A multi-stage self-powered pressure relief device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multistage self-operated pressure reducing device, comprising: valve body and pressure regulating assembly, pressure regulating cavity is opened in valve body, gas inflow passage and gas outflow passage, pressure regulating cavity includes balance chamber and regulating chamber and connecting channel, connecting channel both ends communicate balance chamber and regulating chamber;Pressure regulating assembly includes valve core and pressure regulating elastic piece, two ends of valve core are located in balance chamber and regulating chamber respectively and are communicated by gas balance channel, one end in balance chamber is supported with pressure regulating elastic piece, and the area of its pressure end face is less than the area of the pressure end face of end head in regulating chamber, when the thrust generated by the gas pressure in balance chamber is greater than the support force of pressure regulating elastic piece, first end head will be pushed towards regulating chamber and move, to reduce the space of regulating chamber, reduce the flow rate of airflow, solve the technical problem that traditional gas pressure reducing valve cannot well reduce and stabilize the pressure for dynamic input gas pressure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of high-pressure gas pressure reducing valve, more particularly to a multi-stage self-operated pressure reducing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, a gas pressure reducing valve is a device specially used for automatically reducing the pressure of a pipeline, which can reduce the high pressure of a pipeline before the valve to the required level of a pipeline after the valve. Such a valve is crucial in applications requiring safe, accurate and stable control of hydrogen pressure. If the pressure reducing valve fails to reduce the high pressure of the gas to a safe level, the excessively high pressure can damage downstream components or pipelines, causing leakage and increasing the risk of explosion or fire.

[0003] The conventional gas pressure reducing valve can only reduce the pressure within a limited range, and the output pressure fluctuates with the fluctuation of the input pressure, and cannot well reduce and stabilize the pressure when facing dynamic pressure.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a new multi-stage self-operated pressure reducing device with self-adaptive gas pressure adjustment, wide adjustment range and stable output is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a multi-stage self-operated pressure reducing device, which aims to solve the technical problem that the conventional gas pressure reducing valve cannot well reduce and stabilize the pressure when facing dynamic input pressure.

[0006] A pressure reducing device comprises a valve body and a pressure adjusting assembly, the valve body is provided with a sealed pressure adjusting cavity, a gas inlet passage and a gas outlet passage, the pressure adjusting cavity comprises a balance cavity and an adjusting cavity arranged oppositely and a connecting passage between the balance cavity and the adjusting cavity, and the connecting passage is communicated with the balance cavity and the adjusting cavity at both ends;

[0007] The pressure adjusting assembly comprises a valve core and a pressure adjusting elastic member, the valve core comprises a core body and first and second end heads connected at both ends of the core body, the core body is sealed and slid in the connecting passage, the first end head is telescopically located in the adjusting cavity and a pressure reducing passage is formed between the telescopic end face of the first end head and the inner wall face of the adjusting cavity, and the outlet of the gas inlet passage and the inlet of the gas outlet passage are communicated with the pressure reducing passage;

[0008] The second end head is slid in the balance cavity, a gas balance passage is formed through the first end head, the core body and the second end head, the gas balance passage is communicated with the balance cavity and the adjusting cavity, the area of the pressure receiving end face of the first end head is smaller than that of the pressure receiving end face of the second end head, and the pressure adjusting elastic member is sleeved on the core body in the balance cavity to apply an elastic force to the second end head in a direction away from the adjusting cavity.

[0009] By the technical scheme, the first end head and the second end head are communicated through the gas balance channel, so that the gas pressures in the adjusting cavity where the first end head is located and the balance cavity where the second end head is located are the same, and because the area of the pressure receiving surface of the first end head is smaller than the area of the pressure receiving surface of the second end head, the gas pressure in the balance cavity generates a thrust on the second end head, when the gas pressure exceeds the preset value, the thrust generated by the gas pressure in the balance cavity is greater than the sum of the supporting force of the pressure adjusting elastic member and the thrust of the gas pressure in the adjusting cavity on the first end head, so as to push the first end head to move towards the adjusting cavity, so as to reduce the width of the pressure reduction channel, so as to increase the flow rate and reduce the gas pressure, and the gas pressure is automatically adjusted, and the output is stable.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure receiving surfaces of the first end head and the second end head and the pressure adjusting elastic member are configured to move the second end head to move the first end head to reduce the gas flow cross section of the pressure reduction channel when the gas pressure in the adjusting cavity exceeds the preset value.

