Optical device, optical system, and optical apparatus

Abstract

The invention provides an optical device, an optical system and optical equipment. The optical device comprises at least two surfaces, namely a selective transmission and reflection surface and a reflection or selective transmission and reflection surface, the optical device further comprises at least one object plane. The object surface is divided into a plurality of areas, light emitted by one area is emitted from the optical device through the selective transmission reflection surface, and light emitted by the other area enters the reflection surface or the selective transmission reflection surface, enters the selective transmission reflection surface after being propagated and is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface; and / or the device further comprises at least one image plane; the image surface is divided into a plurality of areas, and part of input light enters one area of the image surface after penetrating through the selective transmission and reflection surface; and the other part of the input light is reflected by the selective transmission and reflection surface, then enters the reflection surface or the selective transmission and reflection surface, and enters the other area of the image surface after being propagated. According to the invention, simultaneous or time-sharing display of a plurality of images with different depths or different optical properties can be realized by using fewer optical systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to an optical device, an optical system and an optical equipment. Background Art

[0002] In some optical applications, such as AR / VR, HUD and other products, the displayed image often needs to present multiple different depths / focal lengths simultaneously or in time. Or, in some special image perception applications, it is hoped that light of different properties (wavelength, polarization, angle / phase / distance, etc.) can be received by different sensors or imaging devices.

[0003] Current technical solutions often use multiple optical systems (such as multiple display screens, multiple projection systems / optical machines) to achieve multi-focal display. However, multiple systems mean higher costs, larger volumes, and various problems in practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical device, an optical system and an optical equipment. Through a display screen, a projection imaging system (lens system), and a light splitting / combining device, different areas of the display screen can be projected into images of different distances, or the reverse operation can be used to achieve the shooting of images of different focal lengths on different areas of the same photosensitive device, or to simultaneously project images of different distances and shoot images of different focal lengths.

[0005] An optical device provided according to the present invention comprises at least two surfaces (optical surface / reflective surface): a selectively transmissive reflective surface 1 (i.e., a light splitting / light combining surface, which combines light emitted from different areas of the object plane and / or splits the incident light and propagates it to different areas of the image plane), and a reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface 2.

[0006] The optical device further comprises at least one object plane (a plane from which light is emitted, similar to the concept of object plane in optics, and the object plane can be a plane or a curved surface). The light emitted on the object plane can have the same optical properties (similar angles, similar wavelengths, or similar polarization, etc.), and the object plane is divided into multiple regions. The light emitted from one region passes through the selective transmission reflection surface 1 and is emitted from the optical device. The light emitted from another region is incident on the reflective or selective transmission reflection surface 2, and after propagation, it is incident on the selective transmission reflection surface 1 and is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface 1; for example Figure 1 As shown, another area 102 of the object plane emits a reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 ( Figure 1 202, a metal or dielectric reflective film can be prepared on the surface) and then reflected and propagated for a certain distance and then incident on the selective transmission and reflection surface 1 ( Figure 1201 in the figure) and is reflected. Or the light emitted from one area is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface (1) and emitted from the optical device, and the light emitted from another area is incident on the reflective or selective transmission reflection surface (2), and after propagation, it is incident on the selective transmission reflection surface (1) and is transmitted from the selective transmission reflection surface (1); for example Fig.14 As shown,

[0007] And / or the optical device further comprises at least one image plane (a surface for receiving light, similar to a surface for focusing light in optics). The image plane is divided into a plurality of regions, and part of the input light passes through the selective transmission and reflection surface 1 and is incident on one region of the image plane. Another part of the input light is reflected by the selective transmission and reflection surface 1 and is incident on the reflective or selective transmission and reflection surface 2, and is incident on another region of the image plane after propagation; for example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 Or part of the input light is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface (1) and then incident on one area of ​​the image plane, and another part of the input light is transmitted from the selective transmission reflection surface (1) and then incident on the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface (2), and then incident on another area of ​​the image plane after propagation.

[0008] One area of ​​the object plane / image plane does not overlap with another area. Light emitted from different areas of the same object plane is combined after passing through the device, and the optical paths experienced by light emitted from different areas are not exactly the same; or light input into the device reaches the same image plane after propagating in the optical device (light is branched), and the optical paths experienced by light received by different areas of the image plane (different areas receive input light of different properties, or different areas each receive part of the energy of input light of the same nature) are not exactly the same. The object plane is a plane composed of multiple pixel points that emit light (image plane, such as a 1080P image), and the image plane is a plane where light is focused into pixel points (multiple pixel points, such as a 1080P image). In some applications, light from different areas on the object plane undergoes different polarization modulations before entering the light-combining surface (selective transmission and reflection surface 1) (e.g., light emitted from area 102 is modulated by the 1 / 2 wave plate 305 before entering the light-combining surface 201, while light emitted from area 101 is not polarization modulated), and / or the incident light undergoes different polarization modulations before reaching different areas of the image plane after being split and propagated by the splitting surface (selective transmission and reflection surface 1).

