Testing device and measuring method for fabric appearance flatness

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of textile testing, in particular to a testing device and a measuring method for fabric appearance flatness. The device is simple in structure, low in cost and convenient to operate, bending, compression and rebound resilience of the fabric in multiple directions can be tested at the same time through a single test of a single device, and the test time can be effectively saved. Aiming at disordered wrinkles of textile fabrics and single and limited existing testing methods, a cylindrical testing head is adopted to clamp and test the textile fabrics, and crushing bending, compression and resilience performance testing of a cylindrical sample of the textile fabrics is realized through the cylindrical testing chuck. And representing the appearance flatness of the fabric through a regression model of the measured mechanical properties. According to the method, the physical characteristics of the fabric can be better represented, the multi-directional wrinkling process of the fabric during dressing and washing in daily life of people can be simulated, and the test reasonability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of textile testing, and in particular to a testing device and a measuring method for fabric appearance flatness. Background Art

[0002] The appearance smoothness of textiles refers to the ability of fabrics to maintain their original shape and structure during use, especially the ability to recover to their original shape after being subjected to external forces. Appearance smoothness is one of the important indicators for evaluating the quality of textiles, which directly affects the appearance and use value of fabrics. At present, the test methods for the appearance smoothness of textiles mainly rely on subjective evaluation based on standard samples, image test methods, or wrinkle recovery angle tests. The subjective evaluation method relies on the subjective judgment of the tester and has large errors and uncertainties; the image test method is often affected by the texture and color of the fabric, and cannot reflect the inherent wrinkle resistance of the fabric; and the wrinkle recovery angle test method, although it can provide certain quantitative data, has a single test process and can only be evaluated based on the recovery angle of partially ordered folds. It is impossible to give a more systematic evaluation of the mixed wrinkles in multiple directions of the fabric, and it is impossible to fully reflect the overall appearance smoothness level of the fabric.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the defect that the existing "phenomenological" testing methods based on images and other methods are easily affected by the texture and color of the fabric in characterizing the smoothness of the fabric appearance; and to overcome the problem that the existing fabric wrinkle recovery angle testing methods only use one crease to evaluate the smoothness of the fabric appearance or the wrinkle characteristics, the present invention provides a new testing method and testing device. By implementing continuous and integrated tests of axial bending, compression, compression recovery and bending recovery on a cylindrical fabric sample, the mechanical characteristics of the wrinkles of the fabric in multiple directions during the crushing and recovery processes of the fabric are realized at one time, and the wrinkle characteristics of the fabric in multiple directions are acquired at one time. Then, the comprehensive evaluation of the smoothness of the fabric appearance is realized by extracting the pattern feature points of the test curve and then constructing a regression model. The method is a systematic method for mechanical testing of the smoothness of the fabric appearance with innovative methods and principles, which is simple and efficient to operate, and can objectively and comprehensively evaluate the smoothness of the appearance of textiles, and has important significance and application value. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a testing device and a measuring method for the smoothness of fabric appearance, which are used to solve the problems existing in the measurement of the smoothness of the appearance of existing textiles in the background technology.

[0005] The invention provides a testing device for fabric appearance smoothness, which can realize rapid measurement of various physical properties of fabric (including compression recovery performance and wrinkle recovery performance) through a single testing device.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance includes a base unit, a mobile unit and a clamping unit. The base unit is the main body for installing and supporting the device, and the mobile unit and the clamping unit are both installed on the base unit; the mobile unit is an adjustable mechanism that can be used to adjust the distance between two test heads in the clamping unit; the clamping unit is used to clamp the textile and test the target physical properties of the textile through an electronic device arranged on the side of the test head.

[0008] The base unit includes a U-shaped bracket and a limiting guide rod arranged in the cavity of the U-shaped bracket; wherein the U-shaped bracket is a supporting frame, and is not limited to the U-shape. It has a bottom placement plate, and vertical plates are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the top of the placement plate. The two vertical plates and the placement plate form a U-shape. The limiting guide rod is used to limit the movement of the moving plate in the moving unit. The limiting guide rod can be set as a single one or two or more limiting guide rods can be set symmetrically and in parallel; further, in order to realize the limited movement of the moving plate, it can also be achieved through specific methods such as guide grooves and guide rails, which are not limited to the guide rod method in this embodiment.

