Preparation process of bulging fish plate and bulging fish plate

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation process of a bulging fish plate and the bulging fish plate and belongs to the technical field of rail transit. The preparation method of the bulging fish plate comprises the following steps: S1, inner core manufacturing, wherein the inner core is obtained by assembling one bulging fish plate single plate or a plurality of bulging fish plate single plates; S2, winding, wherein the reinforced fiber soaked with resin is cross-wound to the surface of the inner core; S3, curing, wherein the inner core after the reinforced fiber is wound in the step S2 is heated and cured; and S4, trimming, wherein the finished product is obtained after the bulging fish plate after curing is trimmed, perforated and sprayed. The preparation method disclosed by the application can prepare the bulging fish plate with the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and high strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a manufacturing process for a fishtail plate and the fishtail plate itself, belonging to the technical field of rail transit. Background Technology

[0002] Fishplates are key components widely used in load-bearing structures such as railway track connections and bridge structural reinforcement. Their main functions are to provide stable connections, withstand dynamic loads, and ensure safety and durability during use. With the rapid development of the transportation industry, the performance requirements for load-bearing structures in infrastructure such as railways and bridges are constantly increasing. Especially under high-load and high-frequency use environments, fishplates made of traditional metal materials are gradually revealing many shortcomings.

[0003] Traditional metal fishplates, such as those made of steel or cast iron, while possessing high strength, suffer from drawbacks such as heavy weight, susceptibility to corrosion, and limited fatigue life. Due to prolonged exposure to harsh environments, metal fishplates are frequently corroded by moisture, salt spray, acids, and alkalis, leading to performance degradation and even failure. Furthermore, the processing of metal materials is complex and energy-intensive, which does not align with current trends in green manufacturing and energy conservation and emission reduction. Therefore, developing novel fishplate materials with lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and fatigue-resistant properties has become a research hotspot. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a manufacturing process for a bulging fishtail plate and a bulging fishtail plate, which solves the problems of heavy weight, easy corrosion and poor fatigue resistance of traditional metal fishtail plates.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for preparing a swollen fish tail plate includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Inner core manufacturing, wherein the inner core is assembled from one or more bulging fishtail plate veneers;

[0008] S2: Winding, interlacing the resin-impregnated reinforcing fibers onto the inner core surface;

[0009] S3: Curing, the inner core after the reinforcing fiber is wound in step S2 is heated and cured;

[0010] S4: Finishing, after the cured bulging fishtail plate is finished by finishing, drilling holes and spraying.

[0011] The preparation of the high-strength, impact-resistant and lightweight bulging fishplate is realized through four steps including inner core making, reinforcing fiber winding, curing and trimming. Compared with the traditional processing method, the method of the present application has significant innovation in material selection, structure optimization and manufacturing process. First, through the assembly of bulging fishplate single board or the direct application of single single board, the size accuracy and structural stability of the inner core are ensured, laying a foundation for the subsequent process. Second, the winding of reinforcing fibers provides more excellent mechanical properties, so that the final product has excellent bending resistance, tensile resistance and fatigue resistance. The curing step further improves the rigidity of the overall structure, ensures the full curing of the fiber resin composite material, and enhances the consistency and durability of the material. The final trimming step ensures the size accuracy and surface quality of the finished product, meeting the requirements of engineering applications.

[0012] Further, the bulging fishplate single board is prepared from at least one of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl resin and phenolic resin as raw material.

[0013] The method selects at least one of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl resin or phenolic resin as the raw material of the bulging fishplate single board, so that it has the characteristics of lightweight high-strength, corrosion resistance and excellent heat resistance. Compared with traditional metal materials, the application of these resin composites significantly reduces the self-weight of the product while maintaining good mechanical properties. In addition, the plasticity and processing adaptability of resin composites improve the flexibility of manufacturing, meeting the needs of different application scenarios.

[0014] Further, the reinforcing fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, olympic fiber, nylon fiber, polypropylene fiber and polyimide fiber.

