Matching method and system for construction formworks of railroad bridge

Abstract

The invention discloses a matching method and system for a construction template of a railroad bridge, and relates to the technical field of construction template matching, and the method comprises the steps: determining a theoretical form of the construction template of the railroad bridge according to a current construction progress node of the railroad bridge, a plurality of supporting nodes of the railroad bridge and a target form of the railroad bridge; the accuracy of the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is ensured; therefore, the next construction node is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railroad bridge and the construction planning route of the railroad bridge, and the final form of the construction formwork is output based on matching of the next construction node, the stereoscopic model of the railroad bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railroad bridge. The theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railroad bridge is further precisely controlled, precise control over the final form of the construction formwork is achieved, and high matching of the construction formwork and the railroad bridge under construction is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction template matching, and in particular to a matching method and system for construction templates of railway bridges. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, construction formwork has gradually been applied to people's lives and as a supporting part of railway bridges, construction formwork is mainly used in the concrete pouring process to provide a fixed shape and size for concrete to ensure the accuracy and stability of the final construction formwork.

[0003] During the construction of a railway bridge, multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge are collected, and the corresponding supporting parts are inferred based on the multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge, so that the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge can be deduced through the supporting parts. However, relying solely on the single dimension of the multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge for inference affects the accuracy of the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art. The present invention provides a method and system for matching construction templates of a railway bridge.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for matching a construction template of a railway bridge, comprising: determining multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions based on circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by a drone; determining a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction based on the multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction; determining a current construction progress node and multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge based on detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; determining a theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge based on the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge; determining a next construction node based on the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and outputting a final form of the construction template based on matching the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a matching system for a construction template of a railway bridge, wherein the matching system for a construction template of a railway bridge is applied to the matching method for a construction template of a railway bridge, and the matching system for a construction template of a railway bridge comprises: An image module, used for determining multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions based on circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by the UAV; A stereo module, for determining a stereo model of the railway bridge under construction according to the multiple images and the target shape of the railway bridge under construction; A node module, used to determine the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; A theoretical form module is used to determine the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge; The final form module is used to determine the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and output the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In an embodiment of the present invention, through the method in the embodiment of the present invention, multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions are determined based on the circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by a drone; a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is determined based on the multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction; the current construction progress node and multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge are determined based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is determined based on the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge, thereby realizing multiple interactions of the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge, and ensuring the accuracy of the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

[0008] Therefore, the next construction node is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and the final form of the construction template is output based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge. The theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is further accurately controlled, and the overall consideration of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is compatible, thereby achieving accurate control of the final form of the construction template and ensuring a high degree of matching between the construction template and the railway bridge under construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of a method for matching construction templates of a railway bridge in one embodiment; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method for matching construction templates of a railway bridge in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a matching system for a construction template of a railway bridge in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0011] Embodiment 1: The matching method of the construction template of the railway bridge provided in this application is applied to Figure 1 In the application environment shown, the computer 102 communicates with the server 104 through the network. The terminal 102 is not limited to various personal computers, servers, and construction template matching systems, and the server 104 is implemented by an independent server or a server cluster composed of servers.

[0012] Embodiment 2: See also Figures 1 to 3 A matching method for a construction template of a railway bridge is applied to a matching scenario of a construction template of a railway bridge; the matching method for a construction template of a railway bridge includes: Step S11: determining a plurality of images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions based on the circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by the drone; Step S12: determining a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction according to the multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction; Step S13: determining the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; Step S14: determining a theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, a plurality of support nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge; Step S15: determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; In step S11, multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions are determined based on the circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by the drone; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S111: Collect the location of railway bridges under construction; S112: determining a detection route of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction according to the location of the railway bridge under construction, the surrounding environment of the location of the railway bridge under construction, and the current location of the UAV; S113: The UAV flies along the detection route, and triggers autonomous control of the camera's attitude according to the direction of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction, the position of the camera configured on the UAV, and the shooting direction; S114: The camera performs a circular detection relative to the railway bridge under construction as the drone flies, and takes pictures at different positions of the railway bridge under construction to collect multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, the location of a railway bridge under construction is collected; the detection route of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction is determined based on the location of the railway bridge under construction, the surrounding environment of the location of the railway bridge under construction, and the current position of the UAV, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the location of the railway bridge under construction, the surrounding environment of the location of the railway bridge under construction, and the current position of the UAV, and realizes precise control of the detection route of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction.

[0014] At this time, the location of the railway bridge under construction is collected and the location of the railway bridge under construction is introduced, usually using GPS coordinates, which helps the UAV navigation system to accurately find the bridge location and serves as the basis for planning the UAV's detection route relative to the railway bridge under construction.

[0015] The surrounding environment of the location of the railway bridge under construction includes factors that affect the flight of drones, such as terrain, buildings, other infrastructure (such as high-voltage lines), vegetation, etc.; understanding these factors is crucial to planning a safe flight route; for example, if there are tall buildings or trees near the bridge, the drone needs to bypass or maintain a sufficient height to avoid collision.

[0016] The starting position of the drone is another important consideration when planning the flight route; the drone needs to take off from its current location and follow the planned route to the bridge location; the choice of the starting position should take into account the safety of takeoff and landing, as well as the optimization of flight distance and time.

[0017] Therefore, the detection route of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction is planned based on the above information; the detection route of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction should be as direct and safe as possible, while taking into account the shooting requirements (such as angle, light, etc.); the detection route of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction should include necessary ascent, translation and descent actions to ensure that the UAV can smoothly approach the bridge, take pictures and return safely.

[0018] Specifically, assume that the railway bridge under construction is located in an open field. The bridge is 1,000 meters long and spans a wide river. The north end of the bridge is close to a hill, and the south end is a flat farmland. The drone is currently located on an open space about 500 meters away from the north end of the bridge.

[0019] Use GPS coordinates to determine the precise locations of the north and south ends of the bridge. Note that the north end of the bridge is close to a hill with obstacles such as trees and rocks; the south end is flat farmland with no obstacles. The river is of moderate width, but the reflection on the water surface affects the image quality. Choose the open space where the drone is currently located as the take-off point, which is far away from obstacles and has enough space for takeoff and landing.

[0020] After taking off from the take-off point, the drone first flew a short distance to the north to avoid obstacles near the hill; then, the drone turned south and flew along the axis of the bridge, maintaining an appropriate altitude to avoid trees and high-voltage lines; when approaching the south end of the bridge, the drone began to descend and photographed the details of the bridge at a lower altitude; after the shooting was completed, the drone continued to fly south for a distance, then turned north and returned to the take-off point along the original route.