[0009] The moving unit is arranged in the U-shaped bracket, and includes a driving motor, a driving rod and a moving plate; wherein the driving motor is used to drive the movement of the driving rod, and the moving plate is a movable plate body driven by the driving rod. It should be noted that a displacement sensor may be arranged on the moving plate, or a displacement scale may be arranged in the base unit, for indicating the moving distance of the moving plate.

[0010] The plate body of the movable plate is provided with a driving hole and a guide hole. The driving rod passes through the driving hole and is connected to the cavity of the U-shaped bracket. A driving motor is installed at one end of the driving rod. The limiting guide rod passes through the guide hole.

[0011] The plate body of the movable plate is provided with a driving hole and a guide hole. The driving hole cooperates with the installation of the driving rod and can generate a relative position with the driving rod through threaded cooperation. The movable plate slides on the limiting guide rod through the guide hole. The number of the guide holes is the same as the number of the limiting guide rod. A driving motor is installed at one end of the driving rod to drive the driving rod to move.

[0012] The clamping unit includes a first test head, a second test head, a buckle and a stress sensor. The first test head is arranged on the side wall of the moving plate, and the second test head is arranged on the side wall of one end of the U-shaped bracket. The two test heads are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and there is a certain difference in the volume of the test heads. The first test head is larger, while the second test head is relatively smaller. The first test head can be sleeved on the outside of the second test head. There is a buckle between the two test heads for clamping the textile S to be tested.

[0013] Furthermore, the first test head and the second test head have the same structure, the radius of the first test head is larger than that of the second test head, and the first test head can completely cover the second test head when moving, so as to facilitate the complete compression of the fabric to be tested. The second test head is connected to a stress sensor for monitoring the stress changes during the compression and stretching of the fabric.

[0014] Specifically, when installing the textile S to be tested, first unscrew the ring buckles of the first test head and the second test head respectively, roll the textile S to be tested into a tube, put one end of it on the first test head, and tighten the screw on the ring buckle, operate the moving plate to a suitable position, put the other end of the textile to be tested on the second test head, and tighten the screw on the ring buckle. The installation diagram is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0015] A method for measuring the smoothness of a fabric appearance, the method specifically comprising the following measuring steps:

[0016] S1: preset parameters and initialize the test device;

[0017] Furthermore, in the step S1, the preset parameters include adjusting the distance D between the first test head and the second test head so that the distance D is equal to the initial length of the textile S to be tested.

[0018] S2: clamping the textile S to be tested between the first test head and the second test head;

[0019] S3: Start measuring, turn on each sensor, drive the moving plate to gradually move toward the second test head, so that the textile S to be tested gradually buckles and shrinks, and after the fabric is completely compressed, gradually moves away from the second test head, and finally makes the textile S to be tested recover;

[0020] During the movement, the moving plate is first driven at a uniform speed to drive the first test head to move toward the second test head, gradually compressing the textile S to be tested; after the fabric is completely compressed, the moving plate is driven at a uniform speed in the opposite direction to drive the first test head gradually away from the second test head, so that the textile S to be tested gradually recovers from compression to flatness.

[0021] During the measurement process, the stress sensor monitors the stress changes during the compression and stretching of the textile S to be tested, and obtains the pressure-displacement relationship curve and the tension-displacement relationship curve.

[0022] S4: Data processing, the pressure and displacement, tension and displacement data obtained from the above measurements are used to generate corresponding curves in the computer, and the corresponding characteristic values ​​are extracted for mechanical analysis and evaluation, with the evaluation level ranging from 1 to 5. The higher the level, the better the wrinkle recovery performance of the fabric and the higher the smoothness of the fabric appearance.

[0023] When processing data, the original data of the pressure-displacement curve and tension-displacement curve obtained in the experiment are first sorted out. The specific steps are as follows: Extract the data points of the pressure P displacement D and tension T of the fabric from the experiment. Among them, the pressure-displacement curve is obtained through the compression process, while the tension-displacement curve is obtained through the recovery process. The pressure and displacement values ​​of each set of data points will be recorded, and key indicators such as the slope, area difference, and recovery ratio of each curve will be calculated.

[0024] Next, extract the key data in the following ways:

[0025] Compression stage slope: Calculate the slope of the pressure-displacement curve in the initial stage, reflecting the compression performance of the fabric under external force.

