AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method

Abstract

The invention discloses an AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method, which comprises the following steps of: establishing an altitude valve aerodynamic performance structure simulation model by adopting AMESim simulation software; comprising an air inlet check valve function simulation module, an inflation valve and throttling function simulation module, an exhaust valve and throttling function simulation module and a horizontal valve rod and equal-width cam driving mechanism function simulation module. According to the method, elements and parameters of each simulation module in the simulation model are set according to the function requirements of the altitude valve, simulation is performed based on the altitude valve aerodynamic performance structure simulation model, and the influence of the internal structure size and parameters of the altitude valve on the inflation and exhaust performance of the altitude valve is analyzed; whether a throttle gap between a valve element push rod and a valve body of the altitude valve, a push rod inflation / exhaust stroke, an equal-width cam curve and a corner parameter can meet the requirements for the inflation and exhaust functions of the altitude valve in the vehicle running process or not is determined, and then a basis is provided for maintenance, fault analysis, improvement and optimization of the altitude valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fluid transmission and control simulation, and in particular to an AMESim-based method for simulating and modeling aerodynamic performance of a height valve. Background Art

[0002] Domestic subway vehicles generally use height valves to control the inflation and exhaust of vehicle air springs to prevent the car plane from fluctuating due to changes in passenger volume, thus affecting the safety of passengers getting on and off the car. The suspension system (also known as the height adjustment system) composed of height valves and air springs in subway vehicles can keep the height difference between the car plane and the platform plane within a certain tolerance range to ensure the safety of passengers getting on and off the car.

[0003] When the subway car is at the set height (relatively flush with the platform plane), the horizontal valve stem of the height valve is in the neutral position, and the valve core assembly of the height valve remains closed. At this time, the air spring is neither inflated nor exhausted. When the passenger capacity of the subway vehicle changes and the height of the car changes accordingly, the height valve will move up and down with the height of the car, and the horizontal valve stem of the height valve will drive the drive shaft assembly to rotate and swing, thereby driving the valve core push rod assembly to move up and down to control the opening or closing of the valve port inside the height valve to inflate or exhaust the air spring. When the passenger capacity of the vehicle is large and the car is lowered under the weight of the passengers, the horizontal valve stem of the height valve drives the drive shaft to rotate to one side. At this time, the air intake valve port opens, and the total air of the train inflates the air spring through the height valve, forcing the car to rise; when the passenger capacity of the vehicle is small and the car floats up under the action of the air spring, the horizontal valve stem of the height valve drives the drive shaft to rotate to the other side. At this time, the exhaust valve port opens, and the air spring exhausts to the outside through the height valve, and the height of the car decreases. In this way, the height difference between the car plane and the platform plane is maintained constant.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application CN113032900A discloses a method for simulating the dynamic characteristics of an air suspension taking into account the filling and deflation of a height valve. An air spring model and a height valve model under the action of filling and deflation are established in the simulation software Matlab / Simulink. Although the application mentions the relevant modeling software, it does not provide a modeling method for the height valve in a specific software, and does not mention how to use the pneumatic component library in the relevant software to simulate and model the height valve structure. Chinese invention patent application CN104076812A discloses a real-time simulation test device for a proportional reversing valve group, and constructs a proportional reversing valve group simulation model unit including an AMESim simulation software package, but does not involve how to establish a proportional reversing valve group simulation model in AMESim. Chinese invention patent application CN118393914A discloses a high-speed switch-type pilot stage simulation test system and method, based on a hardware-in-the-loop system built with LABVIEW, SIMULINK, and AMESim, by writing the control algorithm into a general controller, building a main valve model in SIMULINK, and building a hydraulic system for the main valve application in AMESim, but no software simulation is performed.

