Shallow slot type turbulence microbubble flotation equipment for fine mineral separation

Abstract

The invention discloses shallow slot type turbulence microbubble flotation equipment for fine mineral separation. The shallow slot type turbulence microbubble flotation equipment comprises a flotation slot, a concentrate slot, a vertically arranged feeding pipe, a countercurrent mineralization mechanism arranged in the flotation slot and a plurality of ore pulp dispersion plates arranged at the bottom of the flotation slot, the countercurrent mineralization mechanism comprises a turbulence flotation cylinder arranged in the flotation tank, a conical bottom cover connected to the bottom of the turbulence flotation cylinder, a plurality of stator plates arranged in the turbulence flotation cylinder, a rotating shaft coaxially arranged in the turbulence flotation cylinder and a plurality of rotor plates connected to the rotating shaft. The bottom of the turbulence flotation cylinder is connected with the upper portion of the ore pulp dispersing plate. According to the invention, an upper vertical feeding mode is adopted, the rotor plate rotates at the feeding port to form a negative pressure area to suck ore pulp, uniform distribution of the ore pulp can be ensured, and the feeding mode is cooperated with rising bubble countercurrent mineralization, so that energy consumption can be further reduced. The countercurrent mineralization mechanism is compact in structure, concentrated in energy conveying and high in turbulent flow dissipation rate, and the energy utilization rate is greatly increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, in particular to a shallow trough type turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of global science and technology, the demand for mineral resources in all walks of life is increasing day by day. At the same time, my country's requirements for the green development and utilization of mineral resources are also constantly increasing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve and innovate mineral sorting technology. Although my country's mineral resource mining technology has developed steadily, easy-to-select resources are gradually exhausted, and the problems of poor, fine and mixed mineral resources are becoming more and more prominent. It is difficult to effectively sort and recycle fine-grained minerals, resulting in a large waste of mineral resources.

[0003] Froth flotation technology is one of the most effective methods for fine-grained mineral separation. It separates useful minerals from gangue through physical and chemical reactions based on the differences in the surface properties of minerals. Due to its high selectivity, flotation methods have been widely used in the field of mineral separation. However, the current flotation technology cannot meet the current production situation, and it is urgent to improve the efficiency of mineral flotation. The progress of flotation technology not only depends on technological innovation and process optimization, but also requires the use of advanced flotation equipment. At present, the mature flotation equipment commonly used in my country's mineral processing plants is flotation machines and flotation columns.

[0004] Flotation machines are widely used in various ore dressing plants due to their high separation efficiency, strong applicability, and easy maintenance. However, it is difficult for flotation machines to achieve efficient separation of fine particles with a diameter of less than 45 microns. The main reason is that the fine particles are small in mass, and the collision with bubbles is mainly non-inertial collision. High-ash fine mud is very easy to mix into the clean coal foam in the form of mechanical entrainment or cover, thereby deteriorating the flotation effect.

[0005] Flotation columns have played an important role in the field of fine-particle mineral recovery in recent years due to their simple structure, easy maintenance, small footprint, and no mechanical moving parts. The unique foaming form of the flotation column provides sufficient tiny bubbles for fine-particle flotation, and its thick foam layer has a high selectivity for fine particles. Representative types of flotation columns include Jameson flotation columns, cyclone microbubble flotation columns, air direct filling flotation columns, and other new flotation columns. These flotation columns have shown better results than flotation machines when treating fine-particle minerals in industrial production. However, flotation columns still have certain limitations in engineering practice. If traditional flotation columns want to improve the sorting effect, the column height must be increased to extend the residence time of the ore particles in the column. However, when the column is too high, the carrying capacity of the bubbles may be limited, resulting in the detachment of the ore particles and bubbles, thereby reducing the concentrate recovery rate. In addition, increasing the column height will also bring challenges to plant assembly. Moreover, the probability of coarse particles contacting bubbles in the flotation column is small, making it difficult for coarse particles to be effectively floated.