[0021] Furthermore, the UAV flies along the detection route and triggers autonomous control of the camera's attitude according to the direction of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction, the position of the camera configured on the UAV, and the shooting direction, so as to ensure that the camera shoots different positions of the railway bridge under construction, thereby realizing autonomous control of the camera's attitude.

[0022] At this time, the drone flies along a pre-planned detection route, which takes into account the location of the bridge, the surrounding environment, and the take-off and landing points of the drone; during the flight, the drone will adjust its position and attitude in real time based on the built-in navigation system and sensors (such as GPS, gyroscope, accelerometer, etc.) to ensure that it flies along the correct route.

[0023] The drone needs to know its orientation relative to the bridge in order to adjust the camera’s shooting angle, which is usually achieved through the drone’s attitude sensor and navigation system; for example, if the drone is flying directly towards the bridge, the camera needs to point directly in front of the bridge; if the drone approaches the bridge from the side, the camera needs to adjust its angle to capture a side view of the bridge.

[0024] The position of the camera is fixed (relative to the drone body), but the camera itself rotates around its mounting point to adjust the shooting angle; the design of the drone usually allows a certain degree of adjustment of the camera in both pitch (up and down rotation) and yaw (left and right rotation); based on the flight path of the drone and its orientation relative to the bridge, the drone's control system will trigger the camera's autonomous control mechanism, which involves adjusting the camera's pitch and yaw to ensure that the camera is always pointing at key parts of the bridge, such as the bridge deck, piers, supporting structures, etc.; the control mechanism is based on preset shooting parameters (such as angle, focal length, exposure time, etc.), and is also dynamically adjusted based on real-time image analysis.

[0025] Specifically, suppose a drone is conducting a circumferential detection of a railway bridge under construction. The bridge spans a river. The drone takes off from one end of the bridge and flies upstream along the river. The drone flies upstream along the river according to a preset detection route and gradually approaches the bridge. When the drone approaches the bridge, its navigation system detects that the drone is flying to the side of the bridge. The camera is installed under the drone and initially points to the ground.

[0026] To capture a side view of the bridge, the drone’s control system triggers the camera’s autonomous control mechanism; the camera begins to rotate around its mounting point, first adjusting pitch to raise the lens to the height of the bridge; then it makes a yaw adjustment to align the lens with the side of the bridge; during flight, as the relative position of the drone and the bridge changes, the control system adjusts the camera’s attitude in real time to ensure that critical parts of the bridge are captured.

[0027] Therefore, the camera performs circular detection relative to the railway bridge under construction as the UAV flies, and shoots at different positions of the railway bridge under construction to collect multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions, introduces multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions, and covers various positions of the railway bridge under construction.

[0028] At this time, the drone flies according to the preset detection route, and the camera acts as the drone's eyes to capture images of the surrounding environment in real time; during the flight, the drone's flight control system ensures a smooth flight to reduce image jitter and blur.

[0029] Circular detection means that the UAV flies around the bridge to obtain all-round image data of the bridge, which usually involves the UAV's rising, translating, descending and rotating movements to cover the bridge's superstructure, bridge deck, piers and supporting structure; at the same time, the camera shoots at appropriate locations based on the UAV's flight trajectory and the structural characteristics of the bridge, including key locations such as the starting point, end point, turning point, key support points of the bridge, as well as the overall outline and details of the bridge; during the flight, the camera will continuously or intermittently capture images of the bridge to form a series of continuous image data sets, which will be used for subsequent 3D modeling, structural analysis, and construction template matching.

[0030] Specifically, assuming that a railway bridge under construction is a large arch bridge, the drone takes off from one end of the bridge and starts a circular detection of it; the drone takes off from one end of the bridge, and the camera starts to capture the surrounding images; during the flight, the drone maintains a stable flight to reduce image jitter; after the drone flies a certain distance along the axis of the bridge, it starts to fly in a circle around the bridge; during the flight, the drone gradually rises to capture the overall outline of the bridge; when the drone flies above the bridge, it begins to gradually descend and fly along the other side of the bridge to capture the other side view of the bridge.

[0031] During the circular detection process, the camera takes pictures at key positions of the bridge, such as the arch crown, arch foot, bridge deck, piers, etc.; during the circular flight process, the camera takes pictures at key positions of the bridge, such as the arch crown, arch foot, bridge deck, piers, etc.; during the entire flight process, the camera continuously takes multiple images of the bridge at different positions. These images form an all-round view of the bridge, providing rich data support for subsequent 3D modeling and construction template matching.

[0032] In step S12, a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is determined according to the multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S121: Collect bridge numbers of railway bridges under construction; S122: determining a target form of the railway bridge under construction according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database; S123: Matching the target shapes of multiple images and the railway bridge under construction; S124: determining a plurality of stereoscopic features based on matching of the plurality of images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction; S125: Determine a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction according to a synthesis of multiple three-dimensional features; In an embodiment of the present application, the bridge numbers of the railway bridges under construction are collected; the target shape of the railway bridges under construction is determined based on the bridge numbers and the railway bridge database, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the bridge numbers and the railway bridge database, and ensures the accuracy of the target shape of the railway bridges under construction.

[0033] At this point, the bridge number of the railway bridge under construction is collected. This bridge number is the unique identifier of the bridge and is used to retrieve relevant information in subsequent steps. At the same time, the railway bridge database is accessed. The railway bridge database is a system that stores a large amount of railway bridge design information, including bridge design drawings, structural analysis, material specifications, construction instructions, etc. Optionally, specific permissions or authentication are required to access this database. Once access is obtained, the search for information related to the bridge number begins.

[0034] In the database, the bridge number is used as a keyword for searching, which usually involves entering the bridge number in the search bar of the database and triggering the search function; the database system will look for matching records in the stored data based on the entered number; once a record matching the bridge number is found, the target morphological information related to the bridge is retrieved, which includes the three-dimensional model, design drawings, structural details, etc. of the bridge; the target morphological information should describe the final design status of the bridge in detail, including its size, shape, structural type, material used, etc.

[0035] Specifically, suppose there is a railway bridge under construction, and its bridge number is "GJ-001"; through on-site investigation or construction documents, it is learned that the bridge number is "GJ-001"; log in to the railway bridge database system, which stores the design information of all railway bridges; in the search bar of the database, enter the bridge number "GJ-001" and trigger the search function.

[0036] The railway bridge database system returned a record matching “GJ-001”; the target morphological information of the bridge was retrieved, including its 3D model, design drawings, and structural details, which showed that the bridge was a prestressed concrete continuous beam bridge with a specific span and height, as well as detailed reinforcement and prestressing tendon arrangements; the retrieved target morphological information was compared with the on-site construction situation, and the accuracy of the information was confirmed; in addition, communication was conducted with the design team to ensure that the understanding of the bridge design was correct.