[0011] Preferably, the first end head is a frustum, and the chamber of the adjusting cavity is provided with a frustum groove on the side opposite to the first end head, and the gap between the first end head and the frustum groove is the pressure reduction channel.

[0012] Preferably, when the pressure adjusting elastic member is in the fully compressed state, there is a minimum gap between the first end head and the frustum groove.

[0013] Preferably, the second end head is a disc structure, one side end surface of which is connected with the core body, and the other side end surface is the pressure receiving surface, and the outer ring surface of the disc structure is in sealing and sliding connection with the inner wall surface of the balance cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure adjusting elastic member is sleeved on the core body and abuts against the inner wall surface of the balance cavity opposite to the disc structure.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure adjusting cavity and the pressure adjusting assembly are multiple groups, and are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction in the plane perpendicular to the gas transmission direction.

[0016] Preferably, the valve body is further provided with a distribution channel and a collection channel, the gas inflow channel and the multiple adjusting cavities are communicated through the distribution channel, and the gas outflow channel and the multiple adjusting cavities are communicated through the collection channel.

[0017] A multi-stage self-operated pressure reduction device comprises multiple pressure reduction devices as described above, and the multiple pressure reduction devices are arranged in sequence along the gas flow direction, and the distribution channel and the collection channel of adjacent two pressure reduction devices are communicated through a connecting channel.

[0018] By the technical scheme, multiple pressure reduction devices are arranged in sequence along the gas flow direction, so that the gas pressure can be reduced and stabilized step by step, and the pressure threshold of the gas output is lower and more stable.

[0019] Preferably, the elastic force of the pressure regulating elastic member of the plurality of pressure reducing devices decreases step by step along the gas transmission direction.

[0020] Preferably, the valve body of the pressure reducing device comprises an outer valve cylinder and a plurality of inner valve cylinders, the outer valve cylinder is in a columnar structure, the plurality of outer valve cylinders are integrally formed, and an assembly cavity is formed in the axial direction of the outer valve cylinder; the plurality of inner valve cylinders are sequentially fastened and assembled in the assembly cavity; and a pressure regulating cavity is formed in the outer valve cylinder and the inner valve cylinder in correspondence.

[0021] According to the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the application provides a multi-stage self-force type pressure reducing device, which has the following beneficial effects: the width of the pressure reducing channel is adjusted by the pressure in the pressure reducing channel; when the pressure exceeds the preset value, the air pressure in the balance cavity drives the second end of the valve core to move towards the regulating cavity, thereby reducing the width of the pressure reducing channel and reducing the air pressure in the pressure reducing channel; when the air pressure in the pressure reducing channel is reduced to the preset value, the pushing force generated by the air pressure in the balance cavity is insufficient to counterbalance the pushing force of the pressure regulating elastic member and the air pressure in the regulating cavity on the first end, the width of the pressure reducing channel increases, and the air pressure in the pressure reducing channel is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A perspective view of a multi-stage self-force type pressure reducing device provided by the application;

[0023] Figure 2 An exploded view of a multi-stage self-force type pressure reducing device provided by the application in a partial cross-sectional view;

[0024] Figure 3 A perspective view of a valve core provided by the application; Figure 2 An enlarged view of a portion A;

[0025] Figure 4 A front view of a valve core provided by the application; Figure 2 An enlarged view of a portion C;

[0026] Figure 5 A perspective view of a valve core provided by the application;

[0027] Figure 6 A front view of a valve core provided by the application;

[0028] Figure 7 A B-B cross-sectional view of a valve core provided by the application; Figure 6

[0029] An exploded view of a valve body provided by the application; Figure 8

[0030] A partial cross-sectional view of an outer valve cylinder provided by the application; Figure 9

[0031] Figure 10 ​A perspective view of the inner valve cylinder one provided by the present application;