[0005] In order to meet the requirements of relevant industry standards on the filling and exhaust performance of the altitude valve, it is necessary to accurately design the internal structural dimension parameters of the altitude valve. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a simulation model of the aerodynamic performance of the altitude valve for simulation and further study the influence of the internal structural dimension design parameters of the altitude valve on the filling and exhaust performance of the altitude valve. Summary of the invention

[0006] The problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a method for simulating and modeling the aerodynamic performance of an altitude valve based on AMESim, to study the influence of the internal structural dimension design parameters of the altitude valve on the filling and exhaust performance of the altitude valve by constructing a simulation model of the aerodynamic performance of the altitude valve, and to further provide a basis for the maintenance and fault analysis of the altitude valve, as well as the improvement and optimization of the structural dimension and performance parameters of the altitude valve.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for simulating and modeling the aerodynamic performance of an altitude valve based on AMESim, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Use AMESim simulation software to establish a simulation model of the aerodynamic performance structure of the height valve, including: intake check valve function simulation module, inflation valve and throttling function simulation module, exhaust valve and throttling function simulation module, horizontal valve stem and equal-width cam drive mechanism function simulation module;

[0009] S2. According to the functional requirements of the altitude valve, set the components and parameters of each simulation module in the aerodynamic performance structure simulation model of the altitude valve;

[0010] Constructing an intake check valve function simulation module, including a first mass block element, a pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element, a first motion piston element, and a linear spring element connected in sequence;

[0011] Constructing an inflation valve and throttling function simulation module, including a second mass block element, a second motion piston element, a variable volume air chamber element, a first pneumatic sliding valve element, and a first pneumatic leakage element connected in sequence;

[0012] Constructing an exhaust valve and throttling function simulation module, including an elastic damping element, a second pneumatic sliding valve element, and a second pneumatic leakage element connected in sequence;

[0013] Construct a functional simulation module of a horizontal valve stem and equal-width cam drive mechanism, including a cam and cam follower group connected in sequence, a robotic arm, and a linear signal conversion element;

[0014] S3. Based on the pneumatic performance structure simulation model of the altitude valve, analyze the influence of the internal structure dimensions and parameters of the altitude valve on the filling and exhaust performance of the altitude valve, and determine whether the throttling clearance between the altitude valve core push rod and the valve body, the push rod filling / exhaust stroke, the equal-width cam curve and the angle parameters can meet the requirements for the inflation and exhaust functions of the altitude valve during vehicle operation.

[0015] Preferably, the height valve is used to control the filling and exhaust of the vehicle air spring, and comprises: a valve body, a valve core push rod, a horizontal valve stem, a cam drive shaft of equal width, a filter, a main valve core, a spring, and a secondary valve core;

[0016] The horizontal valve stem is connected to the equal-width cam drive shaft and swings together. The equal-width cam drive shaft drives the valve core push rod to move, control the opening and closing of the valve core, and inflate and exhaust the air spring; the spring and the secondary valve core together constitute an intake check valve to achieve a check effect on the intake airflow, that is, when the main valve core opens the air spring to inflate, the air pressure at the intake port overcomes the force of the spring to push open the secondary valve core to achieve inflation, and when the intake pressure at the intake port is reduced due to external pipeline or system leakage, the check valve is closed under the action of the spring, thereby ensuring that the pressure of the air spring will not drop due to external leakage; a throttling gap is also provided at the opening and closing of the valve end of the valve body and the valve core push rod.

[0017] Preferably, in the air intake check valve function simulation module, the first mass block element is used to simulate the mass of the air intake check valve core assembly and limit the motion displacement; the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element is provided with an air intake interface at the bottom to simulate the opening and closing form of the air intake check valve port, and the inlet of the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element is a height valve inlet, and the parameters include: piston rod diameter d r , piston diameter d f , the corresponding hole seat diameter of the valve body d iAnd the opening size x0 of the valve corresponding to zero displacement; by setting the parameters of the element, the air pressure action area on both sides of the intake check valve core and the minimum axial displacement size of the check valve opening can be simulated; the first moving piston element is used to simulate the movement of the intake check valve core assembly; the linear spring element connects the first moving piston element and the second mass block element, and is used to simulate the intake check valve opening spring parameters.

[0018] Preferably, in the inflation valve and throttling function simulation module, the second mass block element is used to simulate the mass of the main valve core assembly and limit the motion displacement; the second motion piston element is used to simulate the motion of the valve core push rod assembly; the variable volume air chamber element has multiple interfaces, which are respectively connected to the pneumatic baffle nozzle valve element, the linear spring element, the second motion piston element and the first pneumatic sliding valve element, and are used to simulate the required volume of the internal pneumatic chamber when the height valve is working; the first pneumatic sliding valve element has an orifice for simulating the opening and closing form of the main valve core, and the parameters include: the sliding valve shaft diameter d s , Sliding valve stem diameter d r1 And the opening size x of the valve corresponding to zero displacement. By setting the parameters of this component, the radial dimensions of the valve core push rod and the main valve core, as well as the minimum axial displacement size of the intake valve port opening can be simulated.