[0026] Slope in recovery phase: Calculate the slope of the tension-displacement curve in the recovery phase, which reflects the ability of the fabric to recover to a flat state.

[0027] In order to further analyze the smoothness of the fabric appearance, the regression analysis method is used to perform regression prediction on the experimental data. First, for the pressure-displacement curve in the compression stage, it is assumed that it conforms to the linear relationship, and the regression model is:

[0028] P=a1×d+b1

[0029] Among them, P is the pressure in the compression stage, d is the displacement, a1 is the regression coefficient, which represents the stiffness in the compression stage, and b1 is the intercept, which represents the initial pressure. The data points in the compression stage are fitted by the least squares method to obtain the regression coefficients a1 and b1.

[0030] Similarly, for the tension-displacement curve in the recovery phase, assuming that the relationship is linear, the regression model is:

[0031] T=a2×d+b2

[0032] Among them, T is the tension in the recovery stage, d is the displacement, a2 is the regression coefficient, which represents the stiffness in the recovery stage, and b2 is the intercept, which represents the tension in the initial stage of recovery. The data points in the recovery stage are fitted by the least squares method to obtain the regression coefficients a2 and b2.

[0033] Through regression analysis, the regression coefficients a1, b1, a2 and b2 of the compression phase and the recovery phase were calculated. Next, the goodness of fit of the regression model was evaluated using the determination coefficient R 2 To measure the model's fit. 2 The value indicates the degree of fit between the fitted curve and the actual data, and its value ranges from 0 to 1. The closer the value is to 1, the better the model fit is. The evaluation method of the regression model is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, y i is the actual observed value, is the predicted value of the regression model, is the mean of all actual observations.

[0036] The flatness of the fabric is further analyzed based on the regression coefficient and goodness of fit. For the pressure-displacement curve and the tension-displacement curve, the area difference under them is calculated. The area A1 in the compression stage and the area A2 in the recovery stage are calculated by numerical integration:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, d1 and d2 are the starting point and the end point of the displacement, respectively, and P and T are the pressure and tension, respectively. After calculating the two area values ​​by integration, calculate the area difference

[0039] A diff =A1-A2

[0040] The smaller the area difference, the better the fabric's recovery performance and the smoother its appearance.

[0041] In actual tests, if the fabric area difference is large or the recovery ratio is low, it means that the fabric has poor flatness. In this case, the regression model can be used to predict which factors may cause the fabric flatness to decrease. For example, if the values ​​of a1 and a2 obtained in the regression model are low, it may mean that the fiber structure of the fabric is not tight enough, resulting in poor stiffness during compression and recovery. In view of these factors, the fabric design can be optimized, using a tighter fiber arrangement or changing the fabric weaving structure to improve its appearance flatness.

[0042] According to the results of regression analysis, different external force conditions can be simulated in the laboratory, such as different pressure values ​​and different tension values, to predict the change in the flatness of the fabric during actual use. For example, the deformation process of the fabric under different temperature and humidity conditions can be simulated to further verify the appearance flatness of the fabric. These simulation predictions provide a scientific basis for the design optimization of the fabric.

[0043] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0044] 1. The device has a simple structure, low cost and easy operation. Through a single test of a single device, the bending, compression and tensile tests of the fabric can be completed, which can effectively save the test time.

[0045] 2. The existing testing methods for disordered wrinkles of textiles are relatively single and limited. The testing method proposed in the present invention can characterize the relationship between the wrinkle recovery performance and the appearance smoothness of the fabric through a mechanical model, explain the intrinsic connection between the folding and wrinkling of textiles, and the evaluation method is objective and effective.

[0046] 3. This device uses a cylindrical test head, which can control the bending curvature of the fabric, such as 30-degree bending compression, 120-degree bending compression and 360-degree bending compression, which can better simulate people's dressing and washing in daily life, and also improve the rationality of the test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the device for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the moving plate and the first test head of the device for measuring the fabric appearance smoothness.

[0050] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation of the device for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 The figure is a pressure-displacement relationship curve of the method for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6 The figure is a tension-displacement relationship curve of the method for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 7 The stress-displacement relationship curve of the method for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance of the present invention.

