Degradable environment-friendly tableware and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of degradable materials, and discloses degradable environment-friendly tableware and a preparation process thereof.The tableware comprises a plate body, the plate body is composed of a base layer formed by mold pressing of a composite blank and a surface layer coating the outer portion of the base layer, and the base layer is prepared from coffee grounds, bamboo pulp, an adhesive, polylactic acid fibers and an antioxidant; the surface layer is prepared from chitosan, deionized water, polyurethane and an antibacterial agent, the coffee grounds are used as a main raw material to produce a disposable degradable environment-friendly tableware finished product, waste utilization is achieved, and meanwhile the produced tableware is in a natural coffee color, has coffee fragrance and has good bacteriostatic and antibacterial performance; the environment-friendly tableware provided by the invention has the advantages of low production and manufacturing cost, easily degradable materials, environment friendliness and no pollution, and is a green and environment-friendly product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of degradable materials, and more specifically, to a degradable and environmentally friendly tableware and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] The disposable dinner plates currently in use are mainly divided into two categories: one is made of paper and the other is made of plastic. The production of paper tableware requires a lot of wood, which is costly and has a low utilization rate; plastic tableware is often difficult to degrade and easily causes environmental pollution.

[0003] Most of the coffee grounds are discarded as waste, and the common treatment method is landfill, which is a huge waste of resources. If the large amount of coffee grounds are not handled in time, they will emit unpleasant odors, which will burden people's lives and the environment. Coffee grounds are a typical bio-based material. How to effectively utilize coffee grounds and generate high added value is of environmental significance.

[0004] However, coffee grounds, as plant fibers, have poor water resistance when used in tableware. When they come into contact with water for a long time, they easily absorb water. In addition, tableware made of plant fibers easily breeds bacteria, affecting the health of users. Therefore, the widespread application of plant fibers such as coffee grounds in the tableware industry is severely limited. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a degradable and environmentally friendly tableware and a preparation process thereof.

[0006] The present application provides a biodegradable and environmentally friendly tableware and a preparation process thereof using the following technical solutions: A degradable and environmentally friendly tableware comprises a plate body, wherein the plate body is composed of a base layer formed by molding a composite blank and a surface layer coated on the outside of the base layer, a cross-shaped partition is integrally formed at the center of the plate body to divide the inner cavity of the plate body into four placement cavities, an edge plate is extended outward from the edge of the plate body, a protrusion is upwardly arranged at the bottom of the plate body, the plate body is a four-sided pyramid structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and chamfers are arranged at the four edges and corners of the plate body, and a buffer platform is arranged at the side waist of the plate body; the base layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of coffee grounds, 25-30 parts of bamboo pulp, 15-20 parts of adhesive, 12-14 parts of polylactic acid fiber, and 0.2-0.5 parts of antioxidant; the surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of chitosan, 60-75 parts of deionized water, 15-22 parts of polyurethane, and 3-6 parts of antibacterial agent.

[0007] Furthermore, the particle size of the coffee grounds is 75-85 meshes, and the water content is ≤8%.

[0008] Furthermore, the adhesive comprises 7-9 parts of starch, 8-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 0.5-0.8 parts of stabilizer by weight.

[0009] Furthermore, the starch is a mixture of one or more of cassava starch, wheat starch, corn starch and potato starch.

[0010] Furthermore, the stabilizer is composed of one or more of sodium thiocyanate, calcium thiocyanate, phenol and butanol.