[0019] Preferably, in the inflation valve and throttling function simulation module, the outlet of the first pneumatic leakage element is connected to the air spring, which is used to simulate the intake throttling and control the inflation time of the height valve. The parameters include: the outer diameter d of the valve core push rod, the throttling gap size h and the throttling gap length l. The valve port state changes continuously during the filling and exhausting process of the height valve. The flow rate q flowing through the throttling gap of the height valve under different working conditions is different. When the pressure difference Δp between the inlet and outlet of the height valve is constant, the filling and exhaust flow rate q through the throttling gap of the valve port is obtained according to the parameter simulation of the first pneumatic leakage element:

[0020]

[0021] Where μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the flowing air.

[0022] Preferably, in the exhaust valve and throttling function simulation module, the elastic damping element is connected to the first pneumatic leakage element and the second pneumatic sliding valve element, and is used to simulate the elastic damping effect generated between the valve core push rod and the contact part during movement; the second pneumatic sliding valve element has an orifice, and the inlet is connected to the air spring, which is used to simulate the opening and closing form of the exhaust valve; the outlet of the second pneumatic leakage element is connected to the exhaust port, which is used to simulate exhaust throttling and control the exhaust time of the height valve.

[0023] Preferably, in the functional simulation module of the horizontal valve stem and equal-width cam driving mechanism, the cam and cam follower group takes the cam angle as input, and the corresponding displacement curve of the follower is used to simulate the mechanical input of the equal-width cam driving shaft of the height valve; the mechanical arm is used to simulate the working state of the horizontal valve stem of the height valve, and the length of the mechanical arm is set. The input is a linear motion displacement along a fixed direction to obtain the output cam angle; the linear signal conversion element is used to convert the input signal source data into the linear displacement of the horizontal valve stem, and the signal source data is used to simulate the relative displacement between the frame and the bogie frame.

[0024] Preferably, in step S3, based on the aerodynamic performance structure simulation model of the altitude valve, the input air source pressure parameters of the altitude valve are set at the altitude valve air inlet interface, the volume parameters are set in the air spring, the input signal source data parameters are set at the relative displacement signal input of the frame and the bogie frame, and converted into horizontal valve stem angle parameters, and fast charging simulation, fast exhaust simulation, slow charging simulation, and slow exhaust simulation are performed respectively. After calculation by AMESim simulation software, the altitude valve filling and exhaust simulation test result curves of each working condition are obtained, the influence of the internal structural dimensions and parameters of the altitude valve on the filling and exhaust performance of the altitude valve is analyzed, and the design of structural parameters related to the aerodynamic performance of the altitude valve is verified and optimized.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention also provides: an electronic device, comprising:

[0026] one or more processors;

[0027] a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon;

[0028] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement any of the above-mentioned AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling methods.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps in any of the above-mentioned methods for simulating and modeling the aerodynamic performance of an altitude valve based on AMESim are implemented.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0031] 1. The altitude valve pneumatic performance simulation modeling method of the present invention is constructed based on AMESim simulation software, and can construct a altitude valve pneumatic performance simulation model more accurately to further study the influence of the internal structural dimension design parameters of the altitude valve on the filling and exhaust performance of the altitude valve, such as whether the throttling clearance between the altitude valve core push rod and the valve body, the push rod filling / exhaust stroke, the equal-width cam curve and its rotation angle parameters can meet the requirements for the altitude valve inflation and exhaust functions during vehicle operation.

