All-solid-state hundred-nanosecond pulse generator with multiplexed output

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-output all-solid-state hundred-nanosecond pulse generator, and aims to solve the problem of synchronous output of multi-path pulses of the pulse generator and improve the stability and the output power. The device is composed of a photoelectric control module, a repetition frequency charging module and a pulse boosting module. The repetition frequency charging module is composed of a rectifying circuit, a K-stage thyristor and K groups of primary side capacitor groups, the photoelectric control module adopts a trigger controller for driving a multi-path thyristor, and the pulse boosting module is composed of a fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer and N paths of M-stage Marx generators; the repetition frequency charging module converts alternating current into direct current and charges a primary side capacitor in the repetition frequency charging module, the photoelectric control module sends out a trigger signal to control a thyristor in the repetition frequency charging module to be conducted, the primary side capacitor charges the pulse boosting module, and pulse output is achieved. According to the invention, multiple paths of pulses can be synchronously output, the performance is reliable, the operation is stable, the all-solid-state design is realized, and the output power is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hundred nanosecond pulse generator, in particular to a full solid-state hundred nanosecond pulse generator with multiple outputs based on a fractional-turn ratio saturable pulse transformer (FRSPT) and a Marx generator, belonging to the field of pulse power. Background Art

[0002] Pulse power technology is an important branch of modern power electronics technology. Its core lies in compressing energy on a time scale through switching and pulse forming technologies, so as to obtain high peak power output in a very short time. This technology has a wide range of applications, including but not limited to industry, agriculture, medicine, environmental protection and national defense.

[0003] In the field of high-power microwaves, electrically triggered gas switches have been widely used in large-scale devices due to their large power capacity, simple structure, and high triggering efficiency. In recent years, the limited output capacity of single-module pulse generators cannot meet the increasingly high application requirements. The spatial coherent synthesis of multiple high-power microwave systems is an effective way to achieve higher-power microwave output, and the synchronous and precise control technology of high-power switches is one of the important technologies for achieving spatial synthesis of multiple high-power microwave sources. The development of a pulse generator with multi-channel output can effectively realize the synchronous and precise control of electrically triggered gas switches, thereby providing a basis for the efficient spatial coherent synthesis of multiple high-power microwave systems.

[0004] In 2023, researchers from the National University of Defense Technology proposed a fully solid-state high-voltage, low-jitter pulse generator technology. [Geng Jiuyuan. Research on the low-jitter long-term operation characteristics of high-power gas switches and their applications [D]. Doctoral dissertation. Graduate School of the National University of Defense Technology, 2023.] (hereinafter referred to as Background Technology 1). The pulse generator is based on the principle and structure of a fractional ratio saturable transformer, and uses a solid-state switch to replace the gas switch of the traditional Marx generator. This pulse generator can not only significantly reduce the randomness of gas discharge, but also effectively reduce electromagnetic radiation during frequent operation. Directly using multiple identical pulse generators can theoretically output multiple pulses, but due to the randomness of the jitter of multiple pulse generators (in Background Technology 1, two pulse drive sources are triggered in a discrete parallel manner, and the system jitter obtained is 6.1ns. When the number of output paths increases, the system jitter will be greater) and the trigger delay error between multiple thyristors in multiple pulse generators, it is impossible to achieve accurate multi-channel output. At the same time, directly using multiple identical pulse generators will also cause a sharp increase in volume and cost. Therefore, it is difficult to output ideal multi-path pulse signals by directly using multiple identical pulse generators, which will greatly limit the coherent synthesis and power amplification of high-power microwaves.

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the existing thyristor triggering method cannot accurately trigger multi-channel thyristors, researchers from the National University of Defense Technology proposed a trigger controller technology for driving multi-channel thyristors, [Cheng Xinbing. A trigger controller for driving multi-channel thyristors: ZL201911173877.X[P].2019-11-26] (hereinafter referred to as Background Technology 2). The trigger controller for driving multi-channel thyristors consists of an optical receiving module, N MOSFET drivers, N power MOSFETs, and (N-1) integrated monostable triggers. By adjusting the delay of (N-1) integrated monostable triggers, the insufficiency of the consistency of multi-channel outputs in the existing triggering method can be compensated, and the precise control of N-channel thyristors can be achieved. This patent has not yet been applied to the triggering of multi-channel output pulse generators.

[0006] In recent years, the spatial coherent synthesis technology of multiple high-power microwave systems has become one of the key technologies to be tackled, and the synchronous and precise control technology of high-power switches is one of the key technologies. The development of a pulse generator with multi-channel output can effectively realize the synchronous and precise control of electrically triggered gas switches, thereby providing a basis for the high-efficiency spatial coherent synthesis of multiple high-power microwave systems.

[0007] The all-solid-state microsecond quasi-square wave pulse generator shown in Background Technology 1 can only output one pulse high voltage signal, which can only be used to trigger a single high-power microwave system, and cannot achieve synchronization of multiple high-power microwave systems. Therefore, how to solve the problem of multi-channel synchronous output of the pulse generator shown in Background Technology 1 is the key to achieving efficient synchronous synthesis of multiple high-power microwave systems.

[0008] How to achieve the synchronous output of multiple high-voltage pulses in order to solve the problem that the all-solid-state microsecond quasi-square wave pulse generator shown in Background Technology 1 is difficult to output multiple pulses simultaneously is a technical issue that is of great concern to technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the background technology cannot realize the problem of synchronous output of multiple pulses of the pulse generator. An all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator with multiple outputs based on a fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer and a Marx generator is proposed. The pulse generator has reliable performance and stable operation. It not only realizes the all-solid-state design, but also can synchronously output multiple pulses, and increase the total output power to the square times of the number of single-channel output power (total power = single-channel power * number of Marx generator channels 2). It can be used in pulse power, high-power microwave, biology, environment, national defense and other fields.

[0010] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] A multi-channel output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse trigger, composed of a photoelectric control module, a re-frequency charging module, and a pulse boosting module. The re-frequency charging module and the pulse boosting module are connected by wires, and the photoelectric control module and the re-frequency charging module are connected by coaxial shielded wires. As a primary energy source, the re-frequency charging module converts AC power into DC power and charges the primary capacitor in the re-frequency charging module. The photoelectric control module sends a trigger signal to control the thyristor in the re-frequency charging module to conduct, so that the primary capacitor charges the pulse boosting module and realizes pulse output.