[0006] To meet these challenges, two-stage flotation equipment came into being, effectively alleviating the problems of low mineral recovery and poor selectivity. The two-stage flotation equipment combines stirring turbulence with static sorting, integrating the advantages of flotation machines and flotation columns, ensuring the flotation of fine and coarse particles, greatly improving flotation efficiency, and reducing the space occupied by the equipment.

[0007] For example, the patent CN116422477A discloses a turbulent flotation machine suitable for efficient separation of ultrafine particles. It forms a turbulent flotation zone and a static separation zone that are physically isolated from each other in the flotation tank. In the turbulent flotation zone, a large number of microbubbles are formed by violent turbulence to achieve rapid and sufficient mineralization. In the static separation zone, efficient separation of foam and pulp is achieved, thereby effectively improving the flotation effect and being suitable for efficient separation of ultrafine mineral particles. However, this type of flotation machine still has shortcomings. For example, CN119216112A discloses an improved efficient turbulent microbubble flotation device for feeding and discharging. The structure is complex, the height of the static separation zone is relatively high, and the problem of ore particles and bubbles falling off is still serious during the process of the concentrate being loaded and rising by bubbles, which will reduce the concentrate recovery rate. At the same time, the patent CN116422477A adopts a bottom feeding solution, which has poor uniformity of feeding and increases energy consumption.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the existing technology to provide a more reliable flotation solution. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shallow trough type turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral sorting, comprising a flotation tank, a concentrate tank, a vertically arranged feed pipe, a countercurrent mineralization mechanism arranged inside the flotation tank, and a plurality of pulp dispersion plates arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank;

[0011] The countercurrent mineralization mechanism comprises a turbulent flotation cylinder arranged in the flotation tank, a conical bottom cover connected to the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder, a plurality of stator plates arranged inside the turbulent flotation cylinder, a rotating shaft coaxially arranged inside the turbulent flotation cylinder, and a plurality of rotor plates connected to the rotating shaft, wherein the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder is connected to the upper part of the pulp dispersion plate;

[0012] The feed pipe is vertically arranged on the turbulent flow flotation cylinder and is communicated with the interior of the turbulent flow flotation cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the stator plate and the rotor plate are of a mutually interlocking structure, and during the process of the rotor plate rotating relative to the stator plate, there is always a gap between the two for the slurry to pass through.

[0014] Preferably, viewed along a horizontal cross section, the plurality of rotor plates and the plurality of stator plates are radially arranged with the rotating shaft as the center;

[0015] In the vertical direction, the rotor plate is formed with rotor convex parts and rotor concave parts spaced apart from each other, and the stator plate is formed with stator convex parts and stator concave parts spaced apart from each other, the rotor convex parts fit into the stator concave parts, and the stator convex parts fit into the rotor concave parts, so as to form a structure in which the rotor plate and the stator plate are interlocked with each other;

[0016] The shapes of the rotor convex part and the stator concave part match and are both trapezoidal, and the shapes of the stator convex part and the rotor concave part match and are both trapezoidal, so that when the rotor plate rotates relative to the stator plate, there are gaps for the passage of slurry between the rotor convex part and the stator concave part, and between the stator convex part and the rotor concave part.

[0017] Preferably, from the center line of the rotating shaft to the outer periphery, the height of the rotor protrusion gradually decreases, and the height of the stator protrusion gradually increases;

[0018] From the center line of the rotating shaft to the outer periphery, the rotor convex part is sequentially provided with a first hollow structure and a second hollow structure, and the stator convex part is sequentially provided with a second hollow structure and a first hollow structure.

[0019] Preferably, the first hollow structure includes a plurality of vertical through grooves spaced apart in the horizontal direction, and the second hollow structure includes a first horizontal through groove and at least one group of second horizontal through grooves symmetrically arranged on upper and lower sides of the first horizontal through groove;

[0020] The vertical through groove and the second horizontal through groove are both trapezoidal, and the first horizontal through groove is a parallelogram;

[0021] From the center line of the rotating shaft to the outer periphery, the heights of the vertical through slot and the second horizontal through slot on the rotor protrusion gradually decrease, and the heights of the vertical through slot and the second horizontal through slot on the stator protrusion gradually increase.

