Supercritical water transient spraying control method and system integrating multiple physical factors

Abstract

The invention provides a control method and system for supercritical water transient blow-off by integrating multiple physical factors, and relates to the technical field of supercritical water transient blow-off prediction.The method comprises the steps that detection values of multiple physical quantities under the supercritical water transient blow-off condition are collected; performing dimensionless processing on the detection value of each physical quantity to obtain a dimensionless detection value; calculating an error between the dimensionless detection value of each physical quantity and a preset value, and determining a comprehensive error according to the error of each physical quantity; and a corresponding control signal is determined according to the comprehensive error, and the opening degree of the valve is adjusted according to the control signal. The embodiment of the invention is suitable for dynamic control in the real-time operation process of the reactor, adopts multi-physical-quantity combined control, realizes dynamic control on transient blow-out of supercritical water from multiple angles, and adopts the design of multi-physical-quantity error integration and a single controller, so that the dynamic control on the transient blow-out of the supercritical water is realized. And control signal disorder, system redundancy and complexity caused by various control systems are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of supercritical water transient spraying prediction, and in particular to a control method and system for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors. Background Art

[0002] Supercritical water is used as a coolant and moderator in supercritical water reactors. Due to its high thermal conductivity, large specific heat capacity, high density, and fluidity close to that of gas, it has the characteristics of efficient heat exchange and the function of improving reactor power. However, the transient discharge of supercritical water will cause huge fluctuations in temperature, pressure, flow rate and power in the reactor, which will have a serious impact on the safe operation of the reactor. By controlling the transient discharge of supercritical water, the fluctuations in temperature, pressure, flow rate and power in the reactor can be effectively improved, and the safety and stability of reactor operation can be improved.

[0003] Existing control technologies for supercritical water transient spraying mainly focus on the design and improvement of nozzle shape, aperture and spray angle, the design of negative feedback control systems for single physical quantities such as single temperature or pressure, and the joint control of multiple control systems.

[0004] With respect to the above existing control technologies, the nozzle is designed before the reactor is put into operation. By designing and improving the control technology of the nozzle, there is a lack of negative feedback control, a control strategy for the real-time operation of the reactor; the temperature, pressure, flow and power fluctuations in the reactor are greatly affected by the transient release of supercritical water. The design of a negative feedback control system for a single physical quantity such as a single temperature or pressure lacks a control strategy for multiple physical quantities, and the joint control of multiple control systems has problems such as disorder of different control signals and complex system. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors, including: collecting detection values ​​of multiple physical quantities under supercritical water transient spraying; the physical quantities include temperature, pressure, flow rate, and power; performing dimensionless processing on the detection values ​​of each of the physical quantities to obtain a dimensionless detection value; calculating the error between the dimensionless detection value of each of the physical quantities and a preset value, and determining a comprehensive error based on the error of each of the physical quantities; determining a corresponding control signal based on the comprehensive error, and adjusting the opening of the valve based on the control signal.

[0006] The control method for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors provided in an embodiment of the present invention is suitable for dynamic control during real-time operation of a reactor. It adopts the joint control of multiple physical quantities to realize dynamic control of the transient spraying of supercritical water from multiple angles. It adopts the design of multi-physical quantity error synthesis and a single controller to reduce control signal disorder, system redundancy and complexity caused by multiple control systems.

[0007] Optionally, determining the comprehensive error based on the errors of each of the physical quantities includes: using an error synthesis method of averaging multiple physical quantity errors to calculate the comprehensive errors of each of the physical quantities; or using an error synthesis method of maximum physical quantity error to calculate the comprehensive errors of each of the physical quantities.

[0008] In the embodiment of the present invention, the comprehensive errors of multiple physical quantities are comprehensively considered during error design, and the control signal disorder and system redundancy are reduced through error synthesis.

[0009] Optionally, determining the comprehensive error based on the errors of each of the physical quantities includes: using an error-weighted error synthesis method to calculate the comprehensive errors of each of the physical quantities; the weight coefficient of the error of at least one of the physical quantities is greater than the weight coefficients of the errors of other physical quantities.

[0010] When the error-weighted error synthesis method is used in the embodiment of the present invention, the weight coefficient of the error of at least one physical quantity can be set to be greater than the weight coefficients of the errors of other physical quantities, thereby increasing the influence of one of the physical quantities on the control.

[0011] Optionally, the calculation formula of the comprehensive error is one of the following: ; ; ;

[0012] in, e is the comprehensive error, X 0 ´ is the dimensionless processing result of the preset values ​​of each physical quantity, X i ´ is the dimensionless processing result of the detection value of each physical quantity, n is the number of physical quantities, α i is the weight coefficient of each physical quantity.

