A passive vibration reduction device and method for glass curtain wall with phased variable stiffness

Abstract

A passive vibration reduction device and method with phased variable stiffness for glass curtain walls belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction devices. The device includes: a fixed block, two elastic plates arranged relative to each other in an "eight"-shaped structure, and a damper. The present invention greatly reduces the impact of wind loads on the main structure while avoiding damage to the curtain wall itself under the action of an earthquake, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel and reducing economic losses. The method includes a method for vibration reduction under normal wind load conditions and a method for vibration reduction under wind disasters or earthquake conditions. The device can adaptively adjust the stiffness of the elastic plate according to the displacement caused by the wind load, further control the displacement of the curtain wall, and achieve a dual guarantee of living comfort and safety of the building. In addition, the device is easy to install, has a low cost, and the various components are easy to replace, which greatly extends the service life of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction devices, and in particular relates to a passive vibration reduction device and method with phased stiffness variation for glass curtain walls. Background Art

[0002] An important function of glass curtain walls is external protection. As a typical brittle material, the tensile strength of glass is highly discrete and is mainly affected by its surface conditions. For example, the presence of bubbles or scratches will make the glass more susceptible to environmental erosion and accelerate aging.

[0003] The envelope structures of high-rise buildings, especially glass curtain walls, are often more susceptible to damage and falling off under the influence of typhoons.

[0004] Wind-induced damage to glass curtain walls in high-rise buildings is caused not only by insufficient glass strength, resulting in stress and deformation exceeding the bearing capacity of the glass material under wind loads, but also by insufficient rigidity and high flexibility of the building's main structure. During typhoons, inter-layer displacement is excessive, exceeding the deformation capacity of the glass within the plane, and the main structure or supporting structure deforms too much for the glass panels to withstand. Traditional curtain wall protection technologies employ laminated glass, which boasts superior bearing capacity, rigidity, and redundancy. This is achieved by sandwiching polyvinyl butyral film between two layers of glass. The glass is tempered, semi-tempered, annealed, wired, and coated to enhance its strength and safety. Furthermore, during design, the various connection locations of the relevant structures, namely the glass curtain wall, are rationally calculated according to regulations. The connection blocks connecting the main structure to the supporting skeleton require an elastic structure to ensure a certain relative displacement and expansion between the glass curtain wall and the main structure to cushion the impact of earthquakes and wind vibrations. In addition, some researchers have proposed installing tuned mass dampers in buildings. Since tuned mass dampers are relatively mature, have obvious shock absorption effects, and are simple to construct and operate, most high-rise buildings constructed in areas prone to earthquakes and strong wind vibrations use tuned mass damper vibration reduction technology to reduce structural vibration and indirectly protect the enclosing curtain wall structure.

[0005] In summary, the existing technology has the following defects:

[0006] 1. The design of laminated glass is still imperfect. At present, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted extensive research on the out-of-plane and in-plane stress performance of laminated glass components and established a complete theoretical framework. However, there are still problems such as the glass strength value, the initial defect amplitude of the component, and the in-plane shear design method of the component that need further research.

[0007] 2. The existing design requires that the connecting blocks connecting the main structure and the supporting frame must adopt an elastic structure. Under the wind load conditions of daily use, they often do not produce displacement or expansion and expansion, and have no shock absorption function. At the same time, the supervision specifications are not very complete. In order to save costs during construction, the connecting blocks use fixed connections. This has no earthquake resistance or deformation resistance in the event of strong winds or earthquakes.

[0008] 3. Typical connection methods in glass structures generally include mechanical connection, structural adhesive connection and hybrid connection. However, the construction process of these three connection methods is complex or not yet fully developed, and they all have certain shortcomings, which reduce their bearing capacity and reliability.