[0022] Preferably, the pulp dispersion plate is vertically connected to the bottom of the flotation tank, and when viewed from above, a plurality of pulp dispersion plates are arranged in a ring shape on the periphery of the turbulent flotation cylinder, and the connection position between the turbulent flotation cylinder and the pulp dispersion plate is located on the inner side of the pulp dispersion plate;

[0023] The slurry dispersion plate is provided with transverse grid holes.

[0024] Preferably, the interior of the rotating shaft is hollow to form an air inlet passage, the upper end of the rotating shaft forms an air inlet, and the middle and lower parts of the rotating shaft are provided with air holes.

[0025] Preferably, the concentrate tank is arranged around the upper periphery of the flotation tank, and a concentrate pipe is connected to the concentrate tank;

[0026] The flotation cell is cylindrical, and the turbulent flow flotation cylinder is coaxially arranged in the flotation cell;

[0027] The bottom of the flotation tank is connected with a tailings pipe.

[0028] Preferably, the turbulent flotation cylinder is further connected to a sleeve, and the upper end of the rotating shaft passes through the sleeve and is drivingly connected to a motor.

[0029] Preferably, a plurality of baffles are vertically connected to the inner wall of the flotation tank, and viewed along a horizontal cross section, the baffles extend from the periphery to the center, and the baffles are arranged at intervals in a ring shape on the periphery of the pulp dispersion plate.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] (1) The present invention provides a shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral sorting. The present invention adopts a vertical feeding method from above. The rotor plate rotates at the feeding port to form a negative pressure zone to suck the slurry, which can ensure that the slurry is evenly distributed. This feeding method cooperates with the rising bubble countercurrent mineralization to further reduce energy consumption.

[0032] (2) The countercurrent mineralization mechanism of the present invention has a compact structure, concentrated energy transfer, and a high turbulence dissipation rate, which greatly improves energy utilization; the high turbulence environment strongly promotes the recovery of fine particles, greatly shortening the flotation cycle.

[0033] (3) The present invention optimizes the shape of the stator plate and the rotor plate, and sets a first hollow structure and a second hollow structure of a special shape and combination on the stator plate and the rotor plate, so as to strengthen the cutting effect of the stator plate and the rotor plate on the bubbles and the uniform stirring effect on the slurry, and improve the efficiency of converting the stirring energy into the power of the collision between the slurry and the bubbles, so as to promote the generation of richer and more uniform microbubbles.

[0034] (4) The present invention further shortens the height of the static separation zone by optimizing the design of the countercurrent mineralization mechanism and coordinating with structures such as the pulp dispersion plate, which is beneficial to reducing the probability of ore particles and bubbles falling off during the process of the concentrate being loaded and rising by bubbles, thereby improving the flotation efficiency.

[0035] (5) The flotation cell of the present invention adopts a countercurrent mineralization mechanism, which promotes multiple collisions and adhesions between bubbles and mineral particles during relative motion, prolongs the action time, enhances the mineralization effect, and significantly improves the recovery rate of useful minerals.

[0036] (6) The present invention adopts a unique inner and outer two-layer structure: the static separation zone is arranged around the turbulent flotation cylinder, and the overall structure is simple and compact with small size, which greatly reduces the difficulty of assembling the equipment and the manufacturing cost of the equipment, so that more flotation machines can be arranged in a limited plant area to meet production needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of a shallow trough type turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the interior of the turbulent microbubble flotation device after the section at AA in the middle;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the interior of the turbulent microbubble flotation device after the section at AA in the middle;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the interior of the turbulent microbubble flotation device after sectioning at the middle BB;

[0042] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotor plate and the rotating shaft in Example 1;

[0043] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the conical bottom cover and the rotor plate in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotor plate and the rotor plate in Example 1;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a flow velocity vector diagram simulated in the turbulent microbubble flotation device of Example 1;

[0046] Fig.10 is a flow velocity diagram simulated in the turbulent microbubble flotation device of Example 1;

[0047] Fig.11 This is a pressure diagram simulated in the turbulent microbubble flotation device of Example 1;

[0048] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotor plate and the rotating shaft inside the comparative example;

[0049] Fig.13The yield and ash content of clean coal and tail coal of four flotation equipments CFM1, CFM2, TJW and XFD in the test examples of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.14 It is the recovery rate index of the four flotation devices CFM1, CFM2, TJW and XFD in the test example of the present invention.

