An arc welding device for preheating and deformation-proof steel structure columns

Abstract

The present invention discloses an arc welding device for preheating and anti-deformation steel structure columns, the welding device includes a base frame, a conveyor belt, a clamping mechanism, a module clamping rod, an angle adjustment platform, a welding mechanism and a chassis, the clamping mechanism includes a base, a servo cylinder, a hydraulic mechanism and a preheating mechanism, the module clamping rod includes a locking pin frame, the angle adjustment platform includes a first turntable, the welding mechanism includes a gantry, the conveyor belt, the first turntable, the gantry and the chassis are all fixedly connected to the base frame, the base is fixedly connected to the locking pin frame, the module clamping rod is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment platform, the servo cylinder, the hydraulic mechanism, the preheating mechanism and the gantry are all connected to the chassis through electrical signals; the present invention relates to the field of arc welding technology, the present invention flexibly clamps and preheats steel columns, improves welding efficiency and stability, reduces expansion and contraction differences caused by local high temperature, reduces residual stress and deformation, adjusts dead angle welding at multiple angles, detects stress and deformation in real time, and adjusts fixture pressure for dynamic compensation;

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of arc welding, in particular to an arc welding device for preheating and deformation-proof steel structure columns. Background Art

[0002] Arc welding is a process that uses the high temperature generated by an electric arc to melt metal and achieve material connection. Its basic operating principle is to build an arc between the electrode and the workpiece, and use the high temperature released by the arc to cause the metal to melt locally, forming a molten pool. After cooling, the molten pool solidifies to form a stable weld. At present, arc welding technology has become an extremely critical and indispensable processing method in modern manufacturing. It is widely used in many fields such as steel structures, ships, automobiles, and aerospace. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, this technology is developing in the direction of high efficiency, precision and intelligence. By combining with advanced technologies such as robots, sensors and AI algorithms, it can further improve welding quality and production efficiency.

[0003] During arc welding of steel columns, the localized high temperatures caused by arc welding lead to differential expansion and contraction of the metal, exposing the steel structure to the risk of residual stress and deformation. Accurately detecting and correcting shrinkage deformation during the welding process is crucial for ensuring weld quality and structural dimensional accuracy. Furthermore, for different types of steel columns, it is necessary to improve the efficiency and quality of automated welding and optimize the welding path to ensure a seamless welding process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an arc welding device for preheating and deformation-proof steel structure columns to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An arc welding device for preheating and anti-deformation steel structure columns includes a base frame, a conveyor belt, a clamping mechanism, a module clamping rod, an angle adjustment platform, a welding mechanism and a chassis. The clamping mechanism includes a base, a servo cylinder, a hydraulic mechanism and a preheating mechanism. The module clamping rod includes a locking pin frame, the angle adjustment platform includes a first turntable, and the welding mechanism includes a gantry. The conveyor belt, the first turntable, the gantry and the chassis are all fixedly connected to the base frame, the base is fixedly connected to the locking pin frame, the module clamping rod is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment platform, and the servo cylinder, the hydraulic mechanism, the preheating mechanism and the gantry are all connected to the chassis through electrical signals.

[0006] The present invention is an arc welding device for steel structure columns. The steel columns are transported to an angle adjustment platform by a conveyor belt, and the clamping mechanism is modularly arranged on the angle adjustment platform by a modular clamping rod. The chassis controls the hydraulic mechanism to flexibly clamp the periphery of the pre-assembled weld of the steel column. The modular flexible clamping greatly improves the efficiency and stability of the automated welding of steel columns of different sizes and shapes. Before welding, the preheating mechanism preheats the periphery of the weld to reduce the expansion and contraction differences caused by local high temperature, thereby reducing residual stress and deformation risks. During welding, the angle adjustment platform drives the steel structure column to adjust the tilt angle within a certain range within a three-axis coordinate system, and at the same time drives the column to rotate, and cooperates with the welding mechanism to freely adjust the welding gun angle within the three-axis coordinate system, so that the dead corners of the steel structure column can be welded. When the steel structure column is adjusted and tilted, the pressure on the clamping mechanism changes. At the same time, the steel structure will deform due to thermal expansion and cooling contraction. The preheating mechanism detects the deformation and feeds back an electrical signal to the clamping mechanism through the chassis to adjust the clamp pressure to achieve dynamic compensation. After welding is completed, the steel column is transported and unloaded by the conveyor belt.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism also includes a slide and a sleeve assembly, the hydraulic mechanism includes a shell and a sealing flange, the servo cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, the output end of the servo cylinder is fixedly connected to the slide, the slide is slidably connected to the base, the slide is fixedly connected to the shell, the shell is provided with a through tube cavity, an outer tube cavity and a slide rod cavity, the sleeve assembly includes an outer sleeve and a sliding rod, the outer sleeve is slidably connected to the through tube cavity, the outer tube cavity and the sealing flange, the sliding rod is slidably connected to the outer sleeve and the slide rod cavity, the outer sleeve is provided with a limit buckle, the sliding rod is in contact with the limit buckle, the sliding rod is provided with a hemispherical cavity, and the preheating mechanism includes a ball head rod, and the ball head rod is in contact with the hemispherical cavity.

