Oil-water emulsion separation device and separation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of oil-water separation, and discloses an oil-water emulsion separation device and a separation method thereof. The partition plate is mounted in the separation box, and the interior of the separation box is divided into an oil-water separation area, a deposition area and a drainage area by the partition plate; the first separation plate is arranged in the oil-water separation area, the first separation plate is used for separating the oil-water mixture into oil liquid and oil-water mixed emulsion, and the oil liquid flows to the deposition area along the upper surface of the first separation plate. Oil-water separation is carried out through gravity driving, primary separation of an oil-water mixture can be achieved only through gravity, the first separation plate made of a super-hydrophilic material and the second separation plate made of a Janus membrane are arranged, the super-hydrophilic material can block oil on the upper portion, and the oil-water mixture is separated primarily; the unique hydrophilic and hydrophobic structure of the Janus membrane can further separate the oil-water mixed emulsion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oil-water separation, and in particular to an oil-water emulsion separation device and a separation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid advancement of global industrialization, the large-scale discharge of oily wastewater in industrial fields such as petrochemicals and machinery manufacturing has seriously threatened the ecological environment and human health, and at the same time caused a waste of energy resources. The promotion of efficient oil-water separation technology has become an important demand for environmental protection and resource recovery. The traditional physical precipitation method is inefficient and difficult to meet the needs of efficient separation. More advanced oil-water separation technology is urgently needed to be developed. In order to actually solve the problem of industrial pollution, combining the principles of gravity, centrifugation, membrane filtration, etc. to improve the treatment efficiency, the development of sustainable and low-energy consumption devices will be able to solve the problem of industrial pollution while promoting resource recycling.

[0003] Oil-water separation devices are widely used in chemical, oil field, machinery and other industries. At present, most oil-water separation devices focus on centrifugal separation, electroflotation separation, chemical separation and other methods for the separation of complex emulsions. However, most of them have problems such as expensive equipment, complex structure, and equipment cost significantly higher than gravity separation equipment. In addition, the processing capacity is limited and it is difficult to maintain.

[0004] Secondly, after using the separation membrane to separate the oil-water mixture under the action of gravity for a long time, the surface will inevitably be clogged with oil, which will reduce the performance of the separation device and affect the separation efficiency. At present, there is a certain degree of difficulty in replacing the separation membrane. Most devices need to be replaced step by step, and the separation membrane cannot be replaced quickly and accurately.

[0005] Gravity separation technology is a basic method for oil-water separation. It mainly achieves stratification through the density difference between oil and water. It only needs gravity to separate oil and water. Compared with other separation methods, it saves more energy and resources and is particularly suitable for the separation of large-flow, high-concentration oil-water mixtures. However, the separation effect is poor for micron-sized emulsified oil (particle size < 20 μm), and it is unable to remove wastewater with smaller oil droplet size, resulting in unsatisfactory oil removal effect. Combining membrane separation technology with gravity separation can be used for the separation of oil-water emulsions. However, after long-term use, the surface of the membrane will inevitably be contaminated and clogged by oil droplets, which will reduce the performance of the separation device and affect the separation efficiency. When replacing the separation membrane in most devices, it is necessary to replace the device step by step, which is cumbersome and difficult to operate. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention discloses an oil-water emulsion separation device, comprising: a separation box; a partition plate installed in the separation box, the partition plate divides the separation box into an oil-water separation area, a sedimentation area and a drainage area; a first separation frame arranged in the oil-water separation area, the first separation frame is used to separate the oil-water mixture into oil and oil-water mixed emulsion; a second separation frame arranged in the oil-water separation area, the second separation frame is arranged below the first separation frame, the second separation frame is used to separate the oil-water mixed emulsion into oil and water, and the water flows downward to the drainage area; a sedimentation frame is arranged in the sedimentation area, the sedimentation frame is used to collect and deposit the oil separated by the first separation frame.