[0015] The use of one or more of glass fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, olympic fiber, nylon fiber, polypropylene fiber and polyimide fiber as reinforcing fiber makes the prepared bulging fishplate have higher strength and impact resistance. Among them, glass fiber can provide good tensile and bending resistance, aramid fiber has excellent impact resistance, and nylon fiber and polyimide fiber can give the material better flexibility and fatigue resistance. By reasonably selecting the type and combination of reinforcing fibers, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the bulging fishplate are further optimized.

[0016] Further, the resin is selected from one or more of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl resin and phenolic resin.

[0017] The use of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl resin or phenolic resin as the resin can ensure good bonding of the reinforcing fibers and the matrix material, and improve the overall strength and durability of the material. Epoxy resin has excellent bonding strength and fatigue resistance, polyurethane resin provides better elasticity and impact resistance, and unsaturated polyester resin can balance cost and performance, suitable for mass production.

[0018] Further, the bulging fish plate veneer is prepared by a prepreg molding process or a high-pressure RTM process.

[0019] The use of a prepreg molding process or a high-pressure RTM process to prepare the bulging fish plate veneer makes the density and strength uniformity of the product better, and can improve the overall quality of the product. The prepreg molding process precisely controls the resin content and fiber distribution to ensure the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the material after curing; the high-pressure RTM process can improve production efficiency while optimizing fiber wetting effect, enhancing the impact resistance and fatigue life of the product.

[0020] Further, when the inner core is assembled by a plurality of bulging fish plate veneers in the S1 step, the plurality of bulging fish plate veneers are pre-bonded by polyurethane or epoxy resin adhesive.

[0021] When the inner core is assembled by a plurality of bulging fish plate veneers, the use of polyurethane or epoxy resin adhesive for pre-bonding improves the overall structural strength and stability of the inner core. This method effectively reduces stress concentration in the structure, improves the impact resistance of the product, and ensures its long-term reliability.

[0022] Further, the winding angle of the reinforcing fibers in the S2 step is 30-45°, and the winding angle is the included angle between the reinforcing fibers and the length direction of the inner core.

[0023] By setting the winding angle of the reinforcing fibers in the range of 30-45°, the reinforcing fibers form a reasonable included angle along the length direction of the inner core, optimizing the mechanical property distribution. A reasonable winding angle helps to improve the tensile strength, shear resistance and overall durability of the product, ensuring its good structural stability under complex stress environment.

[0024] A bulging fish plate prepared by a preparation method of a bulging fish plate, comprising an inner core and a winding layer, the thickness of the bulging fish plate ranges from 5mm to 50mm.

[0025] The bulging fishplate prepared by the method comprises an inner core and a winding layer, and the thickness thereof ranges from 5mm to 50mm, and the thickness can be flexibly adjusted according to different use requirements to adapt to different bearing and application scenarios. The thicker fishplate can provide higher rigidity and strength, and the thinner fishplate has light weight and sufficient mechanical properties.

[0026] Further, the inner core is connected by mechanical locking or splicing of a plurality of bulging fishplate single boards, and the joint area is bonded by polyurethane or epoxy resin adhesive.

[0027] The plurality of bulging fishplate single boards are connected by mechanical locking or splicing, and the joint area is bonded by polyurethane or epoxy resin adhesive, so that the overall structure of the product is more stable. The mechanical locking provides good assembly precision, and the splicing helps to reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the production efficiency.

[0028] Further, the thickness of the winding layer is 2-20mm.

[0029] The thickness of the winding layer is set to 2-20mm, so that the use amount of the reinforcing fiber and the comprehensive performance of the product achieve the best balance. The appropriate thickness of the winding layer can enhance the impact resistance and fatigue life of the product, while ensuring the lightweight characteristics of the material and improving its competitiveness in actual application.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0031] The present application provides a preparation method of a bulging fishplate, which covers key process steps such as inner core making, reinforcing fiber winding, curing and finishing, and realizes a high-strength, impact-resistant and lightweight bulging fishplate. Compared with the traditional method, the present application has significant innovation in material selection, structure optimization and manufacturing process, which ensures the mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and durability of the finished product.

[0032] In terms of manufacturing process, the present application uses prepreg molding or high-pressure RTM process to make the product density and strength uniform and improve the overall quality. The inner core can be assembled by a plurality of single boards and pre-bonded by polyurethane or epoxy resin adhesive to enhance the structural stability. In addition, the winding angle of the reinforcing fiber is set to 30-45° to optimize the mechanical properties, improve the shear strength and durability.