[0032] Figure 11 A front view of the inner valve cylinder one provided by the present application;

[0033] Figure 12 A perspective view of the inner valve cylinder two provided by the present application; Figure 11 A D-D sectional view of the inner valve cylinder one;

[0034] Figure 13 A E-E sectional view of the inner valve cylinder one; Figure 11

[0035] Figure 14 A F-F sectional view of the inner valve cylinder one; Figure 11

[0036] Figure 15 A perspective view of the inner valve cylinder two provided by the present application;

[0037] Figure 16 A front view of the inner valve cylinder two provided by the present application;

[0038] Figure 17 A G-G sectional view of the inner valve cylinder two; Figure 16

[0039] A H-H sectional view of the inner valve cylinder two; Figure 18 Figure 16 A M-M sectional view of the inner valve cylinder two;

[0040] Figure 19 Figure 16 A perspective view of the inner valve cylinder four provided by the present application;

[0041] Figure 20 A front view of the inner valve cylinder four provided by the present application;

[0042] Figure 21 A N-N sectional view of the inner valve cylinder four;

[0043] Figure 22 A P-P sectional view of the inner valve cylinder four; Figure 21

[0044] A S-S sectional view of the inner valve cylinder four; Figure 23 Figure 21 A perspective view of the inner valve cylinder four provided by the present application;

[0045] Figure 24 Figure 21 A S-S sectional view of the inner valve cylinder four;

[0046] ​​​​​​Wherein: 1-valve body; 2-pressure regulating assembly; 3-thrust valve cover; 12-outer valve cylinder; 13-inner valve cylinder; 14-valve cover; 21-valve core; 22-pressure regulating elastic member; 23-sealing ring; 111-balance cavity; 112-regulating cavity; 121-assembly cavity; 122-valve cover mounting groove; 123-pressure regulating groove; 124-connection channel; 125-mounting table; 131-first inner valve column; 132-second inner valve column; 133-third inner valve column; 134-fourth inner valve column; 135-1-tapered groove one; 135-2-tapered groove two; 135-4-tapered groove four; 136-1-branch channel one; 136-2-branch channel two; 136-4-branch channel four; 137-1-connection channel one; 137-2-connection channel two; 137-4-connection channel four; 138-1-connection channel one; 138-2-connection channel two; 138-3-connection channel three; 138-6-connection channel four; 139-1-communication groove one; 139-2-communication groove two; 139-4-communication groove four; 211-first end head; 212-second end head; 213-disc structure; 214-gas balance channel; 1311-gas inlet channel; 1315-threaded column one; 1325-threaded column two; 1326-threaded hole one; 1341-gas outlet channel; 1345-threaded hole three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The principles and features of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the examples are used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0048] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figures 1-7 The embodiment of the present application discloses a multi-stage self-operated pressure reducing device, comprising: a valve body 1 and a pressure regulating assembly 2, the valve body 1 is internally provided with a closed pressure regulating cavity, a gas inlet channel 1311 and a gas outlet channel 1341, the pressure regulating cavity comprises a balance cavity 111 and a regulating cavity 112 arranged oppositely and a connection channel 124 between the balance cavity 111 and the regulating cavity 112, and the connection channel 124 is communicated with the balance cavity 111 and the regulating cavity 112 at both ends;

[0049] The pressure regulating assembly 2 comprises a valve core and a pressure regulating elastic member 22, the valve core comprises a core body 21 and first and second end heads connected at both ends of the core body 21, the core body 21 is sealingly and slidingly arranged in the connection channel 124, the first end head 211 is telescopically arranged in the regulating cavity 112 and a pressure reducing channel is formed between the telescopically arranged end face of the first end head 211 and the inner wall face of the regulating cavity 112, and the outlet of the gas inlet channel 1311 and the inlet of the gas outlet channel 1341 are communicated with the pressure reducing channel;

[0050] The second end head 212 is slidingly arranged in the balance cavity 111, the first end head 211, the core 21 and the second end head 212 are provided with a through gas balance channel 214, the gas balance channel 214 is communicated with the balance cavity 111 and the adjusting cavity 112, the area of the pressure receiving surface of the first end head 211 is smaller than the area of the pressure receiving surface of the second end head 212; the pressure adjusting elastic member 22 is sleeved on the core 21 located in the balance cavity 111 to apply an elastic force on the second end head 212 in a direction away from the adjusting cavity 112.