[0011] The preparation process of degradable and environmentally friendly tableware comprises the following steps: S1, take bamboo pulp, coffee grounds and polylactic acid fiber of corresponding mass parts, mix them and add them into a pulper, inject clean water 8-10 times the mass of the mixture into the pulper, let it stand for 30 minutes, and then crush it at a speed of 500-600r / min for 25 minutes to obtain fiber pulp for standby use; S2, pour the fiber slurry into a mixer, adjust the stirring speed of the mixer to 150-200r / min, add the corresponding mass parts of adhesive and antioxidant, slowly heat to 55-65°C, mix and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use; S3, injecting the mixed slurry into a cold pressing mold for dehydration and preliminary molding, and then sending the preliminary molded embryo body into a hot pressing mold for hot pressing molding, the hot pressing temperature is 120-130°C, the pressure is 100-120MPa, the hot pressing time is 5-10min, and the base embryo body is obtained after cooling and demolding; S4, drying the base embryo at 50-80°C for 20-45 minutes to obtain the tableware base body; S5. Add chitosan and deionized water into a reaction kettle according to weight, mix well, heat to 60-70°C and stir at 500-600r / min for 1-1.5h, add corresponding weight parts of polyurethane and antibacterial agent, adjust the speed to 150-200r / min and stir for 30min to obtain a surface coating; S6. Apply the surface coating to the surface of the base body, place it in a constant temperature drying oven at 35-45°C and dry it for 0.5-1h to obtain the finished degradable and environmentally friendly tableware.

[0012] Furthermore, the molding thickness of the base embryo body is 0.8-2 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the coating thickness of the surface coating is 20-50 μm.

[0014] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This application uses coffee grounds as the main raw material to produce disposable biodegradable and environmentally friendly tableware products, which not only realizes waste utilization, but also produces tableware with a natural coffee color and coffee aroma, and has good antibacterial and antibacterial properties, meeting the health requirements for tableware; The present invention provides a surface layer by coating the surface of the base layer, which ensures the structural strength and further improves the waterproofness and oil resistance, and has an excellent use effect; The manufacturing cost of this application is low, and the material is easily degradable, environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and it is a green and environmentally friendly product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application; Figure 2 This is the finished product picture of the biodegradable and environmentally friendly tableware for this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application; obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0017] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "set / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances. Example

[0019] The embodiment of the present application discloses a degradable and environmentally friendly tableware, including a plate body, which is composed of a base layer formed by molding a composite blank and a surface layer coated on the outside of the base layer. A cross-shaped partition is integrally formed at the center of the plate body to divide the inner cavity of the plate body into four placement cavities. An edge plate is extended outward from the edge of the plate body, and a protrusion is upwardly arranged at the bottom of the plate body. The plate body is a four-sided pyramid structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and chamfers are arranged at the four corners of the plate body. A buffer platform is arranged at the waist of the side of the plate body. The base layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of coffee grounds, 25 parts of bamboo pulp, 17 parts of adhesive, 12.5 parts of polylactic acid fiber, and 0.5 parts of antioxidant; the surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of chitosan, 70 parts of deionized water, 15 parts of polyurethane, and 5 parts of antibacterial agent. The particle size of the coffee grounds is 80 meshes, and the water content is ≤8%. The adhesive includes 7.5 parts of potato starch, 9 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 0.5 parts of butanol in parts by weight.

[0020] The preparation process of degradable and environmentally friendly tableware comprises the following steps: S1, take bamboo pulp, coffee grounds and polylactic acid fiber of corresponding mass parts, mix them and add them into a pulper, inject clean water 8-10 times the mass of the mixture into the pulper, let it stand for 30 minutes, and then crush it at a speed of 500-600r / min for 25 minutes to obtain fiber pulp for standby use; S2, pour the fiber slurry into a mixer, adjust the stirring speed of the mixer to 150-200r / min, add the corresponding mass parts of adhesive and antioxidant, slowly heat to 65°C, mix and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use; S3, injecting the mixed slurry into a cold pressing mold for dehydration and preliminary molding, and then sending the preliminary molded embryo body into a hot pressing mold for hot pressing molding, the hot pressing temperature is 125°C, the pressure is 110MPa, the hot pressing time is 5-10min, and the base embryo body is obtained after cooling and demolding; S4, drying the base embryo at 65° C. for 30 min to obtain the tableware base body; S5. Add chitosan and deionized water into a reaction kettle according to weight parts, mix well, heat to 65°C and stir at 500-600r / min for 1h, add corresponding weight parts of polyurethane and antibacterial agent, adjust the speed to 150-200r / min and stir for 30min to obtain a surface coating; S6. Apply the surface coating to the surface of the base body, place it in a constant temperature drying oven at 40° C. and dry it for 1 hour to obtain the finished degradable and environmentally friendly tableware.