[0012] The re-frequency charging module is composed of a rectifier circuit (which can convert the mains 220V into direct current), K (K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1) level thyristors (let it be the first level thyristor, the second level thyristor, ..., the kth level thyristor, ..., the Kth level thyristor, k is a positive integer and 1≤k≤K), and K groups of primary capacitors (let it be the first group of primary capacitors, the second group of primary capacitors, ..., the kth group of primary capacitors, ..., the Kth group of primary capacitors). The rectifier circuit converts AC power into DC power and charges the K groups of primary capacitors. The kth group of primary capacitors is composed of H (H is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2) levels of primary capacitors (let be the first level primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors, the second level primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors, …, the hth level primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors, …, the Hth level primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors, h is a positive integer and 1≤h≤H), one pole of the H-level primary capacitors in the kth group of primary capacitors is connected to the anode of the kth thyristor, the other pole of the H-level primary capacitors in the kth group of primary capacitors is connected to the pulse boosting module, and the cathode of the kth thyristor is connected to the pulse boosting module.

[0013] The photoelectric control module adopts a trigger controller for driving multi-way thyristors in the background technology 2. The multi-way driving capability of the trigger controller for driving multi-way thyristors can effectively trigger the K-level thyristors in the re-frequency charging module. The trigger controller for driving multi-way thyristors is composed of a light receiving module, K MOSFET drivers, K power MOSFETs, and (K-1) integrated monostable triggers. The light receiving module, the first MOSFET driver and the first power MOSFET constitute the first signal transmission channel; the light receiving module, the first integrated monostable trigger, the second MOSFET driver and the second power MOSFET constitute the second signal transmission channel; the light receiving module, the second integrated monostable trigger, the third MOSFET driver and the third power MOSFET constitute the third signal transmission channel; ...; the light receiving module, the (k-1)th integrated monostable trigger, the kMOSFET driver and the kth power MOSFET constitute the kth signal transmission channel; ...; the light receiving module, the (K-1)th integrated monostable trigger, the K MOSFET driver and the Kth power MOSFET constitute the Kth signal transmission channel. The k-th signal transmission channel is connected to the gate of the k-th thyristor in the re-frequency charging module, and controls the conduction of the k-th thyristor by sending a control signal; the photoelectric control module controls the conduction of K-th thyristors in total.

[0014] The pulse boost module is composed of a fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer and N (N is a positive integer) Marx generators. The fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer is composed of K groups of primary input windings (let it be the first group of primary input windings, the second group of primary input windings, ..., the kth group of primary input windings, ..., the Kth group of primary input windings), a magnetic core, and N groups of secondary output windings (let it be the first group of secondary output windings, the second group of secondary output windings, ..., the nth group of secondary output windings, ..., the Nth group of secondary output windings, n is a positive integer and 1≤n≤N). N-way Marx generators (let be the first Marx generator, the second Marx generator, ..., the n-way Marx generator, ..., the N-way Marx generator) are composed of N identical M (M is a positive integer)-level Marx generators, and the n-way Marx generator is composed of the n-th group of secondary output windings, M-level energy storage capacitors (let be the first-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, the second-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the m-th level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the M-th level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator) and M-level isolation silicon stacks (let be the first-level isolation silicon stack of the n-way Marx generator, the second-level isolation silicon stack of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the m-th level isolation silicon stack of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the M-th level isolation silicon stack of the n-way Marx generator, m is a positive integer and 1≤m≤M).

[0015] The magnetic core of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is composed of H block sub-cores (let be a first block sub-core, a second block sub-core, ..., hth block sub-core, ..., Hth block sub-core), and the H block sub-cores are stacked together in structure. The K groups of primary input windings of the fractional ratio saturable transformer are wound on H blocks of sub-magnetic cores, and the kth group of primary input windings consists of H primary windings (let it be the first primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings, the second primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings, ..., the hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings, ..., the Hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings), that is, the primary input windings have a total of K×H windings, the hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings is wound on the hth sub-magnetic core, one end of the hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings is connected to the first stage of the hth primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors in the re-frequency charging module, and the other ends of the H primary windings in the kth group of primary input windings are all connected to the cathode of the kth thyristor in the re-frequency charging module. Each primary winding is wound by N1 (N1 is a positive integer) turns of high-voltage coil. The N groups of secondary output windings of the fractional ratio saturable transformer are also wound on the H block sub-core. The nth group of secondary output windings is composed of M secondary windings (let it be the first secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, the second secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, ..., the mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, ..., the Mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings), that is, there are N×M windings in the secondary side, and each secondary winding in the nth group of secondary output windings is wound around the H block sub-core. When winding, the H block sub-core is wound as a whole, that is, each secondary winding is wound without distinguishing the sub-core, and each secondary winding is wound by N2 (N2 is a positive integer) turns of high-voltage coil.

[0016] N-way Marx generator can output N-way pulse signals, and the number of levels of each Marx generator is M. The n-way Marx generator is composed of M-level energy storage capacitors, M-level isolation silicon stacks, and the n-th group of secondary output windings (including M-way secondary windings). The secondary output winding is both a part of the fractional ratio saturable transformer and a component of the M-level Marx generator. In the fractional ratio saturable transformer, the secondary output winding realizes boost output; when the magnetic core is not saturated, the secondary output winding acts as a charging source in the Marx generator, and when the magnetic core is saturated, the secondary output winding becomes a magnetic switch in the Marx generator. One electrode of the first-stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the first secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode of the first-stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the anode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack; one electrode of the second-stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the second secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode of the second-stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the anode of the second-stage isolation silicon stack; ...; one electrode of the m-th stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the m-th secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode of the m-th stage energy storage capacitor is connected to The anode of the mth isolation silicon stack is connected; ...; one electrode of the Mth energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-name end of the Mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode of the Mth energy storage capacitor is connected to the anode of the Mth isolation silicon stack; the anode of the first isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the second isolation silicon stack and the first stage of the first energy storage capacitor, and the cathode of the first isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite-name end of the first secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings; the anode of the second isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the third isolation silicon stack and the second The cathode of the second-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the second secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings and the anode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack; ...; the anode of the m-th isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the m+1-th isolation silicon stack and one electrode of the m-th energy storage capacitor, the cathode of the m-th isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the m-th secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings and the anode of the m-1-th isolation silicon stack; ...; the anode of the M-1-th isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the M-th isolation silicon stack , one electrode of the M-1th energy storage capacitor is connected, the cathode of the M-1th isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the M-1th secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings and the anode of the M-2th isolation silicon stack; the anode of the Mth isolation silicon stack is connected to one electrode of the Mth energy storage capacitor, the cathode of the Mth isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the Mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings and the anode of the M-1th isolation silicon stack, and the anode of the Mth isolation silicon stack serves as the pulse high voltage output end of the Marx generator. Similarly, an N-way Marx generator is formed according to the connection method of the nth Marx generator. Each output end of the Marx generator is connected to the load respectively.