[0009] 4. The design purpose of the building tuned mass damper is to ensure the safety of the main structure, but it cannot effectively protect non-structural components such as curtain walls, which in turn causes large economic losses and interruption of building functions. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the problems 1-4 of the prior art, the present invention proposes a passive vibration reduction device and method for glass curtain walls with phased variable stiffness. Initially, the device has zero or near-zero stiffness, exhibits high sensitivity, and easily undergoes small displacements to drive dampers for energy-consuming vibration reduction, fully meeting the vibration reduction and resistance requirements under normal wind loads. When severe wind or earthquake disasters occur, the device's increased stiffness cooperates with the dampers to reduce the displacement of the glass curtain wall, maintaining the building's comfort and curtain wall safety. Simultaneously, the device protects the curtain wall, a non-structural component, while also reducing the wind-induced vibration response of the main structure through energy consumption. The present invention can be used in conjunction with tuned mass dampers commonly used in high-rise buildings to comprehensively reduce casualties and economic losses in disasters.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0012] A passive vibration damping device with phased variable stiffness for a glass curtain wall comprises: a fixed block, two elastic plates arranged opposite each other in an "eight"-shaped structure, and a damper. The large open end of the "eight"-shaped structure is connected to one end of the fixed block, and the elastic plate extends toward the small open end of the "eight"-shaped structure to form a flat plate structure. The opposite ends of the two flat plates on the same side are welded and fixed by connecting steel plates. One end of the damper is fixedly connected to the center of the outer surface of one of the flat plates. The working direction of the damper is perpendicular to the flat plate structure. The other end of the damper is used to connect to the building structure where the curtain wall is located. The other flat plate structure is used to be fixedly connected to the frame of the glass curtain wall. The fixed block is used to be connected and fixed to the building structure.

[0013] Preferably, the two elastic plates are symmetrically arranged. In the initial state, since the elastic forces of the two elastic plates cancel each other out, the initial stiffness of the combined structure of the two elastic plates is 0 or close to 0 within a set error range.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing block is a cubic structure, one end of the fixing block is fixedly connected to the building structure, and the side end of the fixing block is used to limit the bending degree of the elastic plate.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic plate is made of chrome-vanadium spring steel or silicon-manganese spring steel or superelastic shape memory alloy by bending.

[0016] Preferably, the damper is a passive control damper.

[0017] Preferably, the damper is a viscous damper.

[0018] A method for using a passive vibration damping device with phased variable stiffness for a glass curtain wall comprises: fixing the free end of a damper to a building structure, fixing a flat plate structure on a side away from the damper to a frame of the glass curtain wall, and fixing the end of a fixing block away from the glass curtain wall to the building structure. Because the elastic forces of the two elastic plates cancel each other out, the initial stiffness of the combined structure of the two elastic plates is 0 or close to 0 within a set error range, making the combined structure highly sensitive to wind loads or vibrations. When the wind loads or vibrations are at normal values, the damper participates in vibration reduction of the glass curtain wall. When the wind loads or vibrations increase or even reach catastrophic levels, the deformation of the elastic plates increases, thereby providing higher stiffness and cooperating with the damper to prevent large displacement of the glass curtain wall relative to the building structure.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the passive vibration reduction device and method for glass curtain walls with staged stiffness variation are as follows:

[0020] 1. Traditional vibration damping devices focus solely on controlling the acceleration of the main structure, but offer few targeted vibration damping designs for non-structural curtain wall components. The device provided by this invention is installed on each curtain wall unit, ensuring sufficient energy dissipation. This not only protects the non-structural component itself, such as the curtain wall, but also reduces the wind-induced vibration response of the main structure by deploying multiple devices at the joints of the glass curtain wall frame.

[0021] 2. The elastic plate in the device of the present invention is pre-bent in its initial state. The stiffness of the combined mechanism is close to zero in the equilibrium state, which can achieve quasi-zero stiffness. It is easy to achieve large displacement so that the viscous damper remains in a working state. In addition, its stiffness increases with the increase of displacement, playing a limiting role and preventing large deformation and damage of the curtain wall glass.