[0021] Preferably, the molding thickness of the base layer embryo is 1.2 mm, and the coating thickness of the surface coating is 30 μm. Example

[0022] The embodiment of the present application discloses a degradable and environmentally friendly tableware, including a plate body, which is composed of a base layer formed by molding a composite blank and a surface layer coated on the outside of the base layer. A cross-shaped partition is integrally formed at the center of the plate body to divide the inner cavity of the plate body into four placement cavities. An edge plate is extended outward from the edge of the plate body, and a protrusion is upwardly arranged at the bottom of the plate body. The plate body is a four-sided pyramid structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and chamfers are arranged at the four corners of the plate body. A buffer platform is arranged at the waist of the side of the plate body. The base layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of coffee grounds, 30 parts of bamboo pulp, 20 parts of adhesive, 13.5 parts of polylactic acid fiber, and 0.5 parts of antioxidant; the surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of chitosan, 65 parts of deionized water, 22 parts of polyurethane, and 6 parts of antibacterial agent. The particle size of the coffee grounds is 80 meshes, and the water content is ≤8%. The adhesive includes 9 parts of potato starch, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 0.7 parts of butanol in parts by weight.

[0023] The preparation process of degradable and environmentally friendly tableware comprises the following steps: S1, take bamboo pulp, coffee grounds and polylactic acid fiber of corresponding mass parts, mix them and add them into a pulper, inject clean water 8-10 times the mass of the mixture into the pulper, let it stand for 30 minutes, and then crush it at a speed of 500-600r / min for 25 minutes to obtain fiber pulp for standby use; S2, pour the fiber slurry into a mixer, adjust the stirring speed of the mixer to 150-200r / min, add the corresponding mass parts of adhesive and antioxidant, slowly heat to 60°C, mix and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use; S3, injecting the mixed slurry into a cold pressing mold for dehydration and preliminary molding, and then sending the preliminary molded embryo body into a hot pressing mold for hot pressing molding, the hot pressing temperature is 122° C., the pressure is 115 MPa, the hot pressing time is 5-10 min, and the base embryo body is obtained after cooling and demolding; S4, drying the base embryo at 55° C. for 45 minutes to obtain the tableware base body; S5. Add chitosan and deionized water into a reaction kettle according to weight parts, mix well, heat to 62°C and stir at 500-600r / min for 1.5h, add corresponding weight parts of polyurethane and antibacterial agent, adjust the speed to 150-200r / min and stir for 30min to obtain a surface coating; S6. Apply the surface coating to the surface of the base body, place it in a constant temperature drying oven at 40° C. and dry it for 1 hour to obtain the finished degradable and environmentally friendly tableware.

[0024] Preferably, the molding thickness of the base layer embryo is 1.8 mm, and the coating thickness of the surface coating is 40 μm.

[0025] Performance Test: The compressive resistance and load-bearing performance of the bamboo pulp molded products produced in Examples 1-2 were measured with reference to the relevant operations in GB / T36787-2018 "Pulp Molded Tableware".

[0026] The puncture resistance is measured with reference to the relevant puncture performance test section in GB / T10004-2008 "Plastic composite film, bag dry composite, extrusion composite for packaging".

[0027] Water vapor transmission rate test method: Place the cut 2cm×2cm tableware sample on the bottle mouth filled with desiccant, stick the paper plastic to the bottle mouth with sealant, and test the water vapor transmission rate per unit area of ​​the paper sample within 24 hours. Perform a 1-hour constant temperature and humidity pretreatment before each test to calculate the water vapor transmission rate (WVP).