[0033] The finally prepared bulging fishplate has excellent strength and lightweight characteristics, and is suitable for different bearing requirements.

[0034] In summary, the present application improves the mechanical properties of the bulging fishplate while realizing lightweight, durability and optimization of manufacturing cost, and provides an efficient and reliable technical solution for the preparation of high-performance composite fishplate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application, the present application is further described below.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] A preparation method of a bulging fish plate, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1: inner core making

[0039] Select polyurethane resin as raw material, and prepare a bulging fish plate single board by using high-pressure RTM process.

[0040] S2: winding

[0041] Use glass fiber as reinforcing fiber, impregnate polyurethane resin, and wind on the surface of the inner core in an interlaced manner. The winding angle is set to 35°, that is, the included angle between the reinforcing fiber and the length direction of the inner core is controlled to 35°.

[0042] S3: curing

[0043] Place the inner core after winding in the curing oven, and cure at 120℃ for 3 hours, so that the reinforcing fiber and the inner core are tightly combined to form a stable reinforcing layer.

[0044] S4: finishing

[0045] Mechanically finish the cured bulging fish plate to ensure the surface flatness. Then drill holes to meet the installation requirements. Finally, spray a corrosion-resistant coating to improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance, and obtain the final product.

[0046] The bulging fish plate prepared according to the above preparation method comprises an inner core and a winding layer, the thickness of the bulging fish plate is 50mm, and the thickness of the winding layer is 2mm.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] A preparation method of a bulging fish plate, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1: inner core making

[0050] Select epoxy resin as raw material, and prepare a bulging fish plate single board by using high-pressure RTM process.

[0051] S2: winding

[0052] Use glass fiber as reinforcing fiber, impregnate epoxy resin, and wind on the surface of the inner core in an interlaced manner. The winding angle is set to 30°, that is, the included angle between the reinforcing fiber and the length direction of the inner core is controlled to 30°.

[0053] S3: curing

[0054] The completed inner core is placed in a curing oven and cured at 120°C for 3 hours to tightly combine the reinforcing fibers with the inner core and form a stable reinforcing layer.

[0055] S4: trimming

[0056] The cured bulging fish plate is mechanically trimmed to ensure surface flatness. Then drilling is performed to meet installation requirements. Finally, an anti-corrosion coating is sprayed to improve weather resistance and corrosion resistance, obtaining the final product.

[0057] The bulging fish plate prepared according to the preparation method described above comprises an inner core and a winding layer, the thickness of the bulging fish plate is 50mm, and the thickness of the winding layer is 5mm.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] A preparation method of a bulging fish plate, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1: inner core making

[0061] Epoxy resin is selected as raw material, and a bulging fish plate single board is prepared by high-pressure RTM process. Two bulging fish plate single boards are connected by mechanical lock buckle, and epoxy resin adhesive is coated in the joint area to form an integral inner core.

[0062] S2: winding

[0063] Nylon fiber is used as reinforcing fiber, impregnated with phenolic resin, and wound on the surface of the inner core in a staggered manner. The winding angle is set to 70°, that is, the included angle between the reinforcing fiber and the length direction of the inner core is controlled to be 70°.

[0064] S3: curing

[0065] The completed inner core is placed in a curing oven and cured at 120°C for 3 hours to tightly combine the reinforcing fibers with the inner core and form a stable reinforcing layer.

[0066] S4: trimming

[0067] The cured bulging fish plate is mechanically trimmed to ensure surface flatness. Then drilling is performed to meet installation requirements. Finally, an anti-corrosion coating is sprayed to improve weather resistance and corrosion resistance, obtaining the final product.

[0068] The bulging fish plate prepared according to the preparation method described above comprises an inner core and a winding layer, the thickness of the bulging fish plate is 50mm, and the thickness of the winding layer is 20mm.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] A preparation method of a bulging fish plate, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0071] S1: inner core making

[0072] Vinyl resin is selected as raw material, and a bulging fish plate single plate is prepared by high-pressure RTM process. A plurality of bulging fish plate single plates are connected by mechanical lock buckle, and epoxy resin adhesive is coated on the joint area to form an integral inner core.