[0009] Preferably, an optical device comprises at least three surfaces: a selectively transmissive reflective surface 1, a reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface 2, and a reflective surface 3. The optical device may be composed of a plurality of sub-devices (e.g. Figure 2 and Fig.13The devices 21, 22, 23, 30 in the figure are combined into a complete device 20 by gluing and bonding, wherein the selective transmission reflection surface 1 and the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 can be in or on the same sub-device (in the device 20, on the surface of the device 21 or 22, 23, can be a plane and / or a curved surface), and the reflection surface 3 can be on the surface of the same sub-device, or can also be on another sub-device ( Figure 2 On the surface of the neutron device 30), the reflective surface 3 can also be a plane or a curved surface. The device also includes at least one object plane, which is generally on a plane (in some cases, it can also be on a curved surface or there are multiple object planes). The object plane can be a luminous image, such as composed of LCD, OLED, Micro LED screens, or can also be generated by transmission of projection systems such as LCoS, DLP, MEMS Scanner (scanning galvanometer) (including light sources, and can also include screens / diffusers, etc.). The object plane is divided into multiple areas. Generally, the multiple areas are different areas of the same screen, such as different areas of the same LCD or LED screen, or different areas of the LCoS, DLP, MEMS Scanner projection system screen (display chip itself or projection imaging curtain / diffuser). There can also be gaps between the different areas (black lightless areas to prevent images in different areas from crosstalk). The gap can be that the screen (such as LCD or LCOS, DMD) itself has a completely black image signal in the gap area, or it can also be produced by preparing a light-absorbing layer on the area or using two screens / diffusers (no screen in the gap position in the middle).

[0010] The light emitted from one area is emitted from the optical device through the selective transmission reflection surface 1, that is, the light / image light of a part of the area can be transmitted through the selective transmission reflection surface 1 without modulation. The light emitted from the other area is reflected or transmitted by the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 and propagates in the optical device, and then is reflected by the reflection surface 3 and transmitted through the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 (the light is reflected when it first reaches the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2, and is transmitted when it reaches the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 again after being reflected by the reflection surface 3, such as Figure 2 Or when the light reaches the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface 2 for the first time, it is transmitted, and when it reaches the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface 2 again after being reflected by the reflective surface 3, it is reflected, as shown in Fig.13As shown in the figure, the light / image light emitted from different areas of the same object plane will first experience different propagation optical paths, and then pass through the photosynthesis path of the selective transmission reflection surface 1 and the aforementioned area due to the difference between the areas and the aforementioned areas (or propagate in the same direction but the same as when it was originally on the object plane, and the spatial position of the image is still different / does not overlap); in general, the arrangement of the multiple areas and the selective transmission reflection surface 1, the reflecting or selective transmission reflection surface 2, and the reflecting surface 3 makes the light / image light originally on the same object plane experience different optical paths before being emitted from the device, and can also be modulated by different optical devices (such as lenses, reflectors, wave plates, polarizers, etc.), so as to have different optical properties.

[0011] And / or the optical device also includes at least one image plane. The image plane is divided into multiple areas, and part of the input light is input to one area of ​​the image plane after passing through the selective transmission reflection surface 1. Another part of the input light is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface 1 and then enters the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 and is transmitted / reflected from the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2, and then is reflected by the reflection surface 3 and then reflected / transmitted by the selective transmission reflection surface 2 and output to another area of ​​the image plane. The advantage of this is that light of different properties (such as polarization, color, etc.) can be imaged to different areas of the image plane, and then processed separately, and a photo or video can be taken to achieve optical outputs of different focal lengths / depths of field at the same time. Similar to the aforementioned projection display scheme, this scheme uses the device as photography or optical detection sensing based on the principle of reversible optical path, or a device can also have both projection display and photography / detection sensing functions.

[0012] Preferably, the selective transflective surface reflects or transmits light according to the following properties of light: polarization, wavelength, incident angle, energy, phase. In some applications, the selective transflective surface can be a polarization selective transflective surface, such as Figure 2 The middle surface 201 may be a surface that transmits P polarized light and reflects S polarized light, while the surface 202 is configured in the opposite manner. Figure 2 A quarter wave plate may also be prepared on the surface 302 of the neutron device 30. The selective transmission and reflection surface may also be wavelength selective, for example Figure 2 Surface 201 transmits light below 600nm and reflects light above 600nm, surface 202 is a polarized reflective surface that transmits P polarized light and reflects S polarized light, images in area 102 are all red S polarized light (wavelength>600nm), and images in area 101 are all blue-green and their composite colors (wavelength<600nm). Alternatively, the selective transmissive reflective surface 1 can also distinguish whether the light is transmitted or reflected according to the angle, for example Figure 2There is a gap (air or low refractive index medium) between the devices 21 and 22 in the figure, and light with a small incident angle (less than the total reflection angle) can be transmitted. Figure 2 The light emitted from the surface 201 of the region 101, or the light input from the surface 201 at a small angle from the outside and then incident on the region 101), while the light with a larger incident angle (the incident angle is greater than the total reflection angle, such as Figure 2 The light emitted from the middle region 102 is modulated and incident on the surface 201 at an angle greater than the total reflection angle, which can be achieved by changing the angle of the reflecting surface 301. Alternatively, the light incident from the outside at an angle greater than the total reflection angle will be reflected by the surface 201 and then modulated by the surface 202 and the device 30 before entering the region 102.