[0008] The clamping mechanism is modularly arranged on the angle adjustment platform through the modular clamping rod. The chassis sends an electrical signal to the servo cylinder. The output end of the servo cylinder pushes the slide. The hydraulic mechanism slides toward the column. The preheating mechanism is assembled in the hemispherical cavity through the ball head rod and rotates. The ball head rod pushes the sliding rod. The sliding rod presses against the limit buckle, driving the outer sleeve to slide in the through tube cavity toward the servo cylinder. Several groups of preheating mechanisms evenly distributed in a rectangular array are attached to the curved surface of the steel column. The outer sleeve is locked by the hydraulic mechanism to flexibly clamp the periphery of the pre-assembled weld of the steel column.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydraulic mechanism also includes an oil inlet valve, an electric control valve and a rear oil pipe. The shell is also provided with an oil passage and an oil replenishing port. The through-pipe cavity, oil passage, electric control valve, sealing flange, rear oil pipe, oil replenishing port, outer pipe cavity, slide rod cavity, sleeve assembly and preheating mechanism are all provided with several groups. Several groups of through-pipe cavities, electric control valves, sealing flanges, rear oil pipes, oil replenishing ports, outer pipe cavities, slide rod cavities, sleeve assemblies and preheating mechanisms are all evenly distributed in a rectangular array along the cross section of the shell. Several groups of oil passages are evenly distributed along the vertical linearity of the shell along the oil inlet valve. The oil passage is connected with the through-pipe cavity and the oil inlet valve. The sealing flange is fixedly connected with the through-pipe cavity. The rear oil pipe and the electric control valve are fixedly connected with the oil replenishing port.

[0010] The servo cylinder pushes the shell to move toward the column, the ball head rod pushes the sliding rod, the sliding rod stretches the second spring, the sliding rod resists the limit buckle, and drives the outer sleeve to slide in the through tube cavity toward the servo cylinder, and the outer tube cavity and the outer sleeve squeeze the first spring until several groups of preheating mechanisms rotate to different angles and stick to the curved surface of the steel column. The external oil pump introduces hydraulic oil into several groups of through tube cavities through the oil inlet valve and the oil passage. The pressure provided by the hydraulic oil is used to lock the outer sleeve in the through tube cavity. When the clamping is completed, the oil pump draws away the hydraulic oil, and the shrinkage tube loosens the outer sleeve. Under the action of the first spring to restore the deformation of the outer sleeve, the sliding rod is under the action of the second spring to restore the deformation. The outer sleeve and the sliding rod are both displaced and reset in the direction away from the servo cylinder, completing several groups of rectangular evenly distributed preheating mechanisms to flexibly clamp the pre-assembled welds of the steel column at different angles.

[0011] Furthermore, the sleeve assembly also includes a compression tube, a first spring and a second spring. The sliding rod is also provided with a chassis, which is arranged on the sliding rod at one end away from the hemispherical cavity. The chassis is slidingly connected to the rear oil pipe, the second spring is fixedly connected to the shell and the chassis, the compression tube is in contact with the through tube cavity and the outer sleeve, and the first spring is fixedly connected to the outer tube cavity and the outer sleeve.

[0012] When the steel structure column is adjusted and tilted, the pressure on the preheating mechanism changes. At the same time, the steel structure will deform due to thermal expansion and cooling contraction. The preheating mechanism detects the deformation. According to the area where the steel structure increases external pressure, the preheating mechanism at the corresponding position feeds back an electrical signal to the electronic control valve through the chassis. The external oil pump inputs hydraulic oil into the rear oil pipe through the electronic control valve and the oil replenishing port. The hydraulic oil pushes the chassis to move away from the servo cylinder in the rear oil pipe. The chassis and the shell squeeze the second spring, and the tightening tube still tightens the outer sleeve. The sliding rod and the outer sleeve displace relative to each other, and the corresponding sliding rod applies a force in the opposite direction to the area of ​​increased external pressure on the column. The magnitude of the applied force is controlled by the hydraulic oil input by the electronic control valve, and the column applies a force in the opposite direction and the same pressure to the external deformation area to offset the deformation of the steel structure and correct the column. After the clamp is released, the sliding rod is reset under the action of the second spring to restore the deformation.