[0054] In the figure: 100 base unit; 200 moving unit; 300 clamping unit; 101 U-shaped bracket; 102 limiting guide rod; 201 driving motor; 202 driving rod; 203 moving plate; 203a driving hole; 203b guide hole; 301a first test head; 301b second test head; 302 buckle; 303 stress sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0057] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0058] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, is a device for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance, comprising a base unit 100, a mobile unit 200 and a clamping unit 300. The base unit 100 is the main body for installing and supporting the device, and the mobile unit 200 and the clamping unit 300 are both installed on the base unit 100; the mobile unit 200 is an adjustable mechanism, which can be used to adjust the distance between the two test heads in the clamping unit 300; the clamping unit 300 is used to clamp the textile, and test the target physical properties of the textile through the electronic device arranged on the side of the test head.

[0061] The base unit 100 includes a U-shaped bracket 101 and a limiting guide rod 102 arranged in the cavity of the U-shaped bracket 101; wherein the U-shaped bracket 101 is a supporting frame, and is not limited to a U-shape. It has a bottom placement plate, and vertical plates are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the top of the placement plate. The two vertical plates and the placement plate form a U-shape. The limiting guide rod 102 is used to limit the movement of the moving plate 203 in the moving unit 200. The limiting guide rod 102 can be set as a single one or two or more symmetrically and in parallel. Furthermore, in order to realize the limiting movement of the moving plate 203, it can also be achieved through specific methods such as guide grooves and guide rails, which are not limited to the guide rod method in this embodiment.

[0062] The moving unit 200 is arranged in the U-shaped bracket 101, and includes a driving motor 201, a driving rod 202 and a moving plate 203; wherein the driving motor 201 is used to drive the movement of the driving rod 202, and the moving plate 203 is a movable plate body driven by the driving rod 202. It should be noted that a displacement sensor may be provided on the moving plate 203, or a displacement scale may be provided in the base unit 100, for indicating the moving distance of the moving plate 203.

[0063] The movable plate 203 has a driving hole 203a and a guide hole 203b on its body. The driving rod 202 passes through the driving hole 203a and is connected to the cavity of the U-shaped bracket 101. A driving motor 201 is installed at one end of the driving rod 202. The limiting guide rod 102 passes through the guide hole 203b.

[0064] A driving hole 203a and a guide hole 203b are provided on the plate body of the movable plate 203. The driving hole 203a cooperates with the installation of the driving rod 202 and can generate a relative position with the driving rod 202 through threaded cooperation. The movable plate 203 slides on the limiting guide rod 102 through the guide hole 203b. The number of the guide holes 203b is the same as the number of the limiting guide rod 102. A driving motor 201 is installed at one end of the driving rod 202 to drive the driving rod 202 to move.

[0065] The clamping unit 300 includes a first test head 301a and a second test head 301b, a buckle 302 and a stress sensor 303. The first test head 301a is arranged on the side wall of the movable plate 203, and the second test head 301b is arranged on the side wall of one end of the U-shaped plate bracket 101. The two test heads are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and there is a certain difference in the volume of the test heads. The first test head 301a is larger, while the test head 301b is relatively smaller. The test head 301a can be sleeved on the outside of 301b. A buckle 302 is arranged between the two test heads for clamping the textile S to be tested.

[0066] The first test head 301a and the second test head 301b have the same structure. The radius of the first test head 301a is larger than that of the second test head 301b. When moving, the first test head 301a can completely cover the second test head 301b, so that the tested fabric is completely compressed. The second test head 301b is connected to the stress sensor 303 to monitor the stress changes during the compression and stretching of the fabric.

[0067] Specifically, when installing the textile S to be tested, first unscrew the loops of the first test head 301a and the second test head 301b respectively, roll the textile S to be tested into a tube, put one end of the textile S on the first test head 301a, and tighten the screws on the loop, operate the moving plate 203 to a suitable position, put the other end of the textile S to be tested on the second test head 301b, and tighten the screws on the loop. The installation diagram is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] Reference Figures 5 to 7 , as an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for measuring the smoothness of a fabric appearance, and the method specifically comprises the following measuring steps:

[0070] S1: preset parameters and initialize the test device;

[0071] Furthermore, in the step S1, the preset parameters include adjusting the distance D between the first test head 301a and the second test head 301b so that the distance D is equal to the initial length of the textile S to be tested.