[0013] Preferably, one or more of the following films are prepared on the selective transmission and reflection surface: polarized reflective film, wavelength selective reflective film, angle selective reflective film, reflective film with a specific reflection and transmission energy ratio, microstructure film, grating film, super surface film, low refractive index medium or film (or air film / air gap), refractive index regional change film, anti-reflection film / anti-reflection film. The polarized reflective film can be an IQPE or APF film similar to 3M, which transmits P light and reflects S light, and is bonded to the device by bonding after film formation. The wavelength selective film and angle selective reflective film can be a special film layer composed of multiple layers of medium, which can be prepared on the device by processes such as evaporation or sputtering. The wavelength selective film and angle selective reflective film can also be a film composed of sub-millimeter or micron scale microstructures, such as a film composed of structures such as microprisms and microlenses. The grating film is a film with a microstructure at the wavelength scale of light, which can be used for angle and wavelength selection, and can also make certain modulations on light (such as changing the optical focal length, etc.). The angle selective reflective film can also be made by adding a low refractive index medium / glue or adding an air gap / air film to the two devices. Due to the existence of the low refractive index gap, light with an incident angle less than the total reflection angle will be able to transmit from the interface, and light with an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle will be reflected. Furthermore, different refractive index gaps can be prepared in different areas on the transmission and reflection surface to meet the needs of selecting light at different angles. The anti-reflection film can generally be combined with the other films so that the light that is designed to pass through the surface can have a higher transmittance (reduce the reflectivity of this part of the light to avoid the formation of ghost light), and the light that is designed to be reflected by the surface can have as high a reflectivity as possible (increase the reflectivity of part of the light to avoid the formation of ghost light). The reflective film of the specific reflection-transmission energy ratio film can distribute light energy according to the design, such as transmitting and reflecting light of the same nature at a ratio of 40% transmission and 60% reflection.

[0014] Preferably, the optical device further comprises a light modulator, which is one or more of a lens, a reflector, a spatial light modulator, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid lens, a super surface / super lens, a grating, a prism / lens / reflector array, a cylindrical mirror, a prism, a wave plate, and a polarizer. The light modulator can modulate the light, such as using a lens, a reflector, a liquid crystal lens, a cylindrical mirror, a grating, a super surface and other devices to change the imaging position / distance (changing the focal length), aberration, angle and other parameters of the light. The imaging distance or aberration, angle and other parameters of the image can also be dynamically changed in real time by dynamically modulating a liquid crystal lens, a modulatable spatial light modulator (phase modulated liquid crystal screen, LCOS, etc.), a modulatable liquid lens, etc. The light modulator can also include devices such as a prism and a grating to change the angle of light propagation, and can also change the polarization characteristics of light by devices such as a wave plate and a polarizer.

[0015] Preferably, the light modulator is included between the selectively transmissive reflective surface 1 and the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface 2; and / or the light modulator is included between the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface 2 and the reflective surface 3. Figure 3 The surface 301 shown is prepared on the modulation device 30 (curved lens / reflector), and the surface 302 can also be prepared (by processes such as attachment or gluing) with a quarter wave plate. The light is modulated by the device 30 (changing the optical focal length, aberration characteristics, polarization characteristics, etc.) during the process of propagation between the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 and the reflection surface 3. Alternatively, the light modulation device can also be arranged between the selective transmission reflection surface 1 and the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2, such as Figure 3 The device 20 can be further divided into two sub-devices for processing and manufacturing, and a 1 / 2 wave plate can be prepared on the surface 207 of the interface, or between the selective transmission reflection surface 1 and the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 (such as Figure 3 Other modulation devices such as lenses can also be added at the position of the middle surface 207 to further modulate part of the light.

[0016] Preferably, the modulation device can dynamically adjust the light, and the dynamic adjustment can change the imaging distance of the modulated part of the image light in real time to realize the light field function. For example, through a phase-modulated reflective spatial light modulator (phase-modulated LCoS, which can simulate any surface type of lens, adjust the imaging distance, and correct aberration), the light field modulation (such as Figure 2 The device 30 uses a reflective spatial light modulator); or the dynamic adjustment can also be achieved by using a modulatable liquid crystal lens, a transmissive spatial light modulator (such as a phase-modulated LCD screen), a modulatable liquid lens and other devices to realize the dynamic adjustment function.

[0017] Preferably, the optical device further comprises an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism can change the distance between the devices, such as a motor or VCM motor that can adjust the spatial position according to an electrical signal. Figure 2 In the figure, the above-mentioned adjustment mechanism can be used to adjust the spatial position of the object plane / image plane 10 and the device 20 (moving further or closer, which is equivalent to changing the focal distance between the object plane and the project), or it can be installed between the devices 20 and 30 to only change the relevant object distance / image distance of the image in area 102.