[0013] Furthermore, the preheating mechanism also includes a piezoelectric film and a heating resistor coil, which are fixedly connected to the ball head rod. The piezoelectric film, the heating resistor coil, the oil inlet valve, and the electric control valve are all connected to the chassis through electrical signals.

[0014] The servo cylinder pushes the shell toward the column, the piezoelectric film contacts the steel column, and the ball head rod pushes the sliding rod. The ball head rod deflects in the hemispherical cavity under the action of the relative displacement of the column and the shell, causing several groups of piezoelectric films to rotate at different angles and vertically adhere to the calculus plane of the curved surface of the steel column. The local strain of the contact surface is detected by the piezoelectric film, and the electrical signal is fed back to the chassis to calculate the shrinkage deformation. Before welding, the surrounding area of ​​the weld is preheated by the heating resistor ring to reduce the expansion and contraction differences caused by local high temperature, thereby reducing residual stress and deformation risks.

[0015] Furthermore, the module clamping rod also includes a bracket and a nut lock pin, the bracket is slidably connected to the lock pin frame, the bracket is provided with a through slot, the angle adjustment platform also includes a hexagonal plate, the hexagonal plate is provided with threaded holes, the threaded holes are provided in several groups, and the several groups of threaded holes are evenly distributed along the hexagonal plate filling array, the nut lock pin is in contact with the through slot, and the nut lock pin is connected to the threaded hole by threads.

[0016] The threaded hole is threaded to assemble the nut lock pin, and the nut lock pin contacts the through slot to fasten the bracket. Through several groups of threaded holes evenly distributed along the hexagonal plate filling array, the module clamping rod can be quickly replaced. The sliding assembly of the bracket and the lock pin frame can adjust the height of the clamping mechanism to adapt to different types of steel columns. The modular flexible clamping greatly improves the efficiency and stability of the automated welding of steel columns of different sizes and shapes.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle adjustment platform also includes a six-degree-of-freedom platform, which is fixedly connected to the first turntable and the hexagonal plate. The first turntable and the six-degree-of-freedom platform are both connected to the chassis through electrical signals.

[0018] During welding, the chassis controls the first turntable to drive the six-degree-of-freedom platform to rotate around its axis. The six-degree-of-freedom platform drives the hexagonal plate to adjust the tilt angle within a certain range in the three-axis coordinate system. Cooperating with the welding mechanism, the welding gun angle can be freely adjusted in the three-axis coordinate system, so that the blind spots of steel structure columns can be welded.

[0019] Furthermore, the welding mechanism also includes a three-axis displacement module, a second turntable and an arc welding gun. The three-axis displacement module is fixedly connected to the gantry and the second turntable, the arc welding gun is fixedly connected to the second turntable, and the three-axis displacement module, the second turntable and the arc welding gun are all connected to the chassis through electrical signals.

