Preparation method of self-adaptive drug release electrospinning covered tracheal stent based on piezoelectric driving

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a self-adaptive drug release electrospinning covered tracheal stent based on piezoelectric driving, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, packaging an anti-inflammatory drug in poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles by an emulsion polymerization method; pVDF is dissolved in a DMF / acetone mixed solution to prepare a spinning solution, and a piezoelectric covering film is formed on the surface of the metal support through electrostatic spinning; then coating Au nanoparticles on two sides of the PVDF fiber membrane to serve as electrodes, and covering a PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) film for insulating packaging; and finally, dispersing the drug-loaded nanoparticles into PVA hydrogel, adhering the PVA hydrogel to a hyperplasia-prone part of the stent, and connecting the hydrogel with electrodes on the two sides through a biological conductive adhesive, so as to obtain the self-adaptive drug-release electrospinning coated tracheal stent based on piezoelectric driving. The technical problems that in traditional tracheal stent treatment, complications are many, medicine release cannot be controlled, and medicine combination and piezoelectric property optimization are difficult when PVDF is applied to the tracheal stent are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent. Background Art

[0002] Tracheal stenosis is a serious respiratory disease often caused by tumors, trauma or inflammation, leading to airway narrowing and dyspnea. Currently, tracheal stent implantation is one of the main methods for treating tracheal stenosis, but this method is accompanied by a series of complications, especially granulation tissue hyperplasia, stent displacement or mucus retention, which may lead to restenosis or stent detachment, seriously affecting the treatment effect and patient quality of life. In order to inhibit the proliferation of granulation tissue, researchers have developed drug-eluting stents to achieve local treatment by depositing drugs on the surface of the stent. However, these stents usually rely on passive drug release mechanisms, which make it difficult to accurately control the rate and dose of drug release, resulting in limited treatment effects and may cause problems of drug overdose or underdose.

[0003] Although the application of stimuli-responsive materials in drug-eluting stents provides a certain degree of possibility for controlling drug release, the application of these materials in the field of tracheal stents is still limited. In particular, for special application scenarios such as tracheal stents, a material that can adaptively adjust drug release according to changes in the pathological environment in the airway is required, and the existing technology has not yet fully met this demand. At the same time, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), as a material with piezoelectric effect, can theoretically control drug release by sensing changes in external forces. However, the technology for applying PVDF to tracheal stents and achieving effective drug release is not yet mature, especially in achieving effective integration of drugs and PVDF electrospun membranes and optimizing piezoelectric properties. There are challenges. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent, which solves the technical problems of many complications in traditional tracheal stent treatment, uncontrollable drug release, and difficulty in optimizing drug binding and piezoelectric properties of PVDF in tracheal stent applications.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent comprises the following steps:

[0007] 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers are oxidatively polymerized by an emulsion polymerization method, and anti-inflammatory drugs are added during the polymerization process to obtain poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-inflammatory drugs;

[0008] The polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder is mixed in a mixed solution of DMF and acetone, and the PVDF is completely dissolved by magnetic stirring to form a uniform spinning solution, and then the spinning solution is uniformly electrospun onto the surface of a bare metal self-expanding metal stent based on an electrospinning device to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent;

[0009] Au nanoparticles are uniformly coated on both sides of the PVDF fiber membrane of the PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent as electrodes, and then a PDMS film is uniformly coated on the surface of the PVDF fiber membrane coated with Au nanoparticles for insulation packaging;

[0010] The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs are dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, and then the PVA hydrogel containing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs is evenly and firmly adhered to the area on the outside of the PVDF fiber membrane where granulation tissue is prone to occur. Finally, the PVA hydrogel is connected to the Au electrodes on both sides using a bio-conductive glue to construct an adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent based on piezoelectric drive.

[0011] Preferably, in the step of oxidatively polymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers by emulsion polymerization and adding anti-inflammatory drugs during the polymerization process to obtain poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs, the specific process is: firstly, dissolving a stabilizer in deionized water, stirring magnetically to form a stable colloid, then adding 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers and a solution of anti-inflammatory drugs dissolved in anhydrous ethanol to the stable colloid, and stirring magnetically to obtain a mixed solution; then dissolving an oxidant in deionized water and adding it to the mixed solution, stirring continuously overnight, oxidatively polymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers, and combining anti-inflammatory drugs during the polymerization process to obtain poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs; finally, removing impurities by centrifugation and freeze-drying in vacuum to obtain dried poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs.

[0012] Preferably, the concentration of the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer in the reaction system is in the range of 30 to 35 mM.