[0018] Preferably, the optical device further comprises a display imaging device (which can be arranged on the object surface, and different areas of a display imaging device become different areas of the object surface), and the display imaging device is one or more of the following devices or systems: LCD, LED, Micro LED, OLED, LCoS projection system, DLP projection system, MEMS SCANNER projection system, CRT. The imaging device can be a single self-luminous device, such as Micro LED and OLED screens, or a system including a light source such as LCD, LCoS, DMD, MEMS SCANNER, etc., or a whole system including projection modules and devices such as lenses and reflectors.

[0019] Preferably, the optical device further comprises a light receiving imaging device and / or a light sensor (which can be arranged on the image plane, and different areas of a receiving imaging device become different areas of the image plane), and the light receiving imaging device and / or light sensor is one or more of the following devices or systems: CMOS, CCD, film, PD (photo diode), PD array, APD, APD array, SPAD, light intensity sensor, color temperature / chromaticity sensor. The sensor can be arranged on the image plane, and the image plane can coincide with the object plane, so that the device becomes a device that emits and receives light at the same time, and can be used as a radar (such as a laser radar), or can capture images while projecting and displaying, for example, as a HUD application, and can also be used as a vehicle-mounted camera to capture the external or in-vehicle environment or for eye tracking (for example Figure 1 The middle area 101 is the object plane of the display projection system, and the area 102 on the object plane is replaced by a CMOS imaging device, or Fig.12 In the figure, area 103 is set as the image plane using CMOS devices, while areas 101 and 102 are used as object planes for projection display). Since the camera optical system is coaxial with the projection display system, the optical position deviation is small, and the back-end image processing will easily project the required display content to the appropriate position, producing an effect that fits the real image of the outside world.

[0020] Preferably, the light rays respectively transmitted and reflected by the selective transmission and reflection surface 1 do not experience completely the same optical path when they are emitted from the optical device; or the light rays respectively transmitted and reflected by the selective transmission and reflection surface 1 do not experience completely the same optical path when they reach the image plane. That is, the light rays emitted or received by different regions of the object plane or the image plane do not experience completely the same optical path when they propagate in the device, and the light rays emitted or received by different regions experience part of the optical path together when they propagate in the device, for example Figure 1 The light emitted from different areas of the object plane respectively passes through the selective transmission reflection surface 1 (surface 201) and is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface (surface 201) and combined. The optical path (propagation optical path) experienced by the light is the same, but before reaching the selective transmission reflection surface 1, the optical path / optical path experienced by the light is different. Alternatively, the optical path / optical path experienced by the received light before reaching the selective transmission reflection surface 1 is the same, but the optical path / optical path experienced by the light after being split by the selective transmission reflection surface 1 is different.

[0021] Preferably, the light at least partially reflected and / or transmitted by the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface 2 undergoes at least one total reflection on the surface of the optical device; and / or the light at least partially reflected and / or transmitted by the selectively transmissive reflective surface (1) undergoes at least one total reflection on the surface of the optical device. The total reflection refers to the reflection caused by the angle between the incident light and the surface being greater than the total reflection angle. Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.15 The advantage of doing so is that the angle between the selective transmission reflection surface 1 and / or the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 and the device surface can be reduced, thereby reducing the thickness of the device and reducing the volume.

[0022] An optical system provided according to the present invention comprises the optical device described above.