[0020] During welding, the chassis controls the three-axis displacement module to drive the second turntable to move within the three-axis coordinate system. The second turntable drives the arc welding gun to rotate around its axis. The arc welding gun moves along the weld curve to complete the welding of the steel structure column pillars.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention designs a clamping mechanism, through the modular arrangement of the module clamping rod, the servo cylinder pushes the shell, the ball head rod deflects in the hemispherical cavity, and several groups of piezoelectric films rotate at different angles to vertically stick to the calculus plane of the column curved surface, the ball head rod pushes the sliding rod to stretch the second spring, the sliding rod presses against the limit buckle to drive the outer sleeve to slide, squeezing the first spring, and the external oil pump passes hydraulic oil into the through tube cavity through the oil inlet valve and the oil passage to provide pressure, the tightening tube locks and fixes the outer sleeve, and the clamping is ended. The oil pump draws away the hydraulic oil, the outer sleeve and the sliding rod are reset, and the pre-assembled welds around the column are flexibly clamped, which greatly improves the efficiency and stability of the automated welding of columns of different sizes and models; this method designs a sleeve assembly, and the pressure changes when the column is adjusted and tilted, and the steel structure will be deformed due to thermal expansion and cooling contraction. The piezoelectric film detects the local strain of the contact surface and feeds back an electrical signal to the chassis push rod. Calculate the shrinkage deformation, the column moves toward the area where the external pressure increases, the electric control valve at the corresponding position receives the electrical signal and opens, the external oil pump inputs hydraulic oil through the electric control valve, the hydraulic oil pushes the chassis away from the servo cylinder, squeezes the second spring, and the corresponding sliding rod applies a force in the opposite direction to the area where the external pressure increases on the column. The magnitude of the applied force is controlled by the hydraulic oil input by the electric control valve. The forces with opposite directions and the same pressure offset the deformation of the steel structure and correct the column. After releasing the clamping, the sliding rod is reset under the action of the second spring to restore the deformation, and the clamp pressure is adjusted to achieve dynamic compensation; the present invention performs flexible clamping and preheating around the pre-assembled weld of the steel column, improves the efficiency and stability of automated welding of columns of different sizes and models, reduces the expansion and contraction differences caused by local high temperature, reduces residual stress and deformation, adjusts the dead angle of the column for welding at multiple angles, detects stress and deformation in real time, and adjusts the clamp pressure to achieve dynamic compensation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the hydraulic mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of a local area A;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partial B enlargement;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a local C enlargement;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the module clamping rod structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the angle adjustment platform structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the welding mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. chassis; 2. conveyor belt; 3. clamping mechanism; 31. base; 32. servo cylinder; 33. slide; 34. hydraulic mechanism; 341. housing; 3411. pipe cavity; 3412. oil passage; 3413. oil replenishing port; 3414. outer pipe cavity; 3415. slide rod cavity; 342. oil inlet valve; 343. electric control valve; 344. sealing flange; 345. rear oil pipe; 35. sleeve assembly; 351. outer sleeve; 3511. limit buckle; 352. shrink tube; 353. slide rod; 3531. chassis; 3532. Hemispherical cavity; 354. First spring; 355. Second spring; 36. Preheating mechanism; 361. Ball head rod; 362. Piezoelectric film; 363. Heating resistor coil; 4. Module clamping rod; 41. Bracket; 411. Through slot; 42. Locking pin rack; 43. Nut locking pin; 5. Angle adjustment platform; 51. First turntable; 52. Six-degree-of-freedom platform; 53. Hexagonal plate; 531. Threaded hole; 6. Welding mechanism; 61. Gantry; 62. Three-axis displacement module; 63. Second turntable; 64. Arc welding gun; 7. Chassis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution of an arc welding device for preheating and deforming-proof steel structure columns, including a base frame 1, a conveyor belt 2, a clamping mechanism 3, a module clamping rod 4, an angle adjustment platform 5, a welding mechanism 6 and a chassis 7. The clamping mechanism 3 includes a base 31, a servo cylinder 32, a hydraulic mechanism 34 and a preheating mechanism 36. The module clamping rod 4 includes a locking pin frame 42. The angle adjustment platform 5 includes a first turntable 51. The welding mechanism 6 includes a gantry 61. The conveyor belt 2, the first turntable 51, the gantry 61 and the chassis 7 are all fixedly connected to the base frame 1. The base 31 is fixedly connected to the locking pin frame 42. The module clamping rod 4 is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment platform 5. The servo cylinder 32, the hydraulic mechanism 34, the preheating mechanism 36 and the gantry 61 are all connected to the chassis 7 through electrical signals.

[0035] The present invention is an arc welding device for steel structure columns. The steel columns are transported to the angle adjustment platform 5 by a conveyor belt 2. The clamping mechanism 3 is modularly arranged on the angle adjustment platform 5 by a modular clamping rod 4. The chassis 7 controls the hydraulic mechanism 34 to flexibly clamp the periphery of the pre-assembled weld of the steel column. The modular flexible clamping greatly improves the efficiency and stability of the automated welding of steel columns of different sizes and shapes. Before welding, the preheating mechanism 36 preheats the periphery of the weld to reduce the expansion and contraction differences caused by local high temperature, thereby reducing residual stress and deformation risk. During welding, the angle adjustment platform 5 drives the steel structure column to adjust the inclination angle within a certain range in the three-axis coordinate system, and drives the column to rotate at the same time, and cooperates with the welding mechanism 6 to freely adjust the welding gun angle in the three-axis coordinate system, so that the dead corner of the steel structure column can be welded. When the steel structure column is adjusted and tilted, the pressure of the clamping mechanism 3 changes. At the same time, the steel structure will deform due to thermal expansion and cooling contraction. The preheating mechanism 36 detects the deformation and feeds back an electrical signal to the clamping mechanism 3 through the chassis 7 to adjust the clamp pressure to achieve dynamic compensation. After welding is completed, the steel column is transported and unloaded by the conveyor belt 2.