[0013] The embodiment of the present invention provides a plurality of calculation formulas for comprehensive errors, which can obtain comprehensive errors and reduce control signal disorder and system redundancy caused by various control systems.

[0014] Optionally, determining a corresponding control signal according to the comprehensive error includes: determining a control signal corresponding to the comprehensive error based on PID control, model predictive control or sliding mode control.

[0015] In the embodiment of the present invention, the control signal is determined based on the comprehensive error, and a single control signal is used to control the valve, which can reduce the disorder of the control signal.

[0016] Optionally, adjusting the opening of the valve according to the control signal includes: determining and adjusting the opening of the valve according to the control signal and a mathematical model of the valve.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present invention, the opening of the valve can be adjusted based on the control signal to achieve flow control of supercritical water transient spraying.

[0018] Optionally, a calculation formula for determining a control signal corresponding to the comprehensive error based on PID control is as follows:

[0019] in, u(t) is the control signal, e(t) is the error at the current moment, t For time, K p is the proportionality coefficient, K I is the integration coefficient, K D is the differential coefficient.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present invention, a control signal is determined based on PID control, so that the opening of the valve is adjusted through an error output control law.

[0021] Optionally, the dimensionless processing is a normalization processing.

[0022] In the embodiment of the present invention, normalization processing can be specifically used to perform dimensionless processing, thereby meeting the needs of integrating multiple errors.

[0023] Optionally, after adjusting the opening of the valve according to the control signal, the method further comprises: collecting detection values ​​of each of the physical quantities after adjustment, and performing an operation test according to the detection values ​​of each of the physical quantities after adjustment.

[0024] In the embodiment of the present invention, the control method described above may be subjected to an operation test to determine the current dynamic control effect.

[0025] The embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors, including: an acquisition module, used to acquire detection values ​​of multiple physical quantities in the case of supercritical water transient spraying; the physical quantities include temperature, pressure, flow, and power; a dimensionless module, used to perform dimensionless processing on the detection values ​​of each of the physical quantities to obtain a dimensionless detection value; an error synthesis module, used to calculate the error between the dimensionless detection value of each of the physical quantities and a preset value, and determine a comprehensive error according to the error of each of the physical quantities; a valve control module, used to determine a corresponding control signal according to the comprehensive error, and adjust the opening of the valve according to the control signal.

[0026] The control system for supercritical water transient spraying integrating multiple physical factors according to the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the same technical effect as the control method for supercritical water transient spraying integrating multiple physical factors described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the principle of a control technology for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a control method for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a control system for transient supercritical water spraying that integrates multiple physical factors provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors, and realizes a control technology that integrates multiple physical factors, has negative feedback, and a single control signal.

[0031] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the principle of the control technology of supercritical water transient spraying based on multiple physical factors provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the set values ​​of various physical quantities inside the reactor are pre-set, the detection equipment detects the detection values ​​of various physical quantities inside the reactor, and compares the errors between each detection value and the corresponding set values. The controller outputs the control quantity to the valve based on the error. After the valve is adjusted, the physical quantities inside the reactor are changed, and then the above-mentioned detection equipment performs real-time detection.

[0032] In this embodiment, according to the error between the detected values ​​of various physical quantities in the reactor and the preset values, the controller outputs the control quantity to control the opening of the valve, thereby realizing the control of the flow rate of the transient spraying of supercritical water.

[0033] Compared with the design and improvement of the nozzle, the control method of supercritical water transient spraying based on comprehensive multi-physical factors provided in this embodiment is suitable for dynamic control during the real-time operation of the reactor, rather than the static design of nozzle design improvement before the reactor operation.

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a control method for supercritical water transient spraying integrating multiple physical factors provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the method comprises: S202, collecting detection values ​​of multiple physical quantities in the case of supercritical water transient spraying. Optionally, the above physical quantities include temperature, pressure, flow rate, power, etc.

[0035] In this embodiment, the combined control of multiple physical quantities is adopted, and the changes of multiple physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, power, etc. caused by the transient spraying of supercritical water in the reactor are comprehensively considered to realize dynamic control of the transient spraying of supercritical water from multiple angles.

[0036] S204, performing dimensionless processing on the detection values ​​of each physical quantity to obtain dimensionless detection values.

[0037] In this embodiment, the design criterion for the error of multiple physical quantities inside the reactor is: the transient release of supercritical water causes changes in multiple physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, and power inside the reactor. Therefore, the comprehensive errors of multiple physical quantities are comprehensively considered when performing error design.