[0013] Preferably, the stabilizer is sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and the concentration of the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) in the reaction system is 9.0-9.5 mM.

[0014] Preferably, the oxidant is ammonium persulfate APS, and the concentration of the ammonium persulfate APS in the reaction system is 0.7-0.9M.

[0015] Preferably, the ratio of the anti-inflammatory drug solution to the total volume of the solution in the reaction system is in the range of 1:9 to 1:11, the anti-inflammatory drug is curcumin or a small molecule anti-inflammatory drug glucocorticoid, and the glucocorticoid includes methylprednisolone and triamcinolone acetonide.

[0016] Preferably, the step of mixing polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF powder in a mixed solution of DMF and acetone and stirring magnetically until PVDF is completely dissolved to form a uniform spinning solution includes: the volume ratio of DMF to acetone is 3:2, and the mass concentration of PVDF in the spinning solution is 20-25%.

[0017] Preferably, the stirring speed of the magnetic stirring is 100 to 500 rpm / min, and the stirring time is 1 to 2 h.

[0018] Preferably, in the step of uniformly electrospinning the spinning solution onto the surface of a bare metal self-expanding metal stent based on an electrospinning device to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent, the specific process is: firmly mounting the bare metal stent on a receiving device of the electrospinning device, and then loading the PVDF spinning solution into a syringe of the electrospinning device; secondly, setting the working parameters of the electrospinning device, starting the device and continuously electrospinning so that the spinning solution is uniformly covered on the surface of the bare metal stent to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent.

[0019] Preferably, the working parameters of the electrospinning equipment are: the electrospinning voltage is 10-30 kV, the nozzle diameter of the syringe used in the electrospinning process is 0.5-1.0 mm, the spinning distance is 10-20 cm, the solution flow rate is 0.1-1.0 ml / h, the spinning time is 1-2 h, the ambient temperature of the electrospinning process is 20-25 ° C, and the relative humidity is 30-60%.

[0020] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention utilizes the piezoelectric effect to enable the stent to accurately release anti-inflammatory drugs based on the force between the airway and the stent. When the airway pressure changes due to the proliferation of granulation tissue, the PVDF piezoelectric coating generates a pulse current, prompting the nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-inflammatory drug to release the drug, effectively inhibiting the proliferation of granulation tissue, reducing complications in traditional tracheal stent treatment, and improving the treatment effect and quality of life of patients.

[0022] (2) The present invention achieves effective combination of anti-inflammatory drugs and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles through emulsion polymerization, thereby increasing drug loading and stability. At the same time, the application of PVDF in tracheal stents is optimized, and it is made into an electrospun membrane with good piezoelectric properties, thereby enhancing the overall piezoelectric properties of the stent and ensuring that drug release is closely related to pressure changes.

[0023] (3) During the preparation process, the present invention constructs a stable drug-loading and conductive structure. Nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs are dispersed in PVA hydrogel and adhered to the site prone to granulation tissue. Au electrodes are connected through bioconductive glue to form a stable conductive path, which ensures the stability and continuity of piezoelectric-driven drug release and improves the therapeutic effect and biocompatibility of the stent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drug-loaded electrospun coated metal tracheal stent provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step 100: oxidatively polymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers by emulsion polymerization, and adding anti-inflammatory drugs during the polymerization process to obtain poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-inflammatory drugs;

[0031] Step 200: mixing polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF powder in a mixed solution of DMF and acetone, stirring by magnetic force until PVDF is completely dissolved to form a uniform spinning solution, and then electrospinning the spinning solution uniformly onto the surface of a bare metal self-expanding metal stent based on an electrospinning device to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent;

[0032] Step 300: evenly coating Au nanoparticles on both sides of the PVDF fiber membrane of the PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent as electrodes, and then evenly coating a PDMS film on the surface of the PVDF fiber membrane coated with Au nanoparticles for insulation packaging;

[0033] Step 400: The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-inflammatory drug are dispersed in the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, and then the PVA hydrogel containing the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-inflammatory drug is uniformly and firmly adhered to the part of the outer side of the PVDF fiber membrane where granulation tissue is prone to occur, and finally the PVA hydrogel is connected to the Au electrodes on both sides using a bio-conductive glue, thereby constructing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-release electrospun coated tracheal stent.