[0017] The specific parameters of the present invention are designed as follows. In practice, due to the characteristics of the fractional ratio saturable transformer, the number of turns N1 of the primary winding is generally 1. The inductance of the primary winding coil can be determined by formula (1), and the inductance of the secondary winding can be determined by formula (2):

[0018]

[0019] In the above formula, K α is the Nagaoka coefficient, L p is the inductance of the primary winding of the hth path of the kth group, L s is the inductance of the mth secondary winding of the nth group, μ0 is the magnetic permeability of vacuum, μ r is the relative magnetic permeability of the core, H is the number of sub-cores, N1 is the number of turns of the primary winding, N2 is the number of turns of the secondary winding, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the coil winding, l p is the length of the primary winding on the magnetic core (l p <π(R ni +R no )), l s is the length of the secondary winding wound on the magnetic core (l s <π(R ni +R no )).

[0020] According to the research of background technology 1, L s It has a linear relationship with H. Therefore, when selecting the number of sub-cores, not only the boost ratio should be considered, but also the secondary inductance and its impact on the output pulse. When the number of sub-cores is too large, the secondary inductance will be greatly increased. Therefore, in practice, the number of sub-cores should not be too large. Each sub-core is made of a thin strip made of iron-based amorphous or iron-based nanocrystalline material, which is wound into a ring shape and then encapsulated with glass fiber reinforced plastic material. The inner radius of the encapsulated sub-core is R ni , the outer radius is R no (40mm <R ni <R no ), the thickness of the sub-core is h n (20mm <h n <30mm), the magnetic core has the characteristic of magnetic saturation, which is used to change the inductance value of the secondary winding inductance. At this time, the function of the secondary winding inductance is similar to a switch, and the secondary winding acts as a magnetic switch.

[0021] Limited by the volume of the magnetic core, the angular distance between the primary input winding and the secondary output winding on the magnetic core cannot exceed the circumference of the magnetic core, that is: Kl p +NMl s <π(R ni +R no), the K group of thyristors has the function of shunting, making the magnetic field in the core of the fractional ratio saturable transformer more uniform, so K≤N is required.

[0022] In addition, the relationship between the input voltage and the output voltage of the present invention is jointly determined by the re-frequency charging module, the fractional ratio saturable transformer and the Marx generator. Usually, the required component parameters are inferred from the required input and output voltages and charging time. Assuming the input voltage is V i , the output voltage is V o , the boost coefficient of the rechargeable module is k r , where the rated current of the kth thyristor is I r The coupling coefficient of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is k eff , the number of turns of the hth primary winding of the kth group of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is N1, the number of turns of the mth secondary winding of the nth group is N2, the number of magnetic cores is H, and the value of the hth primary capacitor in the kth primary capacitor group of the re-frequency charging module is C p , the number of stages of the nth Marx generator of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is M, and the energy storage capacitor value of the mth stage is C m The output voltage efficiency of the fractional ratio saturation transformer is η1, η1 is generally 0.6~0.8, and the output voltage efficiency of the Marx generator is η2. When M≤3, η2 is generally 0.8~0.9. If M>3, η2 is generally 0.6~0.8.

[0023] In fact, the equivalent circuit of the multi-core fractional ratio saturable transformer is the same as that of the single-core saturable transformer, except that the capacitance and inductance values ​​are different. According to the saturable transformer theory, the fractional ratio saturable transformer is required to satisfy: H 2 L p C p >>M 2 L s C s In practice, the left side of the inequality can be made 100 times greater than the right side of the inequality, that is, H 2 L p C p >100M 2 L s C s， Under this condition, the frequency of the secondary output voltage is Charging time t c =1 / (4f1), and 500ns≤t c ≤2ms, from which we can deduce After the structure of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is determined, its volt-second product is certain. According to the magnetic switch volt-second product balance equation and the approximate charging time requirement: V o >8f1N2Hh n (Rno -R ni )ΔB, where ΔB is the change in magnetic induction intensity when the core changes from an unsaturated state to a saturated state, which is determined by the core material.

[0024] Input voltage V i First, it passes through the re-frequency charging module, which rectifies the input voltage and increases it to k r The result is as follows:

[0025] V o1 =k r V i (3)

[0026] V o1 is the output voltage of the recharge module, k r is the boost coefficient of the recharge module, k r The value of is determined by the rectifier circuit in the rechargeable module. If no transformer is used in the rectifier circuit, k can be taken in the half-wave rectifier circuit. r is 0.5, k can be taken in the full-wave rectifier circuit r =1, k can be taken in the voltage doubler rectifier circuit r is 2; if there is a transformer in the rectifier circuit of the heavy-frequency charging module, k in the half-wave rectifier circuit r is 0.5v, k in the full-wave rectifier circuit r is v, k in the voltage doubler rectifier circuit r is 2v, where v is the step-up ratio of the transformer.

[0027] The rated current of the kth thyristor is I r The requirements are:

[0028]

[0029] After that, the output voltage of the re-frequency charging module is boosted by the fractional ratio saturable transformer and charged to the Marx generator. The result is as follows:

[0030] V o2 :V o1 =η1HN2:N1 (5)

[0031] Where V o1 is the voltage on the primary winding of the fractional ratio saturable transformer, V o2 The output voltage on the secondary winding of the fractional ratio saturable transformer. The thyristor current also has a limit on the primary capacitance: C p r t c / V o1

[0032] Finally, the output voltage V after being boosted by the fractional ratio saturable transformer​o2 After the Marx generator is used to boost the voltage again, the final output voltage is obtained:

[0033] V o =η2MV o2 (6)

[0034] The isolated silicon stack in the Marx generator should withstand the maximum charging current and voltage in the Marx generator. Therefore, the maximum current value of the selected isolated silicon stack should be greater than the output current of the Marx generator, and the withstand voltage of the isolated silicon stack should be greater than the output voltage V of the fractional ratio saturable transformer. o2 .

