A highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device and its application method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of underwater dredging technology, and more particularly to a highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device and its usage method. The highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device includes a barrel-shaped cover mechanism, which comprises a cylindrical barrel-shaped cover. A water pump and an air supply pipe are located at the top of the barrel-shaped cover. A spiral lifting mechanism passes through and is fixedly installed at the center of the barrel-shaped cover. A dredging and breaking mechanism is connected to the bottom. The dredging and breaking mechanism includes an annular connection rotatably connected to the spiral lifting mechanism, an annular slide rail abutting against the inner wall of the barrel-shaped cover, and a plow-type breaker and a spiral scraper radially connected to the annular connection and the annular slide rail. This invention meets the dual requirements of environmental protection and high-efficiency operation in modern dredging engineering, avoiding pollution of surrounding water bodies by silt during operation. The plow-type breaker can be modified by changing its flat or pointed teeth to cut different soils or rocks, improving the dredging engineering's ability to handle different soil types, and has strong adaptability and broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underwater dredging technology, and in particular to a highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Dredging is an engineering activity involving the removal of silt and the repair of waterways in seabeds, harbors, and channels. It is crucial for maintaining marine water conservancy facilities, promoting marine economic development, and protecting the ecological environment. In particular, underwater dredging work directly impacts the smooth progress of projects such as port construction, channel dredging, and offshore wind farm infrastructure development. These projects typically require the efficient removal of sediments, sand, silt, and debris to ensure unobstructed navigation, stable infrastructure, and compliance with underwater ecological and environmental protection requirements. However, current underwater dredging operations face complex technical and environmental challenges.

[0003] The complexity of the underwater dredging environment is a key factor affecting the efficiency and quality of operations. Riverbeds are diverse, including gravel, silt, and muddy beds, each presenting different technical challenges in dredging projects. For example, high water content in silt and sediment can reduce the efficiency of dredging equipment. Furthermore, for riverbeds with high levels of organic pollutants, such as silt beds, dredging projects may also face ecological challenges such as water quality deterioration.

[0004] In the current fields of port expansion and deep-water channel maintenance, the demand for underwater dredging operations has become increasingly complex. Modern underwater dredging projects typically have the following characteristics: (1) High-efficiency operation requirements: Within a limited construction period, how to efficiently remove large amounts of silt and ensure construction progress becomes the key to project success; (2) Environmental protection requirements: When carrying out underwater dredging, environmental protection requirements such as preventing water pollution and avoiding silt diffusion are becoming increasingly stringent. Especially today, with increasing pressure on environmental protection, environmentally friendly dredging technology has become an indispensable choice.

[0005] However, while existing underwater dredging devices can accomplish basic dredging tasks, there is still considerable room for improvement in terms of efficiency and environmental friendliness. For example, Chinese invention patent CN118581945B designs a dredging device consisting of a dredging cylinder and a mixing device to facilitate stirring of silt and prevent clogging, but the dredged soil is still pumped out as a mud-water mixture, affecting dredging efficiency. Chinese utility model patent CN222183503U designs a silt dredging device that can scrape silt with an arc-shaped plow blade, causing the silt to move towards a grabber. While concentrating resources at the center can improve construction efficiency, this device could be further improved in terms of environmental protection during construction, and its operational efficiency could be further enhanced. Chinese invention patent CN118273411B, authorized by the patent, designs a dredging device for river management. This device can form a cover to prevent the silt layer from spreading through the coordinated operation of different mechanisms. High-pressure water jets are used to cut the silt, and the sludge is then pumped away through pipes. This invention functionally meets the requirements for environmentally friendly construction, but the cover is formed through a combination of mechanisms, and its sealing performance needs further verification. Furthermore, the operation is somewhat cumbersome.

[0006] In summary, while current market products or publicly available patents possess strong dredging capabilities, their dredging efficiency is not high. Although some equipment can limit the spread of sediment, the sealing of the working area is insufficient, which may still cause pollution to the surrounding water bodies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address at least one of the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device. Through innovative design, this device significantly improves dredging output and efficiency; particularly, it avoids pollution of surrounding water bodies by silt during operation, meeting the dual requirements of environmental protection and high-efficiency operation in modern dredging engineering, and possesses strong adaptability and broad application prospects.

[0008] This invention provides a highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device, including a barrel-shaped cover mechanism. The barrel-shaped cover mechanism includes a cylindrical barrel-shaped cover, with a water pump and an air supply pipe at the top. A spiral material lifting mechanism passes through and is fixedly installed at the center of the barrel-shaped cover, and a dredging and soil breaking mechanism is connected to the bottom. The dredging and soil breaking mechanism includes an annular connection rotatably connected to the spiral material lifting mechanism, an annular slide rail abutting against the inner wall of the barrel-shaped cover, and a plow-type soil breaking device and a spiral scraper radially connected to the annular connection and the annular slide rail.