[0034] According to the above content, in step 100, the specific process is: first, the stabilizer is dissolved in deionized water, and a stable colloid is formed by magnetic stirring, and then 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer and an anti-inflammatory drug solution dissolved in anhydrous ethanol are added to the stable colloid, and magnetic stirring is performed to obtain a mixed solution; then, the oxidant is dissolved in deionized water and added to the mixed solution, and stirring is continued overnight to oxidatively polymerize the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer, and the anti-inflammatory drug is combined during the polymerization process to obtain poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-inflammatory drug; finally, the dried poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-inflammatory drug are obtained by centrifugal removal of impurities and vacuum freeze drying.

[0035] Wherein, the concentration range of the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer in the reaction system is 30 to 35 mM. The stabilizer is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate SDBS, and the concentration of the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate SDBS in the reaction system is 9.0 to 9.5 mM. The oxidant is ammonium persulfate APS, and the concentration of the ammonium persulfate APS in the reaction system is 0.7 to 0.9 M. The ratio of the total volume of the anti-inflammatory drug solution in the reaction system is 1:9 to 1:11, and the anti-inflammatory drug is curcumin or a small molecule anti-inflammatory drug glucocorticoid, and the glucocorticoid includes methylprednisolone and triamcinolone acetonide.

[0036] In the above content, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer can be oxidized and polymerized into poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles (PEDOT NP) with positive potential under the action of stabilizer dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) and oxidant ammonium persulfate (APS). In addition, since curcumin (CUR) itself is a hydrophobic and neutral drug, PEDOT NP can encapsulate CUR through the hydrophobic interior, and at the same time, in order to allow CUR and PEDOT NP to further combine through electrostatic interaction to increase the CUR loading capacity. And because the stabilizer sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) can make the solution weakly alkaline (DBSA solution is acidic), in an alkaline environment, the CUR hydroxyl group is deprotonated to make it have a negative potential, and further combine with the PEDOT NP with a positive potential through electrostatic interaction to increase the drug loading. Therefore, on the basis of DBSA, the pH value of the mixed solution is adjusted to make it alkaline by using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to optimize the drug loading of CUR.

[0037] According to the above content, the step of mixing polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF powder in a mixed solution of DMF and acetone, and stirring by magnetic force until PVDF is completely dissolved to form a uniform spinning solution includes: the volume ratio of DMF to acetone is 3:2, the mass concentration of PVDF in the spinning solution is 20-25%. Moreover, the stirring speed of the magnetic stirring is 100-500rpm / min, and the stirring time is 1-2h.

[0038] In the step of uniformly electrospinning the spinning solution onto the surface of a bare metal self-expanding metal stent based on an electrospinning device to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent, the specific process is: firmly mounting the bare metal stent on a receiving device of the electrospinning device, and then loading the PVDF spinning solution into a syringe of the electrospinning device; secondly, setting the working parameters of the electrospinning device, starting the device and continuously electrospinning so that the spinning solution uniformly covers the surface of the bare metal stent to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent.

[0039] The working parameters of the electrospinning equipment are as follows: the electrospinning voltage is 10-30 kV, the nozzle diameter of the syringe used in the electrospinning process is 0.5-1.0 mm, the spinning distance is 10-20 cm, the solution flow rate is 0.1-1.0 ml / h, the spinning time is 1-2 hours, the ambient temperature of the electrospinning process is 20-25 ° C, and the relative humidity is 30-60%. In this way, a PVDF nanofiber membrane with excellent properties such as high voltage electrical properties, high mechanical properties, high drug loading rate and excellent biocompatibility is prepared.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] In this embodiment, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conductive nanoparticles PEDOT / CURNPs encapsulating curcumin are first prepared, and the experimental process is as follows: First, 32.6 mg of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate SDBS is weighed and dissolved in 8 ml of deionized water. Under a 40 ° C environment, magnetic stirring is carried out at a speed of 750 rpm / min for 1 hour to fully dissolve SDBS to form a stable colloid. At this time, the concentration of SDBS in the reaction system is about 9.3 mM. Subsequently, 40.6 mg of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene EDOT monomer is weighed, 1 ml of CUR solution (10 mg / ml dissolved in anhydrous ethanol) is measured, and it is added together to the SDBS colloidal solution. At this time, the concentration of EDOT in the reaction system is about 32.2 mM, and the proportion of CUR ethanol solution in the total volume of the solution in the reaction system is 1:10. Under a 40 ° C environment, magnetic stirring is carried out at a speed of 750 rpm / min for 1 hour. Then weigh 182.4 mg of ammonium persulfate APS, dissolve it in 1 ml of deionized water, and slowly add the above mixed solution. At this time, the concentration of APS in the reaction system is about 0.8 M. At 40 ° C, continue stirring overnight to promote the oxidative polymerization of EDOT monomers under the action of SDBS and APS, and combine curcumin CUR during the polymerization process. After the overnight reaction is completed, centrifuge 3 times at 4 ° C and 9000 rpm / min for a total of 40 minutes to remove impurities and supernatant to obtain poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conductive nanoparticles (PEDOT / CURNPs) encapsulating curcumin, and then vacuum freeze-drying to obtain dry PEDOT / CURNPs.

