Conical head of chemical fertilizer extruder

Abstract

The invention provides a conical head of a chemical fertilizer extruder, and belongs to the technical field of chemical fertilizer production. The problem that the size of extruded particles is difficult to control in the prior art is solved. The device comprises a feeding device assembly, a material cylinder assembly and a material cutting assembly, the feeding device assembly comprises a feeding box, an outer protection barrel and a conical head auger, the material cylinder assembly comprises a material cylinder with a groove, a preliminary material crushing piece and an outer connecting ring body, the material cylinder with the groove is of an internally-hollowed-out circular-truncated-cone-shaped structure, one end of the material cylinder with the groove is fixedly connected with the outer connecting ring body, and the other end of the material cylinder with the groove is fixedly connected with the preliminary material crushing piece. The cutting assembly comprises a variable frequency motor, a transmission shaft, an L-shaped connecting rod and a blade seat, a motor shaft extends out of the variable frequency motor, one end of the L-shaped connecting rod extends to the outer side of the grooved material cylinder, the blade seat is fixedly connected with the outer end of the L-shaped connecting rod, one end of the L-shaped connecting rod is vertical, and the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod is inclined and has the same inclined angle with the outer surface of the grooved material cylinder. The device has the advantages that the size of extruded particles can be controlled, the particle forming effect is good, and the structural strength is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production and relates to a conical head of a fertilizer extruder. Background Art

[0002] The conical head of the fertilizer extruder is the core component for material forming and extrusion. Through the die holes on the conical head, the mixed fertilizer raw materials are extruded into specific shapes (such as granules and strips) to meet the specification requirements of subsequent packaging and application. Some extruder conical heads in the prior art have limitations in controlling the particle size of materials.

[0003] A Chinese patent with patent announcement number CN215970004U discloses an extruder material extrusion head device, including an extrusion mechanism, an extrusion head, a turntable and a heat dissipation mechanism. The extrusion mechanism is connected to the extrusion head. The inner surface of the extrusion head is conical. The material is gradually extruded and formed through the extrusion head. The end surface of the turntable is penetrated with a plurality of through grooves. The outer surface of one end of the through groove is provided with a connecting groove. The number of extrusion heads is multiple, and the extrusion heads are screwed inside the connecting groove. The surface of the turntable on the side away from the extrusion head is provided with an annular groove. The annular groove is coaxially arranged with the turntable. The inner surface of the annular groove is slidably provided with an annular plate. The extrusion mechanism is penetrated on the end face of the annular plate. The outer peripheral surface of the extrusion mechanism is fixedly connected with a connecting mechanism. The connecting mechanism includes a connecting block. A connecting column is fixedly connected at the axis center of the outer surface of the turntable. The connecting column passes through the end face of the connecting block and is fixedly connected to a limited block.

[0004] The patent provides an extruder material extrusion head device, which does not have a device for controlling the length of cut particles, and has limitations in actual use. In addition, the extrusion mechanism does not have a structure for improving strength, and is prone to damage after long-term use. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a conical head for a fertilizer extruder in view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a conical head of a fertilizer extruder, including a feeding device assembly, a cylinder assembly and a cutting assembly, the feeding device assembly includes a feeding box, an outer protective cylinder and a cone head auger, the outer protective cylinder cover is arranged on the outside of the cone head auger and the outer protective cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the feeding box, the outer end of the cone head auger extends into the feeding box, the cylinder assembly includes a grooved cylinder, preliminary crushed pieces and an outer connecting ring body, the grooved cylinder is an internally hollowed truncated cone structure, the grooved cylinder has a larger diameter end fixedly connected to the outer connecting ring body, a large flange is formed on the outside of one end of the outer connecting ring body, the outer connecting ring body is fixedly connected to one end of the outer protective cylinder and the large flange extends into Inside the outer protective cylinder, the cutting assembly includes a variable frequency motor, a transmission shaft, an L-shaped connecting rod and a blade seat. One end of the variable frequency motor is fixedly connected to a motor connecting plate, and the motor connecting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the outer connecting ring body. A motor shaft extends out of the variable frequency motor, and a connecting circular body is formed at the end of the L-shaped connecting rod, and the connecting circular body is connected to one end of the transmission shaft. The other end of the L-shaped connecting rod extends to the outside of the grooved cylinder, and the blade seat is fixedly connected to the outer end of the L-shaped connecting rod. One end of the L-shaped connecting rod is vertical, and the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod is oblique and has the same oblique angle as the outer surface of the grooved cylinder. A cylindrical roller bearing is sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft, and a bearing seat is installed on the outside of the cylindrical roller bearing.