[0051] Description of reference numerals:

[0052] 1—flotation tank; 11—tailings pipe; 12—baffle;

[0053] 2—concentrate tank; 21—concentrate pipe;

[0054] 3—feed pipe;

[0055] 4—countercurrent mineralization mechanism; 41—turbulent flotation cylinder; 42—conical bottom cover; 43—stator plate; 44—rotating shaft; 45—rotor plate; 46—first hollow structure; 47—second hollow structure; 48—sleeve; 49—motor; 431—stator protrusion; 432—stator recess; 441—air inlet; 442—air inlet channel; 443—air hole; 451—rotor protrusion; 452—rotor recess; 461—vertical through slot; 471—first horizontal through slot; 472—second horizontal through slot;

[0056] 5—slurry dispersion plate; 51—transverse grid hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0058] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A shallow trough type turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation, comprising a flotation tank 1, a concentrate tank 2, a vertically arranged feed pipe 3, a countercurrent mineralization mechanism 4 arranged inside the flotation tank 1, and a plurality of pulp dispersion plates 5 arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank 1;

[0061] The countercurrent mineralization mechanism 4 includes a turbulent flotation cylinder 41 disposed in the flotation tank 1, a conical bottom cover 42 connected to the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder 41, a plurality of stator plates 43 disposed inside the turbulent flotation cylinder 41, a rotating shaft 44 coaxially disposed inside the turbulent flotation cylinder 41, and a plurality of rotor plates 45 connected to the rotating shaft 44. The bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder 41 is connected to the upper part of the pulp dispersion plate 5.

[0062] The feed pipe 3 is vertically disposed on the turbulent flow flotation cylinder 41 and communicated with the interior of the turbulent flow flotation cylinder 41 .

[0063] The stator plate 43 and the rotor plate 45 are mutually interlocked structures, and when the rotor plate 45 rotates relative to the stator plate 43, there is always a gap between the two for the slurry to pass through.

[0064] In this embodiment, viewed along a horizontal cross section, the plurality of rotor plates 45 and the plurality of stator plates 43 are radially arranged with the rotating shaft 44 as the center;

[0065] In the vertical direction, the rotor plate 45 is formed with a rotor protrusion 451 and a rotor recess 452 which are spaced apart from each other, and the stator plate 43 is formed with a stator protrusion 431 and a stator recess 432 which are spaced apart from each other. The rotor protrusion 451 fits into the stator recess 432, and the stator protrusion 431 fits into the rotor recess 452, thereby forming a structure in which the rotor plate 45 and the stator plate 43 are interlocked with each other.

[0066] The rotor protrusion 451 matches the shape of the stator recess 432 and is both trapezoidal. The stator protrusion 431 matches the shape of the rotor recess 452 and is both trapezoidal, so that when the rotor plate 45 rotates relative to the stator plate 43, there is a gap between the rotor protrusion 451 and the stator recess 432, and between the stator protrusion 431 and the rotor recess 452 for the slurry to pass through.

[0067] Among them, from the center line of the rotating shaft 44 to the outer periphery, the height of the rotor protrusion 451 gradually decreases, and the height of the stator protrusion 431 gradually increases; from the center line of the rotating shaft 44 to the outer periphery, the rotor protrusion 451 is sequentially provided with a first hollow structure 46 and a second hollow structure 47, and the stator protrusion 431 is sequentially provided with a second hollow structure 47 and a first hollow structure 46.