[0038] Due to the comprehensive consideration of the comprehensive errors of multiple physical quantities, it is necessary to perform dimensionless processing on multiple physical quantities inside the reactor. The dimensionless processing can specifically be a normalization processing or the like.

[0039] Exemplarily, formula (1) shows the normalization processing method adopted in this embodiment. X Indicates various physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, power, etc. inside the reactor. X´ Indicates the dimensionless processing result of each physical quantity. According to the reactor design standard, during the operation of the reactor, the maximum value of the allowed variation range of each physical quantity isX max and minimum value X min Normalize.

[0040] (1) The above-mentioned normalization method of multiple physical quantities is to convert the minimum and maximum values ​​of the physical quantities to 0-1 through linear conversion according to the allowable range of variation of each physical quantity. In addition to this conversion method, multiple normalization methods such as Z-score, unit vector normalization, and quantile normalization can also be used.

[0041] S206, calculating the error between the dimensionless detection value of each physical quantity and a preset value, and determining a comprehensive error according to the error of each physical quantity.

[0042] Compared with the joint control of multiple control systems, this embodiment focuses on the multi-physical quantity error synthesis method, and reduces the control signal disorder and system redundancy complexity caused by multiple control systems through error synthesis and the design of a single controller. Among them, the preset value is the dimensionless processing result of the set value of each physical quantity.

[0043] According to the different allowable requirements of the reactor, this embodiment provides a variety of different error synthesis methods. For example, in general, the error synthesis method of multi-physical quantity error averaging or the error synthesis method of the maximum physical quantity error can be adopted; in the case of specific operating requirements, the error weighting error synthesis method can be adopted. Specifically, for example, when it is necessary to strengthen the control of temperature, the weight coefficient of temperature can be increased. Based on this, if the error weighting error synthesis method is adopted, when calculating the comprehensive error of each physical quantity, the weight coefficient of the error of at least one physical quantity is greater than the weight coefficient of the error of other physical quantities, thereby increasing the influence of one of the physical quantities on the control.

[0044] The calculation formula of the comprehensive error is one of the following: (2) (3) (4) (5) in, e is the comprehensive error, X 0 ´ is the dimensionless processing result of the preset values ​​of each physical quantity, X i ´ is the dimensionless processing result of the detection value of each physical quantity, n is the number of physical quantities,α i is the weight coefficient of each physical quantity.

[0045] The above formulas (2)-(4) provide three different error synthesis methods, namely, multi-physical quantity error averaging method, multi-physical quantity error weighting method and maximum physical quantity error method.

[0046] The above formula (5) gives the expression of the sgn function. The sgn function is a sign function used to retain the positive and negative signs of the error. When calculating the maximum value of the absolute value of the error in formula (4), the positive and negative conditions of the error will be eliminated. In this embodiment, the sgn function can be used to retain it.

[0047] Optionally, in terms of error synthesis methods, in addition to the above three methods, similar methods can also be used, such as calculating the absolute error based on formula (2) and formula (3), and the error sign is comprehensively determined by formula (5).

[0048] S208, determining a corresponding control signal according to the above comprehensive error, and adjusting the opening of the valve according to the control signal.

[0049] The controller adjusts the valve opening by using the error output control law. Optionally, the control signal corresponding to the comprehensive error is determined based on PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control, model predictive control or sliding mode control.

[0050] For example, the mathematical expression of the control signal corresponding to the comprehensive error determined based on PID control is as follows: (6) in, u(t) is the control signal, e(t) is the error at the current moment, t For time, K p is the proportionality coefficient, K I is the integration coefficient, K D is the differential coefficient, is the cumulative error since the start of the reactor operation, is the error change rate at the current moment.

[0051] Taking the above PID control as an example, the controller output control law is u(t) , according to the mathematical model of the valve k=f(u) , will control the law u Convert to valve opening k , where the mathematical model of the valve is determined by the specific valve model.

[0052] In the design of PID controller, P control and PI control can be used. The two control methods respectively change the parameters in formula (6) to K I and K D Set to 0.

[0053] Furthermore, after adjusting the opening of the valve according to the control signal, the method may further include: collecting the detection values ​​of the adjusted physical quantities, and performing an operation test according to the detection values ​​of the adjusted physical quantities. Through the actual operation test, the current dynamic control effect can be determined.

