Permanent magnet motor

Abstract

A permanent magnet motor disclosed by the present invention comprises a motor mechanism, the motor mechanism comprises a stator and a rotor, the stator sleeves the rotor, the rotor comprises a rotating shaft and a rotor iron core, the stator comprises a stator iron core, the permanent magnet motor further comprises a driving mechanism and a connecting mechanism, the driving mechanism is fixed on the motor mechanism through the connecting mechanism, and the connecting mechanism is fixed on the motor mechanism. A plurality of rotor magnetic poles are arranged in a rotor core of the motor mechanism, a plurality of stator magnetic cylinders are arranged on a stator core, stator magnetic shafts are arranged in the stator magnetic cylinders, stator magnetic poles are arranged in the stator magnetic shafts, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the stator magnetic shafts to rotate and driving the rotor to rotate. The permanent magnet motor provided by the invention is low in energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automobile technology, in particular to a permanent magnet motor used in an automobile power system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of social economy, all walks of life are changing with each passing day. Various electric equipment has been developed and applied to various fields. Motors are widely used in many fields as key equipment.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN107171457A discloses an electromagnetic generator and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein an electric coil is added to the generator power coil core, and a commutation control device is used to energize the electric coil core A to generate repulsion when it is about to leave the permanent magnet N pole, and the power is turned off after it rotates a certain angle. After the permanent magnet S pole is rotated, the power is reversed to generate repulsion with the permanent magnet S pole and then rotate away, and the operation is repeated in this way, and multiple groups of permanent magnets and coils are added, and the power is turned off when the permanent magnet and the coil core are close, and the power is turned on when they leave to generate repulsion, so that the power on the rotor is increased, the resistance is reduced, and the rotor obtains a stable torque with unchanged direction. The frequency of energizing the electric coil core is still high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet motor which utilizes permanent magnets and low-frequency power supply to drive the motor to rotate.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the permanent magnet motor disclosed in the present invention is:

[0006] A permanent magnet motor comprises a motor mechanism, wherein the motor mechanism comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator is sleeved on the rotor, wherein the rotor comprises a rotating shaft and a rotor core, wherein the stator comprises a stator core, and further comprises a driving mechanism and a connecting mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is fixed to the motor mechanism via the connecting mechanism, wherein a plurality of rotor magnetic poles are arranged in the rotor core of the motor mechanism, wherein a plurality of stator magnetic cylinders are arranged in the stator magnetic cylinder, wherein a stator magnetic axis is arranged in the stator magnetic axis, wherein a stator magnetic pole is arranged in the stator magnetic axis, and wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the stator magnetic axis to rotate, thereby driving the rotor to rotate.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the motor mechanism further includes a first motor end cover and a second motor end cover, wherein the first motor end cover and the second motor end cover are respectively located at two ends of the stator, a sensor is provided on the first motor end cover, and an inductive output head is provided on the rotor, and the sensor enables the driving mechanism to drive the stator shaft to rotate according to the position of the inductive output head.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a driving iron core and a driving coil bracket, the driving iron core is provided with a plurality of driving magnetic axis cylinders and winding bracket holes, the winding bracket holes are arranged on the periphery of the driving magnetic axis cylinder, the driving coil bracket is arranged on the winding bracket hole, the driving coil bracket is provided with a coil winding, the driving magnetic axis cylinder is distributed in a circular shape, a driving magnetic axis is arranged in the driving magnetic axis cylinder, a driving magnetic pole is arranged in the driving magnetic axis, shaft teeth are arranged on the driving magnetic axis, meshing teeth are arranged on the stator magnetic axis, and the shaft teeth mesh with the meshing teeth.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the angle between the magnetic force lines of the driving magnetic pole and the magnetic force lines of the coil winding is 30° to 60°.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the connecting mechanism includes a connecting end cover, which is provided with a driving magnetic shaft hole, a stator magnetic shaft hole and an engagement groove, the driving magnetic shaft hole and the stator magnetic shaft hole both pass through the engagement groove, the driving magnetic shaft of the driving mechanism is arranged in the driving magnetic shaft hole, the stator magnetic shaft of the motor mechanism is arranged in the stator magnetic shaft hole, and the shaft teeth on the driving magnetic shaft are engaged with the engagement teeth on the stator magnetic shaft in the engagement groove.