[0023] An optical device provided according to the present invention includes the optical device described above, or includes the optical system described above.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The optical device provided by the present invention can use fewer optomechanical / optical systems to achieve simultaneous or time-sharing display of multiple images of different depths or different optical properties, or receive light of different properties in different areas on the same image plane (one module or a CMOS chip can integrate cameras of multiple focal lengths at the same time), or can also receive external light information while displaying. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] One embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 As shown, it is an optical device / module, comprising an object plane 10, a device 20 and a modulator 305. An LCD screen is arranged on the object plane, and the object plane is divided into two areas 101 and 102, and a modulator 305 (1 / 2 wave plate) is attached to the area 102. The device 20 is composed of two sub-devices 21 and 22 (resin or glass materials), and the sub-devices 21 and 22 are glued together through the interface (surface 201). Surface 201 is a selective transmission and reflection surface 1 (light splitting / light combining surface), on which a polarized reflection film is prepared (such as 3M's APF or IQPE film, which can be prepared on the sub-device 21, or can also be prepared on the sub-device 22), and the polarized reflection film transmits light in the P polarization direction and reflects light in the S polarization direction. The surface 202 of the sub-device 21 is a reflection or selective transmission and reflection surface 2, on which a reflection film (metal reflection film or high reflectivity dielectric reflection film) is prepared. The light emitted by the LCD screen is P polarized light relative to the surface 201, and the light emitted from the area 101 will directly pass through the surface 201. The modulation device 305 (1 / 2 wave plate) is arranged before the area 102. The light emitted by this part of the screen will be modulated into S polarized light after passing through the 1 / 2 wave plate, and will be reflected by the reflection surface 202 and enter the incident surface 201 (polarized reflection surface). After being reflected, it will be combined with the light emitted by the area 101 (after combining, the light emitted by the areas 101 and 102 can be displayed at the same horizontal and vertical spatial position, or at a position offset by a certain distance, such as the light of the area 101 is on the upper side of the image area, and the light of the area 102 is on the lower side of the image area). The device / module in this example can be used as a multi-focal PGU (Picture Generation Unit) of the automotive HUD. Since from the output end, the device outputs two lights with different object planes at different distances (the light emitted by the areas 101 and 102 has different optical paths after combining, that is, the equivalent object plane distances are different), therefore, combined with the subsequent optical path (such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 40), a pixel (in this case, an LCD screen, which can also be replaced by a projection module such as LCOS, DMD, or an OLED and Micro LED screen, etc.) and a set of optical machines (a projection system, a set of lenses / reflectors, etc.) can be used to realize a multi-focal plane HUD system, thereby reducing the product volume and reducing costs. In the above embodiment, the sub-device 21 can be split into two sub-devices (in some embodiments, it can also be one device, then there is no Figure 1 The interface 207 in the manufacturing process is manufactured. At this time, the sub-device has an interface ( Figure 1 In the embodiment of the present invention, the modulating device 305 (1 / 2 wave plate) can be arranged between the surfaces 201 and 202. By splitting the sub-device 21 into two sub-devices (such as Figure 1 In one variation of this embodiment, a film that transmits and reflects according to the energy ratio may be prepared on the surface 201 (selective transmission and reflection surface), such as a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective film (50% transmission, 50% reflection). In this case, the light emitted from the object surface does not need to be polarized light. In another variation, a wavelength-selective film may be prepared on the selective transmission and reflection surface 201, such as a film that transmits blue and green light (such as a wavelength less than 600nm) and reflects red light (such as a wavelength greater than 600nm). Only blue-green light is emitted from area 101, and only red light is emitted from area 102. The above-mentioned device can also be applied in reverse according to the principle of reversible optical path, replacing the object surface with the image surface (placed with CMOS, CCD, optical sensor, etc.) to become a photography and video module.

[0044] like Figure 2 In one embodiment shown, the optical device includes a selective transmission reflection surface 1 (surface 201), a reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 (surface 202), and a reflection surface 3 (surface 301 on the device 30). In this embodiment, the object plane 10 is divided into two regions 101 and 102. The P polarized light emitted from the region 101 passes through the surface 201 (polarized reflection surface), and the P polarized light emitted from the region 102 is reflected by the surface 202 (selective transmission reflection surface, 202 is also prepared with a polarized reflection film, but the polarization direction is set perpendicular to the polarized reflection film on the other 101, and the light emitted from the region 102 is transmitted S and reflected P) and then enters the surface 302. A 1 / 4 wave plate is prepared on the surface 302. After the light is transmitted, it becomes circularly polarized light and enters the device 30. After being reflected by the surface 301 on the device 30, it enters the surface 302 again. After passing through the 1 / 4 wave plate, the polarization line becomes S, and then passes through the surface 202 and enters the surface 201. After being reflected, it is combined with the light emitted from the region 101. In this example, the surface 301 can also be directly prepared on the surface 302, so there is no need for an additional device 30. The advantage of adding the device 30 is that the device 30 can be used as a light modulation device to further modulate the incident light. For example, the device 30 can be a curved reflector (such as Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 ), further, the device 30 may also be a dynamic modulation device (such as a reflective spatial light modulator, time dynamic focusing, light field display and other functions), a planar super lens / super reflector, etc. In addition, an adjustment mechanism, such as a VCM motor, etc., may be added to 30 to dynamically change the spatial position of the device 30 and the device 20 to achieve the purpose of dynamic focusing.

[0045] In a variation of the above embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the object plane is divided into two areas 101 and 102, and there is a gap between the areas 101 and 102. Imaging devices can be respectively set on the areas 101 and 102, such as two independent LCD screens, or the same LCD screen but the gap area does not display an image (or displays a black image), or the same projection system (such as LCoS, DLP, MEMS Scanner system, etc., such as Figure 4 106 in the figure) and independent projection screens (diffusion films) are respectively arranged on regions 101 and 102. Device 20 can be composed of four right-angle prisms, wherein surface 201 is a selective transmissive reflective surface 1, on which a polarized reflective film is prepared (e.g., transmitting P light and reflecting S light), surface 202 is a selective transmissive reflective surface 2, on which a polarized reflective film is prepared, and the polarized transmissive reflective setting is the same as that of surface 201 (e.g., transmitting P light and reflecting S light), and a 1 / 2 wave plate is prepared on surface 207. The light emitted from regions 101 and 102 is polarized light. The light emitted from region 101 is emitted after passing through surface 201, and the light emitted from region 102 is emitted from surface 302 after being reflected by surface 202. A quarter wave plate is prepared on surface 302, and then it enters device 30 (a curved reflector, and a lens may be further added to device 30 to form a lens reflector group to further modulate the light). After being modulated and reflected, it passes through the quarter wave plate on surface 302 again, passes through surface 202 after the polarization direction is changed, and then passes through the half wave plate on surface 207. After the polarization direction is changed again, it is reflected by surface 201. The two prisms on both sides of surface 207 may also have a gap in the middle, and other modulation devices (lenses, etc.) may be added. In a modified example of this embodiment, Fig.14 As shown, the polarization setting of the light emitted from regions 101 and 102 when entering the device 20 can also be that the light emitted from region 101 is S light, the light emitted from region 102 is modulated by device 305 (which can be attached to the corresponding area of ​​​​the surface 203) to become P light incident on the device 20, and the light emitted from region 102 is reflected by the reflecting surface 202 and passes through the surface 201 and the photosynthesis path emitted by region 101 reflected by the surface 201, and then emitted from the surface 206 of the device 20.