[0054] The control method for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors provided by an embodiment of the present invention is suitable for dynamic control during the real-time operation of a reactor. It adopts the joint control of multiple physical quantities to comprehensively consider the changes in multiple physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, power, etc. caused by the transient spraying of supercritical water in the reactor, and realizes dynamic control of the transient spraying of supercritical water from multiple angles. It adopts the design of multi-physical quantity error synthesis and a single controller, thereby reducing the control signal disorder, system redundancy and complexity caused by multiple control systems.

[0055] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the control system for supercritical water transient spraying integrating multiple physical factors provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the system includes: The acquisition module 301 is used to acquire the detection values ​​of multiple physical quantities in the case of supercritical water transient spraying; the physical quantities include temperature, pressure, flow rate, and power; A dimensionless processing module 302 is used to perform dimensionless processing on the detection values ​​of each of the physical quantities to obtain dimensionless detection values; An error synthesis module 303 is used to calculate the error between the dimensionless detection value of each of the physical quantities and a preset value, and to determine a comprehensive error according to the error of each of the physical quantities; The valve control module 304 is used to determine a corresponding control signal according to the comprehensive error, and adjust the opening of the valve according to the control signal.

[0056] The control system for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for dynamic control during the real-time operation of the reactor. It adopts the joint control of multiple physical quantities to comprehensively consider the changes in multiple physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, power, etc. caused by the transient spraying of supercritical water in the reactor, and realizes dynamic control of the transient spraying of supercritical water from multiple angles. It adopts the design of multi-physical quantity error integration and a single controller, thereby reducing the control signal disorder, system redundancy and complexity caused by multiple control systems.

[0057] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is read and executed by a processor, the method provided in the above embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it is not described here. The computer-readable storage medium is, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0058] Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by instructing the control device through a computer, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it may include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments, wherein the storage medium may be a memory, a disk, an optical disk, etc.

[0059] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

[0060] In this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements. The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0061] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A control method for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors, characterized in that: include: Collecting the detection values ​​of multiple physical quantities in the case of supercritical water transient spraying; the physical quantities include temperature, pressure, flow rate, and power; Performing dimensionless processing on the detection values ​​of each of the physical quantities to obtain dimensionless detection values; Calculating the error between the dimensionless detection value of each of the physical quantities and a preset value, and determining a comprehensive error based on the error of each of the physical quantities; A corresponding control signal is determined according to the comprehensive error, and the opening of the valve is adjusted according to the control signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the comprehensive error according to the errors of the physical quantities comprises: Using an error synthesis method of multi-physical quantity error averaging to calculate the comprehensive error of each of the physical quantities; or, The error synthesis method of the maximum physical quantity error is adopted to calculate the comprehensive errors of the physical quantities.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the comprehensive error according to the errors of the physical quantities comprises: An error-weighted error synthesis method is adopted to calculate the comprehensive errors of the physical quantities; the weight coefficient of the error of at least one of the physical quantities is greater than the weight coefficients of the errors of the other physical quantities.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation formula of the comprehensive error is one of the following: ； ； ; in, e is the comprehensive error, X 0 ´ is the dimensionless processing result of the preset values ​​of each physical quantity, X i ´ is the dimensionless processing result of the detection value of each physical quantity, n is the number of physical quantities, α i is the weight coefficient of each physical quantity.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining a corresponding control signal according to the comprehensive error comprises: A control signal corresponding to the comprehensive error is determined based on PID control, model predictive control or sliding mode control.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The step of adjusting the opening of the valve according to the control signal comprises: The opening of the valve is determined and adjusted according to the control signal and the mathematical model of the valve.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The calculation formula for determining the control signal corresponding to the comprehensive error based on PID control is as follows: in, u(t) is the control signal, e(t) is the error at the current moment, t For time, K p is the proportionality coefficient, K I is the integration coefficient, K D is the differential coefficient.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The dimensionless processing is a normalization processing.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: After adjusting the opening of the valve according to the control signal, the method further includes: The adjusted detection values ​​of the physical quantities are collected, and an operation test is performed according to the adjusted detection values ​​of the physical quantities.

10. A control system for supercritical water transient spraying that integrates multiple physical factors, characterized in that: include: A collection module, used to collect the detection values ​​of multiple physical quantities in the case of supercritical water transient spraying; the physical quantities include temperature, pressure, flow rate, and power; A dimensionless module, used for performing dimensionless processing on the detection values ​​of each of the physical quantities to obtain dimensionless detection values; An error synthesis module, used for calculating the error between the dimensionless detection value of each of the physical quantities and a preset value, and determining a comprehensive error according to the error of each of the physical quantities; The valve control module is used to determine a corresponding control signal according to the comprehensive error, and adjust the opening of the valve according to the control signal.

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