[0068] The first hollow structure includes a plurality of vertical through slots 461 arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the second hollow structure 47 includes a first horizontal through slot 471 and at least one group of second horizontal through slots 472 symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first horizontal through slot 471;

[0069] The vertical through slot 461 and the second horizontal through slot 472 are both trapezoidal, and the first horizontal through slot 471 is a parallelogram;

[0070] From the center line of the rotating shaft 44 to the outer periphery, the heights of the vertical through slot 461 and the second horizontal through slot 472 on the rotor protrusion 451 gradually decrease, and the heights of the vertical through slot 461 and the second horizontal through slot 472 on the stator protrusion 431 gradually increase.

[0071] Through the structural design of the mutual interlocking of the stator plate 43 and the rotor plate 45, combined with the limiting effect of the turbulent flotation cylinder 41 on the space in which it is located, a turbulent area with highly concentrated energy transfer and highly intense stirring can be formed inside the turbulent flotation cylinder 41, so that the bubbles can be broken up to form a large number of microbubbles under high stirring, and the particles and microbubbles can fully collide in this area, thereby achieving efficient mineralization.

[0072] The gas entering the turbulent flotation cylinder 41 through the air holes 443 of the rotating shaft 44 is also broken into dispersed micro bubbles under the violent rotation, the flotation reagent is fully dispersed, and the hydrophobic ultrafine particles in the slurry collide with the bubbles and are adsorbed, thereby achieving efficient mineralization. In this embodiment, by optimizing the shape of the stator plate 43 and the rotor plate 45, and by setting a first hollow structure 46 and a second hollow structure 47 of a special shape and combination on the stator plate 43 and the rotor plate 45, the cutting effect of the stator plate 43 and the rotor plate 45 on the bubbles and the uniform stirring effect on the slurry can be enhanced, and the efficiency of converting the stirring energy into the power for the collision between the slurry and the bubbles can be improved, so as to promote the generation of richer and more uniform micro bubbles. The stator plate 43 and the rotor plate 45 adopt an asymmetric polygonal hollow structure, which can break the symmetrical flow of the fluid, generate more turbulence and eddy currents, increase the residence time of the fluid in the high shear area, thereby improving the generation efficiency and refinement of microbubbles, and at the same time make the fluid experience different shear forces in different areas, avoid excessive or weak local shear forces, and improve the uniformity of microbubbles. The irregular hollow structure of the combination of parallelograms and trapezoids can increase the contact area between gas and liquid, promote gas dispersion and microbubble generation. The hole structure of the combination of parallelograms and trapezoids can also reduce the rotational resistance of the rotor, allowing the slurry to be mixed more thoroughly at a higher speed, and avoid particle stratification due to gravity. The staggered matching gap between the stator plate 43 and the rotor plate 45 is small, which can enhance the shear effect, improve the refinement and yield of microbubbles, form an intermittent pressure difference during operation, promote secondary suction of slurry, and increase the processing volume per unit time.

[0073] In this embodiment, the pulp dispersion plate 5 is vertically connected to the bottom of the flotation tank 1. When viewed from above, a plurality of pulp dispersion plates 5 are arranged in a ring shape on the outer periphery of the turbulent flotation cylinder 41, and the connection position between the turbulent flotation cylinder 41 and the pulp dispersion plate 5 is located on the inner side of the pulp dispersion plate 5.

[0074] The slurry dispersion plate 5 is provided with transverse grid holes 51 .

[0075] In this embodiment, the interior of the rotating shaft 44 is hollow to form an air inlet channel 442 , an air inlet port 441 is formed at the upper end of the rotating shaft 44 , and an air hole 443 is opened at the middle and lower part of the rotating shaft 44 .

[0076] In this embodiment, the concentrate tank 2 is arranged around the upper periphery of the flotation tank 1, and the concentrate tank 2 is inclined, and a lower section thereof is connected to a concentrate pipe 21.

[0077] In this embodiment, the flotation cell 1 is cylindrical, and the turbulent flotation cylinder 41 is coaxially arranged in the flotation cell 1 ; a tailings pipe 11 is connected to the bottom of the flotation cell 1 .

[0078] In this embodiment, a sleeve 48 is further connected to the turbulent flotation cylinder 41 , and the upper end of the rotating shaft 44 passes through the sleeve 48 and is driven and connected to a motor 49 .

