In-situ rapid detection device and method for specific gravity of wall protection slurry at any depth

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, in particular to an in-situ rapid detection device and method for the specific gravity of wall protection slurry at any depth, the device comprises an ultrasonic probe device, a lifting device and a signal generating and processing terminal, the ultrasonic probe device is used for being buried in slurry at different depths to detect sound wave signals; the lifting device is used for driving the ultrasonic probe device to ascend and descend so that the ultrasonic probe device can be located in mud of different depths. The signal generating and processing terminal is electrically connected with the ultrasonic probe device through a cable, and the signal generating and processing terminal is used for performing conversion according to an acoustic signal detected by the ultrasonic probe device to obtain the specific gravity of the mud at the corresponding depth. Through cooperative work of the ultrasonic probe device, the lifting device and the signal generating and processing terminal, the specific gravity of slurry at different depths can be rapidly detected in situ.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, and in particular to an in-situ rapid detection device and method for specific gravity of wall protection slurry at any depth. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of underground projects such as dewatering wells, cast-in-place piles, and ground-connected walls, the use of mud wall protection is a measure to prevent soil collapse and groundwater infiltration during well / trench construction. In order to ensure the quality of well / trench construction and the stability of well / trench walls, it is necessary to quickly master the relevant properties and technical indicators of the on-site mud in order to adjust the mud ratio. Among them, the mud specific gravity is a key parameter that can reflect the pressure of the mud on the hole wall and indirectly evaluate the stability of the hole wall. For example, during the construction of dewatering wells, the requirements for mud specific gravity are different at different stages: in the hole formation stage, the mud specific gravity should be controlled at 1.10-1.15; after the hole is completed, the slurry needs to be replaced and the hole needs to be cleaned. In order to ensure the water discharge and infiltration conditions of the formation, the mud specific gravity needs to be diluted to less than 1.1; after the well pipe is lowered and before the filter material is filled, the mud is diluted to a specific gravity of less than 1.05. The control of mud specific gravity plays a decisive role in the final well quality and the water output of the dewatering well, but there is a lack of rapid measurement methods for mud specific gravity, resulting in inadequate control of mud specific gravity on site.

[0003] At present, mud density is still measured by manual sampling followed by hydrometer, which requires workers to take samples frequently. The process is cumbersome, and the mud density is unevenly distributed along the depth. Manual sampling makes it difficult to obtain samples of deep mud, and the measurement accuracy of deep mud is difficult to guarantee. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an in-situ rapid detection device and method for the specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth. The ultrasonic sensor transmits and receives signals, analyzes the influence of the specific gravity of the mud on the ultrasonic amplitude, and quickly obtains the specific gravity of the mud at different depths.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides an in-situ rapid detection device for specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth, the detection device comprising:

[0007] An ultrasonic probe device, wherein the ultrasonic probe device is used to be buried in mud at different depths to detect sound wave signals;

[0008] A lifting device, the lifting device is used to drive the ultrasonic probe device to rise and fall so that the ultrasonic probe device is placed in the mud at different depths;

[0009] A signal generating and processing terminal is electrically connected to the ultrasonic probe device through a cable, and is used to convert the sound wave signal detected by the ultrasonic probe device to obtain the mud density of the corresponding depth.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the ultrasonic probe device includes a hollow frame, an ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly arranged on the top of the hollow frame, and an ultrasonic receiving probe assembly correspondingly arranged on the bottom of the hollow frame, and there is a space between the ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly and the ultrasonic receiving probe assembly for pouring the mud.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly includes a first base fixed on the top of the hollow frame, an ultrasonic transmitting probe suspended and fixed on the first base, a first shell suspended and fixed on the bottom of the first base, and a first rubber filled between the first shell and the ultrasonic transmitting probe; the ultrasonic transmitting probe is electrically connected to the output port of the signal generating and processing terminal through a cable.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the ultrasonic receiving probe assembly includes a second base fixed to the bottom of the hollow frame, an ultrasonic receiving probe fixed on the second base, a second shell fixed to the top of the second base, and a second rubber filled between the second shell and the ultrasonic receiving probe; the ultrasonic receiving probe is electrically connected to the input port of the signal generating and processing terminal through a cable.