[0051] In some embodiments, the pressure receiving surfaces of the first end head and the second end head 212 and the pressure adjusting elastic member 22 are configured to, when the gas pressure in the adjusting cavity 112 exceeds a preset value, the gas pressure in the balance cavity 111 pushes the second end head 212 to drive the first end head 211 to move to reduce the gas flow cross section of the pressure reduction channel.

[0052] In some other embodiments, the first end head 211 is frustoconical, the cavity opposite to the first end head 211 of the adjusting cavity 112 is provided with a frustoconical groove 135, and the gap between the first end head 211 and the frustoconical groove 135 is the pressure reduction channel.

[0053] Specifically, the first end head 211 is frustoconical, and the gap between the frustoconical surface and the groove wall surface and groove bottom surface of the frustoconical groove 135 is equal.

[0054] In one embodiment, when the pressure adjusting elastic member 22 is in its fully compressed state, the minimum gap exists between the first end head 211 and the frustoconical groove 135.

[0055] In one embodiment, the second end head 212 is disc-shaped structure, one side end surface of which is connected with the core 21, and the other side end surface is the pressure receiving surface, and the outer ring surface of the disc-shaped structure is sealingly and slidingly connected with the inner wall surface of the balance cavity 111.

[0056] Specifically, it further comprises a support column 213, which is coaxially arranged with the core 21, and the first end of which is fixedly connected with the pressure receiving surface of the disc-shaped structure, and the two ends of the gas balance channel 214 pass through the second end of the support column 213 and the first end head 211 of the core 21. Thus, the contact area between the second end head 212 of the disc-shaped structure and the balance cavity 111 can be reduced by the support column 213, and adhesion can be avoided.

[0057] In some embodiments, the pressure adjusting elastic member 22 is sleeved on the core 21 and abuts against the inner wall surface of the balance cavity 111 opposite to the disc-shaped structure.

[0058] In this embodiment, the pressure adjusting cavity and the pressure adjusting assembly 2 are multiple groups, and are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction in the plane perpendicular to the gas transmission direction.

[0059] In some embodiments, the valve body is further provided with a distribution channel 136 and a collection channel 137, the gas inflow channel 1311 is communicated with the plurality of regulating cavities 112 through the distribution channel 136, and the gas outflow channel 1341 is communicated with the plurality of regulating cavities 112 through the collection channel 137. Thus, the collection channel 137 can cause the high flow rate gas flow regulated by the plurality of regulating cavities 112 to collide in the process of collection, thereby greatly reducing the kinetic energy and dynamic pressure of the gas flow.

[0060] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figures 8-24 The embodiment of the present application further discloses a multi-stage self-powered pressure reducing device, comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned pressure reducing devices, the plurality of pressure reducing devices are arranged in sequence along the direction of the gas flow, and the distribution channel 136 and the collection channel 137 of adjacent two pressure reducing devices are communicated through a connecting channel 138.

[0061] In some embodiments, the elastic force of the pressure regulating elastic member 22 of the plurality of pressure reducing devices decreases step by step along the direction of the gas transmission. Thus, the gas pressure which decreases step by step can be more accurately controlled.

[0062] Specifically, the pressure regulating elastic member 22 is a spring.

[0063] In some other embodiments, the valve body 1 of the pressure reducing device comprises an outer valve cylinder 12 and a plurality of detachable inner valve cylinders 13, the outer valve cylinder 12 is a columnar structure, an assembly cavity 121 is formed in the axial direction of the outer valve cylinder 12, the plurality of inner valve cylinders 13 are sequentially fastened and assembled in the assembly cavity 121, and the pressure regulating cavities are formed in the outer valve cylinder 12 and the inner valve cylinders 13; and the plurality of pressure regulating assemblies 2 are one-to-one corresponding to the pressure regulating cavities.