[0011] As a preferred solution, a limiting column and a positioning sensor are provided at the bottom of the engagement groove, and a limiting blade is provided on the driving magnetic shaft, and the limiting blade rotates within the area defined by the limiting column.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the driving magnetic axis drives the stator magnetic axis to rotate within the rotation area, and the rotation angle of the stator magnetic axis is 180°.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the tooth number ratio of the shaft teeth on the driving magnetic shaft to the meshing teeth on the stator magnetic shaft is 2:1.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism, and the connecting mechanism includes a first connecting mechanism and a second connecting mechanism. The first driving mechanism is arranged at one end of the motor mechanism through the first connecting mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is arranged at the other end of the motor mechanism through the second connecting mechanism.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the number of stator magnetic axis cylinders on the stator core is the sum of the number of driving magnetic axis cylinders on the first driving mechanism and the number of driving magnetic axis cylinders on the second driving mechanism.

[0016] The permanent magnet motor disclosed in the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the driving mechanism drives the stator to rotate, so that the stator magnetic pole pair group on the stator rotates, and the magnetic force of the stator magnetic pole pair group on the rotor magnetic pole group is used to drive the rotor to rotate, driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the energy consumption is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the permanent magnet motor of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the motor mechanism of the permanent magnet motor of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the permanent magnet motor rotor of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the permanent magnet motor body of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the permanent magnet motor driving the magnetic axis of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the driving magnetic axis and the stator magnetic axis of the permanent magnet motor of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a first driving mechanism of a permanent magnet motor of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of one side of the first connecting mechanism of the permanent magnet motor of the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the other side of the first connecting mechanism of the permanent magnet motor of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described and illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A permanent magnet motor includes a motor mechanism 10, two drive mechanisms 20, 30 and two connecting mechanisms 40, 50, wherein the first drive mechanism 20 is fixed to one side of the motor mechanism 10 through the connecting mechanism 40, and the second drive mechanism 30 is fixed to the other side of the motor mechanism through the connecting mechanism 50.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 3 The motor mechanism 10 includes a rotor 11, a stator, a motor housing 13, a first motor end cover 14 and a second motor end cover 15. The stator is in a ring shape and is sleeved on the rotor 11. The motor housing 13 is sleeved on the stator. The first motor end cover 14 and the second motor end cover 15 are arranged at both ends of the motor housing 13.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 4 The rotor 11 includes a rotor core 111, four rotor pole groups 112, a first rotor end cover 114, a second rotor end cover 115 and a rotating shaft 113, please refer to Figure 5The rotor core 111 is provided with four groups of rotor pole group holes and a shaft hole 1111. A shaft key 1112 is provided on the edge of the shaft hole 1111. The shaft 113 is arranged in the shaft hole 1111. The rotor core 111 and the shaft 113 are rotated synchronously by the shaft key 1112. Rotor poles S11, S12, S21, S22, S31, S32, S41, and S42 are provided in the rotor pole group holes. The rotor poles S11 and S12 form a group of rotor pole group S1. The rotor pole group S1 forms a magnetic field in the surrounding area. The rotor poles S21 and S22 form a group of rotor pole group S2. The rotor poles S31 and S32 form a group of rotor pole group S3. The rotor poles S41 and S42 form a group of rotor pole group S4. The magnetic fields formed by two adjacent groups of rotor pole groups in the inner and outer directions of the rotor core 111 are exactly opposite in direction. The first rotor end cover 114 is provided with a shaft through hole and a convex portion 1141. The convex portion 1141 is provided with four induction output holes. The four induction output holes are provided with induction output heads 116 corresponding to the four groups of rotor magnetic pole groups 112. The induction output heads 116 correspond to the middle position of each group of rotor magnetic pole groups respectively. The second rotor end cover 115 is provided with a shaft light hole. One end of the shaft 113 passes through the shaft light hole of the second rotor end cover 115, the shaft hole 1111 of the rotor core 111 and the shaft through hole of the first rotor end cover 114. The first rotor end cover 114 and the second rotor end cover 115 are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotor core 111, and fix the rotor core 111 and the shaft 113.