[0013] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the lifting device includes a winch, and the winch is connected to the ultrasonic probe device via a cable with a depth mark.

[0014] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a monitoring point is arranged near the lifting device for monitoring the depth mark on the cable line and transmitting it back to the signal generating and processing terminal.

[0015] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the signal generation and processing terminal is integrated with a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a data acquisition and processing module and a display module.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for rapidly detecting the specific gravity of the wall protection mud at any depth, using the device for rapidly detecting the specific gravity of the wall protection mud at any depth in situ, the method comprising:

[0017] Establish a database of the corresponding relationship between mud density and received sound wave amplitude, and input it into the signal generation and processing terminal;

[0018] The ultrasonic probe device is lowered into the mud at a specified depth through a lifting device, and the ultrasonic probe device is started to work through a signal generation and processing terminal, and the detected sound wave signal is transmitted back;

[0019] The signal generation and processing terminal converts the returned sound wave signal into mud density according to the corresponding relationship database between mud density and received sound wave amplitude, and displays the depth and mud density on the terminal screen.

[0020] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the establishment of a database of corresponding relations between mud density and received acoustic wave amplitude includes:

[0021] The relationship between mud density ρ and acoustic wave attenuation coefficient β is as follows:

[0022] β=B(ρ-ρ w )f+β w (f) (1)

[0023] In formula (1): β w (f) is the acoustic wave attenuation coefficient of water at frequency f; B is a constant related to the mud properties; ρ is the mud density; ρ w is the water density;

[0024] The relationship between the sound wave attenuation coefficient and the sound wave amplitude is:

[0025] P=P 0 e -βd (2)

[0026] In formula (2), P is the amplitude of the received sound wave; P 0 is the amplitude of the transmitted sound wave; β is the sound wave attenuation coefficient; d is the propagation distance of the sound wave in the mud;

[0027] According to equations (1) and (2), the relationship between mud density and received acoustic wave amplitude is:

[0028]

[0029] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, parameter B needs to be calibrated through experiments, including the following steps:

[0030] Mud preparation: Use water-based mud with a mud density between 1.05 and 1.30, and control the mud density to change gradually from low to high;

[0031] Make a test tube, and inject muds of different specific gravities into the test tube respectively;

[0032] One end of the signal transmitting system and the signal receiving system are connected to the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe of the ultrasonic probe device respectively, and the other end is connected to the computer data acquisition and processing system and the oscilloscope;

[0033] Hang the ultrasonic probe device into the test tube filled with mud, immerse it completely in the mud and keep it fixed;

[0034] Respectively detect the transmission amplitude of the ultrasonic probe device in air, clean water, and muds of different specific gravities, record relevant parameters, and collect relevant curves;

[0035] Plot a graph of different acoustic wave amplitudes and corresponding mud density, and fit and invert the value of parameter B according to equations (1) to (3).

[0036] The present invention provides an in-situ rapid detection device and method for specific gravity of wall protection slurry at any depth, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0037] (1) The present invention can quickly detect the specific gravity of mud at different depths in situ through the coordinated work of the ultrasonic probe device, the lifting device and the signal generation and processing terminal. The ultrasonic probe device can be directly buried in the mud to detect the sound wave signal, the lifting device can conveniently place the probe at different depths, and the signal generation and processing terminal can quickly convert and display the results, avoiding the problems of frequent manual sampling and difficulty in obtaining deep samples, and greatly improving the detection efficiency.

[0038] (2) A database of precise correspondence between mud density and received sound wave amplitude is established. Through accurate formula derivation (such as the relationship formula between mud density ρ and sound wave attenuation coefficient β, the relationship formula between sound wave attenuation coefficient and sound wave amplitude, etc.), and combined with the experimental calibration of parameter B, the mud specific gravity can be calculated more accurately. Compared with the traditional manual sampling and measurement method of the hydrometer, the present invention takes into account more influencing factors, and the measurement results are more accurate and reliable, especially for the measurement accuracy of deep mud specific gravity.

[0039] (3) The lifting device is connected to the ultrasonic probe device through a cable with depth markings, which can monitor the lowering depth in real time and automatically transmit the information back to the terminal system, thus realizing real-time monitoring of the detection process. The detection results can be displayed instantly on the screen of the signal generation and processing terminal, showing the depth and mud density, which is convenient for construction personnel to grasp the mud performance in time, so as to quickly adjust the mud ratio according to the detection results and ensure the construction quality.