[0009] Preferably, the top surface of the barrel-shaped cover is provided with a lifting ring, and the bottom surface of the top is provided with a camera and a drain pipe connected to a water pump. The bottom of the drain pipe is provided with a filter screen. The barrel-shaped cover is provided with a tilt correction mechanism and a positioning device. The tilt correction mechanism includes an attitude sensor located on the top of the barrel-shaped cover and a plurality of second hydraulic cylinders equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the barrel-shaped cover. The positioning device includes an RTK positioner, which is fixed to the barrel-shaped cover by an electromagnetic telescopic rod.

[0010] Preferably, the plow-type soil breaker includes a cutter shaft connecting a ring-shaped connector and a ring-shaped slide rail, and a plurality of arc-shaped cutter hubs are axially equidistantly arranged on the cutter shaft, with cutter teeth detachably provided at the lower end of the cutter hubs.

[0011] Preferably, a second motor is provided on the back of the plow-type soil breaker, the shaft of the second motor is connected to a gear, the spiral material lifting mechanism is provided with a gear ring that meshes with the gear, a third motor is provided on the annular slide rail, the shaft of the third motor is connected to a first bevel gear, and the shaft of the spiral scraper is provided with a second bevel gear that meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0012] Preferably, the dredging and soil breaking mechanism further includes an inner support frame fixed on the spiral lifting mechanism. The inner support frame has several radial rods equidistantly arranged around the perimeter, a toothed ring at the bottom, and a block-shaped joint tangent to the inner wall of the barrel-shaped cover at the end of each radial rod.

[0013] Preferably, the spiral lifting mechanism includes an internal spiral auger and an external lifting pipe. The bottom of the lifting pipe is provided with a conical protective shell, and the lower side wall is provided with a soil inlet corresponding to the spiral scraper. The conical protective shell is provided with a first motor that drives the spiral auger to rotate. The conical protective shell includes a conical shell with the tip pointing downwards. The first motor is provided inside the conical shell, and multiple vertical connecting rods connected to the lifting pipe are provided at equal intervals around the upper end face.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting pipe includes an upper pipe fixed at the center of the barrel-shaped cover and a lower pipe slidably sleeved below the upper pipe. The lower pipe is provided with an inner support frame. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the inner support frame, and the other end is connected to the top of the barrel-shaped cover. The top center of the barrel-shaped cover is provided with a downwardly extending annular interface. The upper pipe includes an outer pipe fixed to the upper end face of the annular interface, an inner pipe fixed to the lower end face of the annular interface, and a sliding pipe fixed to the lower end face of the inner pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the auger includes an auger shaft and auger blades. The auger shaft is a hollow structure containing a water pipe. Several nozzles connected to the water pipe are axially equidistantly arranged. Several elongated protrusions are radially arranged on the auger blades, and a baffle flange is provided on the side wall.

[0016] Preferably, the lifting tube is provided with a fixing frame, the fixing frame includes a bushing welded to the auger shaft, the bushing has multiple crossbars equidistantly arranged on its side wall and tangent to the inner wall of the lifting tube, and the auger is axially connected with multiple crossbars, all of which are welded with fixing frames.

[0017] This invention provides a method for using a highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step S100: Connect the barrel cover mechanism, spiral lifting mechanism, dredging and soil breaking mechanism, tilt correction mechanism and positioning device of the underwater dry dredging device to the controller. After the dredger travels to the area to be dredged, the underwater dry dredging device is hoisted and lowered into the mud bed to be dredged. The penetration process is monitored by the camera on the top of the barrel cover.

[0019] Step S200: When the underwater dry dredging device can penetrate into the mud bed to the predetermined depth by its own weight, the device is leveled by tilt correction mechanism after it is stabilized.

[0020] Step S300: When the underwater dry dredging device cannot penetrate the mud bed to the predetermined depth by its own weight, water is pumped out by a water pump, so that the barrel cover continues to penetrate into the mud bed under the action of negative pressure vacuum. During the penetration process, the tilting correction mechanism is used for leveling. After the dredging and soil breaking mechanism reaches the predetermined depth, the pumping ends.

[0021] Step S400: Turn on the water pump to pump water and create a waterless environment inside the barrel-shaped hood. Simultaneously supply air into the barrel-shaped hood through the air supply pipe to prevent negative pressure from forming inside the barrel-shaped hood. After the water pumping is completed, stop the water pumping and air supply.

[0022] Step S500: Turn on the first motor, the second motor and the third motor. The second motor drives the plow-type soil breaker and the spiral scraper to revolve around the earth, and the third motor drives the spiral scraper to rotate on its own axis. While breaking the soil, the spiral scraper delivers soil to the inlet of the spiral lifting mechanism. The spiral lifting mechanism then transports the soil upward to the target position.

[0023] Step S600: When encountering a hard obstacle during the soil breaking process, control the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder inside the barrel cover to retract, lift the dredging and soil breaking mechanism, and lower the dredging and soil breaking mechanism after passing the obstacle.

[0024] Step S600: After the dredging and breaking mechanism has completed the dredging of the soil to the specified depth, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder inside the barrel cover is extended, so that the lower pipe of the spiral lifting mechanism and the dredging and breaking mechanism move down, so that the dredging and breaking mechanism sinks into the mud again to carry out deeper dredging operations.