[0036] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 7As shown, the clamping mechanism 3 also includes a slide 33 and a sleeve assembly 35, the hydraulic mechanism 34 includes a housing 341 and a sealing flange 344, the servo cylinder 32 is fixedly connected to the base 31, the output end of the servo cylinder 32 is fixedly connected to the slide 33, the slide 33 is slidably connected to the base 31, and the slide 33 is fixedly connected to the housing 341. The housing 341 is provided with a through tube cavity 3411, an outer tube cavity 3414 and a slide rod cavity 3415. The sleeve assembly 35 includes an outer sleeve 35 1 and the sliding rod 353, the outer sleeve 351 is slidably connected to the through tube cavity 3411, the outer tube cavity 3414, and the sealing flange 344, the sliding rod 353 is slidably connected to the outer sleeve 351 and the sliding rod cavity 3415, the outer sleeve 351 is provided with a limiting buckle 3511, the sliding rod 353 is in contact with the limiting buckle 3511, the sliding rod 353 is provided with a hemispherical cavity 3532, and the preheating mechanism 36 includes a ball head rod 361, and the ball head rod 361 is in contact with the hemispherical cavity 3532.

[0037] The clamping mechanism 3 is modularly arranged on the angle adjustment platform 5 through the module clamping rod 4, and the chassis 7 sends an electrical signal to the servo cylinder 32. The output end of the servo cylinder 32 pushes the slide 33, and the hydraulic mechanism 34 slides toward the column. The preheating mechanism 36 is assembled in the hemispherical cavity 3532 through the ball head rod 361 and rotates. The ball head rod 361 pushes the sliding rod 353, and the sliding rod 353 presses against the limit buckle 3511, driving the outer sleeve 351 to slide in the through tube cavity 3411 toward the servo cylinder 32. Several groups of preheating mechanisms 36 evenly distributed in a rectangular array are attached to the curved surface of the steel column. The outer sleeve 351 is locked by the hydraulic mechanism 34 to flexibly clamp the periphery of the pre-assembled weld of the steel column.

[0038] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the hydraulic mechanism 34 also includes an oil inlet valve 342, an electric control valve 343 and a rear oil pipe 345. The housing 341 is also provided with an oil passage 3412 and an oil replenishing port 3413. The through-tube cavity 3411, the oil passage 3412, the electric control valve 343, the sealing flange 344, the rear oil pipe 345, the oil replenishing port 3413, the outer tube cavity 3414, the slide rod cavity 3415, the sleeve assembly 35, and the preheating mechanism 36 are each provided with several groups. , the rear oil pipe 345, the oil replenishing port 3413, the outer tube cavity 3414, the slide rod cavity 3415, the sleeve assembly 35, and the preheating mechanism 36 are all evenly distributed in a rectangular array along the cross-section of the shell 341, and several groups of oil passages 3412 are evenly distributed vertically along the oil inlet valve 342 along the shell 341. The oil passages 3412 are connected with the through tube cavity 3411 and the oil inlet valve 342. The sealing flange 344 is fixedly connected with the through tube cavity 3411. The rear oil pipe 345 and the electric control valve 343 are fixedly connected with the oil replenishing port 3413.

[0039] The servo cylinder 32 pushes the housing 341 toward the column. The ball rod 361 pushes the sliding rod 353. The sliding rod 353 stretches the second spring 355. The sliding rod 353 presses against the limit buckle 3511, driving the outer sleeve 351 to slide in the through tube cavity 3411 toward the servo cylinder 32. The outer tube cavity 3414 and the outer sleeve 351 squeeze the first spring 354 until the several groups of preheating mechanisms 36 rotate to different angles and stick to the curved surface of the steel column. The external oil pump introduces hydraulic oil into the several groups of through tube cavities 3411 through the oil inlet valve 342 and the oil passage 3412. Through the pressure provided by the hydraulic oil, the shrink tube 352 locks the outer sleeve 351 in the through tube cavity 3411. When the clamping is completed, the oil pump draws away the hydraulic oil, and the shrink tube 352 loosens the outer sleeve 351. Under the action of the first spring 354 to restore the deformation of the outer sleeve 351, and the sliding rod 353 under the action of the second spring 355 to restore the deformation, the outer sleeve 351 and the sliding rod 353 are both displaced and reset in the direction away from the servo cylinder 32, completing the flexible clamping of the pre-assembled weld periphery of the steel column by several groups of rectangular evenly distributed preheating mechanisms 36 at different angles.

[0040] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the sleeve assembly 35 also includes a shrink tube 352, a first spring 354 and a second spring 355. The sliding rod 353 is also provided with a chassis 3531, which is arranged on the sliding rod 353 at one end away from the hemispherical cavity 3532. The chassis 3531 is slidably connected to the rear oil pipe 345. The second spring 355 is fixedly connected to the shell 341 and the chassis 3531. The shrink tube 352 is in contact with the through tube cavity 3411 and the outer sleeve 351. The first spring 354 is fixedly connected to the outer tube cavity 3414 and the outer sleeve 351.