[0072] S2: clamp the textile S to be tested between the first test head 301a and the second test head 301b;

[0073] S3: Start measuring, turn on each sensor, drive the moving plate 203 to gradually move toward the second test head 301b, so that the textile S to be tested gradually bends and shrinks, and after the fabric is completely compressed, gradually moves away from the second test head 301b, and finally the textile S to be tested recovers;

[0074] During the movement, the moving plate 203 is first driven at a uniform speed to drive the first test head 301a to move toward the second test head 301b, and gradually compress the textile S to be tested; after the fabric is completely compressed, the moving plate 203 is driven at a uniform speed in the opposite direction to drive the first test head 301a to gradually move away from the second test head 301b, so that the textile S to be tested gradually recovers from compression to flatness.

[0075] During the measurement process, the stress sensor 303 monitors the stress changes during the compression and stretching of the textile S to be measured, and obtains a pressure-displacement relationship curve and a tension-displacement relationship curve.

[0076] S4: Data processing, the pressure and displacement, tension and displacement data obtained from the above measurements are used to generate corresponding curves in the computer, and the corresponding characteristic values ​​are extracted for mechanical analysis and evaluation, with the evaluation level ranging from 1 to 5. The higher the level, the better the wrinkle recovery performance of the fabric and the higher the smoothness of the fabric appearance.

[0077] When processing data, the original data of the pressure-displacement curve and tension-displacement curve obtained in the experiment are first sorted out. The specific steps are as follows: Extract the data points of the pressure P displacement D and tension T of the fabric from the experiment. Among them, the pressure-displacement curve is obtained through the compression process, while the tension-displacement curve is obtained through the recovery process. The pressure and displacement values ​​of each set of data points will be recorded, and key indicators such as the slope, area difference, and recovery ratio of each curve will be calculated.

[0078] Next, extract the key data in the following ways:

[0079] Compression stage slope: Calculate the slope of the pressure-displacement curve in the initial stage, reflecting the compression performance of the fabric under external force.

[0080] Slope in recovery phase: Calculate the slope of the tension-displacement curve in the recovery phase, which reflects the ability of the fabric to recover to a flat state.

[0081] In order to further analyze the smoothness of the fabric appearance, the regression analysis method is used to perform regression prediction on the experimental data. First, for the pressure-displacement curve in the compression stage, it is assumed that it conforms to the linear relationship, and the regression model is:

[0082] P=a1×d+b1

[0083] Among them, P is the pressure in the compression stage, d is the displacement, a1 is the regression coefficient, which represents the stiffness in the compression stage, and b1 is the intercept, which represents the initial pressure. The data points in the compression stage are fitted by the least squares method to obtain the regression coefficients a1 and b1.

[0084] Similarly, for the tension-displacement curve in the recovery phase, assuming that the relationship is linear, the regression model is:

[0085] T=a2×d+b2

[0086] Among them, T is the tension in the recovery stage, d is the displacement, a2 is the regression coefficient, which represents the stiffness in the recovery stage, and b2 is the intercept, which represents the tension in the initial stage of recovery. The data points in the recovery stage are fitted by the least squares method to obtain the regression coefficients a2 and b2.

[0087] Through regression analysis, the regression coefficients a1, b1, a2 and b2 of the compression phase and the recovery phase were calculated. Next, the goodness of fit of the regression model was evaluated using the determination coefficient R 2 To measure the model's fit. 2 The value indicates the degree of fit between the fitted curve and the actual data, and its value ranges from 0 to 1. The closer the value is to 1, the better the model fit is. The evaluation method of the regression model is as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, y i is the actual observed value, is the predicted value of the regression model, is the mean of all actual observations.

[0090] The flatness of the fabric is further analyzed based on the regression coefficient and goodness of fit. For the pressure-displacement curve and the tension-displacement curve, the area difference under them is calculated. The area A1 in the compression stage and the area A2 in the recovery stage are calculated by numerical integration:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, d1 and d2 are the starting point and the end point of the displacement, respectively, and P and T are the pressure and tension, respectively. After calculating the two area values ​​by integration, calculate the area difference

[0093] A diff =A1-A2

[0094] The smaller the area difference, the better the fabric's recovery performance and the smoother its appearance.