[0007] In the above-mentioned conical head of a fertilizer extruder, the end of the grooved cylinder with a smaller diameter is fixedly connected to a cylinder end plate, the cylinder end plate is sealed and fixed to one end of the grooved cylinder, and a cross reinforcing rib is formed inside the cylinder end plate.

[0008] In the above-mentioned conical head of a fertilizer extruder, the preliminary crushed pieces are fixedly connected to the end plate of the cylinder, the number of the preliminary crushed pieces is two, and the two preliminary crushed pieces are arranged in a centrally symmetrical structure.

[0009] In the above-mentioned conical head of a fertilizer extruder, a plurality of discharge grooves are provided inside the grooved cylinder. The discharge grooves are rectangular and completely cover the inside of the grooved cylinder. A plurality of discharge holes penetrating the grooved cylinder are provided inside the discharge grooves.

[0010] In the above-mentioned conical head of a fertilizer extruder, the inner end of the discharge hole is a fan-shaped hole structure, and the outer end of the discharge hole is a cylindrical hole structure, and the diameter of the cylindrical hole structure is the same as the minimum port diameter of the fan-shaped hole structure.

[0011] In the above-mentioned conical head of a fertilizer extruder, a cover plate is fixedly connected to the end of the grooved cylinder with a smaller diameter, and the cover plate cover is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder end plate.

[0012] In the above-mentioned fertilizer extruder conical head, the transmission shaft is a stepped shaft structure and the outer diameter of one end is larger than the outer diameter of the other end. The end of the transmission shaft with a smaller outer diameter is provided with a mounting portion, and the cylindrical roller bearing is installed in the mounting portion.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the conical head of a fertilizer extruder provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By changing the traditional end face discharging method to discharging from a discharging hole on the side surface of a grooved cylinder, and cutting the material extruded from the discharging hole by a cutting component, the parameters of the variable frequency motor are controlled to adjust the rotation speed of the L-shaped connecting rod and the blade seat, thereby achieving the control of the cutting length of the material extruded from the discharging hole in turn; 2. The inner side of the discharging hole adopts a fan-shaped hole structure, and the outer side is a cylindrical hole structure, and the minimum diameters of the two are consistent. This design can standardize the flow path of materials during extrusion, constrain the material form through the shape of the holes, and make the size of the extruded fertilizer particles more uniform. At the same time, the transition structure between the fan-shaped and cylindrical holes can avoid material blockage and ensure the consistency of particle forming. The discharge groove on the inner side of the grooved cylinder completely covers the interior, and with the through discharge holes, the material can be evenly dispersed and extruded to avoid different particle sizes caused by local extrusion volume differences, further improving the accuracy of particle size control; 3. Cross reinforcement ribs are set inside the end plate of the cylinder to increase the structural support points and improve the deformation resistance of the end plate of the cylinder. Especially when subjected to extrusion pressure, it can effectively avoid deformation of the end plate due to uneven force and ensure the overall structural stability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a tank with grooves; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the discharge hole; Figure 5 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of a grooved material cylinder of the second embodiment; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment.

[0015] In the figure: 1. Feeding device assembly; 11. Feeding box; 12. External protective tube; 13. Cone-head auger; 2. Cylinder assembly; 21. Cylinder with grooves; 211. Cylinder end plate; 212. Cross reinforcement ribs; 213. Discharge trough; 214. Discharge hole; 215. Fan-shaped hole structure; 216. Cylindrical hole structure; 217. External reinforcement ribs; 22. Preliminary crushing pieces; 23. External connecting ring body; 231. Large flange; 24. Cover plate; 3. Cutting assembly; 31. Frequency conversion motor; 311. Motor connecting plate; 312. Motor shaft; 32. Transmission shaft; 321. Installation part; 33. L-shaped connecting rod; 331. Connecting round body; 34. Blade seat; 4. Cylindrical roller bearing; 5. Bearing seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0017] First embodiment: like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment includes a feeding device assembly 1, a cylinder assembly 2 and a cutting assembly 3. The feeding device assembly 1 includes a feeding box 11, an outer protective tube 12 and a cone-head auger 13. The outer protective tube 12 is covered on the outside of the cone-head auger 13 and the outer protective tube 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the feeding box 11, and the outer end of the cone-head auger 13 extends into the interior of the feeding box 11.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the cylinder assembly 2 includes a grooved cylinder 21, a preliminary crushing sheet 22 and an external connecting ring 23. The grooved cylinder 21 is a truncated cone structure with a hollow interior. The larger end of the grooved cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the external connecting ring 23, and the smaller end of the grooved cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to a cylinder end plate 211. The cylinder end plate 211 is sealed and fixed to one end of the grooved cylinder 21, and a cross reinforcing rib 212 is formed inside the cylinder end plate 211. The outer side of one end of the external connecting ring 23 is shaped as A large flange 231 is formed, the outer connecting ring body 23 is fixedly connected to one end of the outer protective tube 12 and the large flange 231 extends into the outer protective tube 12, the preliminary crushing pieces 22 are fixedly connected to the cylinder end plate 211, the number of preliminary crushing pieces 22 is two and the two preliminary crushing pieces 22 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical structure, a small flange is formed at the smaller end of the grooved cylinder 21, the small flange extends into the cover plate 24 to fix the cover plate 24 to the smaller end of the grooved cylinder 21.