[0037] Furthermore, the target forms of the multiple images and the railway bridge under construction are matched; based on the matching of the multiple images and the target forms of the railway bridge under construction, multiple stereoscopic features are determined, thereby achieving the matching of the target forms of the multiple images and the railway bridge under construction and ensuring the accuracy of the multiple stereoscopic features.

[0038] At this time, before matching, the multiple images collected by the drone are first preprocessed, which includes removing noise from the image, enhancing the contrast of the image, adjusting the brightness of the image, etc., to improve the quality of the image; using computer vision technology, key features are extracted from the preprocessed images. These features are the edges, corners, textures, etc. of the bridge, which can represent important information in the image.

[0039] The extracted features are matched with the target shape of the railway bridge under construction; the target shape is usually extracted from the design drawings or 3D models, including the size, shape, structure, etc. of the bridge; the matching process involves the correspondence of feature points, the comparison of shape similarity, etc.; in order to improve the accuracy of the matching, some optimization steps are required; for example, using iterative algorithms to fine-tune the matching parameters, or using additional information (such as GPS coordinates, sensor data) to assist the matching.

[0040] At the same time, in order to improve the accuracy of matching, some optimization steps are needed; for example, using iterative algorithms to fine-tune matching parameters, or using additional information (such as GPS coordinates, sensor data) to assist matching; fusing the three-dimensional features extracted from different images to form a complete set of three-dimensional features of the bridge. This process involves the merging of feature points, the splicing of shapes, etc.; verifying the fused three-dimensional features to ensure their accuracy and consistency, which is done by comparing the relative positions and sizes of the features.

[0041] Specifically, suppose there is a railway bridge under construction, and its target shape is extracted from the design drawings; the drone collects multiple images of the bridge, and now these images need to be matched with the target shape.

[0042] Remove noise from the image, enhance the contrast of the bridge part, and make the edge of the bridge clearer; extract the edges, corners and other features of the bridge from the image, which can represent the shape and structure of the bridge; match the extracted features with the bridge shape in the design drawing to find the correspondence between the feature points; make the matching results more accurate by fine-tuning the matching parameters; for example, adjust the matching threshold of the feature points, or use GPS coordinates to correct the position error in the image.

[0043] After the matching of the image and the target shape has been completed, multiple stereo features are determined; stereo features such as the outline of the bridge, the position of the supporting structure, the height of the bridge deck, etc. are identified from the matching results; optionally, these features can reflect the actual shape of the bridge in three-dimensional space; the stereo features extracted from different images are fused to form a complete three-dimensional model of the bridge; for example, the outlines of the bridge in multiple images are spliced ​​to form a continuous bridge outline; the fused stereo features are verified to ensure that their relative positions and sizes are consistent; for example, check whether the supporting structure of the bridge is in the correct position and whether the height of the bridge deck meets the design requirements; Therefore, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is determined according to the synthesis of multiple three-dimensional features, the synthesis of multiple three-dimensional features is achieved, and the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is improved, so as to facilitate dynamic control of the railway bridge under construction.

[0044] At this point, all the 3D features extracted and verified from the image are integrated, including the outline of the bridge, the location of the supporting structure, the height of the bridge deck, and other key structural details; the integration process needs to ensure that the spatial relationship between the various features remains consistent to avoid position offset or size mismatch.

[0045] Using the integrated three-dimensional features, a preliminary model of the bridge is constructed in three-dimensional space, and the three-dimensional shape is generated according to the geometric information of the features (such as points, lines, and surfaces). During the construction process, special attention should be paid to the structural integrity and geometric accuracy of the bridge to ensure that the model can truly reflect the actual shape of the bridge.

[0046] The initially constructed 3D model is optimized to improve its accuracy and usability, which includes smoothing the surface of the model, adjusting the transition between features, fixing any geometric errors, etc. The optimization process also involves enhancing the details of the model, such as adding textures, material information, etc., to improve the visual effect and practicality of the model. After the model is built and optimized, verification and correction work is required, which is done by comparing with the actual construction situation and using other reliable data sources for verification. If any deviations or errors are found in the model, they should be corrected in time to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the model. After verification and correction, the final 3D model of the railway bridge is determined, which will be used for subsequent construction monitoring, structural analysis, decision support and other work.

[0047] Specifically, assume that multiple three-dimensional features have been extracted and verified from the images collected by the drone, including the outline of the bridge, the location of the supporting structure, and the height of the bridge deck; now, a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge will be constructed based on these features.

[0048] Integrate all extracted features to ensure that the spatial relationship between them remains consistent; for example, match the outline of the bridge with the position information of the supporting structure to ensure that the supporting structure is in the correct position; use 3D modeling software to build a preliminary model of the bridge based on the integrated feature information; in the software, use point cloud data to generate the outline of the bridge, and then add the supporting structure based on the position information of the supporting structure; at the same time, generate the bridge deck based on the height information of the bridge deck; optimize the preliminary constructed model; for example, use a smoothing algorithm to smooth the surface of the model to make it look more natural; and adjust the transition between the supporting structure and the bridge deck to ensure that the connection between them is smooth and continuous.

[0049] In addition, texture and material information are added to the model to enhance its visual effect. The optimized model is compared with the actual construction situation to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the model. If any deviation or error is found in the model (such as inaccurate position of the supporting structure, height of the bridge deck not matching the actual situation, etc.), it should be corrected in time, which requires returning to the steps of image extraction and feature recognition to recheck and adjust the relevant parameters. After verification and correction, the final three-dimensional model of the railway bridge is determined. This model accurately reflects the actual form and structural characteristics of the bridge and is used for subsequent construction monitoring, structural analysis and decision support. For example, the model is used to simulate the deformation of the bridge under different load conditions to evaluate its structural safety. The model is also compared with the construction plan to ensure that the construction progress and quality meet the expected requirements.

[0050] In step S13, the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge are determined based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S131: Obtain a three-dimensional model of a railway bridge under construction; S132: testing a three-dimensional model of a railway bridge under construction, and collecting a plurality of three-dimensional areas during the testing process; S133: determining central nodes of the plurality of three-dimensional regions according to the region shapes of the plurality of three-dimensional regions, the region areas of the plurality of three-dimensional regions, and the relative positions of the plurality of three-dimensional regions; S134: determining a current construction progress node of the railway bridge based on the spatial positions of the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional regions, the multiple images of the railway bridge under construction, and the progress information of the railway bridge under construction; S135: determining a supporting body in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction according to the traversal of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; S136: constructing a support area based on the central nodes of the plurality of three-dimensional areas and the support bodies in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and forming a plurality of support nodes based on the division of the support area; In an embodiment of the present application, a three-dimensional model of a railway bridge under construction is obtained; the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is inspected, and multiple three-dimensional areas are collected during the inspection process, and multiple three-dimensional areas are introduced to facilitate the management and control of the multiple three-dimensional areas.