[0095] In actual tests, if the fabric area difference is large or the recovery ratio is low, it means that the fabric has poor flatness. In this case, the regression model can be used to predict which factors may cause the fabric flatness to decrease. For example, if the values ​​of a1 and a2 obtained in the regression model are low, it may mean that the fiber structure of the fabric is not tight enough, resulting in poor stiffness during compression and recovery. In view of these factors, the fabric design can be optimized, using a tighter fiber arrangement or changing the fabric weaving structure to improve its appearance flatness.

[0096] According to the results of regression analysis, different external force conditions can be simulated in the laboratory, such as different pressure values ​​and different tension values, to predict the change in the flatness of the fabric during actual use. For example, the deformation process of the fabric under different temperature and humidity conditions can be simulated to further verify the appearance flatness of the fabric. These simulation predictions provide a scientific basis for the design optimization of the fabric.

[0097] In order to verify the effectiveness of the method of the present invention, different types of fabric samples can be selected, and multiple experiments can be conducted to compare the error range between the regression analysis results and the actual test results. Fabric samples of different materials, thicknesses, and structures can be used for testing to ensure the universality and accuracy of the model. If the error is small, it means that the regression model has good prediction accuracy and can effectively guide the production and improvement of fabrics.

[0098] Finally, based on the test method and regression analysis model for the smoothness of fabric appearance provided by the present invention, the smoothness of fabric can be comprehensively evaluated through quantitative data. This evaluation method not only improves the evaluation efficiency of fabric quality, but also can predict the mechanical properties of fabric under different conditions through regression analysis, help optimize the design of fabric, improve its performance, and provide technical support for quality control in the textile industry.

[0099] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., tension, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0100] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0101] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the smoothness of a fabric appearance, characterized in that: The measurement steps include: S1: preset parameters and initialize the measuring device of fabric appearance smoothness; The preset parameters include adjusting the distance D between the first test head (301a) and the second test head (301b) so that the distance D is equal to the initial length of the textile S to be tested; The device for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance comprises a base unit (100), a moving unit (200) and a clamping unit (300); wherein the base unit (100) is the main body for installing and supporting the device, and the moving unit (200) and the clamping unit (300) are both installed on the base unit (100); The clamping unit (300) comprises a first test head (301a), a second test head (301b), a ring buckle (302) and a stress sensor (303); the first test head (301a) is arranged on a side wall of the movable plate (203), and the second test head (301b) is arranged on a side wall at one end of the U-shaped bracket (101); S2: clamping the textile to be tested S between the first test head (301a) and the second test head (301b); S3: Start measuring, turn on the sensor of the device for measuring the smoothness of the fabric appearance, and during the moving process, first drive the moving plate (203) at a uniform speed to drive the first test head (301a) to move toward the second test head (301b), and gradually compress the textile S to be tested; after the fabric is completely compressed, drive the moving plate (203) at a uniform speed in the opposite direction, and drive the first test head (301a) to gradually move away from the second test head (301b), so that the textile S to be tested gradually recovers from compression to flatness; During the measurement process, the stress sensor (303) monitors the stress changes during the compression and stretching of the textile S to be tested, and obtains a pressure-displacement relationship curve and a tension-displacement relationship curve; S4: Data processing, generating corresponding curves of the pressure and displacement, tension and displacement data obtained by measurement in the computer, extracting corresponding special values ​​for mechanical analysis and evaluation; In data processing, the original data of the pressure-displacement curve and tension-displacement curve obtained in the experiment are first sorted out, and the data points of the pressure P, displacement D and tension T of the fabric are extracted from the experiment; among them, the pressure-displacement curve is obtained through the compression process, and the tension-displacement curve is obtained through the recovery process; the pressure and displacement values ​​of each set of data points will be recorded, and the slope, area difference and recovery ratio of each curve will be calculated; Slope of compression stage: calculate the slope of the pressure-displacement curve in the initial stage, reflecting the compression performance of the fabric under external force; Slope of recovery stage: Calculate the slope of the tension-displacement curve in the recovery stage, which reflects the ability of the fabric to recover to a flat state; The regression analysis method is used to make regression predictions on the experimental data. First, for the pressure-displacement curve in the compression stage, it is assumed that it conforms to a linear relationship, and the regression model is: P=a1×d+b1 Where P is the pressure in the compression stage, d is the displacement, a1 is the regression coefficient, which indicates the stiffness in the compression stage, and b1 is the intercept, which indicates the initial pressure. The data points in the compression stage are fitted by the least squares method to obtain the regression coefficients a1 and b1. Similarly, for the tension-displacement curve in the recovery phase, assuming that the relationship is linear, the regression model is: T=a2×d+b2 Where T is the tension in the recovery stage, d is the displacement, a2 is the regression coefficient, which represents the stiffness in the recovery stage, and b2 is the intercept, which represents the tension in the initial stage of recovery. The data points in the recovery stage are fitted by the least squares method to obtain the regression coefficients a2 and b2. Through regression analysis, the regression coefficients a1, b1, a2 and b2 of the compression stage and the recovery stage are calculated; To evaluate the goodness of fit of the regression model, use the coefficient of determination R 2 To measure the model's fitting effect; R 2 The value indicates the degree of fit between the fitted curve and the actual data, and its value ranges from 0 to 1. The closer the value is to 1, the better the model fit is. The evaluation method of the regression model is as follows: Among them, y i is the actual observed value, is the predicted value of the regression model, is the mean of all actual observations.