[0035] According to the specific parameters of the pulse generator in the above relationship, because there is coupling in different parameters, any set of solutions that satisfy formula (7) can be obtained through the circuit simulation software Pspice, that is, N, K, H, M, N1, N2, C p , C m , I r The exact value of V i 、V o and t c At the designer's discretion:

[0036]

[0037] The working process of the present invention is:

[0038] In the first step, the heavy-frequency charging module converts the input AC power into DC power;

[0039] In the second step, the re-frequency charging module charges all primary capacitors through direct current;

[0040] In the third step, the photoelectric control module triggers the thyristor in the re-frequency charging module to turn on, so that the K-level primary capacitor group charges the pulse boost module, resulting in a pulse current in the H-circuit primary winding. The changing pulse current then excites a changing magnetic field in the magnetic core. The changing magnetic field leads to a changing magnetic flux, and the changing magnetic flux excites an induced electromotive force and an induced current in the secondary winding, and charges the Marx generator. When the charging current (i.e., the induced current) reaches the magnetic saturation current of the fractional ratio saturable transformer, the fractional ratio saturable transformer becomes magnetically saturated. At this time, the secondary winding in the secondary output winding is equivalent to a magnetic switch, that is, the magnetic saturation is turned on at this time. Due to the high synchronization of magnetic saturation, the synchronous output of each pulse can be realized, thereby realizing the M-level capacitor series boost discharge of the n-th Marx generator, so the secondary winding of the fractional ratio saturable transformer not only realizes the function of boosting, but also acts as a switch, and the primary winding is resonant with the primary capacitor, causing the primary current to pass through 0, and due to the characteristic of the thyristor zero-crossing shutdown, the thyristor automatically turns off, and then returns to the first step, and the re-frequency charging module charges the primary capacitor and eliminates the magnetic saturation of the fractional ratio saturable transformer at the same time, and finally runs in a cycle according to the above process to achieve the re-frequency working requirement of the present invention. Due to the existence of the N-way secondary output winding, the N-way pulse voltage output by the N-way Marx generator is finally obtained.

[0041] The following technical effects can be achieved by using the present invention:

[0042] 1. The present invention combines a fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer and a Marx generator, and utilizes the magnetic saturation characteristics of the magnetic core material. When the magnetic core is saturated, the equivalent magnetic switches of each secondary winding are forced to turn on at the same time, and each output achieves ns-level precise synchronization control. On this basis, the synchronous multi-channel output of the pulse generator is realized, which has the advantages of high synchronization accuracy and stable operation, and provides a basis for the realization of high-power microwave coherent synthesis.

[0043] 2. The present invention realizes the reuse of the secondary winding. Before the core is saturated, the secondary winding of the fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer not only performs inductive boosting to charge the Marx generator capacitor, but also serves as an isolation inductor and switch in the Marx generator, thereby eliminating a large number of charging isolation inductors or resistors in ordinary Marx generators, which is conducive to realizing the synchronous parallel charging of Marx capacitors at all levels.

[0044] 3. The present invention utilizes the zero-crossing shutdown characteristic of the thyristor so that the current flowing through the winding of the fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer during the charging and discharging process is in the opposite direction to complete the automatic resetting of the magnetic core. An additional resetting system is no longer required, and it has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0045] 4. The present invention realizes the all-solid-state design of the Marx generator and the pulse generator, realizes the high integration and compactness of the fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer and the Marx generator, and the voltage step-up multiple is more than 100 times, which greatly reduces the primary input voltage of the Marx generator and makes it easier to realize the repetition frequency and long-term operation of the synchronous high-voltage pulse generator.

[0046] 5. Based on the present invention, three-way pulse output of 100 nanoseconds is realized, and it can work at repetition rates of 1 Hz, 5 Hz, 10 Hz and 15 Hz, proving that the pulse generator has the ability to work stably. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is the overall logic diagram of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a logical structure diagram of the re-frequency charging module of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a logical structure diagram of the pulse boost module of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 The logical structure diagram of the fractional ratio saturable transformer of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is the logical structure diagram of the n-th Marx generator of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the re-frequency charging module and the pulse boosting module of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 It is a typical output waveform of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 The present invention outputs a waveform under the condition of a repetition frequency of 1 Hz;

[0055] Fig. 9 The present invention outputs a waveform under the condition of a repetition frequency of 5 Hz;

[0056] Fig.10 The present invention outputs a waveform under the condition of a repetition frequency of 10 Hz;

[0057] Fig.11 The present invention outputs a waveform under the condition of a repetition frequency of 15 Hz. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0059] A multi-channel output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse trigger, such as Figure 1As shown, it consists of a photoelectric control module, a re-frequency charging module, and a pulse boosting module. The re-frequency charging module and the pulse boosting module are connected by wires, and the photoelectric control module and the re-frequency charging module are connected by coaxial shielded wires. As the primary energy source, the re-frequency charging module converts AC power into DC power and charges the primary capacitor in the re-frequency charging module. The photoelectric control module sends a trigger signal to control the thyristor in the re-frequency charging module to turn on, allowing the primary capacitor to charge the pulse boosting module and realize pulse output.

[0060] Recharge module such as Figure 2 As shown, it is composed of a rectifier circuit (which can convert the mains 220V into direct current), K (taking a positive integer) level thyristors (let be the first level thyristor, the second level thyristor, ..., the kth level thyristor, ..., the Kth level thyristor), and K groups of primary capacitors (let be the first group of primary capacitors, the second group of primary capacitors, ..., the kth group of primary capacitors, ..., the Kth group of primary capacitors). The rectifier circuit converts alternating current into direct current and charges the K groups of primary capacitors. The kth group of primary capacitors is composed of H (a positive integer greater than or equal to 2) level primary capacitors (let be the first level primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors, the second level primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors, ..., the hth level primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors, ..., the Hth level primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors), and one pole of the H level primary capacitors in the kth group of primary capacitors is connected to the anode of the kth pole thyristor. The other electrode of the hth primary capacitor of the kth primary capacitor group is connected to the pulse boost module, and the cathode of the kth thyristor is connected to the pulse boost module.

[0061] The photoelectric control module adopts a trigger controller that can drive a multi-way thyristor in the background technology 2. The multi-way driving capability of the trigger controller that drives the multi-way thyristor can effectively trigger the K-level thyristor in the re-frequency charging module. The trigger controller that drives the multi-way thyristor is composed of a light receiving module, K MOSFET drivers, K power MOSFETs, and (K-1) integrated monostable triggers. The light receiving module, the first MOSFET driver and the first power MOSFET constitute the first signal transmission channel; the light receiving module, the first integrated monostable trigger, the second MOSFET driver and the second power MOSFET constitute the second signal transmission channel; the light receiving module, the second integrated monostable trigger, the third MOSFET driver and the third power MOSFET constitute the third signal transmission channel; ...; the light receiving module, the (k-1)th integrated monostable trigger, the kth MOSFET driver and the kth power MOSFET constitute the kth signal transmission channel; ...; the light receiving module, the (K-1)th integrated monostable trigger, the Kth MOSFET driver and the Kth power MOSFET constitute the Kth signal transmission channel. The k-th signal transmission channel is connected to the gate of the k-th thyristor (k is 1, 2, ..., K), and controls the conduction of a total of K thyristors.