[0051] At this point, a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is obtained and imported into a dedicated inspection software. This software usually has three-dimensional model processing capabilities and can perform complex geometric analysis and structural inspections. After the model is imported, necessary preprocessing work is performed, such as adjusting the display settings of the model, confirming the integrity of the model, etc., to ensure the smooth progress of the inspection process.

[0052] According to the design requirements, construction specifications and safety standards of the bridge, the specific content and parameters of the inspection are defined, including the dimensional accuracy, structural integrity, material quality and other aspects of the bridge; the threshold and tolerance of the inspection are set so that areas that do not meet the standards or have potential risks can be accurately identified during the inspection process; the model is comprehensively scanned and analyzed using the software's automated inspection function, a process that involves complex algorithms and calculations to identify abnormal areas or potential problems in the model; manual verification is performed based on automated inspection, which usually involves a careful review of key areas or suspected problems to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the inspection.

[0053] During the detection process, multiple three-dimensional areas are collected based on the identified abnormal areas or key structural features. These areas are the supporting structures, connection parts, key nodes, etc. of the bridge; the collection process involves steps such as defining the boundaries of the area, extracting the geometric information of the area, and recording the location and attributes of the area; the collected three-dimensional area information is recorded, including the geometric characteristics of the area, positional relationships, potential problems, etc., which will be used for subsequent structural analysis and decision support; the collected areas are analyzed in depth to evaluate their impact on the overall structure of the bridge, as well as the repair or improvement measures taken.

[0054] Specifically, suppose there is a railway bridge under construction, whose 3D model has been built and imported into the inspection software; now, this model will be inspected, and multiple 3D areas will be collected during the inspection process; the bridge model will be imported into the software, and the display settings will be adjusted to ensure that the model can clearly show the structural features of the bridge; according to the design requirements and construction specifications of the bridge, the parameters and thresholds of the inspection will be defined; for example, the dimensional accuracy error of the bridge is set to no more than 5 mm, and the structural integrity must reach more than 98%.

[0055] The model was scanned using the software’s automated detection capabilities to identify potential areas of anomaly. These areas were then manually verified to carefully examine their structural features and potential problems. During the inspection, it was discovered that a certain supporting structure of the bridge had dimensional deviations and welding defects at the connection. This supporting structure and the area around it were then captured as a three-dimensional area. At the same time, other key structural features of the bridge, such as the main beam, arch supports, etc., were also captured as additional three-dimensional areas for analysis. The captured three-dimensional area information was recorded and analyzed in depth. It was discovered that although the dimensional deviations of the supporting structure were not large, they did affect the overall stability of the bridge. Therefore, it was decided to take repair measures to adjust the size of the supporting structure and strengthen the welding quality at the connection. At the same time, other key structural features were also inspected in detail to ensure the overall structural safety of the bridge.

[0056] Furthermore, the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional regions are determined according to the regional morphologies of the multiple three-dimensional regions, the regional areas of the multiple three-dimensional regions and the relative positions of the multiple three-dimensional regions, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the regional morphologies of the multiple three-dimensional regions, the regional areas of the multiple three-dimensional regions and the relative positions of the multiple three-dimensional regions, and ensures the accuracy of the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional regions.

[0057] At this point, the morphology of each three-dimensional region is analyzed in detail; the morphology includes regular shapes (such as rectangles, circles) and irregular shapes; for regular shapes, their geometric center is calculated directly; for irregular shapes, a more complex algorithm is needed to estimate the center position; then, the area of ​​each three-dimensional region is calculated; area information is important for determining the central node because it helps understand the size and scale of the region, thereby locating the central node more accurately; for regular shapes, area calculation is relatively simple; for irregular shapes, numerical integration or approximation methods are required.

[0058] When determining the central node, the relative position relationship between the three-dimensional areas also needs to be considered, including the distance and direction between the areas and their layout in the entire bridge structure. This information helps to more fully understand the role and importance of each area in the bridge. Based on the above analysis, use appropriate algorithms or methods to determine the central node of each three-dimensional area. For regular shapes, directly calculate the geometric center. For irregular shapes, use methods such as the centroid algorithm and weighted average position to estimate the central node. Finally, verify and adjust the determined central node, including checking whether the node position is reasonable and whether it conforms to the actual situation of the bridge structure.

[0059] Specifically, suppose that a three-dimensional model of a railway bridge under construction is being analyzed, and several key three-dimensional areas have been identified; now, their central nodes will be determined based on the morphology, area and relative position of these areas.

[0060] It is found that one of the areas is a supporting structure area that is approximately rectangular; for this area, its geometric center is directly calculated as the central node; using measurement tools or software functions, it is calculated that the area of ​​this rectangular area is approximately 10 square meters, and this information will be used for subsequent central node positioning; it is noted that this rectangular area is located on one side of the bridge and has a certain distance and direction relationship with several other key areas (such as the main beam and arch support), which will help to locate the central node more accurately; based on the morphology and area information of the rectangular area, the position of its central node is calculated using the geometric center algorithm, which is located at the center point of the rectangle and is consistent with the overall structural layout of the bridge; the determined central node is verified to ensure that it is located at the center of the rectangular area and maintains a reasonable distance and direction relationship with other key structural features of the bridge; after verification, it is found that the position of the central node is reasonable and conforms to the actual situation of the bridge structure.

[0061] Furthermore, based on the spatial positions of the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional areas, multiple images of the railway bridge under construction and the progress information of the railway bridge under construction, the current construction progress node of the railway bridge is determined, thereby achieving multi-dimensional control of the current construction progress node of the railway bridge.

[0062] At this point, the spatial positions of the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional areas determined in the previous steps are integrated. These nodes have clear coordinates in three-dimensional space, and together they constitute the key point network of the bridge structure; analyze multiple images of the railway bridge under construction, which come from drone aerial photography, on-site monitoring cameras or construction record photos; obtain important clues about the construction progress by analyzing the details in the images, such as material stacking, equipment layout, personnel activities, and completed structural parts; combine the image analysis results with the progress information of the railway bridge under construction; the progress information includes the construction plan, completed project volume, remaining construction period, etc., which helps to more accurately understand the current stage of construction and the next construction plan.

[0063] A comprehensive assessment is conducted based on the spatial position, image information, and progress information of the central node. Any delays or advances are identified by comparing the actual construction progress with the planned progress. At the same time, it is analyzed whether the current construction status meets the safety and stability requirements of the bridge structure. Finally, based on the results of the comprehensive assessment, the current construction progress node of the railway bridge is determined. This node is a specific construction stage (such as completion of foundation construction, beginning of erection of the main structure, etc.) or a more fine-grained construction step (such as completion of concrete pouring in a specific area).