[0030] The stator includes a stator core 12, twenty stator magnetic poles and corresponding stator magnetic axes. The stator magnetic poles are arranged in the stator magnetic axes. The stator core 12 is provided with a rotor through hole and a plurality of stator magnetic cylinders. The stator magnetic cylinders are circumferentially distributed around the rotor through hole. The stator magnetic axis is arranged in the stator magnetic cylinder of the stator core 12. One end of the stator magnetic axis is provided with meshing teeth. In this embodiment, there are twenty stator magnetic poles, and the twenty stator magnetic poles are divided into four groups corresponding to the rotor magnetic pole groups. Each group of stator magnetic poles is A, B, C, D and E, with a total of 5 stator magnetic poles. The polarity direction of each group of stator magnetic poles is the same, and the polarity of the stator magnetic poles in adjacent magnetic axis groups is opposite in the inside and outside directions of the stator core.

[0031] The first motor end cover 14 and the second motor end cover 15 are fixed to the stator core 12. In this embodiment, the stator core 12 is provided with a plurality of connection holes. The first motor end cover 14 and the second motor end cover 15 are fixedly connected to the stator core 12, the first motor end cover 14 and the second motor end cover 15 by locking screws. The rotor 11 can rotate relative to the stator, but cannot move axially. Please refer to Figure 6, the first motor end cover 14 is provided with a rotor bearing slot 141, a protruding hole 142, a sensor group slot 143, a stator magnetic axis hole 144, a sensor outlet hole 145 and a fixed connection hole 147, the rotor bearing slot 141 is provided with a bearing, the rotating shaft 113 is arranged in the bearing, the sensor group slot 143 is provided with a sensor group 146, the sensor group has a total of five sensors, corresponding to the A, B, C, D and E stator poles of one group of stator poles, which are used to sense with the induction output head 16, and the present embodiment uses a Hall sensor and a magnetic induction output head to sense the relative position. The Hall sensor group has a total of five Hall sensors, which are fixedly arranged in the sensor group slot 143 of the first motor end cover 14 in a 90° arc, that is, the adjacent Hall sensors are spaced 18° apart, and the Hall sensor group corresponds to the A, B, C, D and E stator poles of one group of stator poles respectively.

[0032] The first drive mechanism 20 and the second drive mechanism 30 have the same structure, and the first drive mechanism 20 is used as an example to illustrate the structure. Figure 7 The first driving mechanism 20 includes a driving core 21, a first driving end cover 22, a second driving end cover 23, a driving magnetic axis 25, a driving coil bracket 26, a driving cover piece 27, a driving cover plate 28 and a driving shell 24. The first driving end cover 22 and the second driving end cover 23 are respectively arranged at both ends of the driving core 21. The driving shell 24 is sleeved on the driving core 21. The driving cover piece 27 and the driving cover plate 28 are arranged on the outside of the second driving end cover 23. The driving cover piece 27 is arranged between the driving cover plate 28 and the second driving end cover 23.

[0033] The driving core 21 is provided with a plurality of driving magnetic axis cylinders and winding support holes. The winding support holes are provided at the periphery of the driving magnetic axis cylinder. In this embodiment, the number of the driving magnetic axis cylinders is 10, and the number of driving magnetic axis cylinders of the two driving mechanisms is 20 in total, corresponding to the number of stator magnetic axes. The driving magnetic axis cylinders are distributed in a circular shape, the driving magnetic axis 25 is provided in the driving magnetic axis cylinder, the driving magnetic axis 25 is provided with a driving magnetic pole, one end of the driving magnetic axis 25 is provided with shaft teeth 252 and a limiting blade 251, the driving coil support 26 is provided in the winding support hole, and the driving coil support 26 is provided with a coil winding.

[0034] The driving coil bracket 26 is arranged at both ends of the driving iron core 21, and each driving magnetic shaft 25 is inserted through the driving coil bracket 26 on both sides of the driving magnetic cylinder. Bearings 253 are sleeved at both ends of the driving magnetic shaft 25. The first driving end cover 22 and the second driving end cover 23 are provided with 10 holes distributed in a circumference for the driving magnetic shaft 25 to pass through. A bracket groove and a bearing groove are respectively provided on both sides of each hole. The driving coil bracket 26 is placed in the bracket groove, and the bearing sleeved on the driving magnetic shaft 25 is placed in the bearing groove to facilitate the rotation of the driving magnetic shaft 25. The shaft teeth 252 and the limiting blade 251 at one end of the driving magnetic shaft 25 extend out of the first driving end cover 22.