[0008] Preferably, the first separation frame includes: a first separation plate, obliquely arranged in the first separation frame; an oil drain pipe, one end of which is installed on one side of the first separation frame, and the other end of the oil drain pipe faces the deposition frame; and a first handle, which is installed on the first separation frame.

[0009] Preferably, the second separation frame includes: a second separation plate installed in the second separation frame; and a second handle installed on the second separation frame.

[0010] Preferably, the separation box comprises: a plurality of through holes. The number of through holes is preferably three, which are respectively opened on both sides of the separation box, and the first separation frame, the second separation frame and the deposition frame are respectively installed in the three through holes; a plurality of slide grooves are opened on the inner wall of the separation box, a first slide rail is installed on one side of the first separation frame, a second slide rail is installed on one side of the second separation frame, and the first slide rail and the second slide rail are respectively installed in the slide grooves.

[0011] Preferably, the first separation plate is made of super hydrophilic material.

[0012] Preferably, the second separation plate is made of a Janus membrane, and the Janus membrane comprises a hydrophobic and oleophilic membrane layer and a superhydrophilic membrane layer.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises: a water pump installed on the separation box, and a water inlet pipe of the water pump is arranged in the drainage area of ​​the separation box.

[0014] Preferably, the deposition frame comprises: an oil pump installed on the deposition frame, and an oil extraction pipe of the oil pump is arranged in the deposition frame.

[0015] Preferably, the separation box further comprises: a liquid inlet pipe installed on the separation box, the liquid inlet pipe being located above the first separation frame; and a valve installed on the liquid inlet pipe.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention further discloses an oil-water emulsion separation method using the oil-water emulsion separation device of the present application, comprising the following steps: Step 1), the oil-water emulsion to be separated enters the oil-water separation zone through the liquid inlet pipe, the oil passes through the inclined first separation plate and slowly enters the sedimentation zone due to gravity, and the flowing water passes through the first separation plate to the second separation plate, thereby obtaining the oil after the first separation, water, and / or oil-water mixed emulsion; Step 2), the oil-water mixed emulsion obtained in step 1) passes through the second separation plate again. Under the action of the double layer of Janus membrane, the oil droplets will gather on the surface of the hydrophobic and oleophilic membrane layer of the Janus membrane. A small amount of oil droplets will flow out through the pores, but will be blocked by the super hydrophilic membrane layer of the Janus membrane, thereby achieving a demulsification effect. Water quickly passes through the second separation plate to the drainage area, achieving complete separation of oil and water.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the oil-water emulsion separation device and separation method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: This scheme uses gravity-driven separation for oil-water separation, and can achieve preliminary separation of oil-water mixtures by gravity alone. A first separation plate made of superhydrophilic material and a second separation plate made of Janus membrane are set up. The superhydrophilic material can block the oil on the top and initially separate the oil-water mixture; the unique hydrophobic and oleophilic membrane layers and superhydrophilic membrane layers of the Janus membrane have different properties on the front and back sides, which are hydrophilic and hydrophobic respectively, which can make the oil droplets coalesce and break the emulsion, and further separate the oil-water mixed emulsion. This combined design greatly improves the separation ability of micron-level emulsified oil.

[0018] The first separation frame and the second separation frame in this solution can be pulled out from the separation box separately, and the first separation plate and the second separation plate are fixed in the corresponding separation frame by buckles. When the separation membrane needs to be cleaned or replaced, the staff can easily pull out the separation frame and maintain the separation plate without the need for complex disassembly and assembly of the entire device, saving maintenance time and labor costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure proposed by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure from another viewing angle proposed by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first separation frame, the second separation frame and the deposition frame in the open state proposed by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separation box structure proposed by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the separation box proposed by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separation box and separation plate structure proposed by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first separation frame structure proposed by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second separation frame structure proposed by the present invention.