[0064] Specifically, assume that a construction progress analysis is being conducted on a railway bridge under construction, and the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional areas have been determined; at the same time, multiple images and progress information during the bridge construction process have also been collected.

[0065] First, the spatial positions of the central nodes of each three-dimensional area were integrated to form a clear three-dimensional network diagram. These nodes represented the key support points and connection parts of the bridge structure. Then, the drone aerial images of the bridge construction site were analyzed. From the images, it can be seen that some parts of the bridge have completed concrete pouring, while other parts are undergoing steel bar tying and formwork installation. In addition, it was noticed that a large amount of materials and equipment were piled up at the construction site, indicating that construction activities were in full swing.

[0066] The image analysis results were compared with the construction plan; according to the plan, the foundation construction of the bridge should have been completed several months ago, while the erection of the main structure should have started within the current time period; by comparing the differences between the actual construction progress and the planned progress, it was found that the foundation construction of the bridge had been completed on time, but the erection of the main structure was slightly delayed; after a comprehensive assessment of the spatial position, image information and progress information of the central node, it was considered that although the current construction progress was slightly delayed, it was still within the controllable range; the structural safety and stability of the bridge were guaranteed, and the construction team was actively taking measures to speed up the progress; finally, the current construction progress node of the railway bridge was determined to be the "starting stage of the erection of the main structure", which marks that the bridge construction has entered a new stage and requires key attention and monitoring; at the same time, corresponding construction plans and measures were also formulated to ensure that subsequent construction can proceed smoothly as planned.

[0067] In another embodiment of the present application, the spatial positions of the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional regions, the multiple image features of the railway bridge under construction, and the progress information of the railway bridge under construction are matched with the predetermined construction progress nodes; the following is an example of a construction progress node matching table, as shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0068] In actual operation, the data collected on site (such as the actual spatial position of the central node, images taken on site, and construction progress reports) are compared with the features in the current construction progress node; when the collected data highly matches the features of a predetermined construction progress node, the current construction progress is considered to be at that node.

[0069] Therefore, the supporting bodies in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction are determined according to the traversal of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; the supporting areas are constructed based on the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional areas and the supporting bodies in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and multiple supporting nodes are formed based on the division of the supporting areas. Multiple supporting nodes are introduced to facilitate subsequent control of the multiple supporting nodes and the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge.

[0070] At this point, during the traversal process, a detailed analysis of the structure of the bridge is performed, which includes identifying the main supporting structures of the bridge, such as piers, bridge towers, arch supports, etc., which are the key to the bridge's ability to bear weight and maintain stability; during the traversal process, a detailed analysis of the structure of the bridge is performed, which includes identifying the main supporting structures of the bridge, such as piers, bridge towers, arch supports, etc., which are the key to the bridge's ability to bear weight and maintain stability; based on the results of the structural analysis, the supporting bodies in the bridge are identified; supporting bodies refer to those components or assemblies that play a major supporting role in the overall structure of the bridge; they are usually the strongest and most important parts of the bridge.

[0071] The central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional areas determined in the previous step are associated with the supporting bodies in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction. This is usually achieved by analyzing the position, shape and relative relationship of the central nodes with the supporting bodies; based on the association between the central nodes and the supporting bodies, the supporting areas are constructed; the supporting areas refer to the spatial areas surrounded by the supporting bodies and the central nodes associated with them. These areas are the most critical and important parts of the bridge structure because they directly support the weight and stability of the bridge.

[0072] Within the support area, multiple support nodes are further divided according to the complexity of the structure and the support requirements; support nodes refer to those points located in the support area that play a key supporting role in the bridge structure; they are usually key connection points or stress points in the bridge structure; the constructed support area and divided support nodes are verified and adjusted, which includes checking their rationality, whether they conform to the actual situation of the bridge structure and whether they meet the design requirements; if any problems or inconsistencies are found, return to the previous steps for re-analysis or adjustment.

[0073] Specifically, assume that a structural analysis is being conducted on a railway bridge under construction, and the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional areas have been determined; now, the supporting bodies will be determined based on these central nodes and the three-dimensional model of the bridge, and the supporting areas and supporting nodes will be constructed; the bridge model is traversed using 3D modeling software, and the structure of the bridge is carefully analyzed; during the traversal process, the main supporting structures of the bridge are identified, including piers and arch supports, which are the key to the stability of the bridge; after verification and confirmation, it is determined that the supporting bodies in the bridge are piers and arch supports, which are the strongest and most important parts of the bridge structure.

[0074] Next, the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional areas determined previously were associated with the supporting body; by analyzing the position, shape and relative relationship of the central nodes with the supporting body, it was found that some central nodes were located at the top of the piers or below the arch supports, and these nodes were closely associated with the supporting body; based on these associations, the supporting area was constructed; the supporting area is a spatial area surrounded by piers, arch supports and the central nodes associated with them, which are the most critical and important parts of the bridge structure; within the supporting area, multiple supporting nodes were further divided, which are located at the connection between the piers and the arch supports, the apex of the arch supports and the areas with dense central nodes, and these supporting nodes play a key supporting role in the bridge structure; finally, the constructed supporting area and the divided supporting nodes were verified and adjusted; by comparing with the design drawings and consulting engineers, the accuracy and rationality of the supporting area and supporting nodes were ensured.

[0075] In another embodiment of the present application, the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional regions and the supporting bodies in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction are matched with the predetermined supporting regions and supporting nodes; the following is an example of a supporting region matching table, as shown in Table 2: Table 2

[0076] In this support area matching table, the number of the central node, the corresponding support body type, the description of the support area, and the number and position of the divided support nodes are listed; by comparing the central node and support body information actually collected, the matching support area and support node are found.

[0077] In step S14, the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple support nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S141: obtaining the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and collecting a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; S142: determining a target form of the railway bridge under construction according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database; S143: interacting with the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge; S144: determining a first template matching parameter according to a current construction progress node of the railway bridge and a plurality of supporting nodes of the railway bridge, and determining a template matching parameter according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and a target shape of the railway bridge; S145: determining a theoretical form of a construction template of the railway bridge based on the first template matching parameter, the second template matching parameter, and the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; In an embodiment of the present application, the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge are obtained, and a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is collected; the target form of the railway bridge under construction is determined according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the bridge number and the railway bridge database, and ensures the accuracy of the target form of the railway bridge under construction.

[0078] At this time, the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge, and the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction are obtained. At the same time, the bridge number is a unique identifier of the bridge, which is usually assigned by the design department or management department during the bridge design stage; before construction begins, this number will be recorded in all relevant documents of the project, including design drawings, construction contracts, progress reports, etc.