[0025] Step S700: After one operation is completed, turn off the first motor, the second motor and the third motor, fill the barrel-shaped cover with water by pumping water, and simultaneously open the air supply pipe to exhaust the air. After the barrel-shaped cover is filled with water, control the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder to extend and pull the barrel-shaped cover upward out of the mud bed. Then, it is hoisted and moved to a different dredging area to continue construction.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention adopts a closed barrel-shaped working space. The circular barrel-shaped cover can be pressed into the seabed to ensure the airtightness of the working space, effectively prevent the spread of sediment, and reduce the disturbance to the water body around the barrel-shaped cover.

[0028] 2. The barrel-shaped hood connects the water pump and the air supply pipe, which can introduce air while pumping water. This ensures that the drainage inside the barrel-shaped hood is not affected by the vacuum inside the hood, thereby reducing the moisture content of the dredged soil, thus reducing the energy consumption of soil transportation and increasing the output of dredged soil in a single operation.

[0029] 3. The dredging and soil breaking mechanism includes a plow-type soil breaker and a spiral scraper. The plow-type soil breaker and the spiral scraper rotate together with the ring connection and the ring slide rail. The plow-type soil breaker first breaks the soil, and the spiral scraper can transport the soil to the soil inlet of the spiral lifting mechanism while realizing the soil breaking function, thus improving the work efficiency.

[0030] 4. A tilt correction mechanism is installed on the barrel-shaped cover for leveling the barrel-shaped cover. When the barrel-shaped cover tilts during the process of pressing into the seabed, the attitude sensor transmits the signal to the controller. The controller controls the extension and retraction of the second hydraulic cylinder to restore the sunken end to the horizontal. By leveling the barrel-shaped cover in a timely manner, the safe and stable operation of dredging can be guaranteed.

[0031] 5. The ring-shaped connection, ring-shaped slide rail, plow-type soil breaker and spiral scraper are driven to rotate around the spiral lifting mechanism by the meshing transmission structure of the second motor with gear and gear ring, which is compact in structure;

[0032] 6. The inner support frame of the dredging and soil breaking mechanism is fixed on the screw lifting mechanism. Several radial rods are set on the inner support frame. The block joints at the ends of the radial rods slide against the inner wall of the barrel-shaped cover, which can center and limit the screw lifting mechanism and improve the stability of the screw lifting mechanism.

[0033] 7. The spiral lifting mechanism includes a vertical spiral auger and a lifting pipe. The spiral auger rotates to transport the soil upward. The lifting pipe of the spiral lifting mechanism is divided into an upper pipe and a lower pipe. The lower pipe is slidably sleeved below the upper pipe. When the first hydraulic cylinder drives the inner support frame to rise and fall, the lower pipe connected to the inner support frame rises and falls accordingly. This can not only realize the extension and retraction of the lifting pipe to a specified height, but also ensure the continuity of the soil breaking and conveying process. This extension and retraction function can be used in conjunction with the dredging and soil breaking mechanism to complete dredging operations at different depths, and can also bypass hard obstacles that suddenly appear on the seabed, ensuring the safe operation of the equipment and smooth construction.

[0034] 8. The upper tube of the screw conveyor mechanism is a split design, including an outer tube set on the upper end face of the annular interface of the barrel cover, an inner tube fixed on the lower end face of the annular interface, and a sliding tube fixed on the lower end face of the inner tube. This split design facilitates maintenance and allows for individual replacement of any one of the outer tube, inner tube, and sliding tube when damaged, without the need to replace the entire upper tube. At the same time, the split design also facilitates the disassembly, transportation, and assembly of the equipment.

[0035] 9. The spiral blades of the auger are equipped with elongated protrusions and material-blocking flanges. The elongated protrusions can increase friction and improve the soil conveying capacity. The material-blocking flanges can prevent soil from falling out of the gap between the spiral blades and the lifting pipe under the action of centrifugal force, thus improving the conveying efficiency. The auger shaft contains a water pipe, which can spray water through the nozzles on the auger shaft to prevent soil accumulation and improve the ability to convey soil of different types.

[0036] 10. A fixing frame is installed inside the lifting pipe. The fixing frame can center and limit the auger shaft, thereby improving the rotational stability of the auger.

[0037] 11. The blade hub and blade teeth of the plow-type soil breaker are designed to be detachable. By replacing the flat teeth and pointed teeth, it can cut different soils or rocks, greatly improving the ability of dredging projects to cope with different soil types.