[0062] Pulse boost module such as Figure 3 As shown, it is composed of a fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer and N (a positive integer) Marx generators. The fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer is composed of K groups of primary input windings (let it be the first group of primary input windings, the second group of primary input windings, ..., the kth group of primary input windings, ..., the Kth group of primary input windings), a magnetic core, and N (a positive integer) groups of secondary output windings (let it be the first group of secondary output windings, the second group of secondary output windings, ..., the nth group of secondary output windings, ..., the Nth group of secondary output windings). N-way Marx generators (let be the first Marx generator, the second Marx generator, ..., the n-way Marx generator, ..., the N-way Marx generator) are composed of N identical M (a positive integer)-level Marx generators, and the n-way Marx generator is composed of the n-th group of secondary output windings, M-level energy storage capacitors (let be the first-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, the second-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the m-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the M-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator) and M-level isolation silicon stacks (let be the first-level isolation silicon stack of the n-way Marx generator, the second-level isolation silicon stack of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the m-level isolation silicon stack of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the M-level isolation silicon stack of the n-way Marx generator).

[0063] like Figure 4As shown, the core of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is composed of H (greater than or equal to 2) block sub-cores (let be the first block sub-core, the second block sub-core, ..., the hth block sub-core, ..., the Hth block sub-core), and the H block sub-cores are stacked together in structure. The K groups of primary input windings of the fractional ratio saturable transformer are wound on H block sub-cores, and the kth group of primary input windings is composed of H primary windings (let be the first group of primary windings of the kth group of primary input windings, the second primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings, ..., the hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings, ..., the Hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings), that is, the primary input windings have a total of K×H windings. The primary side of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is connected to the re-frequency charging module, as shown in Figure 6 As shown, the hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings is wound on the hth sub-magnetic core, one end of the hth primary winding in the kth group of primary input windings is connected to the first stage of the hth primary capacitor of the kth primary capacitor group in the re-frequency charging module, and the other end of the Hth primary winding in the kth group of primary input windings is connected to the cathode of the kth thyristor in the re-frequency charging module. Each primary winding is wound by N1 (a positive integer) turns of high-voltage coil. The N groups of secondary output windings of the fractional ratio saturable transformer are also wound on the H block sub-core, and the nth group of secondary output windings is composed of M secondary windings (let it be the first secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, the second secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, ..., the mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, ..., the Mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings), that is, there are N×M windings on the secondary side, each secondary winding in the nth group of secondary output windings completely winds around the H block sub-core, and each secondary winding is wound by N2 (a positive integer) turns of high-voltage coil.

[0064] like Figure 5As shown, N-way Marx generator can output N-way pulse signals, and the number of levels of each Marx generator is M. The n-way Marx generator is composed of M-level energy storage capacitors, M-level isolation silicon stacks, and the n-way secondary output winding (i.e., M-way secondary winding). The secondary output winding is a part of the fractional ratio saturable transformer and also a component of the M-level Marx generator. In the fractional ratio saturable transformer, the secondary output winding realizes boost output. When the magnetic core is not saturated, the secondary output winding acts as a charging source in the Marx generator. When the magnetic core is saturated, the secondary output winding becomes a magnetic switch in the Marx generator. One electrode of the first-stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the first secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings of the fractional ratio saturable transformer, and the other electrode is connected to the anode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack; one electrode of the second-stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the second secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode of the second-stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the anode of the second-stage isolation silicon stack; ...; one electrode of the m-th stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode is connected to the anode of the mth The anode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the anode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack; ...; one electrode of the M-th-stage energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-name end of the M-th secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode is connected to the anode of the M-th-stage isolation silicon stack; the anode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the second-stage isolation silicon stack and the first-stage energy storage capacitor, and the cathode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite-name end of the first secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings; the anode of the second-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the third-stage isolation silicon stack and the first-stage energy storage capacitor. The cathode of the second-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the second secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings and the anode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack; ...; the anode of the m-th isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the m+1-th isolation silicon stack and one electrode of the m-th energy storage capacitor, the cathode of the m-th isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the m-th secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings and the anode of the m-1-th isolation silicon stack; ...; the anode of the M-1-th isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the M-th isolation silicon stack and the M-th The anode of the M-th isolation silicon stack is connected to one electrode of the M-th energy storage capacitor, the cathode of the M-th isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the M-th secondary winding of the n-th secondary output winding and the anode of the M-th isolation silicon stack; the anode of the M-th isolation silicon stack is connected to one electrode of the M-th energy storage capacitor, the cathode of the M-th isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the M-th secondary winding of the n-th secondary output winding and the anode of the M-th isolation silicon stack, and the anode of the M-th isolation silicon stack is used as the pulse high voltage output end of the Marx generator. Similarly, an N-way Marx generator is formed according to the above connection method.

[0065] A specific embodiment is given below, which is referred to as embodiment 1. According to the above implementation process, a solid-state high-voltage pulse power supply with three (N=3) output voltages is designed. The pulse power supply adopts a fully solid-state design and is composed of a photoelectric control module, a re-frequency charging module and a pulse boost module.

[0066] The photoelectric control module can accurately start the device at a remote end through optical fiber transmission, and different operating frequencies can be set.

[0067] The rechargeable charging module consists of a rectifier circuit, 3-level (K=3) thyristors and 3 groups (K=3) of primary capacitors. The rectifier circuit is composed of a transformer and a voltage doubler rectifier circuit (k r =2v), the input AC power supply is AC 220V mains electricity, and the output is 1700V quasi-DC voltage; at the same time, the re-charge module can realize the automatic reset of the magnetic core. The primary capacitor group consists of 2 levels (H=2) of primary capacitors, and the parameters of the three groups of primary capacitor groups are also completely the same. Suppose the first level of the primary capacitor in one of the primary capacitor groups is C p1 , the second stage primary capacitor is C p2 The thyristors used are three identical thyristors, and the C in any group of primary capacitors is controlled by three-stage thyristors. p1 , C p2 When the thyristor is turned off, the DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit remains at C p1 , C p2 Charging, then control the thyristor to conduct, at this time C p1 , C p2 Discharge the primary input winding and then charge the Marx generator, C p1 , C p2 After a certain period of discharge, the fractional ratio saturable transformer will be saturated, and the current will drop rapidly, causing the thyristor to disconnect. At this time, the rectifier circuit in the re-frequency charging module will continue to supply current to C p1 , C p2 Charging, while eliminating magnetic saturation for the fractional ratio saturable transformer, the whole circuit repeats in this way to achieve repetitive frequency operation. In the specific implementation, there are 3 groups (K=3) of the same primary charging groups, each of which has 2 primary capacitors (H=2), and C p1 , C p2 The capacitance value is C p , C p =4μF.