[0032] 2. The aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method of the height valve of the present invention can provide a simulation analysis method for the maintenance and fault analysis of the height valve, as well as the improvement and optimization of the structural dimensions and performance parameters of the height valve, thereby improving the efficiency of its fault analysis and design optimization, and improving the vehicle operation efficiency to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the height valve of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of the pneumatic performance simulation model of the height valve of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the pneumatic sliding valve element with a specific orifice of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the flow principle of the concentric annular gap under the action of pressure difference of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 The displacement curve of the cam rotation angle corresponding to the follower of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a fast charging and discharging simulation curve of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a slow charging and slow discharging simulation curve of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the application is further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments involved in the present invention. All non-innovative embodiments of other researchers in the field on this embodiment belong to the protection scope of the present invention. At the same time, for the step numbering in the embodiment of the present invention, it is only set for the convenience of explanation, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way. The execution order of each step in the embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, AMESim simulation software is used to establish a pneumatic performance structure simulation model of a height valve through a component library, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0043] The simulation model is mainly composed of four modules according to the requirements of height valve function, including: Module 1 intake check valve function simulation module, Module 2 inflation valve and its throttling function simulation module, Module 3 exhaust valve and its throttling function simulation module, Module 4 horizontal valve stem and equal width cam drive mechanism function simulation.

[0044] In this embodiment, the height valve structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a valve body 1, a valve core push rod 2, a horizontal valve stem 3, an equal-width cam drive shaft 4, a filter 5, a main valve core 6, a spring 7, and a secondary valve core 8;

[0045] The horizontal valve stem 3 of the height valve is connected to the equal-width cam drive shaft 4 to swing together, and the equal-width cam drive shaft 4 drives the valve core push rod 2 to move back and forth to realize the opening and closing of the valve core and complete the inflation and exhaust of the air spring.

[0046] In order to meet the requirements of relevant industry standards for the filling and exhaust performance of the altitude valve, it is necessary to accurately design the internal structural dimension parameters of the altitude valve. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the influence of the internal structural dimension design parameters of the altitude valve on the filling and exhaust performance of the altitude valve by constructing a simulation model of the aerodynamic performance of the altitude valve.

[0047] Specifically, module one, the intake check valve function simulation module, includes: a first mass block element 11, used to simulate the mass of the intake check valve core assembly and limit its motion displacement; a pneumatic baffle nozzle valve element 12, used to simulate the opening and closing form of the intake check valve valve port, and its inlet is the height valve inlet; a first moving piston element 13, used to simulate the movement of the intake check valve core assembly; and a first linear spring element 14, used to simulate the intake check valve opening spring parameters.

[0048] Among them, the structural dimensions of the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element 12 are more important for the accuracy of the high-pressure valve design performance simulation, mainly including: the piston rod diameter d r , piston diameter d f , the corresponding hole seat diameter of the valve body d i And the valve opening size x0 corresponding to zero displacement, the relationship between the set structural parameters is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, combined with the specific structural characteristics of the height valve, it is expressed as the piston rod diameter d r is 0, and the effective area of ​​the intake side of the intake check valve core is The effective area on the other side is And the minimum axial displacement dimension of the check valve opening is greater than the set value of x0 (because the valve port is normally closed, x0 is generally taken as 0).

[0049] Specifically, module 2, the inflation valve and its throttling function simulation module, includes: a second mass block element 21, used to simulate the mass of the inflation valve valve core assembly and limit its movement displacement; a second motion piston element 23, used to simulate the movement of the valve core push rod assembly; a multi-interface variable volume air chamber element 22, used to simulate the volume required for the pneumatic chamber of the internal component when the height valve is working; a first pneumatic sliding valve element 24 with a specific orifice, used to simulate the opening and closing form of the inflation valve. The structural dimensions of this element are also important for the accuracy of the height valve design performance simulation, including: the sliding valve shaft diameter d s , Sliding valve stem diameter d r1 And the valve opening size x corresponding to zero displacement, the relationship between the set structural parameters is as follows Figure 4 As shown, combined with the specific structural characteristics of the height valve, it is expressed as the outer diameter of the valve core push rod d = d r1 , the main valve core diameter is d s , and the minimum axial displacement size of the intake valve opening is greater than |x| (because the valve port is normally closed and there is a slight deformation of the elastic element at the bottom of the main valve core, generally -0.5≤x≤0).

[0050] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the height valve inflation and exhaust functions required by the standard can be accurately adjusted and realized, a narrow throttling gap is provided at the valve end opening and closing of the valve body 1 and the valve core push rod 2 of the height valve. Figure 1 shown.