[0027] The reference numerals in the figure are: 100, separation box; 101, oil-water separation area; 102, sedimentation area; 103, drainage area; 104, chute; 105, through hole; 106, liquid inlet pipe; 107, valve; 200, separator; 300, first separation frame; 301, first separation plate; 302, oil drain pipe; 303, first handle; 304, first slide rail; 400, second separation frame; 401, second separation plate; 402, second handle; 403, second slide rail; 500, deposition frame; 501, oil pump; 600. Water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0030] Refer to the instruction manual Figure 1-8, an oil-water emulsion separation device, comprising: a separation box 100; a partition plate 200, installed in the separation box 100, the partition plate 200 divides the separation box 100 into an oil-water separation area 101, a sedimentation area 102 and a drainage area 103; a first separation frame 300, arranged in the oil-water separation area 101, the first separation frame 300 is used to separate the oil-water mixture into oil and oil-water mixed emulsion, and the oil flows along the first separation frame 300 to the sedimentation area 102; a second separation frame 400, arranged in the oil-water separation area 101, the second separation frame 400 is arranged below the first separation frame 300, the second separation frame 400 is used to separate the oil-water mixed emulsion into oil and water, and the water flows downward to the drainage area 103; a sedimentation frame 500, arranged in the sedimentation area 102, the sedimentation frame 500 is used to collect and deposit the oil separated by the first separation frame 300.

[0031] In this embodiment, when the oil-water mixture passes through the separation area, since the first separation plate 301 is made of super hydrophilic material, its permeability will block the oil above the super hydrophilic material, and the first separation plate 301 is placed at an angle, the oil will slowly enter the sedimentation area 102 due to gravity, and the flowing water will quickly pass through the first separation plate 301 to the second separation plate 401. The oil in the sedimentation area 102 slowly accumulates and can be discharged through the oil pump 501. This part of the oil can be recycled to achieve resource reuse; the solid sediment deposited on the bottom layer of the sedimentation area 102 can be cleaned regularly after the sedimentation frame 500 is extracted.

[0032] The complex oil-water mixed emulsion will pass through the super-hydrophilic material together with the water to reach the second separation plate 401. Under the action of the Janus membrane separation material, the oil droplets will gather on the surface of the hydrophobic and oleophilic membrane layer. A small amount of oil droplets will flow out through the pores, but will be blocked by the super-hydrophilic membrane layer at the bottom, thereby achieving a demulsification effect. Water quickly passes through this area to reach the drainage area 103, and the oil and water are completely separated.

[0033] The oil-water separation area 101 is composed of two parts, one part is a first separation plate 301 made of super-hydrophilic material, and the other part is a second separation plate 401 made of Janus membrane separation material. The first separation frame 300 and the second separation frame 400 can be individually extracted from the separation box 100, and the target separation membrane can be accurately replaced or cleaned according to actual conditions. The first separation plate 301 and the second separation plate 401 can be fixed in the first separation frame 300 and the second separation frame 400 by buckles.

[0034] The first separation frame 300 includes: a first separation plate 301, which is tiltedly arranged in the first separation frame 300; an oil drain pipe 302, one end of which is installed on one side of the first separation frame 300, and the other end of the oil drain pipe 302 faces the deposition frame 500; and a first handle 303, which is installed on the first separation frame 300.

[0035] The second separation frame 400 includes: a second separation plate 401 installed in the second separation frame 400 ; and a second handle 402 installed on the second separation frame 400 .

[0036] The separation box 100 includes: three through holes 105, which are respectively opened on both sides of the separation box 100, and the first separation frame 300, the second separation frame 400 and the deposition frame 500 are respectively installed in the three through holes 105; a plurality of slide grooves 104 are opened on the inner wall of the separation box 100, a first slide rail 304 is installed on one side of the first separation frame 300, and a second slide rail 403 is installed on one side of the second separation frame 400, the first slide rail 304 and the second slide rail 403 are respectively installed in the slide grooves 104, and the slide grooves 104 correspond to the slide rails one by one.

[0037] The first separation plate 301 is made of a super-hydrophilic material, and the super-hydrophilic material may be titanium dioxide or polyacrylic acid.