[0068] The pulse boost module is composed of a fractional ratio saturable transformer and a Marx generator to achieve two-stage boost. The core of the fractional ratio transformer is composed of two (H=2) identical toroidal sub-cores. Each sub-core is wound with 3 (K=3) groups of high-voltage coils with 1 (N1=1) turns per group, which together form the primary input winding of the transformer. 3×6×14 turns of high-voltage coils are wound on the entire core (i.e., N=3, M=6, N2=14) to form the secondary output winding of the fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer. Under this design, the boost ratio can be calculated as 28 (H×N2 / N1) by the formula. Before the core reaches saturation, the fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer acts as a standard transformer to achieve the function of voltage boost; once the core enters saturation, the secondary winding is transformed into a magnetic switch, maintained in a saturated conduction state, and then controls the discharge process of the corresponding circuit. The primary input winding of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is connected to the primary capacitor, and the secondary winding of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is connected to the energy storage capacitor of the Marx generator.

[0069] According to the secondary output winding wound on the fractional ratio saturable transformer, the Marx generator of Example 1 is a 3-way (N=3) 6-level (M=6) Marx generator, each of which is composed of 6-level energy storage capacitors, 6-level isolation silicon stacks and 6-way secondary windings. Assume that the m-th level energy storage capacitor of the n-th Marx generator is C nm , the mth level isolation silicon stack is D nm (n=1,2,3;m=1,2,3,4,5,6) The first stage energy storage capacitor C of the first Marx generator 11 One end of is connected to the high voltage end of the first winding of the first secondary winding of the secondary output winding 15, C 11 The other end is connected to the first stage isolation silicon stack D of the first Marx generator 11 The anode of D 11 The cathode of is connected to the low voltage end of the first secondary winding of the first group of sub-windings. Then the second energy storage capacitor C of the first Marx generator is connected to the low voltage end of the first secondary winding of the first group of sub-windings. 12 One end of the secondary output winding is connected to the high voltage end of the second winding of the first secondary winding, C 12 The other end is connected to the second stage isolation silicon stack D of the first Marx generator. 12 The anode of D 12 The cathode of the first secondary winding is connected to the low voltage end of the second secondary winding of the first secondary winding, and the isolation silicon stack D 11 Anode and isolation silicon stack D 12 The cathode of the first generator is connected, and so on until the sixth energy storage capacitor C 16One end of the secondary winding 15 is connected to the high voltage end of the 6th secondary winding of the 1st secondary winding, C 16 The other end is connected to the 6th level isolation silicon stack D of the 1st Marx generator 16 The anode of 16 The cathode of the first secondary winding is connected to the low voltage end of the sixth secondary winding of the first secondary winding, and D 16 The anode of the first Marx generator is isolated from the fifth stage of the silicon stack D 15 The cathode of the secondary output winding 15 is connected to the cathode of the secondary output winding 15, thus completing the connection between the first secondary winding and the first Marx generator, and then the second and third secondary windings are connected to the corresponding energy storage capacitors in the same steps. Finally, 3 Marx generator outputs are obtained.

[0070] In general, each primary capacitor in each primary capacitor group has a capacitance of 4μF. p1 , C p2 They are respectively connected to the two primary windings of each group of primary input windings of the fractional ratio saturable transformer, and the capacitors of each group of primary capacitors discharge the fractional ratio saturable transformer through their own thyristors. In order to ensure the uniformity of the primary circuit magnetic field, the three groups of capacitors are evenly distributed at the same distance outside the magnetic core to ensure that the connection lines of the three groups of primary input windings are as equal as possible. At the same time, the control signal lines of the three thyristors are connected in parallel and uniformly connected to the photoelectric control module to ensure the synchronization of the thyristor conduction. There are 18 secondary windings (N×M=18) and they are evenly wrapped around two magnetic cores. The secondary output winding can be divided into three groups, each group contains 6 secondary windings, and each secondary winding is connected to the energy storage capacitor and isolation silicon stack of a Marx circuit, that is, the final output of each group is formed by the superposition of 6 Marx circuits. The capacitance C of the energy storage capacitor of each Marx circuit is m The isolated silicon stack replaces the isolated inductor in the traditional Marx circuit, which can reduce leakage current and increase energy utilization efficiency. The maximum voltage of the isolated silicon stack used is 50KV and the maximum current is 50mA. In this design, there are two neutron cores, and the primary winding is separately wound around the two cores, with 1 turn (N1 is 1). The secondary output winding is 14 turns (N2 is 14), so the theoretical step-up ratio of the fractional ratio saturable transformer reaches 28 times (H×N2 / N1=28).

[0071] In order to verify the characteristics of this embodiment, the following experimental verification was carried out based on this design. A solid-state high-voltage pulse power supply experimental platform with three outputs was built and experimental tests were carried out. A 2MΩ ceramic resistor was connected to each pulse output end as a load, and the output voltage waveforms of the three groups were measured at the same time. The typical output waveforms obtained are as follows: Figure 7As shown. The horizontal axis is time, the vertical axis is voltage, the left side is the coordinate axis of the output voltage, and the right side is the coordinate axis of the electric pulse control signal of the photoelectric control module. The purple curve is the electric pulse control signal of the photoelectric control module (delay 3.5μs), the red curve is the first output voltage waveform, the green curve is the second output voltage waveform, and the blue curve is the third output voltage waveform. The pulse falling edge (10%-90%) of the three outputs is about 102.6ns, the peak voltage is about -168.6kV, and the half-height width of the waveform is 174ns, 189ns and 216ns respectively. At different frequencies, the synchronization of the three groups of high-voltage pulse outputs is less than 1.5ns (through the formula where t SDi is the difference in system delay between any two outputs (synchronization time difference), ), compared with the discrete parallel triggering method in the background technology 1, the synchronization jitter is reduced from 6.1ns to 1.5ns, and the system has better synchronization.