[0038] In summary, this invention, through innovative design, significantly improves dredging output and efficiency. During operation, it avoids pollution of surrounding water bodies by silt and prevents the discharge of mud and water, meeting the dual requirements of modern dredging engineering for environmental protection and efficient operation. Furthermore, the plow-type soil breaker can be modified by changing the flat or pointed teeth to cut different soils or rocks, greatly improving the ability of dredging projects to cope with different soil types, and has strong adaptability and broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the barrel-shaped cover mechanism;

[0042] Figure 4 An exploded view of the screw conveyor mechanism;

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the dredging and earth-breaking mechanism;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the plow-type soil breaker and the second motor in Example 1;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the plow-type soil breaker in Example 2.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0047] 1. Barrel-shaped cover mechanism; 11. Barrel-shaped cover; 111. Annular interface; 12. Water pump; 13. Air supply pipe; 14. Lifting ring; 15. Camera; 16. Drainage pipe; 161. Filter screen; 2. Spiral lifting mechanism; 21. Spiral auger; 211. Auger shaft; 212. Spiral blade; 213. Nozzle; 214. Long strip protrusion; 215. Material blocking flange; 22. Lifting pipe; 221. Upper pipe; 2211. Outer pipe; 2212. Inner pipe; 2213. Sliding pipe; 222. Lower pipe; 2221. Soil inlet; 23. First motor; 24. Conical protective shell; 241. Conical shell; 242. Vertical connecting rod; 25. Fixing frame; 251. Shaft 252. Crossbar; 3. Dredging and breaking mechanism; 31. Ring connection; 32. Ring slide rail; 33. Plow-type soil breaker; 331. Cutter shaft; 332. Cutter hub; 333. Cutter teeth; 34. Spiral scraper; 35. Inner support frame; 351. Radial rod; 352. Block joint; 353. Circular ring structure; 354. Connecting rod; 36. First hydraulic cylinder; 37. Second motor; 371. Gear; 372. Gear ring; 38. Third motor; 381. First bevel gear; 382. Second bevel gear; 4. Tilt correction mechanism; 41. Attitude sensor; 42. Second hydraulic cylinder; 5. Positioning device; 51. RTK positioner; 52. Electromagnetic telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0049] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0050] Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Combined with appendix Figure 1-6 This embodiment provides a highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device, including a barrel-shaped cover mechanism 1. The barrel-shaped cover mechanism 1 includes a cylindrical barrel-shaped cover 11. The top of the barrel-shaped cover 11 is provided with a water pump 12 and an air supply pipe 13. A spiral material lifting mechanism 2 passes through and is fixedly installed at the center of the barrel-shaped cover 11. The bottom is connected to a dredging and soil breaking mechanism 3. The dredging and soil breaking mechanism 3 includes an annular connection 31 rotatably connected to the spiral material lifting mechanism 2, an annular slide rail 32 abutting against the inner wall of the barrel-shaped cover 11, and a plow-type soil breaking device 33 and a spiral scraper 34 radially connected to the annular connection 31 and the annular slide rail 32.

[0053] In the above technical solution, the barrel-shaped cover mechanism 1 can form a closed barrel-shaped working space. Pressing the barrel-shaped cover 11 into the seabed, the seabed and the bottom-opening barrel-shaped cover 11 together form a closed working space, effectively preventing sediment diffusion and reducing disturbance to the water surrounding the barrel-shaped cover 11 during dredging operations. The water pump 12 is used to drain the water inside the barrel-shaped cover 11, creating a dry environment. The air supply pipe 13 is used to inject or extract air into the barrel-shaped cover 11 to regulate the internal pressure. In this embodiment, the air supply pipe 13... A valve is installed, which opens and closes under control to open or close the gas supply pipeline. Alternatively, a valve can be installed at the gas source supplying gas to the gas supply pipeline 13. The screw conveyor mechanism 2, i.e., the screw feeder in the prior art, is used to transport the soil inside the barrel-shaped cover mechanism 1 from the bottom of the barrel-shaped cover 11 upwards to the soil collection point. The dredging and soil-breaking mechanism 3 includes a plow-type soil-breaking device 33 and a spiral scraper 34. The plow-type soil-breaking device 33 is a traditional soil-breaking tool, evolved from the plow and harrow used for plowing in ancient times. It can quickly break up the soil and comes in various forms. Any suitable commercially available product is applicable to this invention. The spiral scraper 34 is a commonly used accessory in the prior art, consisting of a spiral blade and a rotating shaft that fixes the spiral blade, and will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, a radial connecting rod is also provided between the annular connection 31 and the annular slide rail 32. The plow-type soil breaker 33, the spiral scraper 34, and the radial connecting rod are arranged equidistantly around the circumference of the annular connection 31 (i.e., forming a 120° angle between each pair), which improves the connection stability between the annular connection 31 and the annular slide rail 32. Of course, Alternatively, the radial connecting rod can be omitted, and the plow-type soil breaker 33 and the spiral scraper 34 can be arranged equidistantly around the circumference, so that the two form a straight line in the radial direction. In use, the plow-type soil breaker 33 and the spiral scraper 34 rotate together with the annular connection 31 and the annular slide rail 32. The plow-type soil breaker 33 first breaks the soil, and the spiral scraper 34 further scrapes the mud. The radial transportation of the soil is completed by its own rotation. While realizing the soil breaking function, the soil can be conveyed towards the spiral lifting mechanism 2 to realize soil accumulation and improve the operation efficiency.

[0054] In one specific technical solution, the top upper surface of the barrel-shaped cover 11 is provided with a lifting ring 14, the bottom upper surface is provided with a camera 15 and a drain pipe 16 connected to the water pump 12, and the bottom of the drain pipe 16 is provided with a filter screen 161.