[0038] The second separation plate 401 is made of a Janus membrane, which includes a hydrophobic and oleophilic membrane layer and a super hydrophilic membrane layer. The Janus membrane separation material is a thin film with a special structure, and its front and back sides have different properties, namely hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. The effect of the Janus membrane can also be achieved by self-assembling separation membranes with different properties.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, the oil-water emulsion separation device further includes: a water pump 600 installed on the separation box 100 , and a water inlet pipe of the water pump 600 is arranged in the drainage area 103 of the separation box 100 .

[0040] The deposition frame 500 includes: an oil pump 501 installed on the deposition frame 500 , and an oil pump pipe of the oil pump 501 is arranged in the deposition frame 500 .

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the separation box 100 further includes: a liquid inlet pipe 106, which is installed on the separation box 100 and is located above the first separation frame 300; a valve 107, which is installed on the liquid inlet pipe 106; the valve 107 can control the flow rate of the oil-water mixture to prevent the excessive flow rate from impacting the super-hydrophilic material and reducing the separation performance. In the process of using the device for oil-water separation, an emulsion containing oil and water enters the device through the liquid inlet pipe 106 installed on the separation box 100 and located above the first separation frame 300. The valve 107 on the liquid inlet pipe 106 can control the flow rate of the oil-water mixture to prevent the excessive flow rate from impacting the super-hydrophilic material and reducing the separation performance.

[0042] The oil-water mixture entering the oil-water separation area 101 contacts the first separation plate 301 made of super-hydrophilic material. Due to the super-hydrophilicity and permeability of the first separation plate 301, the oil is blocked above the first separation plate 301, while the water quickly passes through the first separation plate 301. At the same time, the first separation plate 301 placed obliquely, under the action of gravity, drives the blocked oil to slowly flow along its surface and enter the sedimentation area 102 through the oil drain pipe 302 on one side of the first separation frame 300. At this time, the oil-water mixture is initially separated into oil liquid and oil-water mixed emulsion, wherein the oil-water mixed emulsion continues to flow downward with the water.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, the separation box 100, the first separation frame 300 and the second separation frame 400 can all be made of transparent materials to facilitate observation of the oil-water separation situation.

[0044] The oil-water mixed emulsion obtained after the initial separation reaches the second separation plate 401 made of a Janus membrane. The upper layer of the Janus membrane is a hydrophobic oleophilic membrane, and the lower layer is a super-hydrophilic membrane. Under the action of the Janus membrane, oil droplets will gather on the surface of the hydrophobic oleophilic membrane, and a small amount of oil droplets flowing out through the pores will be blocked by the super-hydrophilic membrane at the bottom layer, thereby achieving demulsification, so that the oil-water mixed emulsion is further separated into oil and water. The separated water flows downward and enters the drainage area 103.

[0045] The oil in the deposition area 102 is continuously accumulated, and the oil pump 501 installed on the deposition frame 500 can extract the oil in the deposition frame 500 to realize the recycling of the oil. The water in the drainage area 103 is discharged by the water pump 600.

[0046] During the operation of the device, solid sediment may accumulate in the deposition frame 500. At this time, the deposition frame 500 can be pulled out from the through hole 105 of the separation box 100 for regular cleaning. In addition, when the first separation plate 301 or the second separation plate 401 needs to be replaced or cleaned, the first separation frame 300 and the second separation frame 400 can be pulled out along the slide groove 104 on the inner wall of the separation box 100 through the first handle 303 on the first separation frame 300 and the second handle 402 on the second separation frame 400. The first separation plate 301 and the second separation plate 401 are fixed in the first separation frame 300 and the second separation frame 400 by buckles, which are convenient for separate disassembly and replacement to ensure the separation performance of the device.