2. A method for measuring the smoothness of a fabric appearance as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4, the flatness of the fabric is further analyzed according to the regression coefficient and the goodness of fit; the area difference is calculated for the pressure-displacement curve and the tension-displacement curve; the area A1 in the compression stage and the area A2 in the recovery stage are calculated by numerical integration: Among them, d1 and d2 are the starting point and the end point of the displacement, respectively, and P and T are the pressure and tension, respectively. After calculating the two area values ​​by integration, calculate the area difference: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">A<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> diff <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> (A1-A2) The smaller the area difference, the better the fabric's recovery performance and the smoother its appearance.

3. The method for measuring the smoothness of a fabric appearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, when installing the textile S to be tested, firstly twist open the ring buckles of the first test head (301a) and the second test head (301b), respectively, roll the textile S to be tested into a tube, one end of which is sleeved on the first test head (301a), and the screw on the ring buckle is tightened, and the movable plate (203) is operated to a suitable position, and the other end of the textile to be tested is sleeved on the second test head (301b), and the screw on the ring buckle is tightened.

4. A method for measuring the smoothness of a fabric appearance as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first test head (301a) is distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner with respect to the second test head (301b); the first test head (301a) is larger than the second test head (301b); the first test head (301a) can be sleeved on the outside of the second test head (301b); and a buckle (302) is provided between the two test heads for clamping the textile S to be tested.

5. The method for measuring the smoothness of a fabric appearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base unit (100) comprises a U-shaped bracket (101) and a limiting guide rod (102) arranged in a cavity of the U-shaped bracket (101); wherein the U-shaped bracket (101) is a support frame having a bottom placement plate, and vertical plates are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the top of the placement plate, and the two vertical plates and the placement plate form a U shape, and the limiting guide rod (102) is used to limit the movement of the moving plate (203) in the moving unit (200). The movable unit (200) is arranged in the U-shaped bracket (101), and the movable unit (200) comprises a driving motor (201), a driving rod (202) and a movable plate (203); wherein the driving motor (201) is used to drive the driving rod (202) to move, and the movable plate (203) is a movable plate body driven by the driving rod (202).

6. A method for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The movable plate (203) has a driving hole (203a) and a guide hole (203b) on its plate body; the driving rod (202) passes through the driving hole (203a) and is connected to the cavity of the U-shaped bracket (101); a driving motor (201) is installed at one end of the driving rod (202); and the limiting guide rod (102) passes through the guide hole (203b); A driving hole (203a) and a guide hole (203b) are provided on the plate body of the movable plate (203); the driving hole (203a) cooperates with the installation of the driving rod (202) and can generate a relative position with the driving rod (202) through threaded cooperation, and the movable plate (203) slides on the limiting guide rod (102) through the guide hole (203b); the number of the guide holes (203b) is the same as the number of the limiting guide rod (102); a driving motor (201) is installed at one end of the driving rod (202) for driving the driving rod (202) to move.

7. A method for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting guide rod (102) can be provided as a single one or as two or more symmetrically and in parallel.

8. A method for measuring the smoothness of fabric appearance as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A displacement sensor is provided on the movable plate (203), and a displacement scale is provided in the base unit (100) for indicating the moving distance of the movable plate (203).

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