[0079] In this embodiment, a plurality of baffles 12 are vertically connected to the inner wall of the flotation tank 1. Viewed along the horizontal section, the baffles 12 extend from the periphery to the center, and the baffles 12 are arranged at intervals in a ring shape on the periphery of the pulp dispersion plate 5.

[0080] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0081] The interior of the turbulent flotation cylinder 41 forms a countercurrent mineralization zone, and the exterior of the turbulent flotation cylinder 41 and the flotation tank 1 form a static separation zone;

[0082] The motor 49 drives the rotating shaft 44 to rotate, and the speed is adjustable. The slurry enters the turbulent flotation cylinder 41 vertically from top to bottom through the feed pipe 3 to achieve uniform feeding. A high shear turbulent kinetic energy area is formed during the shearing process of the rotor plate 45 and the stator plate 43. The circulation formed between the rotor plate 45 and the stator plate 43 increases the contact time between the ore particles and the bubbles, thereby improving the probability of mineralization. Fig.11 : The simulated pressure diagram of the flotation machine shows that the high-speed flowing slurry forms a negative pressure at the air hole 443 of the rotating shaft 44, and the external air enters the countercurrent mineralization area of ​​the flotation cell 1 under the action of the negative pressure. Fig.11 It can be seen that there is a negative pressure zone below the feed port, which can evenly suck the feed slurry into the countercurrent mineralization zone. In the narrow turbulent flotation cylinder 41, a high turbulence environment is formed under the high-speed rotation of the rotor plate 45. The bubbles are cut into microbubbles and float upward, and collide and adsorb with the descending mineral particles in the high turbulence environment, achieving efficient mineralization.

[0083] The slurry dispersion plate 5 and the rotor plate 45 below the countercurrent mineralization zone cooperate with each other to form a cycle, and the unmineralized particles are re-absorbed into the flotation zone, and the flotation is completed in this reciprocating manner: after the slurry is thrown out by the rotor plate 45, a part of it collides with the bottom plate below almost vertically downward, then turns back upward, and is sucked between the rotor plate 45 and the stator rotor plate 45 to collide with the bubbles again for mineralization; a large amount of slurry is guided by the inclined surface of the conical bottom cover 42 and collides with the bottom plate obliquely, forming a vortex and then turns back, and is also sucked between the rotor plate 45 and the stator rotor plate 45 to collide with the bubbles again for mineralization; Fig. 9 : The vector streamline diagram of the flotation machine simulation shows that slurry circulation is carried out in this area.

[0084] The mineralized slurry flows to the peripheral slurry dispersion plate 5 under the guidance of the conical bottom cover 42, and is evenly dispersed to the surrounding static separation area. During the foam floating process, due to the gravity of the mineral particles themselves and the collision with the surrounding baffles 12, the particles with better hydrophobicity float up with the bubbles, and the particles with poor hydrophobicity fall off the bubbles and fall down. Fig.10 : The simulated flow velocity diagram in the flotation machine shows that the flow velocity in the flotation tank 1 is large and there is violent turbulence; the flow velocity in the static separation area is very small. The mineralized bubbles float up and overflow into the concentrate tank 2, and the tailings are discharged from the bottom tailings pipe 11.

[0085] The present invention provides a shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral sorting. The device adopts a feeding method of vertical feeding from above, which can improve the flotation efficiency: vertical feeding and rising bubbles form countercurrent mineralization, which greatly increases the probability of collision between particles and bubbles between blades, thereby improving the flotation efficiency; vertical feeding allows the material to be fed into the flotation tank 1 more evenly, effectively avoiding the agglomeration of mineral particles, and ensuring that the mineral particles are fully in contact with the flotation reagent and bubbles; by adjusting the feeding speed, the residence time of the raw material in the flotation tank 1 is accurately controlled to ensure that the mineral particles have enough time to collide with the bubbles; vertical feeding allows the slurry to flow into the flotation tank 1 by its own gravity, while improving the sorting efficiency, it can reduce the equipment operation time, and the consumption is sharply reduced compared with the traditional flotation machine. Feeding from above can also prevent the equipment from stopping and the slurry deposition blocking the feed port, ensuring the stable operation of the equipment. In addition, the countercurrent mineralization and the cycloidal flow in the flotation tank 1 synergistically optimize the flow field distribution. The cycloidal flow gives the flow field complex three-dimensional characteristics, which complements the countercurrent mineralization and can avoid local aggregation of slurry or bubbles.