[0019] To elaborate further, Figure 3As shown, a plurality of discharge grooves 213 are provided on the inner side of the grooved material cylinder 21. The discharge grooves 213 are rectangular and completely cover the interior of the grooved material cylinder 21. The fertilizer material extruded from the rectangular discharge grooves 213 is easy to form columnar or flat particles, which is suitable for fertilizer products with high requirements on shape regularity and is convenient for subsequent packaging, transportation and measurement during use. A plurality of discharge holes 214 are provided inside the discharge grooves 213 and penetrate the grooved material cylinder 21.

[0020] To elaborate further, Figure 4 As shown, the inner end of the discharge hole 214 is a fan-shaped hole structure 215 , and the outer end of the discharge hole 214 is a cylindrical hole structure 216 . The diameter of the cylindrical hole structure 216 is the same as the minimum port diameter of the fan-shaped hole structure 215 .

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the cutting assembly 3 includes a variable frequency motor 31, a transmission shaft 32, an L-shaped connecting rod 33 and a blade seat 34. One end of the variable frequency motor 31 is fixedly connected to a motor connecting plate 311, and the motor connecting plate 311 is fixedly connected to the other end of the external connecting ring body 23. A motor shaft 312 extends out of the variable frequency motor 31. A connecting circular body 331 is formed at the end of the L-shaped connecting rod 33. The connecting circular body 331 is connected to one end of the transmission shaft 32, and the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 33 extends to the outside of the grooved cylinder 21. The blade seat 34 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the L-shaped connecting rod 33. One end of the L-shaped connecting rod 33 is vertical, and the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 33 is oblique and has the same oblique angle as the outer surface of the grooved cylinder 21. A cylindrical roller bearing 4 and a bearing seat 5 are arranged on the outside of the transmission shaft 32.

[0022] To elaborate further, Figure 2 As shown, the transmission shaft 32 has a stepped shaft structure and the outer diameter of one end is larger than the outer diameter of the other end. The end of the transmission shaft 32 with a smaller outer diameter is provided with a mounting portion 321, and the cylindrical roller bearing 4 is mounted on the mounting portion 321, and the cylindrical roller bearing 4 is connected to the bearing seat 5 by an interference fit.

[0023] Second embodiment: like Figure 5 As shown, on the basis of the first embodiment, the discharge groove 213 inside the grooved cylinder 21 is a circular structure, and the discharge holes 214 are distributed inside the discharge grooves 213 of each circular structure.

[0024] The circular structure of the discharge chute 213 has no edges and corners, and the fertilizer material flows more smoothly during extrusion, reducing the risk of blockage. It is particularly suitable for fertilizer materials with high viscosity or containing impurities. The extruded particles are close to cylindrical or spherical shapes, with smooth surfaces and good fluidity. It is suitable for fertilizer materials with high requirements for particle roundness and scattering.

[0025] Third embodiment: like Figure 6As shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned first embodiment, the structural setting of the discharge groove 213 inside the grooved cylinder 21 is cancelled, and the entire interior of the grooved cylinder 21 is provided with discharge holes 214, and the outside of the grooved cylinder 21 is provided with a plurality of external reinforcing ribs 217, which can effectively improve the rigidity of the cylinder, so that it is not easy to deform when subjected to extrusion pressure. In this embodiment, the setting of the cylinder end plate 211 is cancelled, the cover plate 24 is directly connected to the grooved cylinder 21, and a plurality of discharge holes 214 are also opened on the cover plate 24.

[0026] After the discharge chute 213 is removed, the interior is filled with discharge holes 214, eliminating the dead corner area that would appear when the discharge chute 213 is set. The fertilizer material can be evenly extruded through any discharge hole 214 to avoid local retention or accumulation, thereby improving the extrusion efficiency and material utilization rate. In addition, the number of discharge holes 214 is increased compared to the first and second embodiments, thereby improving the rate at which the fertilizer material is extruded.