[0064] Specifically, the outer valve cylinder 12 is a square column structure.

[0065] Specifically, the assembly cavity 121 penetrates the upper and lower ends of the outer valve cylinder 12 along the center line of the outer valve cylinder 12.

[0066] Specifically, the valve cover 14 is further provided, the valve cover 14 is hollow inside and has an opening at one end, an outer wall surface of the outer valve cylinder 12 is provided with a valve cover mounting groove 122 in a direction perpendicular to the center line thereof, an outer wall surface of the valve cover 14 is sealingly and tightly connected with an inner side wall surface of the valve cover mounting groove 122, an inner wall surface of the valve cover 14 and a groove bottom surface of the valve cover mounting groove 122 constitute the balance cavity 111, and the outer annular surface of the disc-shaped second end head 212 is sealingly and slidingly connected with the inner side wall surface of the valve cover 14.

[0067] Specifically, the sealing ring 23 is arranged, the inner wall surface of the assembly cavity 121 is provided with a pressure adjusting groove 123 arranged opposite to the valve cover mounting groove 122, the valve cover mounting groove 122 and the pressure adjusting groove 123 are communicated through a connecting channel 124, the outer ring surface of the sealing ring 23 is tightly connected and sealed with the side wall surface of the pressure adjusting groove 123, the inner ring surface of the sealing ring 23 is slidingly connected and sealed with the outer wall surface of the valve core 21, and the V-shaped ring groove is arranged at one end of the sealing ring 23 located at the opening of the pressure adjusting groove 123 and is arranged along the circumferential direction of the sealing ring 23. Thus, when the gas pressure is filled, the two side walls of the V-shaped ring groove expand and open in opposite directions, thereby maintaining the dynamic sealing of the valve core.

[0068] Specifically, the number of the pressure adjusting cavities is 16, which are arranged in four levels along the gas transmission direction, wherein the four pressure adjusting cavities in each group are arranged in a circle about the axis of the outer valve cylinder 12 and are arranged on the four side wall surfaces of the outer valve cylinder 12, respectively.

[0069] Specifically, the assembly cavity 121 is a quadrilateral and is arranged corresponding to the outer wall surface of the outer valve cylinder 12, the inner valve cylinder 13 includes an inner valve cylinder one 131, an inner valve cylinder two 132, an inner valve cylinder three 133 and an inner valve cylinder four 134, which are all quadrilaterals and are arranged in sequence along the gas transmission direction.

[0070] Specifically, the four side wall surfaces of the inner valve cylinder one 131 are all provided with a conical groove one 135-1 arranged opposite to the pressure adjusting groove 123, and the connecting grooves one 139-1 are arranged around the four conical grooves one 135-1; the top end of the inner valve cylinder one 131 has a gas inflow channel 1311 coaxially arranged with the inner valve cylinder one 131, and one end of the gas inflow channel 1311 is arranged outside the top end of the inner valve cylinder one 131, and the other end of the gas inflow channel 1311 is connected with the four connecting grooves one 139-1 through the four flow dividing channels one 136-1; the bottom end of the inner valve cylinder one 131 is coaxially arranged and tightly connected with a threaded column one 1315, the connecting channel one 138-1 is arranged on the end surface of the threaded column one 1315 coaxially with the inner valve cylinder one 131 and one end of the connecting channel one 138-1 is arranged outside the end surface of the threaded column one 1315, and the other end of the connecting channel one 138-1 is connected with the four connecting grooves one 139-1 through the four flow collecting channels one 137-1.

[0071] More specifically, the conical groove one 135-1 of the inner valve cylinder one 131 is arranged opposite to the first level pressure adjusting cavity.