[0079] The railway bridge database is a system that stores bridge design information, construction records, maintenance history and other data. The bridge number is used as the search keyword to find all information related to the bridge in the database, including the bridge's design drawings, structural analysis, material specifications, construction instructions, etc. The target form of the bridge is identified from the retrieved information. The target form usually includes the overall size, shape, material, structural details, etc. of the bridge.

[0080] Specifically, suppose a bridge named "XYZ Railway Bridge" is being built, and the bridge number is "BR00123"; find the bridge number "BR00123" of "XYZ Railway Bridge" in the project file; log in to the railway bridge database system using permissions or login credentials; enter the bridge number "BR00123" in the search box of the database; the system returns all information related to the bridge, including design drawings, structural analysis reports, material specifications, etc.

[0081] From the design drawings, we can see that the "XYZ Railway Bridge" is a reinforced concrete arch bridge with a total length of 300 meters and a main span of 150 meters; the structural analysis report describes the structural details of the bridge in detail, including the cross-sectional dimensions of the arch ribs, material strength, etc.; the material specifications list the types and specifications of all materials used for bridge construction; the design department was contacted to confirm the accuracy and completeness of the design drawings and structural analysis reports; the material specifications were also checked to ensure that all materials met the design requirements; finally, the consistency of the target form with the current construction progress and requirements was confirmed to ensure that the construction team can carry out construction according to the design requirements.

[0082] Furthermore, the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge and the target shape of the railway bridge are interacted; the first template matching parameters are determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge, and the template matching parameters are determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the target shape of the railway bridge, and the first template matching parameters and the second template matching parameters are introduced.

[0083] At this point, detailed information about the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge is collected, including the completed parts, ongoing work, and subsequent construction plans; at the same time, the location, status, and design requirements of all supporting nodes are summarized; the current construction progress and supporting node information are compared with the target form of the railway bridge, which involves checking whether the construction progress meets the design timeline, whether the location and status of the supporting nodes meet the structural requirements, and conducting interactive analysis to simulate the impact of the current construction progress and supporting nodes on the final form of the bridge, which helps to identify potential deviations or risks; based on the analysis results, necessary adjustment plans are formulated to ensure that the construction progress and supporting nodes meet the requirements of the target form.

[0084] Specifically, assume that the "XYZ Railway Bridge" is currently installing arch ribs, and the construction progress node is "arch ribs installed to 50%"; the supporting nodes include piers and temporary supporting structures, and their positions and status meet the design requirements; the target form is a complete reinforced concrete arch bridge; during the interactive analysis phase, it was found that the installation of arch ribs would affect the schedule for subsequent bridge deck laying due to the slightly slower-than-expected construction progress; at the same time, the supporting nodes were in good condition and no deviations were found; based on these findings, it was decided to adjust the construction plan and increase resource investment to accelerate the installation of arch ribs to ensure that subsequent work can proceed as planned.

[0085] At the same time, a first template matching parameter and a second template matching parameter are introduced. The first template matching parameter is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and multiple supporting nodes of the railway bridge, and the template matching parameter is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the target shape of the railway bridge.

[0086] At this time, with respect to the first template matching parameters, the construction progress and support nodes are analyzed, and the specific information of the current construction progress nodes and support nodes, such as construction speed, stability of support nodes, etc., is analyzed in detail; based on the analysis results, the template matching parameters related to the construction progress and support nodes are set, and these parameters will be used in the subsequent construction template matching process; at the same time, with respect to the second template matching parameters, the target form of the railway bridge is deeply analyzed, including structural size, shape and material requirements, etc.; based on the analysis results of the target form, the template matching parameters related to the bridge form are set.

[0087] Specifically, for the "XYZ Railway Bridge", the following template matching parameters are set: The first template matching parameter: according to the current arch rib installation progress, set the length of the arch rib that needs to be installed every day; support node stability parameter: ensure that the stability of the piers and temporary support structures meets the design requirements.

[0088] The second template matching parameters: ensure that the cross-sectional dimensions of the installed arch ribs are consistent with the design drawings; bridge deck material parameters: specify the material type and specifications used for the bridge deck.

[0089] Therefore, the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is determined based on the first template matching parameters, the second template matching parameters and the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the first template matching parameters, the second template matching parameters and the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, achieves further optimization of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and ensures the accuracy of the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

[0090] At this time, the first template matching parameters and the second template matching parameters are input into the corresponding 3D software; the 3D software constructs a 3D model of the construction template according to the input parameters, and this model reflects the theoretical form of the bridge under the current construction progress; verifies whether the model meets the design requirements, and if necessary, adjusts the template matching parameters and rebuilds the model according to the analysis results; finally, outputs the theoretical form of the construction template as a benchmark for subsequent construction and monitoring.

[0091] At the same time, the first template matching parameters, the second template matching parameters and the three-dimensional model information of the railway bridge under construction are integrated based on the construction template theoretical form matching table to determine the theoretical form of the construction template. The following is an example of the construction template theoretical form matching table, as shown in Table 3: Table 3

[0092] In this construction template theoretical morphology matching table, the key first template matching parameters (such as construction progress, support node stability, construction speed, etc.) and second template matching parameters (such as arch rib cross-sectional dimensions, bridge deck material type, bridge deck thickness, etc.) are listed, as well as relevant information provided by the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction (such as the current installation status and dimensions of the arch rib, the status of the piers and temporary support structures, the status of the preparatory work before bridge deck laying, etc.); by comparing and analyzing this information, the theoretical morphology description of the construction template is obtained.

[0093] For example, in the first row, based on the 50% arch rib installation progress and the arch rib cross-sectional dimensions of 2m x 3m, combined with the current installation status and dimensions of the arch rib in the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction, the description of "theoretical arch rib shape 1" was obtained; similarly, the corresponding theoretical shape descriptions were obtained for other parameters and three-dimensional model information matching.

[0094] In step S15, the next construction node is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and the final form of the construction template is output based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S151: determining a planned construction route of the railway bridge according to the bridge number, the location of the railway bridge under construction and the railway bridge database; S152: interacting with the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and determining the next construction node according to the interaction of the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge; S153: Collect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; S154: performing multiple matching on the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; S155: Outputting a final form of the construction template according to multiple matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; S156: configuring the final form of the construction template around the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and performing virtual matching on the railway bridge under construction; S157: determining a matching node between the railway bridge under construction and the construction template according to the virtual matching of the railway bridge under construction, and optimizing the assembly of the construction template to the railway bridge under construction according to the management and control of the matching node; In an embodiment of the present application, the planned construction route of the railway bridge is determined based on the bridge number, the location of the railway bridge under construction, and the railway bridge database; the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge are interacted, and the next construction node is determined based on the interaction of the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, thereby achieving further control over the next construction node.