[0046] Figure 2 In a variation of the embodiment shown, Fig.13As shown, polarized reflective films are prepared on both the selective transmission reflection surface 1 (surface 201) and the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface 2 (surface 202), and the polarized reflective films on the surfaces 201 and 202 have the same polarization settings (both transmit P light and reflect S light). The light emitted from regions 101 and 102 is P polarized light, which can pass through surfaces 201 and 202. The light emitted from region 102 passes through surface 202 and enters device 30 from surface 302. A 1 / 4 wave plate is prepared on surface 302. Reflection surface 3 is located on surface 301 of device 30. The light is reflected and modulated by device 30 and then enters surface 202 again. Since the polarization direction is changed to S light, it will be reflected by surface 202 and enter surface 201 this time. After being reflected by surface 201, it will combine with the light emitted from region 101.

[0047] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the optical device further comprises a subsequent modulation device (device 40, which may be a conventional geometric optical system, such as a projection lens, a camera lens, a reflector of a HUD, and a car windshield, etc.) to further modulate the light emitted by the device (10, 20, 30). Figure 6 As shown, the subsequent modulation device (device 40) includes a lens / lens group 401, a prism 402 (triangular / wedge-shaped waveguide, which may include a flat surface and a curved surface), and a reflector 403 (at least one surface is a curved surface), which can further modulate the light output from the device. Figure 7 As shown, the application may be a HUD application, wherein the light emitted by the device (10, 20, 30) is output to 401, 402 of the subsequent modulation device (401 and 402 may be as shown in FIG. Figure 6 The device shown can also be Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it also includes a reflective surface 403), which is modulated and incident on the car windshield (404), and part of the energy is reflected and then imaged. Since the light emitted by different areas 101 and 102 of the object surface undergoes different optical paths in the device (20, 30), relative to the subsequent modulation device (device 40), it is equivalent to a different position of the object surface (different back intercept, different focusing distance), so the viewer will be able to see images at different distances, for example, the light emitted by area 102 (the displayed image) forms a virtual image at a distance of 15 meters, and the light emitted by area 101 (the displayed image) forms a virtual image at a distance of 2 meters, thereby realizing a multi-focal length HUD system using only one object surface (a screen / a set of projection light machines). In the present invention, the imaging position (horizontal or vertical direction) of images in different areas in space can be changed by setting the angle between the selectively transmitting and reflecting surface 1 and the reflecting or selectively transmitting and reflecting surface 2 (as well as its angle with the device surface), for example, it can be made Figure 7In the embodiment, the image presented at a distance of 2 meters is displayed at the bottom of the display area (close to the direction of the vehicle instrument panel), while the image imaged at a distance of 15 meters is presented above the display area (in the center of the road). Alternatively, in some applications, the above-mentioned angles can be designed so that the near and far images completely overlap in space (horizontally and vertically), for example, both are imaged in the center of the road.

[0048] One embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 8 As shown, the device 20 is composed of sub-devices 21 and 22. Sub-device 21 is a parallelogram prism, which can be made of glass (made by grinding and polishing or molding process) or resin (made by injection molding or grinding and polishing process), and sub-device 22 is a triangular prism, which is made of the same material as 21. A polarizing reflection film (or a wavelength selective reflection film, or a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film) is prepared on the selective transmission and reflection surface 1 (surface 201), and a dielectric or metal reflection film is prepared on the reflection or selective transmission and reflection surface 2 (surface 202). The difference from the previous embodiment is that the angle between the planes 201 and 202 and the plane corresponding to the object plane / image plane is relatively small, generally between 10 and 30 degrees ( Figure 1 The angle between the middle surfaces 201 and 202 and the plane corresponding to the object plane / image plane can be set to about 45°). The light emitted from the area 102 will be reflected or selectively transmitted by the reflection surface 2 (surface 202) and will first enter the Figure 8 Surface 203, because the angle is greater than the total reflection angle, the light will be totally reflected and reflected on surfaces 203 and 204 (in some cases, it can also be totally reflected on only surface 203 or 204, for example Fig. 9 , the light reflected from surface 203 will be directly reflected by surface 201 without experiencing total reflection on surface 204) and then enter surface 201 after several total reflections. After being reflected, it will be combined with the light emitted from area 101 and emitted. The advantage of such a design is that the thickness of the device can be thinned and the volume of the system can be reduced. In addition, by adjusting the angle between surfaces 201 and 202 during the design, the spatial position of the final image of the image displayed by areas 101 and 102 can also be controlled (such as controlling whether the images of the two areas in the horizontal and vertical directions are completely overlapped after being combined, or staggered in space. The depth of the image / virtual image is different due to the different optical paths of the light in the two areas of the device). In a variation of this embodiment, Fig.15 As shown, the light emitted from surface 102 can also pass through surface 201 after being totally reflected on surface 203 and / or 204, and the light emitted from region 101 can be combined with the light emitted from region 102 after being reflected by surface 201, and can be emitted from surface 206 after being totally reflected by surface 203 or 204 again (or the light emitted from regions 101 and 102 can be directly emitted from surface 206 after being combined by surface 101 without undergoing total reflection).