[0072] Specifically, the four side wall surfaces of the inner valve cylinder two 132 are each provided with a conical groove two 135-2 arranged opposite to the pressure regulating groove 123, and a communication groove two 139-2 is provided around the conical groove two 135-2; a threaded hole one 1326 coaxially arranged is provided at the top end of the inner valve cylinder two 132, and the threaded column one 1315 is screw-connected with the threaded hole one 1326; a connecting channel two 138-2 coaxially arranged with the inner valve cylinder two 132 is provided at the bottom surface of the threaded hole one 1326, one end of which is exposed to the bottom surface of the threaded hole one 1326, and the other end is connected with four shunt channels two 136-2 respectively communicated with the four communication grooves two 139-2; a threaded column two 1325 coaxially arranged and tightly connected with the inner valve cylinder two 132 is provided at the bottom end of the inner valve cylinder two 132, a connecting channel three 138-3 coaxially arranged and having one end exposed to the end surface thereof is provided at the end surface of the threaded column two 1325, and the other end of the connecting channel three 138-3 is connected with four collection channels two 137-2 respectively communicated with the four communication grooves two 139-2.

[0073] More specifically, the conical groove two 135-2 of the inner valve cylinder two 132 is arranged opposite to the second-stage pressure regulating cavity.

[0074] Specifically, the inner valve cylinder three 133 has the same structure as the inner valve cylinder two 132, and the threaded column two 1325 at the bottom end of the inner valve cylinder two 132 is screw-connected with the threaded hole at the top end of the inner valve cylinder three 133.

[0075] More specifically, the conical groove of the inner valve cylinder three 133 is arranged opposite to the third-stage pressure regulating cavity.

[0076] Specifically, the four side wall surfaces of the inner valve cylinder four 134 are each provided with a conical groove four 135-4 arranged opposite to the pressure regulating groove 123, and a communication groove four 139-4 is provided around the conical groove four 135-4; a threaded hole three 1345 coaxially arranged is provided at the top end of the inner valve cylinder four 134, and the threaded column at the bottom end of the inner valve cylinder three 133 is screw-connected with the threaded hole three 1345; a connecting channel four 138-6 coaxially arranged with the inner valve cylinder four 134 is provided at the bottom surface of the threaded hole three 1345, one end of which is exposed to the bottom surface of the threaded hole three 1345, and the other end is connected with four shunt channels four 136-4 respectively communicated with the four communication grooves four 139-4; a gas outflow channel 1341 coaxially arranged and having one end exposed to the end surface thereof is provided at the bottom end of the inner valve cylinder two 132, and the other end of the gas outflow channel 1341 is connected with four collection channels four 137-4 respectively communicated with the four communication grooves four 139-4.

[0077] More specifically, the conical groove of the inner valve cylinder four 134 is arranged opposite to the fourth-stage pressure regulating cavity.

[0078] Specifically, the push valve cover 3 is further included, the bottom end of the outer valve cylinder 12 has a mounting table 125, one end of the push valve cover 3 is provided with a mounting groove, the side wall surface of the mounting groove is screw-connected with the side wall surface of the mounting table 125, the groove bottom surface of the mounting groove is in contact with the bottom end of the inner valve cylinder four 134, and the groove bottom surface of the mounting groove is provided with an exhaust hole corresponding to the gas outflow channel 1341. Therefore, the bottom end of the inner valve cylinder four 134 can be supported.

[0079] The specific principle and use method of the multi-stage self-type pressure reducing device provided by the embodiment are as follows:

[0080] 1. The gas flows into the pressure reducing device through the gas inflow channel 1311 and enters the four adjusting cavities 112 through the shunt channels one 136-1 respectively;

[0081] 2. The gas pressure in the adjusting cavity 112 is communicated with the balance cavity 111 through the gas balance channel 214, and the area of the pressure receiving end surface of the first end head 211 is smaller than that of the second end head 212, so that the pressure received by the second end head 212 in the balance cavity 111 is greater than that received by the first end head 211 in the adjusting cavity 112. When the gas pressure in the adjusting cavity 112 exceeds the preset value, the pressure received by the second end head 212 makes the spring compress, and the first end head 211 moves away from the balance cavity 111, thereby reducing the gap of the pressure reducing channel, increasing the gas flow speed, and reducing the gas pressure;

[0082] 3. The high-speed gas flow through the pressure reducing channel flows into the connecting channel one 138-1 through the collection channel one 137-1. In the process of being collected into one pipeline, the gas flow collides, and the kinetic energy and dynamic pressure of the gas are greatly reduced through the collision;

[0083] 4. The gas flow successively passes through multi-stage pressure reduction and is discharged from the gas outflow channel 1341.