[0055] In the above technical solution, the drain pipe 16 discharges the water inside the barrel-shaped cover 11 through the water pump 12, and the filter screen 161 is used to filter mud and sand.

[0056] In one specific technical solution, the barrel-shaped cover 11 is provided with a tilt correction mechanism 4 and a positioning device 5. The tilt correction mechanism 4 includes an attitude sensor 41 located on the top of the barrel-shaped cover 11 and a plurality of second hydraulic cylinders 42 circumferentially and equidistantly located on the side wall of the barrel-shaped cover 11. The positioning device 5 includes an RTK positioner 51, which is fixed to the barrel-shaped cover 11 by an electromagnetic telescopic rod 52.

[0057] In the above technical solution, the tilt correction mechanism 4 is used to level the tilt of the barrel cover 11. When the barrel cover 11 tilts during the process of pressing into the seabed, the attitude sensor 41 transmits a signal to the controller. The controller controls the extension and retraction of the second hydraulic cylinder 42 to restore the sunken end to the horizontal. For example, if one side of the barrel cover 11 tilts and sinks, leveling can be achieved by controlling the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 42 on that side to extend. By leveling the barrel cover 11 in a timely manner, the safe and stable operation of the dredging operation can be guaranteed. The positioning device 5 is used to track the construction and lowering position of the dredging device. The signal strength of the RTK positioner 51 is adjusted by controlling the extension and retraction of the electromagnetic telescopic rod 52.

[0058] In one specific technical solution, the plow-type soil breaker 33 is provided with a second motor 37 on its back, the shaft of the second motor 37 is connected to a gear 371, the spiral lifting mechanism 2 is provided with a gear ring 372 that meshes with the gear 371, the annular slide rail 32 is provided with a third motor 38, the shaft of the third motor 38 is connected to a first bevel gear 381, and the shaft of the spiral scraper 34 is provided with a second bevel gear 382 that meshes with the first bevel gear 381.

[0059] In the above technical solution, the second motor 37, in conjunction with the meshing transmission structure of gear 371 and gear ring 372, drives the annular connection 31, annular slide rail 32, plow-type soil breaker 33 and spiral scraper 34 to rotate around the spiral lifting mechanism 2, resulting in a compact structure; the shaft of the third motor 38 drives the shaft of the spiral scraper 34 to rotate through the gear meshing transmission structure, and the spiral scraper 34 rotates around its own shaft.

[0060] In one specific technical solution, the dredging and soil breaking mechanism 3 further includes an inner support frame 35 fixed on the spiral lifting mechanism 2. The inner support frame 35 is provided with a plurality of radial rods 351 equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction, and a toothed ring 372 is provided at the bottom. The ends of the radial rods 351 are provided with block joints 352 that are tangent to the inner wall of the barrel-shaped cover 11.

[0061] In the above technical solution, the inner support frame 35 is preferably fixed to the screw lifting mechanism 2 by welding. Several radial rods 351 are provided on the inner support frame 35. The block joints 352 at the ends of the radial rods 351 slide against the inner wall of the barrel cover 11. The above structure can center and limit the screw lifting mechanism 2, thereby improving the stability of the screw lifting mechanism 2. The inner support frame 35 can adopt any suitable frame structure. In this embodiment, the inner support frame 35 includes a ring structure 353 welded to the screw lifting mechanism 2. Four radial rods 351 are equidistantly arranged on the outer circumference of the ring structure 353. A connecting rod 354 is provided between two adjacent radial rods 351. The four connecting rods 354 form a square frame structure. The inner support frame 35 with the above structure has a simple structure and high support strength.

[0062] In one specific technical solution, the spiral lifting mechanism 2 includes an internal spiral auger 21 and an external lifting pipe 22. The bottom of the lifting pipe 22 is provided with a conical protective shell 24, and the lower side wall is provided with a soil inlet 2221 corresponding to the spiral scraper 34. The conical protective shell 24 is provided with a first motor 23 that drives the spiral auger 21 to rotate. The conical protective shell 24 includes a conical shell 241 with the tip pointing downward. The conical shell 241 is provided with the first motor 23 inside, and a plurality of vertical connecting rods 242 connected to the lifting pipe 22 are equidistantly arranged on the upper end face.

[0063] In the above technical solution, the first motor 23 is preferably connected to the auger shaft 211 of the spiral auger 21 by a coupling or other connecting parts. When the soil conveyed by the spiral scraper 34 enters the soil inlet 2221, the first motor 23 drives the spiral auger 21 to rotate, thereby realizing the upward conveying of the soil.

[0064] In one specific technical solution, the lifting pipe 22 includes an upper pipe 221 fixed at the center of the barrel-shaped cover 11 and a lower pipe 222 slidably sleeved below the upper pipe 221. The lower pipe 222 is provided with an inner support frame 35. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 36 is connected to the inner support frame 35, and the other end is connected to the top of the barrel-shaped cover 11. The top center of the barrel-shaped cover 11 is provided with a downwardly extending annular interface 111. The upper pipe 221 includes an outer pipe 2211 fixed at the upper end face of the annular interface 111, an inner pipe 2212 fixed at the lower end face of the annular interface 111, and a sliding pipe 2213 fixed at the lower end face of the inner pipe 2212.