[0035] The line connecting the N pole and the S pole of the driving magnetic pole in the driving magnetic shaft 25 forms a certain angle with the central axis of the coil winding on the driving coil bracket 26, preferably 45° or 135°. The coil winding rotates the driving magnetic shaft 25 by driving the driving magnetic pole in the driving magnetic shaft 25. The limiting blade 251 is used to limit the rotation angle of the driving magnetic shaft 25. When the power supply direction of the coil winding is changed, the driving magnetic pole rotates forward or reversely under the action of the coil winding, driving the driving magnetic shaft 25 to rotate.

[0036] The first connecting mechanism 40 and the second connecting mechanism 50 have the same structure, and the structure thereof will be described by taking the first connecting mechanism 40 as an example.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The first connecting mechanism 40 includes a connecting end cover and a circuit board. The connecting end cover is provided with a connecting through hole 42, a stator magnetic axis hole 44, an engagement groove and a driving magnetic axis hole 43. The driving magnetic axis hole 43 and the stator magnetic axis hole 44 both pass through the engagement groove. A circuit board groove 41 is provided on one side of the first connecting mechanism. The circuit board is arranged in the circuit board groove 41. A positioning column 46 and a limit sensor 47 are provided on the other side. The positioning column 46 and the limit sensor 47 are arranged at the bottom of the engagement groove. The positioning column 46 There are multiple ones distributed around the driving magnetic shaft hole 43. In this embodiment, the positioning column 46 is used to limit the rotation of the limiting blade 251 by 90°. The limit sensor 47 is arranged at the edge of the positioning column 46 to detect whether the limiting blade 251 is against the positioning column 46. An embedding hole is arranged at the bottom of the meshing groove for embedding a bearing to place the end of the driving magnetic shaft 25. The stator magnetic shaft extends out of the stator magnetic shaft hole 44, and the shaft teeth on the driving magnetic shaft 25 mesh with the meshing teeth on the stator magnetic shaft in the meshing groove.

[0038] In this embodiment, the tooth number ratio of the shaft teeth on the driving magnetic shaft to the meshing teeth on the stator magnetic shaft is 2:1, that is, when the driving magnetic shaft rotates 90°, the stator magnetic shaft rotates 180°, realizing magnetic pole reversal in the stator magnetic shaft.

[0039] In other embodiments, the stator magnetic shaft is rotated 180° by setting the tooth ratio of the shaft teeth on the driving magnetic shaft to the meshing teeth on the stator magnetic shaft and the rotation angle of the driving magnetic shaft, so that the rotation of the driving magnetic shaft causes the magnetic poles in the stator magnetic shaft to be reversed.

[0040] By utilizing the interaction between the stator poles and the rotor poles in the motor mechanism 10, the rotor 11 is rotated. When one of the rotor pole groups rotates to the first stator pole of a group of stator pole groups, specifically, when one of the Hall sensor sensing heads on the rotor yoke rotates to the first Hall sensor corresponding to the Hall sensor group, that is, when the Hall sensor sensing head rotates to the stator pole A of a group of stator pole groups corresponding to the Hall sensor group, the stator magnetic axis of the stator pole A is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, so that the magnetic polarity of the stator pole A facing the rotor pole group is the same as the polarity of the rotor pole group, and the rotor continues to rotate to move the stator pole A. The attraction on the rotor magnetic pole group changes into repulsion, driving the rotor to continue rotating in the direction of rotation. At this time, the Hall sensor sensing head is facing the stator magnetic pole B and the corresponding Hall sensor. The stator magnetic pole B changes direction, and the rotor continues to rotate. At this time, the stator magnetic pole A and the stator magnetic pole B exert repulsion on the rotor magnetic pole group. Similarly, the stator magnetic pole C, the stator magnetic pole D and the stator magnetic pole E change direction respectively, exerting repulsion on the rotor magnetic pole group, driving the rotor to rotate in the direction of rotation. At this time, the other Hall sensor sensing head rotates to the stator magnetic pole A of a stator magnetic pole group corresponding to the Hall sensor group, so that the stator magnetic pole A changes direction again, thereby driving the rotor to rotate continuously.

[0041] The magnetic poles in the second stator magnetic axis of the stator magnetic pole group are reversed, driving the rotor to continue rotating in the direction of rotation, and reversed in sequence. Since there are 4 stator magnetic pole groups in this embodiment, each stator magnetic pole group has 5 stator magnetic axes, the magnetic poles of 4 stator magnetic axes are reversed each time the commutation is performed, thereby driving the rotor to rotate continuously.