[0040] (4) The detection device and method of the present invention can be applied to various well / trench constructions such as dewatering well construction, cast-in-place pile construction, and ground-connected wall trench construction, and has a wide range of applications. It can meet the needs of mud density detection in different construction scenarios and provide an effective technical means for controlling mud density in various underground engineering constructions.

[0041] (5) The entire detection process is relatively simple to operate. Construction personnel only need to connect the ultrasonic probe device, lower it to the specified depth through the lifting device, and start the detection. The terminal can automatically complete signal processing and result display. Complex operations and professional measurement skills are not required, which reduces the difficulty and labor intensity of manual operation and improves work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the detection device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ultrasonic probe device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the ultrasonic probe device of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test system for calibrating B parameters of the present invention.

[0046] Figure numerals: 1. ultrasonic probe device; 11. hollow frame; 12. ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly; 121. first base; 122. ultrasonic transmitting probe; 123. first shell; 124. first rubber; 13. ultrasonic receiving probe assembly; 131. second base; 132. ultrasonic receiving probe; 133. second shell; 134. second rubber; 2. lifting device; 3. signal generating and processing terminal; 4. cable; 5. well wall; 6. test tube; 7. signal transmitting system; 8. signal receiving system; 9. oscilloscope; 10. computer data acquisition and processing system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the preferred implementation scheme of the present invention is described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the drawings are only used for exemplary description and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted. The positional relationship described in the drawings is only for exemplary description and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an in-situ rapid detection device for specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth, and the detection device includes: an ultrasonic probe device 1, a lifting device 2 and a signal generating and processing terminal 3.

[0049] In some examples, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the ultrasonic probe device 1 is used to detect sound wave signals buried in mud at different depths. The ultrasonic probe device 1 includes a hollow frame 11, an ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly 12 arranged on the top of the hollow frame 11, and an ultrasonic receiving probe assembly 13 correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the hollow frame 11. There is a space between the ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly 12 and the ultrasonic receiving probe assembly 13 for mud to be poured. The hollow frame 11 is a rectangular parallelepiped frame with a length×width×height of 2.5 cm×2.5 cm×5 cm, and is hollow inside.

[0050] Specifically, the ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly 12 includes a first base 121 fixed on the top of the hollow frame 11, an ultrasonic transmitting probe 122 suspended and fixed on the first base 121, a first shell 123 suspended and fixed on the bottom of the first base 121, and a first rubber 124 filled between the first shell 123 and the ultrasonic transmitting probe 122; the ultrasonic transmitting probe 122 is electrically connected to the output port of the signal generating and processing terminal 3 through the cable 4. Among them, the first rubber 124 can protect the probe and reduce the impact, and the first base 121 and the first shell 123 are both welded and fixed to the hollow frame 11.

[0051] Specifically, the ultrasonic receiving probe assembly 13 includes a second base 131 fixed to the bottom of the hollow frame 11, an ultrasonic receiving probe 132 fixed to the second base 131, a second shell 133 fixed to the top of the second base 131, and a second rubber 134 filled between the second shell 133 and the ultrasonic receiving probe 132; the ultrasonic receiving probe 132 is electrically connected to the input port of the signal generating and processing terminal 3 through the cable 4. Among them, the second rubber 134 can protect the probe and reduce the impact, and the second base 131 and the second shell 133 are both welded and fixed to the hollow frame 11.

[0052] In some examples, the lifting device 2 is used to drive the ultrasonic probe device 1 to rise and fall so that it is in the mud at different depths. The lifting device 2 includes a winch, which is connected to the ultrasonic probe device 1 through a cable 4 with a depth mark. It can be understood that the operating state of the winch (such as the direction of rotation, the speed of rotation, etc.) is closely related to the lifting and lowering movement of the probe, and its precise control can ensure that the probe moves at a predetermined speed and direction. When the winch lowers the cable 4, as the cable 4 is continuously released, the depth mark passes through the monitoring point at a fixed position in turn (which can be a sensor near the winch or other suitable position), and the monitoring point can identify the depth mark and transmit the depth signal to the signal generation and processing terminal 3. After the terminal receives the depth signal, it integrates it with the sound wave signal detected by the ultrasonic probe collected at the same time, and displays the corresponding depth and mud specific gravity on the terminal screen in real time. Among them, the specific structure and working principle of the winch and the sensor can be selected conventionally, which belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0053] In some examples, the signal generating and processing terminal 3 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic probe device 1 through the cable 4, and the signal generating and processing terminal 3 is used to convert the sound wave signal detected by the ultrasonic probe device 1 to obtain the mud density at the corresponding depth. The signal generating and processing terminal 3 integrates a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a data acquisition and processing module, and a display module.