[0095] At this point, the system can accurately locate a specific bridge project through the bridge number and location information of the railway bridge under construction. This information is usually determined when the project starts and stored in the project management system. The system will search the railway bridge database based on the bridge number and location information. This database contains detailed information on all railway bridge projects, including design documents, construction plans, historical progress records, etc. After retrieving the information of the corresponding bridge project in the database, the system will extract the construction planning route of the bridge, which is usually a detailed construction process, including the sequence and timing of all key steps from foundation construction to bridge deck laying, and then to the installation of ancillary facilities. Finally, based on the current environmental conditions (such as weather, geology, etc.) and resource availability, the system will optimize and adjust the extracted construction planning route and confirm the final construction route.

[0096] At the same time, the system will first identify the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, which is usually achieved through real-time monitoring of the on-site construction situation or through progress reports submitted by the project manager; then, the system will compare the current construction progress node with the planned construction route, which helps the system understand whether the current construction is proceeding according to plan, and whether there are delays or early completion; based on the comparison results, the system will determine the next construction node; if the current construction node is consistent with the planned route, then the next construction node is the next step in the planned route; if there is a delay, the system will adjust the next construction node to adapt to the actual situation; after determining the next construction node, the system also needs to consider resource allocation issues, including the deployment of construction personnel, materials, equipment and other resources to ensure that the next construction node can proceed smoothly.

[0097] Specifically, suppose there is a railway bridge project numbered "BR001" located at "XX section of XX district in a certain city"; based on this information, the system will retrieve detailed information of the "BR001" project in the railway bridge database; the construction planning route extracted from the information is as follows: Foundation construction: including excavation of pier foundation, steel bar binding and concrete pouring, which is expected to take 2 months; arch rib installation: after the foundation construction is completed, the arch ribs will be prefabricated, transported and installed, which is expected to take 1.5 months; bridge deck paving: after the arch ribs are installed, the bridge deck will be reinforced, concrete poured and paved, which is expected to take 1 month; ancillary facilities installation: including the installation of ancillary facilities such as guardrails, lighting, drainage systems, etc., which is expected to take 0.5 months; considering the current good weather and the experienced construction team, the system will confirm this planned route, or only optimize and adjust some details.

[0098] Assume that the current construction progress node is "foundation construction is 80% completed"; the system will compare this progress node with the construction planning route and find that the foundation construction is expected to take 2 months, but now 1.5 months have passed and the progress has reached 80%, indicating that the construction is progressing smoothly and will be completed ahead of schedule.

[0099] Therefore, the system will determine that the next construction node is "arch rib installation"; at the same time, the system will notify the arch rib prefabrication manufacturer in advance to start production, and arrange transportation vehicles and installation teams to be ready to ensure that the arch rib installation can proceed smoothly.

[0100] Furthermore, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge are collected; multiple matching is performed on the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; the final form of the construction template is output based on the multiple matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, thereby achieving multiple matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, and ensuring the final form of the construction template.

[0101] At this time, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge are collected, and the next construction node is introduced. At the same time, the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template are compared and analyzed, which includes multiple dimensions such as size matching, form matching, and structure matching to ensure that the construction template can perfectly adapt to the actual state of the bridge under construction and meet the design requirements.

[0102] Optionally, determine the next construction node: This step is based on the previous analysis and has clarified the next construction focus, such as the installation of arch ribs or the laying of bridge decks; obtain the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction: use three-dimensional scanning, drone photogrammetry or BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology to obtain a three-dimensional model of the current state of the railway bridge under construction. This model accurately reflects the actual structure, size and shape of the bridge; extract the theoretical form of the construction template: select the theoretical form that matches the current construction node from the construction template database. This theoretical form is pre-established based on design requirements and standard processes, and represents the ideal state of this construction stage.

[0103] Furthermore, the results of multiple matching are comprehensively evaluated to identify any mismatches or areas that need adjustment. Based on the evaluation results, necessary adjustments are made to the construction template, including modifying the size, adjusting the shape, optimizing the connection nodes, etc., to ensure that the construction template can perfectly adapt to the actual status of the bridge under construction. After the adjustment is completed, the final shape of the construction template is output, which not only meets the design requirements but also perfectly adapts to the actual status of the bridge under construction, providing precise guidance for subsequent construction.

[0104] Specifically, assume that the next construction node is "arch rib installation"; at this time, the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction shows that the piers have been completed, and the size and position meet the design requirements; the theoretical form of arch rib installation extracted from the construction template database includes detailed information such as the prefabricated size, installation angle, and connection nodes of the arch rib.

[0105] Multiple matching analysis found that the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction was highly consistent with the theoretical form of the construction template in terms of size and shape, but there were slight differences in some connection nodes, which were caused by minor adjustments in on-site construction or measurement errors.

[0106] Based on the results of the multiple matching analysis, the construction team fine-tuned the arch rib installation template; they adjusted certain connection nodes of the arch ribs to ensure that they perfectly matched the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction.

[0107] After the adjustment is completed, the final form of the construction template is output and used to guide the subsequent arch rib installation work. This final form ensures that the arch rib can be installed on the bridge accurately and efficiently, which not only meets the design requirements but also ensures the construction quality and progress.

[0108] In another embodiment of the present application, the multiple matching relationships between the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the railway bridge construction template are clearly displayed in the form of a final form matching table of the construction template; the following is an example of a final form matching table of a construction template, as shown in Table 4: Table 4

[0109] In the final form matching table of this construction template, the key matching items are listed, and for each matching item, the requirements of the next construction node, the actual status of the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction, and the standards of the theoretical form of the construction template are compared; the matching results are divided into two categories: "match" and "need to be adjusted"; for the matching items that "need to be adjusted", corresponding adjustments will be made in subsequent steps.

[0110] Therefore, the final form of the construction template is configured around the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the railway bridge under construction is virtually matched; the matching nodes of the railway bridge under construction and the construction template are determined according to the virtual matching of the railway bridge under construction, and the assembly of the construction template on the railway bridge under construction is optimized according to the management and control of the matching nodes. At the same time, the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is further accurately controlled, and the overall consideration of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is compatible, so as to realize the accurate management and control of the final form of the construction template and ensure the high matching of the construction template and the railway bridge under construction.

[0111] At this point, in step S155, the final form of the optimized and adjusted construction template has been obtained. This form includes all necessary information such as size, shape, connection nodes, etc., which is used to guide the subsequent construction; use the BIM platform to import the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction. This model should contain all the current structural information of the bridge for accurate virtual matching; "place" or "configure" the final form of the construction template around the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction. This is usually achieved through positioning, rotation, scaling and other functions in the software to ensure that the construction template and the bridge under construction are accurately aligned in three-dimensional space; after configuring the construction template, perform virtual matching, which includes checking the degree of matching between the construction template and the bridge under construction in terms of size, shape, connection nodes, etc.; virtual matching simulates real construction scenes to help identify potential problems or conflicts.