[0028] Antibacterial test method: Cut a sample plane with a mass of 1g, add 2mL of cultured Escherichia coli solution (concentration of 1-3×106 cells / mL), sterilize at 37°C for 1h, and measure 0.1mL to determine the antibacterial activity by the live bacteria counting method.

[0029] Thickness mm Compression performance N Puncture resistance N Load-bearing performance% <![CDATA[Water vapor transmission rate g / m 2 ·24h]]> Antibacterial rate% Example 1 1.2 541 52 0.32 43 99.1 Example 2 1.8 525 57 0.41 36 98.3 It can be seen from Table 1 above that the finished tableware manufactured by the method of the present application has excellent mechanical properties, as well as good waterproof and antibacterial properties, meeting the health requirements for tableware.

[0030] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A degradable and environmentally friendly tableware, characterized in that: The invention comprises a disc body, which is composed of a base layer formed by molding a composite blank and a surface layer coated on the outside of the base layer. A cross-shaped partition is integrally formed at the center of the disc body to divide the inner cavity of the disc body into four placement cavities. An edge plate is extended outward from the edge of the disc body. A protrusion is upwardly arranged at the bottom of the disc body. The disc body is a four-sided pyramid structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. Chamfers are arranged at the four corners of the disc body. A buffer platform is arranged at the waist of the side of the disc body. The base layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of coffee grounds, 25-30 parts of bamboo pulp, 15-20 parts of adhesive, 12-14 parts of polylactic acid fiber, and 0.2-0.5 parts of antioxidant. The surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of chitosan, 60-75 parts of deionized water, 15-22 parts of polyurethane, and 3-6 parts of antibacterial agent.

2. The degradable and environmentally friendly tableware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coffee grounds have a particle size of 75-85 meshes and a water content of ≤8%.

3. The degradable and environmentally friendly tableware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive comprises 7-9 parts of starch, 8-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5-0.8 parts of stabilizer by weight.

4. The degradable and environmentally friendly tableware according to claim 3, characterized in that: The starch is a mixture of one or more of cassava starch, wheat starch, corn starch and potato starch.

5. The degradable and environmentally friendly tableware according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stabilizer is composed of one or more of sodium thiocyanate, calcium thiocyanate, phenol and butanol.

6. The process for preparing the degradable and environmentally friendly tableware according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, take bamboo pulp, coffee grounds and polylactic acid fiber of corresponding mass parts, mix them and add them into a pulper, inject clean water 8-10 times the mass of the mixture into the pulper, let it stand for 30 minutes, and then crush it at a speed of 500-600r / min for 25 minutes to obtain fiber pulp for standby use; S2, pour the fiber slurry into a mixer, adjust the stirring speed of the mixer to 150-200r / min, add the corresponding mass parts of adhesive and antioxidant, slowly heat to 55-65°C, mix and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry for standby use; S3, injecting the mixed slurry into a cold pressing mold for dehydration and preliminary molding, and then sending the preliminary molded embryo body into a hot pressing mold for hot pressing molding, the hot pressing temperature is 120-130°C, the pressure is 100-120MPa, the hot pressing time is 5-10min, and the base embryo body is obtained after cooling and demolding; S4, drying the base embryo at 50-80°C for 20-45 minutes to obtain the tableware base body; S5. Add chitosan and deionized water into a reaction kettle according to weight, mix well, heat to 60-70°C and stir at 500-600r / min for 1-1.5h, add corresponding weight parts of polyurethane and antibacterial agent, adjust the speed to 150-200r / min and stir for 30min to obtain a surface coating; S6. Apply the surface coating to the surface of the base body, place it in a constant temperature drying oven at 35-45°C and dry it for 0.5-1h to obtain the finished degradable and environmentally friendly tableware.

7. The preparation process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The forming thickness of the base embryo body is 0.8-2 mm.

8. The preparation process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coating thickness of the surface coating is 20-50 μm.

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