[0054] Specifically, the ultrasonic transmitting probe 122 is connected to the signal transmitter, and the ultrasonic receiving probe 132 is connected to the signal receiver. During measurement, the signal transmitter provides a pulse signal (width is about 3.2μs, pulse peak voltage is 80V), and the electrical signal is transmitted to the ultrasonic transmitting probe 122 (resonance frequency 50KHz). Under the action of the inverse piezoelectric effect, the electrical signal is converted into an acoustic wave signal, and the acoustic wave signal propagates in the mud. After the ultrasonic receiving probe 132 receives the acoustic wave, under the action of the positive piezoelectric reaction, the received acoustic wave signal is converted into an electrical signal, which is received by the data acquisition and processing module and processed in the next step. The data acquisition and processing module automatically extracts the peak voltage of the received wave, performs A / D conversion to convert the voltage into a digital quantity, and then converts the mud density through the formula / empirical relationship between the peak voltage of the received wave and the mud density, and displays the depth and mud density on the terminal screen. Among them, the specific structure and working principle of the signal transmitter, signal receiver, data acquisition and processing module and display module can be selected conventionally, which belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0055] Based on the above structural design, in some examples, a method for quickly detecting the specific gravity of the wall protection mud at any depth includes:

[0056] (1) Establishing a database of the corresponding relationship between mud density and received acoustic wave amplitude, and inputting it into the signal generation and processing terminal 3;

[0057] (2) lowering the ultrasonic probe device 1 into the mud at a specified depth through the lifting device 2, starting the ultrasonic probe device 1 through the signal generating and processing terminal 3, and transmitting the detected sound wave signal back;

[0058] (3) The signal generation and processing terminal 3 converts the returned sound wave signal into mud density according to the corresponding relationship database between the mud density and the received sound wave amplitude, and displays the depth and mud density on the terminal screen.

[0059] Specifically, to calculate the mud density by the received sound wave amplitude, it is necessary to first establish the relationship between the mud density and the received sound wave amplitude. According to the law of sound wave attenuation, the attenuation of sound waves in the medium includes scattering attenuation, viscous attenuation and diffusion attenuation. Since the wavelength of ultrasound is much larger than the mud particle size, scattering attenuation can be ignored, and the height of the detection device is only 5cm, the propagation distance is short, and diffusion attenuation is not considered. The mud density ρ and the sound wave attenuation coefficient β have the following relationship:

[0060] β=B(ρ-ρ w )f+β w (f) (1)

[0061] In formula (1): β w (f) is the acoustic wave attenuation coefficient of water at frequency f; B is a constant related to the mud properties; ρ is the mud density; ρ w is the water density;

[0062] The relationship between the sound wave attenuation coefficient and the sound wave amplitude is:

[0063] P=P 0 e -βd (2)

[0064] In formula (2), P is the amplitude of the received sound wave; P 0 is the amplitude of the transmitted sound wave; β is the sound wave attenuation coefficient; d is the propagation distance of the sound wave in the mud;

[0065] According to equations (1) and (2), the relationship between mud density and received acoustic wave amplitude is:

[0066]

[0067] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, parameter B needs to be calibrated through experiments, including the following steps:

[0068] (1) Prepare mud: Use water-based mud with a mud density between 1.05 and 1.30. Use clean water, bentonite and admixtures to control the mud density, gradually changing it from low to high. This step provides mud samples of different densities for subsequent measurements and is the basis for establishing the relationship between mud density and acoustic wave amplitude.

[0069] (2) A test tube 6 with a height of 30 cm and a diameter of 20 cm is made, and muds of different specific gravities are respectively injected into the test tube 6; the test tube 6 provides a stable measurement environment for the detection device, ensures that the mud state is relatively consistent, and reduces the interference of external factors on the measurement results.