[0042] By changing the current direction of the driving coil in the driving mechanism, the rotation of the driving magnetic shaft in the driving mechanism is controlled, and the rotation of the stator magnetic shaft is achieved by the meshing rotation of the shaft teeth on the driving magnetic shaft and the meshing teeth on the stator magnetic shaft.

[0043] According to the working principle of the above-mentioned motor mechanism, the current direction of the four driving coils in the driving mechanism is controlled to make the driving magnetic shaft rotate, and the power is cut off after the direction of the magnetic pole in the driving magnetic shaft is changed, while the other driving coils continue to be powered off. The shaft teeth on the driving magnetic shaft and the meshing teeth on the stator magnetic shaft are meshed and rotated to change the polarity of the magnetic pole in the stator magnetic shaft and drive the rotor to rotate. It can be seen that in normal operation, the four driving coils only need to be energized briefly in sequence to achieve the rotation of the rotor, with low energy consumption.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet motor, comprising a motor mechanism, the motor mechanism comprising a stator and a rotor, the stator being sleeved on the rotor, the rotor comprising a rotating shaft and a rotor core, the stator comprising a stator core, characterized in that: It also includes a driving mechanism and a connecting mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is fixed to the motor mechanism through the connecting mechanism, a plurality of rotor magnetic poles are arranged in the rotor core of the motor mechanism, a plurality of stator magnetic cylinders are arranged in the stator core, a stator magnetic axis is arranged in the stator magnetic cylinder, a stator magnetic pole is arranged in the stator magnetic axis, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the stator magnetic axis to rotate, thereby driving the rotor to rotate.

2. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor mechanism further includes a first motor end cover and a second motor end cover, wherein the first motor end cover and the second motor end cover are respectively located at two ends of the stator, a sensor is provided on the first motor end cover, and an inductive output head is provided on the rotor. The sensor enables the driving mechanism to drive the stator shaft to rotate according to the position of the inductive output head.

3. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving iron core and a driving coil bracket. The driving iron core is provided with a plurality of driving magnetic axis cylinders and winding bracket holes. The winding bracket holes are arranged on the periphery of the driving magnetic axis cylinder. The driving coil bracket is arranged on the winding bracket hole. The driving coil bracket is provided with a coil winding. The driving magnetic axis cylinder is distributed in a circular shape. A driving magnetic axis is arranged in the driving magnetic axis cylinder. A driving magnetic pole is arranged in the driving magnetic axis. Shaft teeth are arranged on the driving magnetic axis. Meshing teeth are arranged on the stator magnetic axis. The shaft teeth mesh with the meshing teeth.

4. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle formed by the magnetic force lines of the driving magnetic pole and the magnetic force lines of the coil winding is 30° to 60°.

5. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism includes a connecting end cover, on which a driving magnetic shaft hole, a stator magnetic shaft hole and an engagement groove are provided. The driving magnetic shaft hole and the stator magnetic shaft hole both pass through the engagement groove. The driving magnetic shaft of the driving mechanism is arranged in the driving magnetic shaft hole, and the stator magnetic shaft of the motor mechanism is arranged in the stator magnetic shaft hole. The shaft teeth on the driving magnetic shaft are engaged with the engagement teeth on the stator magnetic shaft in the engagement groove.

6. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting column and a positioning sensor are provided at the bottom of the meshing groove, and a limiting blade is provided on the driving magnetic shaft. The limiting blade rotates within the area defined by the limiting column.

7. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving magnetic shaft drives the stator magnetic shaft to rotate within the rotation area, and the rotation angle of the stator magnetic shaft is 180°.

8. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gear ratio between the shaft teeth on the driving magnetic shaft and the meshing teeth on the stator magnetic shaft is 2:

1.

9. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism, and the connecting mechanism includes a first connecting mechanism and a second connecting mechanism. The first driving mechanism is arranged at one end of the motor mechanism through the first connecting mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is arranged at the other end of the motor mechanism through the second connecting mechanism.

10. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The number of the stator magnetic axis cylinders on the stator core is the sum of the number of the driving magnetic axis cylinders on the first driving mechanism and the number of the driving magnetic axis cylinders on the second driving mechanism.

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