[0086] The static separation zone of the present invention is arranged around the flotation cell 1, which can greatly reduce the volume of the flotation machine, reduce the site requirements, and facilitate flexible planning and installation; it is easy to arrange in a multi-story factory building, and can be reasonably distributed on different floors according to the process flow and operation requirements, so as to realize the compactness and three-dimensionalization of the process flow, further improve the space utilization rate, and make the entire production system more efficient and orderly.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] Reference Fig.12 The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in this example, the stator protrusion 431 and the rotor protrusion 451 only have the first hollow structure 46, specifically the vertical through groove 461; from the center line of the rotating shaft 44 to the outer periphery, the height of the vertical through groove 461 on the rotor protrusion 451 gradually decreases, and the height of the vertical through groove 461 on the stator protrusion 431 gradually increases.

[0089] Test Case

[0090] In order to further illustrate the present invention, flotation experiments are carried out using a shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation in Example 1 (with a volume of 3 L, denoted as CFM1) and Comparative Example 1 (with a volume of 3 L, denoted as CFM2), and a conventional laboratory flotation machine (XFD-3L, denoted as XFD) and a turbulent static microbubble flotation machine (denoted as TJW) with the same structure as Example 1 of CN119216112A are used as comparisons. The same flotation process parameters are used and the raw coal of Linhuan Coal Preparation Plant is used as the flotation feed for the experiment.

[0091] The flotation process parameters are as follows: the collector and frother are original kerosene and MIBC, with dosages of 640g / t and 120g / t respectively; the flotation feed concentration is maintained at 90g / L, and the flotation time is 3min.

[0092] The particle size composition of flotation feed is shown in Table 1:

[0093] Table 1 Flotation feed particle size composition

[0094]

[0095] Particle size composition analysis: The dominant particle size of flotation feed is -0.045mm, accounting for 47.89% of the total sample yield, with an ash content of 37.26%. The fine particle content is high, which is prone to fine mud cover and entrainment, which is not conducive to conventional flotation separation. The slime content and ash content of each particle size are unevenly distributed. The ash content of the slime increases with the decrease of particle size, and the overall ash content is high. The +0.25mm particle size has a small amount of slime, with an ash content of 10.30%, but this part of low-ash slime is easy to desorb during the flotation separation process, and runs coarsely to the flotation tail coal product, which cannot be effectively recovered, resulting in low tail coal ash content.

[0096] The yield and ash content of clean coal and tailing coal of four flotation equipments CFM1, CFM2, TJW and XFD are as follows: Fig.13 As shown in the figure, CFM1 clean coal and CFM1 tail respectively represent the clean coal and tail coal obtained by CFM1 flotation, CFM2 clean coal and CFM2 tail respectively represent the clean coal and tail coal obtained by CFM2 flotation, TJW clean coal and TJW tail respectively represent the clean coal and tail coal obtained by TJW flotation, XFD clean coal and XFD tail respectively represent the clean coal and tail coal obtained by XFD flotation. The flotation recovery index results of the four flotation equipment are shown in Fig.14 As shown. From the flotation results, it can be seen that CFM1 has the best effect, the highest tailing ash content, and the flotation kinetics of CFM1 is faster, which is conducive to reducing the volume of the equipment. Comparison of the results of CFM1 and CFM2 shows that the flotation kinetics of CFM1 is faster than that of CFM2, and the flotation recovery index is also better than that of CFM2, which is due to the design of the first hollow structure 46 and the second hollow structure 47 of the special shape and combination in CFM1.

[0097] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0098] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to specific details.