[0042] Secondly, the polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF electrospinning scaffold coating was prepared, and the specific process was as follows: 1.6g PVDF (Mw ~ 400000) powder was weighed and added to 5ml N, N-dimethylformamide DMF and acetone mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of DMF to acetone was 3:2. Magnetic stirring was performed at 70°C and 200rpm / min for 2h until PVDF was completely dissolved to form a uniform spinning solution, wherein the mass concentration of PVDF was 24wt%.

[0043] Select the bare metal stent again and install it firmly on the receiving device of the electrospinning equipment. Load the prepared PVDF spinning solution into a syringe equipped with a nozzle diameter of 0.9 mm. Set the parameters of the electrospinning equipment: the electrospinning voltage is adjusted to 18 kV, the spinning distance is controlled at 15 cm, the solution flow rate is set to 0.5 ml / h, the ambient temperature is maintained at 23 ° C, and the relative humidity is maintained at 37%. Start the electrospinning equipment and continue electrospinning for 1-2 hours to evenly cover the surface of the bare metal stent with the spinning solution to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 , take the prepared PVDF coated metal tracheal stent, and evenly coat Au nanoparticles on both sides of its PVDF fiber membrane. During the coating process, ensure that the Au nanoparticles are evenly distributed, and use this as an electrode. Subsequently, a PDMS film is evenly coated on the surface of the PVDF fiber membrane coated with Au nanoparticles for insulation packaging. The thickness of the PDMS film needs to be evenly controlled to ensure the insulation effect without affecting the overall performance. Subsequently, the prepared PEDOT / CUR NPs are dispersed in the polyvinyl alcohol PVA hydrogel and stirred thoroughly to make it evenly dispersed. The PVA hydrogel containing PEDOT / CURNPs is evenly and firmly adhered to the upper and lower edges of the outside of the PVDF fiber membrane, which is the location where granulation tissue is prone to occur after the tracheal stent is implanted. Finally, use a bioconductive glue to connect the drug-loaded PVA hydrogel to the Au electrodes on both sides respectively, ensuring a tight connection to form a stable conductive pathway, and completing the process as shown in the figure. Figure 2 The shown figure shows the preparation of electrospun coated tracheal stent based on piezoelectric drive and adaptive drug release.

[0045] In order to further explore the performance of drug release driven by the piezoelectric effect in this embodiment, relevant tests need to be conducted. Since the normal breathing frequency of an adult is 0.2-0.4 Hz, and the pressure of the trachea on the stent coating is 0.7-1.2 N, when granulation tissue occurs, the PVDF piezoelectric coating can convert the mechanical force exerted on the stent during tracheal movement into a pulse current (when exhaling, the tracheal diameter decreases, the stent coating is compressed, and a negative potential is generated; when inhaling, the pressure is released), thereby electrically stimulating the release of the anti-inflammatory drug encapsulated in the conductive nanoparticles, and the drug release dose is positively correlated with the pressure exerted on the PVDF stent coating. Therefore, after the tracheal stent of this embodiment is implanted into the trachea, with the formation of complication granulation tissue, the force of the airway tissue on the tracheal stent will be greatly increased, and the piezoelectric effect of the PVDF fiber membrane will also be enhanced. The generated electrical stimulation induces the PEDOT conductive nanoparticles to be in a reduced state and shrink in volume, thereby promoting the desorption and release of the drug CUR from the PEDOT / CUR nanoparticles. This further illustrates that the present embodiment can utilize changes in human respiration and pathological pressure to achieve adaptive drug release, effectively respond to granulation tissue hyperplasia, and enhance the therapeutic effect of the tracheal stent.

[0046] Therefore, the above-mentioned method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent achieves the following technical effects:

[0047] (1) The present invention utilizes the piezoelectric effect to enable the stent to accurately release anti-inflammatory drugs based on the force between the airway and the stent. When the airway pressure changes due to the proliferation of granulation tissue, the PVDF piezoelectric coating generates a pulse current, prompting the nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-inflammatory drug to release the drug, effectively inhibiting the proliferation of granulation tissue, reducing complications in traditional tracheal stent treatment, and improving the treatment effect and quality of life of patients.