[0027] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the fertilizer material is put into the feeding box 11 and transported to the grooved material cylinder 21 through the cone-head auger 13. The fertilizer material is cut by the preliminary crushing pieces 22 in the grooved material cylinder 21. After the fertilizer material contacts the discharge groove 213 in the grooved material cylinder 21, it passes through the fan-shaped hole structure 215 and the cylindrical hole structure 216 of the discharge hole 214 in turn and is squeezed out of the grooved material cylinder 21. The frequency conversion motor 31 drives the transmission shaft 32, the L-shaped connecting rod 33 and the blade seat 33 to rotate. The L-shaped connecting rod 33 and the blade seat 34 rotate 360° around the outside of the grooved material cylinder 21. According to the size of the extruded particles required, the power of the frequency conversion motor 31 is controlled, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the L-shaped connecting rod 33 and the blade seat 34 to obtain the desired fertilizer particle size.

[0028] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0029] Although various terms are used more frequently in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A conical head of a fertilizer extruder, comprising a feeding device assembly (1), a cylinder assembly (2) and a cutting assembly (3), wherein the feeding device assembly (1) comprises a feeding box (11), an outer protective tube (12) and a conical head auger (13), wherein the outer protective tube (12) is covered on the outside of the conical head auger (13) and the outer protective tube (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the feeding box (11), and the outer end of the conical head auger (13) extends into the interior of the feeding box (11), characterized in that: The material cylinder assembly (2) comprises a grooved material cylinder (21), a preliminary crushing sheet (22) and an external connecting ring body (23); the grooved material cylinder (21) is in a truncated cone structure with a hollow interior; the end of the grooved material cylinder (21) with a larger diameter is fixedly connected to the external connecting ring body (23); a large flange (231) is formed on the outer side of one end of the external connecting ring body (23); the external connecting ring body (23) is fixedly connected to one end of an external protective tube (12), and the large flange (231) extends into the interior of the external protective tube (12); the material cutting assembly (3) comprises a variable frequency motor (31), a transmission shaft (32), an L-shaped connecting rod (33) and a blade seat (34); one end of the variable frequency motor (31) is fixedly connected to a motor connecting plate (311); the motor connecting plate (311) is fixedly connected to one end of the outer connecting ring body (23), the variable frequency motor (31) extends with a motor shaft (312), the end of the L-shaped connecting rod (33) is formed with a connecting circular body (331), the connecting circular body (331) is connected to one end of the transmission shaft (32), the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod (33) extends to the outside of the grooved cylinder (21), the blade seat (34) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the L-shaped connecting rod (33), one end of the L-shaped connecting rod (33) is vertical, the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod (33) is oblique and has the same oblique angle as the outer surface of the grooved cylinder (21), the outer side of the transmission shaft (32) is sleeved with a cylindrical roller bearing (4), and the outer side of the cylindrical roller bearing (4) is equipped with a bearing seat (5).

2. A fertilizer extruder conical head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder end plate (211) is fixedly connected to the end of the grooved cylinder (21) with a smaller diameter. The cylinder end plate (211) is sealed and fixed to one end of the grooved cylinder (21), and a cross reinforcing rib (212) is formed inside the cylinder end plate (211).

3. A fertilizer extruder conical head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preliminary crushed material pieces (22) are fixedly connected to the cylinder end plate (211), the number of the preliminary crushed material pieces (22) is two, and the two preliminary crushed material pieces (22) are arranged in a centrally symmetrical structure.

4. A fertilizer extruder conical head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of discharge grooves (213) are provided inside the grooved material cylinder (21), the discharge grooves (213) are rectangular and completely cover the inside of the grooved material cylinder (21), and a plurality of discharge holes (214) penetrating the grooved material cylinder (21) are provided inside the discharge grooves (213).

5. A fertilizer extruder conical head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner end of the discharge hole (214) is a fan-shaped hole structure (215), and the outer end of the discharge hole (214) is a cylindrical hole structure (216). The diameter of the cylindrical hole structure (216) is the same as the minimum port diameter of the fan-shaped hole structure (215).

6. A fertilizer extruder conical head according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cover plate (24) is fixedly connected to the end of the grooved material cylinder (21) with a smaller diameter, and the cover plate (24) is arranged to cover the outside of the material cylinder end plate (211).

7. The conical head of a fertilizer extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (32) is in a stepped shaft structure and has an outer diameter at one end that is larger than the outer diameter at the other end. The end of the transmission shaft (32) with a smaller outer diameter is provided with a mounting portion (321), and the cylindrical roller bearing (4) is mounted on the mounting portion (321).

Images