[0041] When the steel structure column is tilted, the pressure on the preheating mechanism 36 changes. At the same time, the steel structure will deform due to thermal expansion and cooling contraction. The preheating mechanism 36 detects the deformation and feeds back an electrical signal to the electric control valve 343 through the chassis 7 according to the area where the external pressure of the steel structure increases. The external oil pump inputs hydraulic oil into the rear oil pipe 345 through the electric control valve 343 and the oil replenishing port 3413. The chassis 3531 is pushed to move away from the servo cylinder 32 in the rear oil pipe 345 by the hydraulic oil. The chassis 3531 and the servo cylinder 32 are connected. The shell 341 squeezes the second spring 355, the tightening tube 352 still tightens the outer sleeve 351, the sliding rod 353 and the outer sleeve 351 are relatively displaced, and the corresponding sliding rod 353 applies a force in the opposite direction to the area of ​​increased external pressure of the column. The magnitude of the applied force is controlled by the hydraulic oil input by the electric control valve 343. The column applies a force in the opposite direction and the same pressure to the external deformation area to offset the deformation of the steel structure and correct the column. After the clamping is released, the sliding rod 353 is reset under the action of the second spring 355 to restore the deformation.

[0042] like Figure 4 、 Figure 7 As shown, the preheating mechanism 36 also includes a piezoelectric film 362 and a heating resistor ring 363. The piezoelectric film 362 and the heating resistor ring 363 are fixedly connected to the ball head rod 361. The piezoelectric film 362, the heating resistor ring 363, the oil inlet valve 342, and the electric control valve 343 are all connected to the chassis 7 through electrical signals.

[0043] The servo cylinder 32 pushes the shell 341 toward the column, the piezoelectric film 362 contacts the steel column, and the ball head rod 361 pushes the sliding rod 353. Under the action of the relative displacement of the column and the shell 341, the ball head rod 361 deflects in the hemispherical cavity 3532, so that several groups of piezoelectric films 362 rotate at different angles and vertically adhere to the calculus plane of the curved surface of the steel column. The local strain of the contact surface is detected by the piezoelectric film 362, and the electrical signal is fed back to the chassis 7 to calculate the shrinkage deformation. Before welding, the surrounding area of ​​the weld is preheated by the heating resistor ring 363 to reduce the expansion and contraction differences caused by local high temperature, thereby reducing residual stress and deformation risks.

[0044] like Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown, the module clamping rod 4 also includes a bracket 41 and a nut locking pin 43. The bracket 41 is slidably connected to the locking pin frame 42. A through slot 411 is provided on the bracket 41. The angle adjustment platform 5 also includes a hexagonal plate 53. The hexagonal plate 53 is provided with threaded holes 531. The threaded holes 531 are provided in several groups. Several groups of threaded holes 531 are evenly distributed along the hexagonal plate 53 to fill the array. The nut locking pin 43 is in contact with the through slot 411, and the nut locking pin 43 is connected to the threaded hole 531 through a thread.

[0045] The threaded hole 531 is threadedly assembled with the nut locking pin 43, and the nut locking pin 43 contacts the through groove 411 to fasten the bracket 41. Through several groups of threaded holes 531 evenly distributed along the hexagonal plate 53 filling array, the module clamping rod 4 can be quickly replaced. The sliding assembly of the bracket 41 and the locking pin frame 42 can adjust the height of the clamping mechanism 3 to adapt to different types of steel columns. The modular flexible clamping greatly improves the efficiency and stability of the automated welding of steel columns of different sizes and shapes.

[0046] like Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown, the angle adjustment platform 5 also includes a six-degree-of-freedom platform 52, which is fixedly connected to the first turntable 51 and the hexagonal plate 53. The first turntable 51 and the six-degree-of-freedom platform 52 are both connected to the chassis 7 through electrical signals.

[0047] During welding, the chassis 7 controls the first turntable 51 to drive the six-degree-of-freedom platform 52 to rotate around its axis. The six-degree-of-freedom platform 52 drives the hexagonal plate 53 to adjust the tilt angle within a certain range in the three-axis coordinate system. In conjunction with the welding mechanism 6, the welding gun angle can be freely adjusted in the three-axis coordinate system, so that the blind spots of steel structure columns can be welded.

[0048] like Figure 10 As shown, the welding mechanism 6 also includes a three-axis displacement module 62, a second turntable 63 and an arc welding gun 64. The three-axis displacement module 62 is fixedly connected to the gantry 61 and the second turntable 63. The arc welding gun 64 is fixedly connected to the second turntable 63. The three-axis displacement module 62, the second turntable 63 and the arc welding gun 64 are all connected to the chassis 7 through electrical signals.