[0070] (3) One end of the signal transmitting system 7 and the signal receiving system 8 are respectively connected to the ultrasonic transmitting probe 122 and the ultrasonic receiving probe 132 of the ultrasonic probe device 1, and the other end is connected to the computer data acquisition and processing system 10 and the oscilloscope 9; this connection method enables the signals transmitted by the transmitting probe and the signals received by the receiving probe to be accurately recorded and analyzed, and the computer system and the oscilloscope 9 are used to collect and display relevant data.

[0071] (4) The ultrasonic probe device 1 is hung in a test tube 6 filled with mud, and is completely immersed in the mud and fixed; the position of the probe is ensured to be stable during the measurement process, so that the conditions of each measurement are the same, thereby improving the accuracy and comparability of the measurement data.

[0072] (5) Detect the transmission amplitude of the ultrasonic probe device 1 in air, clean water, and muds of different specific gravities, record relevant parameters (such as the received sound wave amplitude, etc.), and collect relevant curves (such as the sound wave transmission curve, etc.); these data are the original basis for subsequent calculations and fitting, covering the sound wave transmission conditions in different media environments, and help to fully understand the attenuation characteristics of sound waves under different conditions.

[0073] (6) Draw a graph of different acoustic wave amplitudes and corresponding mud density, and fit and invert the value of parameter B according to equations (1) to (3).

[0074] Among them, the specific structures and working principles of the signal transmitting system 7, the signal receiving system 8, the computer data acquisition and processing system 10 and the oscilloscope 9 can be conventionally selected and belong to the existing technology, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0075] In some examples, the mud specific gravity detection device can be applied to well construction, cast-in-place pile construction, ground-connected wall trench construction and other well / trench construction. Taking the construction of a dewatering well as an example, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0076] (1) The ultrasonic probe device 1 is connected to the signal generation and processing terminal 3 via the cable 4, the ultrasonic transmitting probe 122 is connected to the output port, and the ultrasonic receiving probe 132 is connected to the input port.

[0077] (2) The signal generation and processing terminal 3 is turned on to clear and reset the system.

[0078] (3) The ultrasonic probe device 1 is slowly lowered through the cable 4 with depth marks, and measurement is performed every 5 m.

[0079] (4) Click the signal transmission button, the ultrasonic signal is transmitted in the mud and reaches the ultrasonic receiving probe 132, and the ultrasonic receiving probe 132 converts it into an electrical signal and transmits it back to the terminal.

[0080] (5) The terminal screen displays the current depth and mud density. Click OK to save.

[0081] (6) The ultrasonic probe device 1 is lowered again to repeat the measurement of the mud gravity at a deeper depth.

[0082] (7) Measure the mud density in the hole during the drilling stage, after the final hole slurry replacement, and before filling the filter material. If the density does not meet the requirements, adjust the mud density and measure again until it meets the requirements.

[0083] According to the description and drawings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use the in-situ rapid detection device and method for specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth of the present invention, and can produce the positive effects recorded in the present invention.

[0084] Unless otherwise specified, in the present invention, the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the orientation or positional relationship in the present invention are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood in conjunction with the drawings and according to specific circumstances.

[0085] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, in the present invention, the terms "disposed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ rapid detection device for the specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth, characterized in that: The detection device comprises: An ultrasonic probe device (1), wherein the ultrasonic probe device (1) is used to be buried in mud at different depths to detect sound wave signals; A lifting device (2), the lifting device (2) is used to drive the ultrasonic probe device (1) to rise and fall so that the ultrasonic probe device (1) is placed in mud at different depths; A signal generating and processing terminal (3), the signal generating and processing terminal (3) is electrically connected to the ultrasonic probe device (1) via a cable (4), and the signal generating and processing terminal (3) is used to convert the sound wave signal detected by the ultrasonic probe device (1) to obtain the mud density at the corresponding depth.

2. The in-situ rapid detection device for specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ultrasonic probe device (1) comprises a hollow frame (11), an ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly (12) arranged at the top of the hollow frame (11), and an ultrasonic receiving probe assembly (13) correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the hollow frame (11), and a space for the slurry to be poured is provided between the ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly (12) and the ultrasonic receiving probe assembly (13).