[0084] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage self-regulating pressure reducing device, characterized in that, The device includes multiple pressure reducing devices arranged sequentially along the airflow direction. Each pressure reducing device includes a valve body and a pressure regulating assembly. The valve body has a sealed pressure regulating chamber, a gas inlet channel, and a gas outlet channel. The pressure regulating chamber includes a balance chamber and a regulating chamber arranged opposite to each other, and a connecting channel located between the balance chamber and the regulating chamber. The two ends of the connecting channel are connected to the balance chamber and the regulating chamber. The pressure regulating assembly includes a valve core and a pressure regulating elastic element. The valve core includes a core body and a first end and a second end connected to both ends of the core body. The core body is sealed and slides within the connecting channel. The first end is telescopically located within the regulating cavity, and its telescopic end face is connected to the inner wall of the regulating cavity to form a pressure reducing channel. The outlet of the gas inlet channel and the inlet of the gas outlet channel are connected to the pressure reducing channel. The second end slides within the balance chamber. A through gas balance channel is formed within the first end, the core, and the second end. The gas balance channel connects the balance chamber and the adjustment chamber. The area of ​​the pressure-bearing end face of the first end is smaller than the area of ​​the pressure-bearing end face of the second end. The pressure-adjusting elastic element is sleeved on the core located within the balance chamber to apply elastic force to the second end in a direction away from the adjustment chamber. The first end is truncated cone-shaped, and the chamber of the adjustment cavity has a truncated cone groove on the side opposite to the first end. The gap between the first end and the truncated cone groove is a pressure reduction channel. The second end is a disc-shaped structure, with one end face connected to the core and the other end face being a pressure-bearing end face. The outer ring surface of the disc-shaped structure is in a sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of the balance cavity. The pressure regulating elastic element is sleeved on the core and its two ends abut against the inner wall surfaces opposite to the disc-shaped structure and the balance cavity; The pressure regulating chamber and the pressure regulating assembly are in multiple sets and are evenly arranged circumferentially in a plane perpendicular to the gas transmission direction. The valve body is also provided with a flow diversion channel and a flow collection channel. The gas inlet channel is connected to the multiple regulating chambers through the flow diversion channel, and the gas outlet channel is connected to the multiple regulating chambers through the flow collection channel. The diversion channel and the collection channel of two adjacent pressure reducing devices are connected by a connecting pipeline; The elastic force of the pressure regulating elastic element of the plurality of pressure reducing devices decreases step by step along the gas transmission direction; The valve body of the pressure reducing device includes an outer valve column and an inner valve column. The outer valve column is a columnar structure with an assembly cavity in its axial direction. The inner valve column is a multi-section detachable fastener assembled in the assembly cavity. Multiple pressure regulating cavities are correspondingly opened in the outer valve column and the inner valve column. Multiple sets of pressure regulating components correspond one-to-one with the pressure regulating cavities. The outer valve column has a square column structure; The assembly cavity extends through both the upper and lower ends of the outer valve stem along the centerline of the outer valve stem. The number of pressure regulating chambers is 16, which are arranged in an array in 4 levels along the gas transmission direction. The four pressure regulating chambers in each group are arranged in a circular array about the axis of the outer valve column and are respectively arranged on the four side walls of the outer valve column. The assembly cavity is square and is arranged corresponding to the outer wall of the outer valve column. The inner valve column includes inner valve column one, inner valve column two, inner valve column three and inner valve column four, all of which are square. The inner valve column one, inner valve column two, inner valve column three and inner valve column four are arranged sequentially according to the gas transmission direction.

2. The multi-stage self-regulating pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure-bearing end faces of the first end and the second end, and the pressure regulating elastic element are configured such that when the gas pressure in the regulating chamber exceeds a preset value, the gas pressure in the balancing chamber pushes the second end to move the first end, thereby reducing the airflow cross-section of the pressure-reducing channel.

3. The multi-stage self-regulating pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the pressure regulating elastic element is in its fully compressed state, there is a minimum gap between the first end and the frustum groove.

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