[0073] S2: winding

[0074] Olefin fiber is used as reinforcing fiber, impregnated with vinyl resin, and wound on the surface of the inner core in an interlaced manner. The winding angle is set to 35°, that is, the included angle between the reinforcing fiber and the length direction of the inner core is controlled to 35°.

[0075] S3: curing

[0076] The inner core after winding is placed in a curing oven and cured at 120°C for 3 hours, so that the reinforcing fiber is tightly combined with the inner core to form a stable reinforcing layer.

[0077] The bulging fish plate prepared according to the above preparation method comprises an inner core and a winding layer, the thickness of the bulging fish plate is 50mm, and the thickness of the winding layer is 20mm.

[0078] S4: finishing

[0079] The cured bulging fish plate is mechanically finished to ensure the surface flatness. Then drilling is carried out to meet the installation requirements. Finally, a corrosion-resistant coating is sprayed to improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance, and the final product is obtained.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] A preparation method of a bulging fish plate, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0082] S1: inner core making

[0083] Polypropylene resin is selected as raw material, and a bulging fish plate single plate is prepared by high-pressure RTM process. A plurality of bulging fish plate single plates are connected by mechanical lock buckle, and epoxy resin adhesive is coated on the joint area to form an integral inner core.

[0084] S2: winding

[0085] Polypropylene fiber is used as reinforcing fiber, impregnated with polyimide resin, and wound on the surface of the inner core in an interlaced manner. The winding angle is set to 35°, that is, the included angle between the reinforcing fiber and the length direction of the inner core is controlled to 35°.

[0086] S3: curing

[0087] The completed wrapped inner core is placed in a curing oven and cured at 260°C for 2 hours to tightly bond the reinforcing fibers to the inner core and form a structurally stable reinforcing layer.

[0088] S4: trimming

[0089] The cured bulging fish plate is mechanically trimmed to ensure surface flatness. Then drilling is performed to meet installation requirements. Finally, an anti-corrosion coating is sprayed to improve weather resistance and corrosion resistance, obtaining the final product.

[0090] The bulging fish plate prepared according to the above preparation method comprises an inner core and a wrapping layer, the thickness of the bulging fish plate is 50mm, and the thickness of the wrapping layer is 2mm.

[0091] Example 6

[0092] A preparation method of a bulging fish plate, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0093] S1: inner core making

[0094] An epoxy resin is selected as a raw material, and a bulging fish plate single board is prepared by using a high-pressure RTM process. A plurality of bulging fish plate single boards are connected by a mechanical lock buckle, and an epoxy resin adhesive is coated on the joint area to form an integral inner core.

[0095] S2: winding

[0096] A mixed reinforcing fiber of polypropylene fiber and aramid fiber is used to impregnate the epoxy resin, and is wound on the surface of the inner core in a staggered manner. The winding angle is set to 45°, that is, the included angle between the reinforcing fiber and the length direction of the inner core is controlled to be 45°.

[0097] S3: curing

[0098] The completed wrapped inner core is placed in a curing oven and cured at 260°C for 2 hours to tightly bond the reinforcing fibers to the inner core and form a structurally stable reinforcing layer.

[0099] S4: trimming

[0100] The cured bulging fish plate is mechanically trimmed to ensure surface flatness. Then drilling is performed to meet installation requirements. Finally, an anti-corrosion coating is sprayed to improve weather resistance and corrosion resistance, obtaining the final product.

[0101] The bulging fish plate prepared according to the above preparation method comprises an inner core and a wrapping layer, the thickness of the bulging fish plate is 50mm, and the thickness of the wrapping layer is 2mm.

[0102] Comparative Example 1

[0103] A preparation method of a bulging fish plate, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0104] S1: inner core making

[0105] Selecting epoxy resin as raw material, a bulging fish plate single board is prepared by high pressure RTM process.

[0106] S2: trimming

[0107] Mechanically trimming the bulging fish plate single board to ensure the surface flatness. Then drilling processing is carried out to meet the installation requirements. Finally, a corrosion-resistant coating is sprayed to improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance, and the final product is obtained.

[0108] The bulging fish plate prepared according to the above preparation method has a thickness ranging from 50mm.