[0065] In the above technical solution, the lower pipe 222 of the lifting pipe 22 is slidably sleeved below the upper pipe 221. When the first hydraulic cylinder 36 drives the inner support frame 35 to rise and fall, the lower pipe 222 connected to the inner support frame 35 rises and falls accordingly, enabling the lifting pipe 22 to extend and retract to a specified height. This extension and retraction function can cooperate with the dredging and breaking mechanism 3 to complete dredging operations at different depths, and can also bypass hard obstacles that suddenly appear on the seabed, ensuring the safe operation of the equipment and smooth construction. The upper pipe 221 is not a one-piece structure, but includes a set of... The barrel-shaped cover 11 has an outer tube 2211 on the upper end face of the annular interface 111, an inner tube 2212 fixed on the lower end face of the annular interface, and a sliding tube 2213 fixed on the lower end face of the inner tube 2212. The sliding tube 2213 is slidably engaged with the lower tube 222. This split design facilitates maintenance and allows for individual replacement of any one of the outer tube 2211, inner tube 2212, and sliding tube 2213 when any one of them is damaged, without having to replace the entire upper tube 221. At the same time, the split design also facilitates the disassembly, transportation, and assembly of the equipment.

[0066] In one specific technical solution, the spiral auger 21 includes an auger shaft 211 and spiral blades 212. The auger shaft 211 is a hollow structure containing a water pipe (not shown in the figure). Several nozzles 213 connected to the water pipe are axially equidistantly arranged. Several elongated protrusions 214 are radially arranged on the spiral blades 212, and a baffle flange 215 is provided on the side wall.

[0067] In the above technical solution, the auger shaft 211 has a hollow structure inside and contains a water pipe. Water can be sprayed through the nozzle 213 on the auger shaft 211 to prevent soil accumulation. The long protrusion 214 on the spiral blade 212 can increase the friction of the soil and facilitate transportation. The retaining flange 215 can prevent the soil from falling out of the gap between the spiral blade 212 and the lifting pipe 22 under the action of centrifugal force.

[0068] In one specific technical solution, the lifting tube 22 is provided with a fixing frame 25. The fixing frame 25 includes a bushing 251 welded to the auger shaft 211. The bushing 251 has multiple crossbars 252 equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the bushing 251 and tangent to the inner wall of the lifting tube 22. The spiral auger 21 is axially connected with multiple rods, and the fixing frame 25 is welded at the connection point.

[0069] In the above technical solution, the fixing frame 25 can center and limit the auger shaft 211, improving the rotational stability of the auger 21. The crossbar 252 is tangent to the inner wall of the lifting pipe 22, so the crossbar 252 can rotate along the inner wall of the lifting pipe 22 or slide vertically along the inner wall of the lifting pipe 22. Multiple augers 21 can be axially connected according to the conveying stroke, which is convenient for installation and maintenance. Welding the fixing frame 25 at the connection point can improve both the connection stability and the conveying stability. In this embodiment, two augers 21 are axially connected, and the fixing frame 25 welded to the auger shaft 211 of the two augers 21 is located in the inner tube 2212.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] Combined with appendix Figure 7 This embodiment provides a highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device, which optimizes the structure of the plow-type soil breaker 33 in Embodiment 1. The specific technical solution is as follows.

[0072] The plow-type soil breaker 33 includes a cutter shaft 331 connecting an annular connector 31 and an annular slide rail 32. Several arc-shaped cutter hubs 332 are axially equidistantly arranged on the cutter shaft 331, and cutter teeth 333 are detachably provided at the lower end of the cutter hubs 332.

[0073] In this embodiment, the plow-type soil breaker 33 is a modular design, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the blade hub 332 has an arc surface that slopes downwards on the side facing the excavation, forming a structure similar to an iron shovel. The blade teeth 333 are located at the lower end of the blade hub 332, that is, at the free end below the arc surface, which makes it easy to insert into the soil. The blade hub 332 and the blade teeth 333 are detachably connected. The blade teeth 333 can be replaced according to the soil conditions to meet the construction requirements under different soil conditions. For example, flat teeth can dig clay and sand, while pointed teeth can dig clay of considerable strength or some severely eroded rock.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] This embodiment provides a method for using a highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device, including the following steps:

[0076] Step S100: Connect the barrel cover mechanism 1, spiral lifting mechanism 2, dredging and breaking mechanism 3, tilt correction mechanism 4, and positioning device 5 of the underwater dry dredging device to the controller. After the dredger travels to the area to be dredged, the underwater dry dredging device is hoisted and lowered into the mud bed to be dredged. The penetration process is monitored by the camera 15 on the top of the barrel cover 11. Connecting the barrel cover mechanism 1, spiral lifting mechanism 2, dredging and breaking mechanism 3, tilt correction mechanism 4, and positioning device 5 to the controller means that the electrical drive components on the barrel cover mechanism 1, spiral lifting mechanism 2, dredging and breaking mechanism 3, tilt correction mechanism 4, and positioning device 5 are connected to the controller. For example, the water pump 12, air pipe 13, first motor 23, second motor 37, third motor 38, first hydraulic cylinder 36, second hydraulic cylinder 42, RTK positioner 51, electromagnetic telescopic rod 52, etc. This is common knowledge and will not be elaborated further.