[0049] During welding, the chassis 7 controls the three-axis displacement module 62 to drive the second turntable 63 to move in the three-axis coordinate system, and drives the arc welding gun 64 to rotate around its axis through the second turntable 63. The arc welding gun 64 moves along the weld curve to complete the welding of the steel structure column pillar.

[0050] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the conveyor belt 2 transports the steel column to the angle adjustment platform 5, the module clamping rod 4 is modularly arranged, the servo cylinder 32 pushes the shell 341, the ball head rod 361 deflects in the hemispherical cavity 3532, and several groups of piezoelectric films 362 rotate at different angles to vertically adhere to the calculus plane of the column surface. The ball head rod 361 pushes the sliding rod 353 to stretch the second spring 355. The sliding rod 353 presses against the limit buckle 3511 to drive the outer sleeve 351 to slide, squeezing the first spring 354. The external oil pump is driven by the The oil inlet valve 342 and the oil passage 3412 introduce hydraulic oil into the through-tube cavity 3411 to provide pressure, the shrink tube 352 locks and fixes the outer sleeve 351, and the clamping is ended. The oil pump pumps out the hydraulic oil, and the outer sleeve 351 and the sliding rod 353 are reset to flexibly clamp the periphery of the pre-assembled weld of the column, greatly improving the efficiency and stability of the automated welding of columns of different sizes. Before welding, the heating resistor ring 363 preheats the periphery of the weld to reduce the difference in expansion and contraction caused by local high temperature, thereby reducing residual Stress and deformation. During welding, the angle adjustment platform 5 drives the column to adjust the tilt angle and rotate, and cooperates with the welding mechanism 6 to adjust the welding gun angle to weld the blind spot of the column. When the column is tilted, the pressure changes, and the steel structure will deform due to thermal expansion and cooling contraction. The piezoelectric film 362 detects the local strain of the contact surface and feeds back an electrical signal to the chassis 7 to infer the contraction deformation. The column moves toward the area where external pressure increases. The corresponding position of the electric control valve 343 receives an electrical signal to open, and the external oil pump inputs hydraulic oil through the electric control valve 343. The hydraulic oil pushes the chassis 3531 away from the servo cylinder 32 and squeezes the second spring 355. The corresponding sliding rod 353 applies a force in the opposite direction to the area of ​​increased external pressure on the column. The magnitude of the applied force is controlled by the hydraulic oil input by the electric control valve 343. The force with the same pressure and opposite direction offsets the deformation of the steel structure and corrects the column. After releasing the clamp, the sliding rod 353 returns to its original position under the action of the second spring 355 to restore the deformation. The clamp pressure is adjusted to achieve dynamic compensation, completing the transportation and unloading of the welding conveyor 2.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An arc welding device for preheating and deformation-proof steel structure columns, characterized by: The welding device comprises a base frame (1), a conveyor belt (2), a clamping mechanism (3), a module clamping rod (4), an angle adjustment platform (5), a welding mechanism (6) and a chassis (7); the clamping mechanism (3) comprises a base (31), a servo cylinder (32), a hydraulic mechanism (34) and a preheating mechanism (36); the module clamping rod (4) comprises a locking pin frame (42); the angle adjustment platform (5) comprises a first turntable (51); the welding mechanism (6) comprises a gantry (61); the conveyor belt (2), the first turntable (51), the gantry (61) and the chassis (7) are all fixedly connected to the base frame (1); the base (31) is fixedly connected to the locking pin frame (42); the module clamping rod (4) is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment platform (5); the servo cylinder (32), the hydraulic mechanism (34), the preheating mechanism (36) and the gantry (61) are all connected to the chassis (7) via electrical signals; The clamping mechanism (3) further comprises a slide (33) and a sleeve assembly (35), the hydraulic mechanism (34) comprises a housing (341) and a sealing flange (344), the servo cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to the base (31), the output end of the servo cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to the slide (33), the slide (33) is slidably connected to the base (31), the slide (33) is fixedly connected to the housing (341), the housing (341) is provided with a through tube cavity (3411), an outer tube cavity (3414) and a slide rod cavity (3415), the sleeve assembly (35) comprises an outer sleeve (35 1) and a sliding rod (353), the outer sleeve (351) is slidably connected to the through tube cavity (3411), the outer tube cavity (3414), and the sealing flange (344), the sliding rod (353) is slidably connected to the outer sleeve (351) and the sliding rod cavity (3415), the outer sleeve (351) is provided with a limit buckle (3511), the sliding rod (353) is in contact with the limit buckle (3511), the sliding rod (353) is provided with a hemispherical cavity (3532), the preheating mechanism (36) includes a ball head rod (361), and the ball head rod (361) is in contact with the hemispherical cavity (3532); The hydraulic mechanism (34) further includes an oil inlet valve (342), an electric control valve (343) and a rear oil pipe (345). The housing (341) is further provided with an oil passage (3412) and an oil replenishing port (3413). The oil passage (3412) is in communication with the through-tube cavity (3411) and the oil inlet valve (342). The sealing flange (344) is fixedly connected to the through-tube cavity (3411). The rear oil pipe (345) and the electric control valve (343) are fixedly connected to the oil replenishing port (3413). The sleeve assembly (35) further includes a shrink tube (352), a first spring (354) and a second spring (355). The sliding rod (353) is further provided with a chassis (3531). The chassis (3531) is provided on the sliding rod (353) at one end away from the hemispherical cavity (3532). The chassis (3531) is slidably connected to the rear oil pipe (345). The second spring (355) is fixedly connected to the housing (341) and the chassis (3531). The shrink tube (352) is in contact with the through tube cavity (3411) and the outer sleeve (351). The first spring (354) is fixedly connected to the outer tube cavity (3414) and the outer sleeve (351). The clamping mechanism (3) is modularly arranged on the angle adjustment platform (5) through the modular clamping rod (4).