[0047] Thus, although the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments thereof, freedom of modification, various changes and substitutions are also within the foregoing disclosure, and it should be understood that in some cases, some features of the invention will be employed without the corresponding use of other features without departing from the scope and spirit of the proposed invention. Thus, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular environment or material to the essential scope and spirit of the invention. The invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terms used in the claims below and / or the specific embodiments disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out the invention, but the invention will include any and all embodiments and equivalents falling within the scope of the appended claims. Thus, the scope of the invention will be determined solely by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An oil-water emulsion separation device, characterized in that: include: Separation box (100); A partition plate (200) is installed in the separation box (100), wherein the partition plate (200) divides the separation box (100) into an oil-water separation area (101), a sedimentation area (102), and a drainage area (103); A first separation frame (300) is arranged in the oil-water separation area (101), and the first separation frame (300) is used to separate the oil-water mixture into oil liquid and oil-water mixed emulsion; A second separation frame (400) is arranged in the oil-water separation area (101), the second separation frame (400) is arranged below the first separation frame (300), and the second separation frame (400) is used to separate the oil-water mixed emulsion into oil and water, and the water flows downward to the drainage area (103); A deposition frame (500) is disposed in the deposition area (102), and the deposition frame (500) is used to collect and deposit the oil separated by the first separation frame (300); The first separation frame (300) further comprises: a first separation plate (301) obliquely arranged in the first separation frame (300), wherein the first separation plate (301) is made of a super-hydrophilic material.

2. The oil-water emulsion separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first separation frame (300) further comprises an oil drain pipe (302), one end of which is mounted on one side of the first separation frame (300), and the other end of the oil drain pipe (302) faces the deposition frame (500).

3. The oil-water emulsion separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second separation frame (400) comprises: a second separation plate (401) installed in the second separation frame (400), the second separation plate (401) being made of a Janus membrane, and the Janus membrane comprising a hydrophobic and oleophilic membrane layer and a superhydrophilic membrane layer.

4. The oil-water emulsion separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separation box (100) comprises: A plurality of through holes (105) are respectively opened on both sides of the separation box (100); the first separation frame (300), the second separation frame (400) and the deposition frame (500) are respectively installed in the through holes (105); A plurality of slide grooves (104) are provided on the inner wall of the separation box (100); a first slide rail (304) is installed on one side of the first separation frame (300); a second slide rail (403) is installed on one side of the second separation frame (400); and the first slide rail (304) and the second slide rail (403) are installed in the slide grooves (104), respectively.

5. The oil-water emulsion separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a first handle (303) installed on the first separation frame (300); and a second handle (402) installed on the second separation frame (400).

6. The oil-water emulsion separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A water pump (600) is installed on the separation box (100), and a water inlet pipe of the water pump (600) is arranged in the drainage area (103) of the separation box (100).

7. The oil-water emulsion separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The deposition frame (500) comprises: The oil pump (501) is installed on the deposition frame (500), and the oil pump pipe of the oil pump (501) is arranged in the deposition frame (500).

8. The oil-water emulsion separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The separation box (100) further comprises: A liquid inlet pipe (106) is installed on the separation box (100), and the liquid inlet pipe (106) is located above the first separation frame (300); The valve (107) is installed on the liquid inlet pipe (106).

9. An oil-water emulsion separation method using the oil-water emulsion separation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1), the oil-water emulsion to be separated enters the oil-water separation area (101) through the liquid inlet pipe (106), the oil passes through the inclined first separation plate (301) and slowly enters the sedimentation area (102) due to gravity, and the flowing water passes through the first separation plate (301) and reaches the second separation plate (401), thereby obtaining the oil after the first separation, as well as water, and / or oil-water mixed emulsion; Step 2), the oil-water mixed emulsion obtained in step 1) passes through the second separation plate (401) again. Under the action of the double layer of Janus membrane, the oil droplets will gather on the surface of the hydrophobic and oleophilic membrane layer of the Janus membrane. A small amount of oil droplets will flow out through the pores, but will be blocked by the super hydrophilic membrane layer of the Janus membrane, thereby achieving a demulsification effect. Water quickly passes through the second separation plate (401) to the drainage area (103), achieving complete separation of oil and water.

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