[0077] Step S200: When the underwater dry dredging device can penetrate into the mud bed to the predetermined depth by its own weight, the device is leveled by tilt correction mechanism 4 after it is stabilized.

[0078] Step S300: When the underwater dry dredging device cannot penetrate the mud bed to the predetermined depth by its own weight, water is pumped by the water pump 12, so that the barrel cover 11 continues to penetrate into the mud bed under the action of negative pressure vacuum. During the penetration process, the tilting correction mechanism 4 is used for leveling. After the dredging and soil breaking mechanism 3 reaches the predetermined depth, the pumping ends.

[0079] Step S400: Turn on the water pump 12 to pump water and create a waterless environment inside the barrel-shaped cover 11. Simultaneously supply air into the barrel-shaped cover 11 through the air supply pipe 13 to prevent negative pressure from forming inside the barrel-shaped cover 11. After the water pumping is completed, stop the water pumping and air supply.

[0080] Step S500: Start the first motor 23, the second motor 37 and the third motor 38. The second motor 37 drives the plow-type soil breaker 33 and the spiral scraper 34 to revolve, and the third motor 38 drives the spiral scraper 34 to rotate. While breaking the soil, the spiral scraper 34 conveys soil to the soil inlet 2221 of the spiral lifting mechanism 2. The spiral lifting mechanism 2 transports the soil upward to the target position.

[0081] Step S600: When encountering a hard obstacle during the soil breaking process, control the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 36 inside the barrel cover 11 to retract, lift the dredging and soil breaking mechanism 3, and lower the dredging and soil breaking mechanism 3 after passing the obstacle.

[0082] Step S600: After the dredging and breaking mechanism 3 has completed the dredging of the soil to the specified depth, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 36 inside the barrel cover 11 is extended, so that the lower pipe 222 of the spiral lifting mechanism 2 and the dredging and breaking mechanism 3 move down, so that the dredging and breaking mechanism sinks into the mud again to carry out a deeper dredging operation.

[0083] Step S700: After one operation is completed, turn off the first motor 23, the second motor 37 and the third motor 38, and inject water into the barrel-shaped cover 11 through the water pump 12, and simultaneously open the air supply pipe 13 to exhaust the air. After the barrel-shaped cover 11 is filled with water, control the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 42 to extend and pull the barrel-shaped cover 11 upward out of the mud bed. Then, it is hoisted and moved to a different dredging area to continue construction.

[0084] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device, characterized in that, The device includes a barrel-shaped cover mechanism (1), which includes a cylindrical barrel-shaped cover (11). The top of the barrel-shaped cover (11) is equipped with a water pump (12) and an air supply pipe (13). A spiral lifting mechanism (2) is installed through and fixed at the center of the barrel-shaped cover (11). The bottom is connected to a dredging and breaking mechanism (3). The dredging and breaking mechanism (3) includes an annular connection (31) rotatably connected to the spiral lifting mechanism (2), an annular slide rail (32) abutting against the inner wall of the barrel-shaped cover (11), a plow-type soil breaker (33) and a spiral scraper (34) radially connected to the annular connection (31) and the annular slide rail (32).

2. The efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the barrel-shaped cover (11) is provided with a lifting ring (14), and the bottom surface of the top is provided with a camera (15) and a drain pipe (16) connected to a water pump (12). The bottom of the drain pipe (16) is provided with a filter screen (161). The barrel-shaped cover (11) is provided with a tilt correction mechanism (4) and a positioning device (5). The tilt correction mechanism (4) includes an attitude sensor (41) located on the top of the barrel-shaped cover (11) and a plurality of second hydraulic cylinders (42) circumferentially spaced on the side wall of the barrel-shaped cover (11). The positioning device (5) includes an RTK locator (51). The RTK locator (51) is fixed to the barrel-shaped cover (11) by an electromagnetic telescopic rod (52).

3. The efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plow-type soil breaker (33) includes a cutter shaft (331) connecting a ring-shaped connector (31) and a ring-shaped slide rail (32). Several arc-shaped cutter hubs (332) are axially equidistantly arranged on the cutter shaft (331), and cutter teeth (333) are detachably provided at the lower end of the cutter hubs (332).

4. The efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plow-type soil breaker (33) is equipped with a second motor (37) on its back. The shaft of the second motor (37) is connected to a gear (371). The spiral lifting mechanism (2) is equipped with a gear ring (372) that meshes with the gear (371). The annular slide rail (32) is equipped with a third motor (38). The shaft of the third motor (38) is connected to a first bevel gear (381). The shaft of the spiral scraper (34) is equipped with a second bevel gear (382) that meshes with the first bevel gear (381).