[0051] The valve port state changes continuously during the filling and exhausting process of the height valve. Under different working conditions, the flow rate q flowing through the throttling gap of the height valve is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it can be obtained according to the flow principle of concentric annular gap under the action of pressure difference, that is:

[0052]

[0053] It can be seen that when the pressure difference Δp between the inlet and outlet of the height valve is constant, the filling and exhaust flow rate q through the throttling gap of the valve port is related to the outer diameter d of the valve core push rod, the throttling gap size h and the throttling gap length l, and μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the flowing air.

[0054] Therefore, in this embodiment, in the inflation valve and its throttling function simulation module, the first pneumatic leakage element 25 is set in module 2 and the above-mentioned size parameters are set through AMESim software, and its outlet is connected to the air spring to simulate the intake throttling, so as to accurately control the altitude valve inflation time.

[0055] Module 3, the exhaust valve and its throttling function simulation module, includes: an elastic damping element 31, which simulates the elastic damping effect that may occur between the valve core push rod and the contact parts during movement; a second pneumatic slide valve element 32 with a specific orifice, which is also used to simulate the opening and closing form of the exhaust valve, and its inlet is connected to the air spring, and the relationship between the set structural parameters is the same as Figure 4 And the same second pneumatic leakage element 33, whose outlet is connected to the exhaust port, set the structural parameters such as Figure 5 As shown, it is used to simulate exhaust throttling, so as to accurately control the exhaust time of the altitude valve.

[0056] Module four, the functional simulation module of the horizontal valve stem and equal-width cam drive mechanism, includes: a cam and cam follower group 41 with angle as input, which is used to simulate the mechanical input of the equal-width cam drive shaft of the height valve, which requires the advance input of the designed cam angle corresponding to the displacement curve of its follower; a mechanical arm 42 with adjustable rod length, whose output is the angle and input is the linear motion displacement along a fixed direction, simulating the working state of the horizontal valve stem of the height valve; and a linear signal conversion element 43, which is used to convert the input signal source data (simulating the relative displacement between the frame and the bogie frame) into the linear displacement of the horizontal valve stem.

[0057] Furthermore, based on the constructed height valve aerodynamic performance structure simulation model, simulation is performed. First, various structural parameters are set, as follows:

[0058] The parameters of the first mass element 11, the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element 12, the first moving piston element 13 and the first linear spring element 14 in the setting module 1, including the piston rod diameter d of the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element 12 r , piston diameter d f , the corresponding hole seat diameter of the valve body d i and the valve opening size x0 corresponding to zero displacement.

[0059] The parameters of the second mass element 21, the variable volume air chamber element 22, the second moving piston element 23, the first pneumatic slide valve element 24 with a specific orifice, and the first pneumatic leakage element 25 in the second module are set, including the slide valve shaft diameter d of the first pneumatic slide valve element 24 s , Sliding valve stem diameter d r1 and the opening size x of the valve corresponding to zero displacement, as well as the valve core push rod outer diameter d, the throttling gap size h and the throttling gap length l of the first pneumatic leakage element 25.

[0060] The parameters of the elastic damping element 31, the second pneumatic sliding valve element 32 with a specific orifice, and the second pneumatic leakage element 33 in module three are set. The main parameters are the same as those in module two, but the specific parameter values ​​are slightly different according to the requirements of the height valve filling and exhaust performance.

[0061] The parameters of the cam and cam follower group 41, the mechanical arm 42, and the linear signal conversion element 43 in the fourth module are set, including a data table of displacement curves of the cam rotation angle corresponding to its follower, such as Figure 6 As shown, the cam curve, robot arm rod length, etc. can be further adjusted according to specific product performance requirements.

[0062] Then, according to the relevant industry and product standards of the height valve, combined with the performance test requirements of different working conditions, as shown in Table 1 below. The input air source pressure parameter (kPa) of the height valve is set at the height valve air inlet interface, the volume parameter (L) is set in the air spring, and the input signal source data parameter is set at the relative displacement signal input of the frame and bogie frame, which is converted into the horizontal valve stem angle parameter (°).