[0072] In addition, the repetition rate output capability of the device was also tested experimentally. The repetition rate output capability can reflect the stability of the pulse generator, the delay jitter of each channel (through the formula where t di It is the difference between the time when the single-channel output pulse falls by 50% and the time when the electric pulse control signal of the photoelectric control module is sent. ) The experiment measured three groups of output voltage waveforms at 1Hz, 5Hz, 10Hz and 15Hz, and analyzed their delay jitter. Each frequency test point was repeated 100 times. The experimental results of 1Hz are shown in the figure. Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal axis is time, the vertical axis is voltage, the left side is the coordinate axis of the output voltage, and the right side is the coordinate axis of the electrical pulse control signal of the photoelectric control module. When the device operates at a frequency of 1Hz, the delay jitters of the three outputs are 2.37ns, 2.37ns, and 2.35ns respectively. The experimental results of 5Hz are shown in Fig. 9 As shown, the horizontal axis is time, the vertical axis is voltage, the left side is the coordinate axis of the output voltage, and the right side is the coordinate axis of the control signal. When the device operates at a frequency of 5Hz, the delay jitter of the three groups of outputs is 1.71ns, 2.29ns, and 2.27ns respectively. The experimental results of 10Hz are shown in Fig.10 As shown, the horizontal axis is time, the vertical axis is voltage, the left side is the coordinate axis of the output voltage, and the right side is the coordinate axis of the control signal. When the device operates at a frequency of 10Hz, the delay jitter of the three groups of outputs is 5.59ns, 5.47ns, and 5.52ns respectively. The experimental results of 15Hz are shown in Fig.11As shown, the horizontal axis is time, the vertical axis is voltage, the left side is the coordinate axis of the output voltage, and the right side is the coordinate axis of the control signal. When the device operating frequency is 15Hz, the delay jitter of the three groups of outputs is 5.25ns, 5.40ns and 5.22ns respectively. The results show that when the device operating frequency is less than 10Hz, the delay jitter of each pulse output is small. When the device operating frequency is greater than 10Hz, the output voltage of the charging system will jitter, which will cause the final output voltage of the entire device to jitter.

[0073] From the above results, it can be seen that this embodiment of the present invention can output three-way high-voltage pulse ns-level synchronous output, and the characteristics of the fractional ratio saturable transformer and the Marx generator realize the integration of boosting and switching, making the overall structure more compact, and also proves that it has the ability to provide system synchronization trigger signals for the coherent synthesis of multiple high-power microwave sources.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator, characterized in that The multi-channel output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse trigger is composed of a photoelectric control module, a re-frequency charging module, and a pulse boosting module; the re-frequency charging module and the pulse boosting module are connected by wires, and the photoelectric control module and the re-frequency charging module are connected by coaxial shielded wires; the re-frequency charging module, as a primary energy source, converts AC power into DC power and charges the primary capacitor in the re-frequency charging module, and the photoelectric control module sends a trigger signal to control the thyristor in the re-frequency charging module to conduct, so that the primary capacitor charges the pulse boosting module and realizes pulse output; The re-frequency charging module is composed of a rectifier circuit, a K-level thyristor, and a K-group primary capacitor group. K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The K-level thyristor is set to be the first-level thyristor, the second-level thyristor, ..., the k-th thyristor, ..., the K-th thyristor. The K-group primary capacitor group is set to be the first-group primary capacitor group, the second-group primary capacitor group, ..., the k-th primary capacitor group, ..., the K-th primary capacitor group. k is a positive integer and 1≤k≤K. The rated current of the k-th thyristor is I r ; The rectifier circuit converts AC power into DC power and charges K groups of primary capacitors; the kth group of primary capacitors consists of H-level primary capacitors, H is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and the H-level primary capacitors of the kth group of primary capacitors are the first-level primary capacitors of the kth group of primary capacitors, the second-level primary capacitors of the kth group of primary capacitors, ..., the h-th level primary capacitors of the kth group of primary capacitors, ..., the H-th level primary capacitors of the kth group of primary capacitors, h is a positive integer and 1≤h≤H, and the capacitance value of the h-th level primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors is C p One electrode of the H-level primary capacitor in the k-th group of primary capacitors is connected to the anode of the k-th thyristor, the other electrode of the H-level primary capacitor in the k-th group of primary capacitors is connected to the pulse boost module, and the cathode of the k-th thyristor is connected to the pulse boost module; The photoelectric control module adopts a trigger controller that drives multiple thyristors; the multi-channel driving capability of the trigger controller that drives multiple thyristors is utilized to trigger the K-class thyristors in the re-frequency charging module; The trigger controller for driving multiple thyristors is composed of an optical receiving module, K MOSFET drivers, K power MOSFETs, and (K-1) integrated monostable triggers; the optical receiving module, the first MOSFET driver and the first power MOSFET constitute a first signal transmission channel; the optical receiving module, the first integrated monostable trigger, the second MOSFET driver and the second power MOSFET constitute a second signal transmission channel; the optical receiving module, the second integrated monostable trigger, the third MOSFET driver and the third power MOSFET constitute a third signal transmission channel; ...; the optical receiving module, the (k-1)th integrated monostable trigger, the kth MOSFET driver and the kth power MOSFET constitute a kth signal transmission channel; ...; the optical receiving module, the (K-1)th integrated monostable trigger, the KMOSFET driver and the Kth power MOSFET constitute a Kth signal transmission channel; the kth signal transmission channel is connected to the gate level of the kth thyristor in the re-frequency charging module to control the kth thyristor to be turned on; the photoelectric control module controls a total of K thyristors to be turned on; The pulse boost module is composed of a fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer and N-way Marx generators, where N is a positive integer; the fractional ratio saturable pulse transformer is composed of K groups of primary input windings, a magnetic core and N groups of secondary output windings, wherein the K groups of primary input windings are the first group of primary input windings, the second group of primary input windings, ..., the kth group of primary input windings, ..., the Kth group of primary input windings, and the N groups of secondary output windings are the first group of secondary output windings, the second group of secondary output windings, ..., the nth group of secondary output windings, ..., the Nth group of secondary output windings, where n is a positive integer and 1≤n≤N; The N-way Marx generator is composed of N identical M-level Marx generators, where M is a positive integer; Let the N-way Marx generator be the first Marx generator, the second Marx generator, ..., the n-way Marx generator, ..., the N-way Marx generator; the n-way Marx generator is composed of the n-th group of secondary output windings, M-level energy storage capacitors and M-level isolation silicon stacks, let the M-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator be the first-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, the second-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the m-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, ..., the M-level energy storage capacitor of the n-way Marx generator, and the m-level energy storage capacitor value of the n-way Marx generator is C m ; Let the M-level isolation silicon stack of the n-th Marx generator be the first-level isolation silicon stack of the n-th Marx generator, the second-level isolation silicon stack of the n-th Marx generator, ..., the m-th isolation silicon stack of the n-th Marx generator, ..., the M-th isolation silicon stack of the n-th Marx generator, m is a positive integer and 1≤m≤M; The magnetic core of the fractional ratio saturable transformer is composed of H block sub-cores, and the H block sub-cores are made to be the first block sub-core, the second block sub-core, ..., the h-th block sub-core, ..., the H-th block sub-core, and the H block sub-cores are stacked together in structure; the K groups of primary input windings of the fractional ratio saturable transformer are wound on the H block sub-cores, the k-th group of primary input windings is composed of H primary windings, and the H primary windings of the k-th group of primary input windings are made to be the first primary windings of the k-th group of primary input windings. side winding, the second primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings, ..., the hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings, ..., the Hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings, the primary input windings have a total of K×H windings, the hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings is wound on the hth sub-magnetic core, one end of the hth primary winding of the kth group of primary input windings is connected to the first stage of the hth primary capacitor of the kth group of primary capacitors in the re-frequency charging module, The other ends of the H primary windings in the kth group of primary input windings are connected to the cathode of the kth thyristor in the re-frequency charging module; each primary winding is wound by N1 turns of high-voltage coil, N1 is a positive integer; the N groups of secondary output windings of the fractional ratio saturable transformer are also wound on the H block sub-magnetic core, the nth group of secondary output windings is composed of M secondary windings, let the M secondary windings of the nth group of secondary output windings be the first secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, the The second secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, ..., the mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, ..., the Mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, the secondary windings have N×M windings in total, each secondary winding in the nth group of secondary output windings is wound around H sub-cores, and when winding, the H sub-cores are wound as a whole, that is, each secondary winding is wound without distinguishing sub-cores, and each secondary winding is wound by N2 turns of high-voltage coils, where N2 is a positive integer; N-way Marx generator outputs N-way pulse signals, and the number of levels of each Marx generator is M; the n-way Marx generator is composed of M-level energy storage capacitors, M-level isolation silicon stacks and the n-th group of secondary output windings. The secondary output winding is both a part of the fractional ratio saturable transformer and a component of the M-level Marx generator. In the fractional ratio saturable transformer, the secondary output winding realizes boost output; when the magnetic core is not saturated, the secondary output winding acts as a charging source in the Marx generator, and when the magnetic core is saturated, the secondary output winding becomes a magnetic switch in the Marx generator; one pole of the first-level energy storage capacitor is connected to the first secondary output winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings. The first energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the second secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode of the first energy storage capacitor is connected to the anode of the first isolation silicon stack; one electrode of the second energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the second secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode of the second energy storage capacitor is connected to the anode of the second isolation silicon stack; ...; one electrode of the mth energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode of the mth energy storage capacitor is connected to the anode of the mth isolation silicon stack; ...; one electrode of the Mth energy storage capacitor is connected to the same-named end of the Mth secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings, and the other electrode of the Mth energy storage capacitor is connected to the anode of the Mth isolation silicon stack. The anode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the second-stage isolation silicon stack and the first-stage energy storage capacitor, and the cathode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite-name end of the first secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings; the anode of the second-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the third-stage isolation silicon stack and one electrode of the second-stage energy storage capacitor, and the cathode of the second-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite-name end of the second secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings and the anode of the first-stage isolation silicon stack; ...; the anode of the m-th-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the m+1-th-stage isolation silicon stack and one electrode of the m-th-stage energy storage capacitor, and the cathode of the m-th-stage isolation silicon stack is connected to the m-th secondary winding of the n-th group of secondary output windings. The anode of the M-1th isolation silicon stack is connected to the cathode of the M-1th isolation silicon stack and one electrode of the M-1th energy storage capacitor, and the cathode of the M-1th isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the M-1th secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings and the anode of the M-2th isolation silicon stack; the anode of the M-th isolation silicon stack is connected to one electrode of the M-th energy storage capacitor, and the cathode of the M-th isolation silicon stack is connected to the opposite end of the M-1th secondary winding of the nth group of secondary output windings and the anode of the M-1th isolation silicon stack, and the anode of the M-1th isolation silicon stack serves as the pulse high voltage output end of the Marx generator; The sub-core is made of a thin strip of iron-based amorphous or iron-based nanocrystalline material, which is wound into a ring shape and then encapsulated with glass fiber reinforced plastic. The inner radius of the sub-core after encapsulation is R ni , the outer radius is R no , the thickness of the sub-core is h n The magnetic core has the characteristic of magnetic saturation, and this characteristic is used to change the inductance value of the secondary winding inductance, so that the secondary winding acts as a magnetic switch.