3. The in-situ rapid detection device for specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth according to claim 2 is characterized by: The ultrasonic transmitting probe assembly (12) comprises a first base (121) fixed to the top of the hollow frame (11), an ultrasonic transmitting probe (122) suspended and fixed on the first base (121), a first shell (123) suspended and fixed at the bottom of the first base (121), and a first rubber (124) filled between the first shell (123) and the ultrasonic transmitting probe (122); the ultrasonic transmitting probe (122) is electrically connected to the output port of the signal generating and processing terminal (3) via a cable (4).

4. The in-situ rapid detection device for specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth according to claim 2 is characterized by: The ultrasonic receiving probe assembly (13) comprises a second base (131) fixed to the bottom of the hollow frame (11), an ultrasonic receiving probe (132) fixed to the second base (131), a second shell (133) fixed to the top of the second base (131), and a second rubber (134) filled between the second shell (133) and the ultrasonic receiving probe (132); the ultrasonic receiving probe (132) is electrically connected to the input port of the signal generating and processing terminal (3) via a cable (4).

5. The in-situ rapid detection device for specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lifting device (2) comprises a winch, and the winch is connected to the ultrasonic probe device (1) via a cable (4) with depth markings.

6. The in-situ rapid detection device for specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth according to claim 1 is characterized by: A monitoring point is arranged near the lifting device (2) for monitoring the depth mark on the cable (4) and transmitting the depth mark back to the signal generating and processing terminal (3).

7. The in-situ rapid detection device for specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth according to claim 1 is characterized by: The signal generation and processing terminal (3) is integrated with a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a data acquisition and processing module and a display module.

8. A method for rapidly detecting the specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth, characterized in that: Using the device for rapid in-situ detection of specific gravity of wall protection mud at any depth as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprises: Establishing a database of the corresponding relationship between the mud density and the received sound wave amplitude, and inputting it into the signal generation and processing terminal (3); The ultrasonic probe device (1) is lowered into the mud at a specified depth by means of a lifting device (2), and the ultrasonic probe device (1) is started to work by means of a signal generating and processing terminal (3), and the detected sound wave signal is transmitted back; The signal generation and processing terminal (3) converts the returned sound wave signal into mud density according to the corresponding relationship database between mud density and received sound wave amplitude, and displays the depth and mud density on the terminal screen.

9. The method for rapidly detecting the specific gravity of the wall protection slurry at any depth according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The establishing of a database of the corresponding relationship between the mud density and the received sound wave amplitude comprises: The relationship between mud density ρ and acoustic wave attenuation coefficient β is as follows: β=B(ρ-ρ w )f+β w (f) (1) In formula (1): β w (f) is the acoustic wave attenuation coefficient of water at frequency f; B is a constant related to the mud properties; ρ is the mud density; ρ w is the water density; The relationship between the sound wave attenuation coefficient and the sound wave amplitude is: P=P0e -βd (2) In formula (2), P is the received sound wave amplitude; P0 is the transmitted sound wave amplitude; β is the sound wave attenuation coefficient; d is the propagation distance of the sound wave in the mud; According to equations (1) and (2), the relationship between mud density and received acoustic wave amplitude is:

10. The method for rapidly detecting the specific gravity of the wall protection slurry at any depth according to claim 9 is characterized in that: Parameter B needs to be calibrated through experiments, including the following steps: Mud preparation: Use water-based mud with a mud density between 1.05 and 1.30, and control the mud density to change gradually from low to high; A test tube (6) is prepared, and muds of different specific gravities are respectively injected into the test tube (6); One end of the signal transmitting system (7) and the signal receiving system (8) are respectively connected to the ultrasonic transmitting probe (122) and the ultrasonic receiving probe (132) of the ultrasonic probe device (1), and the other end is connected to the computer data acquisition and processing system (10) and the oscilloscope (9); The ultrasonic probe device (1) is hung in a test tube (6) filled with mud, and is completely immersed in the mud and fixed; Respectively detecting the transmission amplitude of the ultrasonic probe device (1) in air, clean water, and muds of different specific gravities, recording relevant parameters, and collecting relevant curves; Plot a graph of different acoustic wave amplitudes and corresponding mud density, and fit and invert the value of parameter B according to equations (1) to (3).

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