[0063] Table 1 External input parameters for height valve performance simulation

[0064]

[0065] Finally, the simulation test result curves of valve filling and exhaust under various working conditions were obtained through calculation by AMESim simulation software. The simulation curves of fast filling and fast exhaust and slow filling and slow exhaust are as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the table below, the consistency of the filling and exhausting time with the relevant industry and product standards is analyzed and compared, as shown in the following table 2, to verify the rationality of the design of the structural parameters related to the aerodynamic performance of the height valve.

[0066] Table 2 Simulation results of height valve filling and exhaust test

[0067] Simulation conditions Fast charging simulation Quick sort simulation Slow charging simulation Slow simulation Simulation time 2.65 5.6 37.93 75.2 Standard requirements 2.5-3.5 4-6 35-95 75-195

[0068] In an embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including: one or more processors; a storage device on which one or more programs are stored; when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps in any one of the AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling methods in the above embodiments are implemented.

[0070] In summary, through the AMESim-based altitude valve pneumatic performance simulation modeling method provided by the present invention, a altitude valve pneumatic performance simulation model can be constructed more accurately to further study the influence of the altitude valve internal structural dimension design parameters on the altitude valve charging and exhausting performance, such as whether the altitude valve core push rod and valve body throttling clearance, push rod charging / exhausting stroke, equal width cam curve and its rotation angle parameters can meet the requirements of altitude valve charging and exhausting functions during vehicle operation. Thus, a simulation analysis method is provided for the maintenance and fault analysis of the altitude valve, as well as the improvement and optimization of the altitude valve structural dimensions and performance parameters.

[0071] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating and modeling the aerodynamic performance of an altitude valve based on AMESim, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Use AMESim simulation software to establish a simulation model of the height valve pneumatic performance structure, including: intake check valve function simulation module, inflation valve and throttling function simulation module, exhaust valve and throttling function simulation module, horizontal valve stem and equal-width cam drive mechanism function simulation module; S2. According to the functional requirements of the altitude valve, set the components and parameters of each simulation module in the aerodynamic performance structure simulation model of the altitude valve; Constructing an intake check valve function simulation module, including a first mass block element, a pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element, a first motion piston element, and a linear spring element connected in sequence; Constructing an inflation valve and throttling function simulation module, including a second mass block element, a second moving piston element, a variable volume air chamber element, a first pneumatic sliding valve element, and a first pneumatic leakage element connected in sequence; Constructing an exhaust valve and throttling function simulation module, including an elastic damping element, a second pneumatic sliding valve element, and a second pneumatic leakage element connected in sequence; Construct a functional simulation module of a horizontal valve stem and equal-width cam drive mechanism, including a cam and cam follower group connected in sequence, a robotic arm, and a linear signal conversion element; S3. Based on the altitude valve pneumatic performance structure simulation model, analyze the influence of the altitude valve internal structure dimensions and parameters on the altitude valve filling and exhaust performance, and determine whether the altitude valve spool push rod and valve body throttling clearance, push rod filling / exhaust stroke, equal width cam curve and rotation angle parameters can meet the requirements of altitude valve filling and exhaust functions during vehicle operation.

2. The AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height valve is used to control the filling and exhaust of a vehicle air spring, and comprises: a valve body (1), a valve core push rod (2), a horizontal valve stem (3), an equal-width cam drive shaft (4), a filter (5), a main valve core (6), a spring (7), and a secondary valve core (8); The horizontal valve stem (3) is connected to the equal-width cam drive shaft (4) and swings together. The equal-width cam drive shaft (4) drives the valve core push rod (2) to move, control the opening and closing of the main valve core (6), and inflate and exhaust the air spring; the spring (7) and the secondary valve core (8) together constitute an intake check valve for realizing a check effect on the intake air flow. When the main valve core (6) opens the air spring to inflate, the air pressure at the intake port overcomes the force of the spring (7) to push open the secondary valve core (8) to achieve inflation. When the intake pressure at the intake port decreases due to leakage in the external pipeline or system, the check valve is closed under the action of the spring (7) to ensure that the pressure of the air spring will not decrease due to external leakage; a throttling gap is also provided at the opening and closing positions of the valve ends of the valve body (1) and the valve core push rod (2).