2. A multi-output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The inner radius R of the sub-core ni and outer radius R no Meet 40mm <R ni <R no , sub-core thickness h n Meet 20mm <h n <30mm.

3. A multi-output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The number of turns N1 of the primary winding is 1; the number of N, K, H, M, N1, N2, C p , C m , I r Satisfies formula (7): L p is the inductance of the primary winding of the hth path of the kth group, L s is the inductance of the mth secondary winding of the nth group, l p is the length of the primary winding on the magnetic core, l p <π(R ni +R no ), l s is the length of the secondary winding wound on the magnetic core, l s <π(R ni +R no );K α is the Nagaoka coefficient, μ0 is the magnetic permeability of vacuum, μ r is the relative magnetic permeability of the core, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the coil winding, k r is the boost coefficient of the recharge module; V i is the input voltage of the multi-output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator, V o is the output voltage of the multi-channel all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator, t c For charging time; η1 is the output voltage efficiency of the fractional ratio saturation transformer, η2 is the output voltage efficiency of the Marx generator, k eff is the coupling coefficient of the fractional ratio saturable transformer, f1 is the frequency of the secondary output voltage, ΔB is the change in magnetic induction intensity when the core changes from an unsaturated state to a saturated state, t c It's charging time.

4. A multi-output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that If there is no transformer in the rectifier circuit in the re-frequency charging module, k in the half-wave rectifier circuit r is 0.5, k in the full-wave rectifier circuit r =1, k in the voltage doubler rectifier circuit r is 2; if there is a transformer in the rectifier circuit of the heavy-frequency charging module, k in the half-wave rectifier circuit r is 0.5v, k in the full-wave rectifier circuit r is v, k in the voltage doubler rectifier circuit r is 2v, where v is the step-up ratio of the transformer.

5. A multi-output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that Through the circuit simulation software Pspice, we can obtain any set of solutions that satisfy formula (7), that is, we can obtain N, K, H, M, N1, N2, C p , C m , I r The exact value of .

6. A multi-output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that The η1 is 0.6 to 0.8; when M≤3, η2 is 0.8 to 0.9, and when M>3, η2 is 0.6 to 0.

8.

7. A multi-output all-solid-state 100 nanosecond pulse generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The maximum current value of the isolated silicon stack in the Marx generator is required to be greater than the output current of the Marx generator, and the withstand voltage value of the isolated silicon stack is required to be greater than the output voltage V of the fractional ratio saturable transformer. o2 .

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