[0109] Detection method

[0110] 1. Tensile property test

[0111] Test standard: according to GB / T 1447-2005 "Fiber reinforced plastic tensile property test method".

[0112] Sample preparation: standard dumbbell-shaped samples are cut from the bulging fish plate product, with a length of 250mm, an effective gauge length of 100mm, a width of 15mm, and a thickness consistent with the product.

[0113] Test equipment: electronic universal testing machine, precision grade 0.5, equipped with tensile clamps.

[0114] Test conditions: the tensile speed is 2mm / min, and the test is carried out at room temperature (23℃±2℃).

[0115] Test items: tensile strength, tensile modulus, and elongation at break.

[0116] 2. Bending property test

[0117] Test standard: according to GB / T 1449-2005 "Fiber reinforced plastic bending property test method".

[0118] Sample preparation: rectangular samples with dimensions of 100mm×15mm×product thickness are cut.

[0119] Test equipment: electronic universal testing machine, equipped with three-point bending clamps, with a support distance of 80mm.

[0120] Test conditions: the bending speed is 2mm / min, and the test is carried out at room temperature.

[0121] Test items: bending strength and bending modulus.

[0122] 3. Impact performance test

[0123] Test standard: According to GB / T 1451-2005 "Test method for impact performance of fiber reinforced plastics".

[0124] Sample preparation: Rectangular sample with size of 80mm x 10mm x product thickness.

[0125] Test equipment: Simple supported beam impact testing machine with impact energy of 15J.

[0126] Test condition: Under room temperature condition, without notched sample.

[0127] Test item: Impact strength.

[0128] 4. Interlaminar shear strength test

[0129] Test standard: According to GB / T 3356-2014 "Test method for interlaminar shear strength of fiber reinforced plastics (short beam method)".

[0130] Sample preparation: Short beam sample with size of 20mm x 6mm x product thickness.

[0131] Test equipment: Electronic universal testing machine equipped with interlaminar shear clamp.

[0132] Test condition: Head speed of 1mm / min, under room temperature condition.

[0133] Test item: Interlaminar shear strength.

[0134] 5. Fatigue performance test

[0135] Test standard: Refer to GB / T 3961-2005 "Test method for fatigue performance of fiber reinforced plastics".

[0136] Sample preparation: Same as tensile sample.

[0137] Test equipment: Fatigue testing machine capable of applying periodic tensile load.

[0138] Test condition: Load control mode, cycle frequency of 5Hz, test stress of 50% of tensile strength.

[0139] Test item: Fatigue life (cycle number).

[0140] The above test results are shown in the following table:

[0141]

[0142]

[0143]

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a swollen fish tail plate, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Inner core fabrication, wherein the inner core is assembled from multiple bulging fishtail plate veneers; S2: Winding, interlacing the resin-impregnated reinforcing fibers onto the inner core surface; S3: Curing, the inner core after the reinforcing fiber is wound in step S2 is heated and cured; S4: Finishing, after the cured bulging fishtail plate is finished by finishing, drilling holes and spraying. The bloated fishtail plate veneer is prepared from at least one of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl resin, and phenolic resin as raw materials; The bloated fishtail plate veneer is prepared by prepreg molding process or high-pressure RTM process; In step S2, the winding angle of the reinforcing fiber is 30-70°, and the winding angle is the angle between the reinforcing fiber and the length direction of the inner core. The inner core is composed of multiple bulging fishtail panels connected by mechanical fasteners or splicing, and the joint areas are bonded together with polyurethane or epoxy resin adhesive.

2. The method for preparing the swollen fish tail plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, orlon fiber, nylon fiber, polypropylene fiber, and polyimide fiber.

3. The method for preparing the swollen fish tail plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin is selected from one or more of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl resin, and phenolic resin.

4. The method for preparing the swollen fish tail plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, when the inner core is assembled using multiple bulging fishtail plate panels, the multiple bulging fishtail plate panels are pre-bonded together using polyurethane or epoxy resin adhesive.

5. A bloated fishtail plate prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The bulging fishtail plate includes an inner core and a winding layer, and its thickness ranges from 5 mm to 50 mm.

6. The bloated fishtail plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the winding layer is 2 to 20 mm.

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