5. The efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dredging and soil breaking mechanism (3) also includes an inner support frame (35) fixed on the spiral lifting mechanism (2). The inner support frame (35) has several radial rods (351) equidistantly arranged around the perimeter, and a toothed ring (372) at the bottom. The ends of the radial rods (351) are provided with block joints (352) tangent to the inner wall of the barrel cover (11).

6. The efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spiral lifting mechanism (2) includes an internal spiral auger (21) and an external lifting pipe (22). The bottom of the lifting pipe (22) is provided with a conical protective shell (24), and the lower side wall is provided with a soil inlet (2221) corresponding to the spiral scraper (34). The conical protective shell (24) is provided with a first motor (23) that drives the spiral auger (21) to rotate. The conical protective shell (24) includes a conical shell (241) with the tip pointing downward. The conical shell (241) is provided with a first motor (23) inside, and multiple vertical connecting rods (242) connected to the lifting pipe (22) are provided at equal intervals around the upper end face.

7. The efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting pipe (22) includes an upper pipe (221) fixed at the center of the barrel cover (11) and a lower pipe (222) slidably sleeved below the upper pipe (221). The lower pipe (222) is provided with an inner support frame (35). One end of the first hydraulic cylinder (36) is connected to the inner support frame (35), and the other end is connected to the top of the barrel cover (11). The top center of the barrel cover (11) is provided with a downwardly extending annular interface (111). The upper pipe (221) includes an outer pipe (2211) fixed at the upper end face of the annular interface (111), an inner pipe (2212) fixed at the lower end face of the annular interface (111), and a sliding pipe (2213) fixed at the lower end face of the inner pipe (2212).

8. The efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The spiral auger (21) includes an auger shaft (211) and spiral blades (212). The auger shaft (211) is a hollow structure containing a water pipe. Several nozzles (213) connected to the water pipe are axially equidistantly arranged. Several long protrusions (214) are radially arranged on the spiral blades (212), and a baffle flange (215) is provided on the side wall.

9. The efficient and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lifting tube (22) is provided with a fixing frame (25). The fixing frame (25) includes a bushing (251) welded to the auger shaft (211). The bushing (251) has multiple crossbars (252) equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the bushing (251) and tangent to the inner wall of the lifting tube (22). The spiral auger (21) is axially connected with multiple of these, and the fixing frames (25) are welded at the joints.

10. The method of using a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly underwater dry dredging device according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S100: Connect the barrel cover mechanism (1), spiral lifting mechanism (2), dredging and soil breaking mechanism (3), tilt correction mechanism (4) and positioning device (5) of the underwater dry dredging device to the controller. After the dredger travels to the area to be dredged, the underwater dry dredging device is hoisted and lowered into the mud bed to be dredged. The penetration process is monitored by the camera (15) on the top of the barrel cover (11). Step S200: When the underwater dry dredging device can penetrate the mud bed to the predetermined depth by its own weight, the device is leveled by tilt correction mechanism (4) after it is stable. Step S300: When the underwater dry dredging device cannot penetrate the mud bed to the predetermined depth by its own weight, water is pumped by the water pump (12) so that the barrel cover (11) continues to penetrate into the mud bed under the action of negative pressure vacuum. During the penetration process, the tilt correction mechanism (4) is used to level the mud bed. After the dredging and soil breaking mechanism (3) reaches the predetermined depth, the pumping is stopped. Step S400: Turn on the water pump (12) to pump water and create a waterless environment inside the barrel-shaped cover (11). Simultaneously supply air into the barrel-shaped cover (11) through the air supply pipe (13) to prevent negative pressure from forming inside the barrel-shaped cover (11). After the water pumping is completed, stop the water pumping and air supply. Step S500: Turn on the first motor (23), the second motor (37) and the third motor (38). The second motor (37) drives the plow-type soil breaker (33) and the spiral scraper (34) to revolve. The third motor (38) drives the spiral scraper (34) to rotate. While breaking the soil, the spiral scraper (34) conveys soil to the soil inlet (2221) of the spiral lifting mechanism (2). The spiral lifting mechanism (2) transports the soil upward to the target position. Step S600: When encountering a hard obstacle during the soil breaking process, control the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (36) inside the barrel cover (11) to retract, lift the dredging and soil breaking mechanism (3) up, and lower the dredging and soil breaking mechanism (3) after passing the obstacle. Step S600: After the dredging and breaking mechanism (3) has completed the dredging of the soil to the specified depth, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (36) inside the barrel cover (11) is extended, so that the lower pipe (222) of the spiral lifting mechanism (2) and the dredging and breaking mechanism (3) move down, so that the dredging and breaking mechanism sinks into the mud again to carry out a deeper dredging operation. Step S700: After one operation is completed, turn off the first motor (23), the second motor (37) and the third motor (38), inject water into the barrel cover (11) through the water pump (12), and simultaneously open the air supply pipe (13) to exhaust the air. After the barrel cover (11) is filled with water, control the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (42) to extend and pull the barrel cover (11) upward out of the mud bed. Then, after hoisting and relocation, change the dredging area and continue construction.

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