[0049] One embodiment of the present invention, as Fig.10 As shown, the light emitted from area 102 is reflected or selectively transmitted by reflection surface 2 (surface 202) and then enters surface 203, then exits device 20 from surface 205 after being reflected by surface 203, then enters device 20 again after being reflected by device 30, then passes through surface 202 and is totally reflected by surface 204 after being incident on selective reflection and transmission surface 1 (surface 201), then is reflected and outputted by the light combined path emitted from area 101. The above optical path can also be applied in reverse, by replacing the object plane with the image plane, so that two or more camera modules with different focal lengths can be integrated into one device with only one light inlet (applied in mobile phones, the number of panel openings can be reduced, and the system volume can be reduced). In this example, an angle-selective transmissive reflective film / interface (or a polarized reflective film or a wavelength-selective reflective film) can be prepared on surface 202. For example, surface 202 is a layer of low-refractive index medium (such as 10um thick and 1.34 refractive index), or surface 202 is an air gap. When the light emitted from region 102 reaches surface 202 for the first time, the incident angle of the remaining surfaces 202 is greater than the total reflection angle, and thus is reflected. When the above light is reflected by device 30 and then enters device 20 again and reaches surface 202, its incident angle to surface 202 is less than the total reflection angle, and thus can be transmitted from surface 202. In this example, surface 202 can also be coated with an anti-reflection film (the anti-reflection film can be coated on the device surfaces on both sides of the low-refractive index medium or air gap, and the anti-reflection film will not affect the totally reflected light), thereby increasing the transmittance of the transmitted light.

[0050] One embodiment of the present invention, as Fig.11 As shown, the object plane 10 is divided into three regions 101, 102, and 103. The selective transmission reflection surface 1 in this example is composed of two sub-surfaces ( Fig.11Surfaces 2011 and 2012 in the device 20 are provided. Reflective films with polarization-selective properties or reflective films with wavelength-selective properties (e.g., surface 2011 reflects light with a wavelength below 500 nm, and surface 2012 reflects light with a wavelength above 600 nm) can be prepared on surfaces 2011 and 2012. Reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface 2 is also composed of two sub-surfaces (surface 2021 and surface 2022). Polarized reflective films or films that transmit and reflect light in proportion to energy (e.g., semi-transparent and semi-reflective) can be prepared on surfaces 2021 and 2022. In this example, the light emitted from region 101 is emitted from device 20 through surfaces 2011 and 2012. The light emitted from region 102 is reflected by surface 2021 (selective reflective surface) and then enters reflective surface 3 (surface 3011). After being reflected, it enters surface 2021 again and is transmitted. After propagating for a distance in device 20, it enters surface 2011 and then is reflected and combined with the light emitted from region 101. The light emitted from region 103 is reflected by the selective reflection surface 2022 and then enters the reflection surface 3 (3012). After being reflected, it enters the surface 2022 again and is transmitted. After propagating for a distance in the device 20, it enters the surface 2012 and is reflected and combined with the light emitted from region 101. In this example, the object plane is divided into three regions, and the light in each region undergoes a different optical path (surfaces 102 and 103 are incident on the modulation devices 31 and 32 respectively, and 31 and 32 can be lenses and reflector groups with different focal lengths). Therefore, the images of the three regions after combining can have different optical properties (such as focal length, imaging distance, etc.), so that three regions on an object plane (screen) present images of different properties (such as a three-focal plane display). This embodiment can also replace one or more object planes with an image plane (such as using photosensitive imaging devices such as CMOS and CCD) to achieve the function of a multi-focal length camera, such as for mobile phones and AR / VR devices, a lens opening visible to the outside world ( Fig.11 The positions where the middle light rays 111, 112, 113 are output are openings visible to the outside world, or Figure 5 A lens or a lens group is set at the position of the middle device 40 to receive external light), and it is equipped with 2 to 3 camera modules with different focal lengths, or a module that realizes the display and photography functions at the same time (the projection display and photography systems are optically coaxial, which is beneficial to AR / VR or HUD applications such as virtual image and real scene fitting, spatial perception and eye tracking).