Claims

1. A shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation, characterized in that: It includes a flotation tank, a concentrate tank, a vertically arranged feed pipe, a countercurrent mineralization mechanism arranged inside the flotation tank, and a plurality of pulp dispersion plates arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank; The countercurrent mineralization mechanism comprises a turbulent flotation cylinder arranged in the flotation tank, a conical bottom cover connected to the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder, a plurality of stator plates arranged inside the turbulent flotation cylinder, a rotating shaft coaxially arranged inside the turbulent flotation cylinder, and a plurality of rotor plates connected to the rotating shaft, wherein the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder is connected to the upper part of the pulp dispersion plate; The feed pipe is vertically arranged on the turbulent flow flotation cylinder and is communicated with the interior of the turbulent flow flotation cylinder.

2. The shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator plate and the rotor plate are mutually embedded structures, and when the rotor plate rotates relative to the stator plate, there is always a gap between the two for the slurry to pass through.

3. The shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Viewed along a horizontal cross section, a plurality of rotor plates and a plurality of stator plates are radially arranged with the rotating shaft as the center; In the vertical direction, the rotor plate is formed with rotor convex parts and rotor concave parts spaced apart from each other, and the stator plate is formed with stator convex parts and stator concave parts spaced apart from each other, the rotor convex parts fit into the stator concave parts, and the stator convex parts fit into the rotor concave parts, so as to form a structure in which the rotor plate and the stator plate are interlocked with each other; The shapes of the rotor convex part and the stator concave part match and are both trapezoidal, and the shapes of the stator convex part and the rotor concave part match and are both trapezoidal, so that when the rotor plate rotates relative to the stator plate, there are gaps for the passage of slurry between the rotor convex part and the stator concave part, and between the stator convex part and the rotor concave part.

4. The shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation according to claim 3, characterized in that: From the center line of the rotating shaft to the outer periphery, the height of the rotor protrusion gradually decreases, and the height of the stator protrusion gradually increases; From the center line of the rotating shaft to the outer periphery, the rotor convex part is sequentially provided with a first hollow structure and a second hollow structure, and the stator convex part is sequentially provided with a second hollow structure and a first hollow structure.

5. The shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first hollow knot includes a plurality of vertical through grooves spaced apart in the horizontal direction, and the second hollow structure includes a first horizontal through groove and at least one group of second horizontal through grooves symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first horizontal through groove; The vertical through groove and the second horizontal through groove are both trapezoidal, and the first horizontal through groove is a parallelogram; From the center line of the rotating shaft to the outer periphery, the heights of the vertical through slot and the second horizontal through slot on the rotor protrusion gradually decrease, and the heights of the vertical through slot and the second horizontal through slot on the stator protrusion gradually increase.

6. The shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulp dispersion plate is vertically connected to the bottom of the flotation tank. When viewed from above, the plurality of pulp dispersion plates are arranged in a ring shape on the outer periphery of the turbulent flotation cylinder, and the connection position between the turbulent flotation cylinder and the pulp dispersion plate is located on the inner side of the pulp dispersion plate. The slurry dispersion plate is provided with transverse grid holes.

7. The shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the rotating shaft is hollow to form an air inlet passage, the upper end of the rotating shaft forms an air inlet, and the middle and lower parts of the rotating shaft are provided with air holes.

8. The shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentrate tank is arranged around the upper periphery of the flotation tank, and the concentrate tank is connected with a concentrate pipe; The flotation cell is cylindrical, and the turbulent flow flotation cylinder is coaxially arranged in the flotation cell; The bottom of the flotation tank is connected with a tailings pipe.

9. The shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbulent flotation cylinder is also connected with a sleeve, and the upper end of the rotating shaft passes through the sleeve and is drivingly connected with a motor.

10. The shallow trough turbulent microbubble flotation equipment for fine-grained mineral separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of baffles are vertically connected to the inner wall of the flotation tank. When viewed along a horizontal cross section, the baffles extend from the periphery to the center, and the baffles are arranged at intervals in a ring shape on the periphery of the pulp dispersion plate.

Images