3. The AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the intake check valve function simulation module, the first mass block element is used to simulate the mass of the intake check valve core assembly and limit the motion displacement; the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element has an air inlet interface at the bottom to simulate the opening and closing form of the intake check valve port, and the inlet of the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element is a height valve inlet. The parameters include: piston rod diameter d r , piston diameter d f , the corresponding hole seat diameter of the valve body d i And the opening size x0 of the valve corresponding to zero displacement; by setting the parameters of the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element, the air pressure action area on both sides of the intake check valve core and the minimum axial displacement size of the check valve opening are simulated; The first moving piston element is used to simulate the movement of the intake check valve core assembly; the linear spring element connects the first moving piston element and the second mass block element to simulate the intake check valve opening spring parameters.

4. The AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the inflation valve and throttling function simulation module, the second mass block element is used to simulate the mass of the main valve core assembly and limit the motion displacement; the second motion piston element is used to simulate the motion of the valve core push rod assembly; The variable volume air chamber element has a plurality of interfaces, which are respectively connected to the pneumatic flapper nozzle valve element, the linear spring element, the second motion piston element and the first pneumatic slide valve element, and are used to simulate the required volume of the internal pneumatic chamber when the height valve is working; The first pneumatic slide valve element has an orifice for simulating the opening and closing of the main valve core. The parameters include: the slide valve shaft diameter d s , Sliding valve stem diameter d r1 And the opening size x of the valve corresponding to zero displacement; by setting the parameters of the first pneumatic sliding valve element, the radial size of the valve core push rod and the main valve core, as well as the minimum axial displacement size of the intake valve port opening are simulated.

5. The AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In the inflation valve and throttling function simulation module, the outlet of the first pneumatic leakage element is connected to the air spring, which is used to simulate the intake throttling and control the inflation time of the height valve. The parameters include: the outer diameter d of the valve core push rod, the throttling gap size h and the throttling gap length l. The valve port state changes continuously during the filling and exhausting process of the height valve. The flow rate q flowing through the throttling gap of the height valve under different working conditions is different. When the pressure difference Δp between the inlet and outlet of the height valve is constant, the filling and exhausting flow rate q through the throttling gap of the valve port is obtained according to the parameter simulation of the first pneumatic leakage element: Where μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the flowing air.

6. The AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the exhaust valve and throttling function simulation module, the elastic damping element is connected to the first pneumatic leakage element and the second pneumatic sliding valve element, and is used to simulate the elastic damping effect generated between the valve core push rod and the contact part during movement; the second pneumatic sliding valve element has an orifice, and the inlet is connected to the air spring, which is used to simulate the opening and closing form of the exhaust valve; the outlet of the second pneumatic leakage element is connected to the exhaust port, which is used to simulate exhaust throttling and control the exhaust time of the height valve.

7. The AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the functional simulation module of the horizontal valve stem and equal-width cam driving mechanism, the cam and cam follower group uses the cam rotation angle as input, and the corresponding displacement curve of the follower is used to simulate the mechanical input of the equal-width cam driving shaft of the height valve; the mechanical arm is used to simulate the working state of the horizontal valve stem of the height valve, and the length of the mechanical arm is set. The input is the linear motion displacement along a fixed direction to obtain the output cam rotation angle; the linear signal conversion element is used to convert the input signal source data into the linear displacement of the horizontal valve stem, and the signal source data is used to simulate the relative displacement between the frame and the bogie frame.

8. The AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, based on the aerodynamic performance structure simulation model of the altitude valve, the input air source pressure parameters of the altitude valve are set at the altitude valve air inlet interface, the volume parameters are set in the air spring, the input signal source data parameters are set at the relative displacement signal input of the frame and the bogie frame, and converted into horizontal valve stem angle parameters, and fast charging simulation, fast exhaust simulation, slow charging simulation, and slow exhaust simulation are performed respectively. After calculation by AMESim simulation software, the altitude valve filling and exhaust simulation test result curves of each working condition are obtained, the influence of the internal structure dimensions and parameters of the altitude valve on the filling and exhaust performance of the altitude valve is analyzed, and the design of structural parameters related to the aerodynamic performance of the altitude valve is verified and optimized.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps in the AMESim-based altitude valve aerodynamic performance simulation modeling method described in any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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