[0022] 3. The various components of the device of the present invention and the components and the main body are connected with high-strength bolts, which are easy to replace. When a component is damaged, only the damaged component needs to be replaced, and the components with slight damage can continue to be used, which facilitates the functional recoverable vibration reduction design of structural and non-structural components.

[0023] 4. The device of the present invention is installed between the curtain wall system and the main structure. The device is compact and easy to install. It does not affect the normal use function of the main structure and does not occupy the facade space of the main structure.

[0024] In summary, while preventing earthquake damage to the curtain wall itself, the present invention significantly reduces the impact of wind loads on the main structure, ensuring personal safety while also minimizing economic losses. The device adaptively adjusts the stiffness of the elastic plate based on the displacement caused by wind loads, further controlling the displacement of the curtain wall and ensuring both comfort and safety. Furthermore, the device is easy to install, inexpensive, and its components are easily replaceable, significantly extending its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when installed.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a displacement stiffness curve diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the principle of elastic plate bending.

[0029] 1. Fixed block; 11. Side end of fixed block; 2. Elastic plate; 3. Damper; 4. Flat plate structure; 41. Connecting steel plate; 5. Frame; 6. Building structure; A: Indicates the displacement stiffness state of the device under normal wind load; B: Indicates the displacement stiffness change state when the wind force increases and the stiffness increases (for earthquake or wind disaster resistance). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The following embodiments may be understood as individually expressing a part of a local structure or method of the present invention, or may be understood as a combination of the embodiments to explain the connotation of a larger structure or method of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] A passive vibration reduction device with phased variable stiffness for glass curtain walls, such as Figure 1 、 2 As shown, it includes: a fixed block 1, two elastic plates 2 arranged opposite to each other in an "eight"-shaped structure, and a damper 3. The large open end of the "eight"-shaped structure is connected to one end of the fixed block 1, and the elastic plate 2 extends toward the small open end of the "eight"-shaped structure to form a flat plate structure 4. The opposite ends of the two flat plate structures 4 on the same side are welded and fixed by connecting steel plates 41. One end of the damper 3 is fixedly connected to the center of the outer surface of one of the flat plate structures 4. The working direction of the damper 3 is perpendicular to the flat plate structure 4. The other end of the damper 3 is used to connect to the building structure 6 where the curtain wall is located. The other flat plate structure 4 is used to be fixedly connected to the frame 5 of the glass curtain wall. The fixed block 1 is used to be connected and fixed to the building structure 6.

[0034] In this embodiment, it should be noted that, in actual construction, several passive vibration reduction devices of the present invention can be installed as needed, and the anti-vibration capability of the glass curtain wall can be ensured through the coordinated action of several passive vibration reduction devices.

[0035] Example 2:

[0036] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the two elastic plates 2 are symmetrically arranged. In the initial state, the elastic forces of the two elastic plates 2 cancel each other out, so the initial stiffness of the combined structure of the two elastic plates 2 is 0 or close to 0 within a set tolerance (there may be some tolerance due to construction reasons, but it should be within the set range). The initial stiffness of the combined structure of 0 indicates high sensitivity, that is, even small wind loads are transmitted to the damper, allowing the damper to exert its vibration reduction and energy dissipation effect. Of course, as the damper expands and contracts, the elastic plates continue to deform, and the stiffness of the combined structure gradually increases with the deformation. When a certain stiffness is reached, it can withstand catastrophic wind loads, thereby protecting the structural safety of the glass curtain wall. In other words, the device of the present invention starts with a stiffness of 0, and during vibration resistance operation, the stiffness can adaptively change according to changes in wind load.

[0037] Example 3:

[0038] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the fixing block 1 is a cubic structure, one end of which is fixedly connected to the building structure 6. The side end 11 of the fixing block is used to limit the bending degree of the elastic plate 2. The fixing block is welded from steel plates. The fixing block is connected to the building structure using connectors and high-strength bolts, or it can be welded to the steel frame of the building structure.