[0112] During the virtual matching process, the matching nodes between the construction template and the bridge under construction are identified. These nodes are the key points of connection between the construction template and the bridge structure, and are crucial to ensuring construction quality and accuracy. The identified matching nodes are strictly controlled, which includes checking whether the size, shape, position, etc. of the nodes meet the design requirements, and ensuring that the connectors, fasteners, etc. at the nodes can be correctly installed. According to the control results of the matching nodes, the construction template is optimized as necessary, which includes adjusting the size, shape or position of the nodes to ensure that the construction template can perfectly adapt to the actual status of the bridge under construction. After optimizing the construction template, assembly optimization is carried out, which includes formulating a detailed assembly plan, process and schedule to ensure that the construction template can be smoothly assembled to the bridge structure as planned.

[0113] Specifically, assuming that a railway arch bridge is being built, the next construction node is the installation of the arch ribs; in step S155, the final form of the optimized arch rib construction template has been obtained.

[0114] In step S156, the three-dimensional model of the railway arch bridge under construction is first imported. The model contains the completed structural information such as piers and bridge decks. Then, the optimized arch rib construction template is configured above the piers, and the positioning function in the software is used to ensure the precise alignment of the arch ribs and piers.

[0115] Next, a virtual match was performed; upon inspection, it was found that the arch rib construction template perfectly matched the bridge under construction in terms of size and shape, but there were slight deviations at the connection nodes, which were caused by minor adjustments or measurement errors during on-site construction.

[0116] In step S157, the matching nodes between the arch rib construction template and the bridge pier are first determined. These nodes are located at the connection between the arch rib and the bridge pier and are the key points to ensure the correct installation of the arch rib.

[0117] These matching nodes were then strictly controlled; through inspection, it was found that the deviations at the connection nodes were mainly caused by minor adjustments during on-site construction; to solve this problem, the connection nodes of the arch rib construction formwork were fine-tuned to ensure that they were perfectly aligned with the connection points of the piers.

[0118] Next, assembly optimization was carried out; a detailed arch rib installation plan was developed, including the installation sequence, required materials, staffing and schedule, etc.; by optimizing the assembly process, it was ensured that the arch ribs could be smoothly installed on the piers as planned, thus ensuring the construction quality and progress.

[0119] Embodiment three: See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a matching system for a construction template of a railway bridge in an embodiment of the present invention; like Figure 3 As shown, a matching system for a construction template of a railway bridge, the matching system for a construction template of a railway bridge comprises: An image module 21 is used to determine a plurality of images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions based on the circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by the drone; A stereo module 22, for determining a stereo model of the railway bridge under construction according to the multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction; A node module 23, used to determine the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; Theoretical form module 24, used to determine the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge; The final form module 25 is used to determine the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and output the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

[0120] The technical features of the above embodiments are arbitrarily combined. In order to make the description concise, not all combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for matching construction templates for railway bridges, characterized in that: include: Based on the circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by the UAV, multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different locations are determined; determining a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction according to the plurality of images and the target shape of the railway bridge under construction; Determine the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; Determine the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge; The next construction node is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and the final form of the construction template is output based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

2. The method for matching the construction template of a railway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different locations based on the circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by the drone includes: Collect the locations of railway bridges under construction; Determine a detection route of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction according to the location of the railway bridge under construction, the surrounding environment of the location of the railway bridge under construction, and the current location of the UAV; The UAV flies along the detection route and triggers autonomous control of the camera's attitude according to the direction of the UAV relative to the railway bridge under construction, the position of the camera configured on the UAV, and the shooting direction; As the UAV flies, the camera performs circular detection relative to the railway bridge under construction and takes pictures at different positions of the railway bridge under construction to collect multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions.

3. The method for matching the construction template of a railway bridge according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Determining the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction according to the multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction includes: Collect bridge numbers of railway bridges under construction; Determine the target form of the railway bridge under construction based on the bridge number and the railway bridge database; Matching multiple images and object shapes of railway bridges under construction; Determining a plurality of stereo features based on matching of the plurality of images and the target morphology of the railway bridge under construction; The three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is determined based on the synthesis of multiple three-dimensional features.

4. The method for matching the construction template of a railway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction includes: Get a diorama of a railway bridge under construction; Testing the 3D model of the railway bridge under construction and collecting multiple 3D areas during the testing process; Determine the central nodes of the plurality of three-dimensional regions according to the region shapes of the plurality of three-dimensional regions, the region areas of the plurality of three-dimensional regions, and the relative positions of the plurality of three-dimensional regions; The current construction progress node of the railway bridge is determined based on the spatial positions of the central nodes of the multiple stereoscopic areas, the multiple images of the railway bridge under construction, and the progress information of the railway bridge under construction.

5. The method for matching the construction template of a railway bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of determining the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction also includes: Determining a supporting body in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction according to traversing the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; A support area is constructed based on central nodes of multiple three-dimensional areas and supporting bodies in a three-dimensional model of a railway bridge under construction, and multiple supporting nodes are formed based on the division of the support area.

6. The method for matching the construction template of a railway bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of determining the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple support nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge includes: Obtain the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and collect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; Determine the target form of the railway bridge under construction based on the bridge number and the railway bridge database; Interact with the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge; Determine a first template matching parameter according to a current construction progress node of the railway bridge and a plurality of supporting nodes of the railway bridge, and determine a template matching parameter according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and a target shape of the railway bridge; The theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is determined based on the first template matching parameters, the second template matching parameters and the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction.

7. The method for matching the construction template of a railway bridge according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, includes: Determine the planned construction route of the railway bridge according to the bridge number, the location of the railway bridge under construction and the railway bridge database; The current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge are interacted, and the next construction node is determined according to the interaction of the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge.

8. The method for matching the construction template of a railway bridge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method of determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, further includes: Collect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; Perform multiple matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; The final form of the construction template is output based on multiple matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

9. The method for matching the construction template of a railway bridge according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, further includes: The final form of the construction template is arranged around the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the railway bridge under construction is virtually matched; The matching nodes between the railway bridge under construction and the construction template are determined based on the virtual matching of the railway bridge under construction, and the assembly of the railway bridge under construction by the construction template is optimized based on the management and control of the matching nodes.

10. A matching system for construction templates of railway bridges, characterized in that: The matching system of the construction template of the railway bridge is applied to the matching method of the construction template of the railway bridge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the matching system of the construction template of the railway bridge comprises: An image module, used for determining multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions based on circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by the UAV; A stereo module, for determining a stereo model of the railway bridge under construction according to the multiple images and the target shape of the railway bridge under construction; A node module, used to determine the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; A theoretical form module is used to determine the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge; The final form module is used to determine the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the planned construction route of the railway bridge, and output the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

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