[0051] One embodiment of the present invention, as Fig.12 As shown, there are two object planes, wherein the first object plane is divided into two regions 101 and 102, and the third object plane is an independent region 103. The light propagation in regions 101 and 102 is similar to Figure 2The light in region 103 enters device 20 and is reflected by reflective or selectively reflective transmissive surface 2 (surface 202) (it may be reflected due to properties such as polarization or wavelength), and then is reflected by selectively transmissive reflective surface 1 (surface 101), and then is combined with the light emitted from regions 101 and 102 for output.

[0052] Based on the principle of reversible optical paths, the optical paths of all the above embodiments can be applied in reverse, that is, by replacing the image plane with the object plane, the same device can be used for projection display or photography / light sensing at the same time.

[0053] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0054] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. An optical device, characterized in that: It comprises at least two surfaces: a selectively transmissive reflective surface (1) and a reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface (2); wherein, The optical device further comprises at least one object plane; the object plane is divided into a plurality of regions, light emitted from one region passes through the selective transmission reflection surface (1) and is emitted from the optical device, light emitted from another region enters the reflective or selective transmission reflection surface (2), is incident on the selective transmission reflection surface (1) after propagation, and is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface (1); or light emitted from one region is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface (1), light emitted from another region enters the reflective or selective transmission reflection surface (2), is incident on the selective transmission reflection surface (1) after propagation, and is transmitted from the selective transmission reflection surface (1); And / or the device further comprises at least one image plane; the image plane is divided into a plurality of regions, part of the input light is incident on one region of the image plane after passing through the selective transmission reflection surface (1), another part of the input light is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface (1) and then incident on the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface (2), and then incident on another region of the image plane after propagation; or part of the input light is reflected by the selective transmission reflection surface (1) and then incident on one region of the image plane, another part of the input light is transmitted from the selective transmission reflection surface (1) and then incident on the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface (2), and then incident on another region of the image plane after propagation.

2. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a reflecting surface (3); wherein, The light emitted from the other area is reflected / transmitted by the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface (2) and then propagates to the reflective surface (3), is reflected by the reflective surface (3) and then propagates to the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface (2), is transmitted / reflected from the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface (2) and is reflected or transmitted by the selectively transmissive reflective surface (1) and then exits from the optical device; And / or the input light reflected or transmitted by the selectively reflective surface (1) propagates to the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface (2), propagates to the reflective surface (3) after transmission / reflection, propagates to the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface (2) after being reflected and is reflected / transmitted, and is output to another area of ​​the image plane after propagation.

3. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selective transflective surface (1) reflects or transmits light according to at least one of the following properties of the light: polarization, wavelength, incident angle, energy or phase.

4. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selective transmission and reflection surface (1) is prepared with one or more of the following films: polarized reflection film, wavelength selective reflection film, angle selective reflection film, reflection film with specific reflection and transmission energy ratio, microstructure film, grating film, super surface film, low refractive index medium or film, refractive index zone changing film, anti-reflection film / anti-reflection film.

5. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical device also includes a light modulation device, which is one or more of a lens, a reflector, a spatial light modulator, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid lens, a metasurface, a superlens, a grating, a prism / lens / reflector array, a cylindrical mirror, a prism, a wave plate, and a polarizer.

6. The optical device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A light modulator is included between the selective transmission reflection surface (1) and the reflection or selective transmission reflection surface (2); and / or the light modulator is included between the selective transmission reflection surface (2) and the reflection surface (3); The optical modulation device is one or more of a lens, a reflector, a spatial light modulator, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid lens, a metasurface, a superlens, a grating, a prism / lens / reflector array, a cylindrical mirror, a prism, a wave plate, and a polarizer.

7. The optical device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The light modulation device can dynamically adjust the light.

8. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical device also includes an adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the distance between the components.

9. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical device also includes a display imaging device, and the display imaging device is one or more of the following: LCD, LED, Micro LED, OLED, Micro OLED, LCoS projection system, DLP projection system, MEMS SCANNER projection system, CRT.

10. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical device also includes a light receiving imaging device and / or a light sensor, and the light receiving imaging device and / or the light sensor is one or more of the following: CMOS, CCD, film, PD, PD array, APD, APD array, SPAD, light intensity sensor, color temperature / chromaticity sensor.

11. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light rays respectively transmitted and reflected by the selective transmission and reflection surface (1) undergo different optical paths when they are emitted from the optical device; or the light rays respectively transmitted and reflected by the selective transmission and reflection surface (1) undergo different optical paths when they reach the image plane.

12. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Light that is at least partially reflected and / or transmitted by the reflective or selectively transmissive reflective surface (2) undergoes at least one total reflection on the surface of the optical device; and / or light that is at least partially reflected and / or transmitted by the selectively transmissive reflective surface (1) undergoes at least one total reflection on the surface of the optical device.

13. An optical system, characterized in that: An optical device comprising any one of claims 1-12.

14. An optical device, characterized in that: The optical device comprises any one of claims 1 to 12, or the optical system comprises the optical system of claim 13.

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