[0039] like Figure 1 、 2As shown, the elastic plate 2 is made of chrome vanadium spring steel or silicon manganese spring steel or super elastic shape memory alloy by bending. Figure 4 As shown, the bending process and force principle of the elastic plate are given. Since the elastic plate is welded and fixed after bending, the device of the present invention has a large stiffness increasing ability when the device is deformed by pre-bending while achieving an initial stiffness of 0.

[0040] Example 4:

[0041] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the damper 3 is a passive control damper.

[0042] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the damper 3 is a viscous damper, that is, a passive vibration damper. Since the structure of the damper is prior art, it will not be described in detail here.

[0043] Example 5:

[0044] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment discloses a method for using a passive vibration reduction device with phased variable stiffness for a glass curtain wall, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the method includes: fixing the free end of the damper 3 to the building structure 6, fixing the flat plate structure 4 on the side away from the damper 3 to the frame 5 of the glass curtain wall, and fixing the end of the fixing block 1 away from the glass curtain wall to the building structure 6. Since the elastic forces of the two elastic plates 2 offset each other, the initial stiffness of the combined structure of the two elastic plates 2 is 0 or close to 0 within a set error range, so that the combined structure has high sensitivity to wind load or vibration. When the wind load or vibration is at a normal value, the damper 3 participates in the vibration reduction of the glass curtain wall; when the wind load or vibration increases or even reaches a catastrophic level, the deformation of the elastic plate 2 increases, thereby providing higher stiffness, and working in conjunction with the damper 3 to prevent the glass curtain wall from having a large displacement relative to the building structure 6.

[0045] It should be noted that in the above usage method, high-strength bolts are required for all bolt connections to ensure a firm installation and high strength.

Claims

1. A passive vibration reduction device with phased variable stiffness for glass curtain walls, characterized by: include: A fixing block, two elastic plates arranged opposite to each other in an "eight"-shaped structure, and a damper, wherein the large open end of the "eight"-shaped structure is connected to one end of the fixing block, and one end of the elastic plate extending toward the small open end of the "eight"-shaped structure forms a flat plate structure. The opposite ends of the two flat plates on the same side are welded and fixed by connecting steel plates. One end of the damper is fixedly connected to the center of the outer surface of one of the flat plates, and the working direction of the damper is perpendicular to the flat plate structure. The other end of the damper is used to connect to the building structure where the curtain wall is located. The other flat plate structure is used to be fixedly connected to the frame of the glass curtain wall. The fixing block is used to connect and fix to the building structure. The two elastic plates are symmetrically arranged. In the initial state, since the elastic forces of the two elastic plates cancel each other out, the initial stiffness of the combined structure of the two elastic plates is 0 or close to 0 within a set error range. The fixing block is a cubic structure, one end of which is fixedly connected to the building structure, and the side end of the fixing block is used to limit the bending degree of the elastic plate; The elastic plate is made of chrome-vanadium spring steel or silicon-manganese spring steel or superelastic shape memory alloy by bending.

2. The passive vibration damping device with phased stiffness variation for a glass curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper is a passive control damper.

3. The passive vibration reduction device with phased stiffness variation for a glass curtain wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The damper is a viscous damper.

4. The method for using the passive vibration damping device with staged stiffness variation for a glass curtain wall according to claim 3, wherein: include: The free end of the damper is fixedly connected to the building structure, the flat plate structure on the side away from the damper is fixedly connected to the frame of the glass curtain wall, and the end of the fixing block away from the glass curtain wall is fixedly connected to the building structure. Since the elastic forces of the two elastic plates offset each other, the initial stiffness of the combined structure of the two elastic plates is 0 or close to 0 within a set error range, making the combined structure highly sensitive to wind loads or vibrations. When the wind loads or vibrations are at normal values, the damper participates in the vibration reduction of the glass curtain wall; when the wind loads or vibrations increase or even reach catastrophic levels, the deformation of the elastic plates increases, thereby providing higher stiffness, and working in conjunction with the damper to prevent large displacement of the glass curtain wall relative to the building structure.

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