2. The arc welding device for preheating and deformation-proof steel structure columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through-tube cavity (3411), the oil passage (3412), the electric control valve (343), the sealing flange (344), the rear oil pipe (345), the oil replenishing port (3413), the outer tube cavity (3414), the slide rod cavity (3415), the sleeve assembly (35), and the preheating mechanism (36) are all provided in a plurality of groups. The through-tube cavity (3411), the electric control valve (343), the sealing flange (344), the rear oil pipe (345), the oil replenishing port (3413), the outer tube cavity (3414), the slide rod cavity (3415), the sleeve assembly (35), and the preheating mechanism (36) are uniformly distributed in a rectangular array along the cross section of the shell (341). The oil passages (3412) are uniformly distributed vertically along the oil inlet valve (342) and the shell (341).

3. The arc welding device for preheating and deformation-proof steel structure columns according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preheating mechanism (36) further includes a piezoelectric film (362) and a heating resistor ring (363), wherein the piezoelectric film (362) and the heating resistor ring (363) are fixedly connected to the ball head rod (361), and the piezoelectric film (362), the heating resistor ring (363), the oil inlet valve (342), and the electric control valve (343) are all connected to the chassis (7) via electrical signals; The servo cylinder (32) pushes the shell (341) to move toward the column, the piezoelectric film (362) contacts the steel column, the ball head rod (361) pushes the sliding rod (353), and the ball head rod (361) deflects in the hemispherical cavity (3532) under the action of the relative displacement of the column and the shell (341), so that several groups of piezoelectric films (362) rotate at different angles and vertically adhere to the calculus plane of the curved surface of the steel column. The local strain of the contact surface is detected by the piezoelectric film (362), and the electrical signal is fed back to the chassis (7) to calculate the shrinkage deformation.

4. The arc welding device for preheating and deformation-proof steel structure columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: The module clamping rod (4) further includes a bracket (41) and a nut lock pin (43), the bracket (41) is slidably connected to the lock pin bracket (42), the bracket (41) is provided with a through slot (411), the angle adjustment platform (5) further includes a hexagonal plate (53), the hexagonal plate (53) is provided with a threaded hole (531), the threaded hole (531) is provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of threaded holes (531) are evenly distributed along the hexagonal plate (53), the nut lock pin (43) contacts the through slot (411), and the nut lock pin (43) is connected to the threaded hole (531) by a thread.

5. The arc welding device for preheating and deformation-proof steel structure columns according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle adjustment platform (5) further comprises a six-degree-of-freedom platform (52), wherein the six-degree-of-freedom platform (52) is fixedly connected to the first turntable (51) and the hexagonal plate (53), and the first turntable (51) and the six-degree-of-freedom platform (52) are connected to the chassis (7) via electrical signals.

6. The arc welding device for preheating and deformation-proof steel structure columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding mechanism (6) further comprises a three-axis displacement module (62), a second turntable (63) and an arc welding gun (64); the three-axis displacement module (62) is fixedly connected to the gantry (61) and the second turntable (63); the arc welding gun (64) is fixedly connected to the second turntable (63); and the three-axis displacement module (62), the second turntable (63) and the arc welding gun (64) are connected to the chassis (7) via electrical signals.

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