[0048] (2) The present invention achieves effective combination of anti-inflammatory drugs and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles through emulsion polymerization, thereby increasing drug loading and stability. At the same time, the application of PVDF in tracheal stents is optimized, and it is made into an electrospun membrane with good piezoelectric properties, thereby enhancing the overall piezoelectric properties of the stent and ensuring that drug release is closely related to pressure changes.

[0049] (3) During the preparation process, the present invention constructs a stable drug-loading and conductive structure. Nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs are dispersed in PVA hydrogel and adhered to the site prone to granulation tissue. Au electrodes are connected through bioconductive glue to form a stable conductive path, which ensures the stability and continuity of piezoelectric-driven drug release and improves the therapeutic effect and biocompatibility of the stent.

[0050] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers are oxidatively polymerized by an emulsion polymerization method, and anti-inflammatory drugs are added during the polymerization process to obtain poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-inflammatory drugs; The polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder is mixed in a mixed solution of DMF and acetone, and the PVDF is completely dissolved by magnetic stirring to form a uniform spinning solution, and then the spinning solution is uniformly electrospun onto the surface of a bare metal self-expanding metal stent based on an electrospinning device to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent; Au nanoparticles are uniformly coated on both sides of the PVDF fiber membrane of the PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent as electrodes, and then a PDMS film is uniformly coated on the surface of the PVDF fiber membrane coated with Au nanoparticles for insulation packaging; The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs are dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, and then the PVA hydrogel containing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs is evenly and firmly adhered to the area on the outside of the PVDF fiber membrane where granulation tissue is prone to occur. Finally, the PVA hydrogel is connected to the Au electrodes on both sides using a bio-conductive glue to construct an adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent based on piezoelectric drive.

2. The method for preparing a piezoelectrically driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of oxidatively polymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers by an emulsion polymerization method and adding anti-inflammatory drugs during the polymerization process to obtain poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs, the specific process is as follows: firstly, a stabilizer is dissolved in deionized water, and a stable colloid is formed by magnetic stirring, then 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers and a solution of the anti-inflammatory drugs dissolved in anhydrous ethanol are added to the stable colloid, and magnetic stirring is performed to obtain a mixed solution; then, an oxidant is dissolved in deionized water and added to the mixed solution, and stirring is continued overnight to oxidatively polymerize the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers, and the anti-inflammatory drugs are combined during the polymerization process to obtain poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs; finally, dry poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles encapsulating anti-inflammatory drugs are obtained by centrifugal impurity removal and vacuum freeze drying.

3. The method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer in the reaction system is in the range of 30 to 35 mM.

4. The method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stabilizer is sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and the concentration of the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) in the reaction system is 9.0-9.5 mM.

5. The method for preparing a piezoelectrically driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oxidant is ammonium persulfate APS, and the concentration of the ammonium persulfate APS in the reaction system is 0.7-0.9M.

6. The method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the anti-inflammatory drug solution to the total volume of the solution in the reaction system is in the range of 1:9 to 1:11, the anti-inflammatory drug is curcumin or a small molecule anti-inflammatory drug glucocorticoid, and the glucocorticoid includes methylprednisolone and triamcinolone acetonide.

7. The method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of mixing polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF powder in a mixed solution of DMF and acetone and stirring the mixture by magnetic force until PVDF is completely dissolved to form a uniform spinning solution comprises: the volume ratio of DMF to acetone is 3:2, and the mass concentration of PVDF in the spinning solution is 20-25%.

8. The method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring speed of the magnetic stirring is 100-500 rpm / min, and the stirring time is 1-2 hours.

9. The method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of uniformly electrospinning the spinning solution onto the surface of a bare metal self-expanding metal stent based on an electrospinning device to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent, the specific process is: firmly mounting the bare metal stent on a receiving device of the electrospinning device, and then loading the PVDF spinning solution into a syringe of the electrospinning device; Secondly, the working parameters of the electrospinning device are set, and the device is started and the electrospinning is continued, so that the spinning solution is evenly covered on the surface of the bare metal stent to obtain a PVDF piezoelectric coated metal tracheal stent.

10. The method for preparing a piezoelectric-driven adaptive drug-releasing electrospun coated tracheal stent according to claim 9, characterized in that: The working parameters of the electrospinning equipment are as follows: the electrospinning voltage is 10-30 kV, the nozzle diameter of the syringe used in the electrospinning process is 0.5-1.0 mm, the spinning distance is 10-20 cm, the solution flow rate is 0.1-1.0 ml / h, the spinning time is 1-2 h, the ambient temperature of the electrospinning process is 20-25° C., and the relative humidity is 30-60%.

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