A method and system for optimizing the arrangement of cutters of a slurry shield cutterhead

Abstract

The application discloses a method and system for optimizing the arrangement of cutters of a slurry shield cutter head, and relates to the technical field of shield cutter heads.A method for optimizing the arrangement of cutters on the front face of a slurry shield cutter head is provided.The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the structural parameters of the front face cutters and working conditions to determine the cutter arrangement parameters;establishing a soil breaking amount model based on the cutting process of the cutters and the cutter arrangement parameters;establishing a cutting force model according to the Rankine passive earth pressure theory, in combination with the cutting resistance model of the tillage cutters and the synergistic effect and cutting mechanism of the cutters;then, establishing a cutting efficiency model based on the soil breaking amount model and the cutting force model;finally, evaluating the cutting efficiency under different cutter combination arrangement parameters through the cutting efficiency model, and selecting the cutter arrangement parameters with the highest cutting efficiency as the optimal arrangement scheme.The application can improve the accuracy of the cutter arrangement parameters of the slurry shield cutter head, and thus improve the tunneling efficiency of the slurry shield cutter head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of shield tunneling cutterhead technology, and in particular to a method and system for optimizing the cutter arrangement of a slurry shield tunneling cutterhead. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are indispensable large-scale engineering equipment in modern tunnel engineering, offering advantages such as high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and safety in tunnel excavation. Among these, "synchronous pushing and assembling" represents a new approach and requirement for large-diameter slurry shield tunneling projects. In engineering projects, facing complex conditions such as long construction distances and large excavation cross-sections, problems such as low tunneling efficiency and frequent downtime arise.

[0003] Therefore, in response to the above problems, higher requirements are placed on the comprehensive performance of large-diameter slurry shield cutterheads. As the cutterhead is an important tool for tunneling, and existing cutterheads are equipped with multiple types of cutterheads, the quality of the cutterhead arrangement scheme is closely related to the tunneling efficiency of the shield machine. Therefore, the optimization of cutterhead arrangement parameters is an important part of shield cutterhead design.

[0004] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) relies on the rotation of its cutterhead to drive cutters mounted on the cutterhead to cut the rock and soil at the tunnel face, and uses hydraulic cylinders to propel the TBM forward, thus achieving continuous tunneling. In actual construction, the configuration and arrangement of the cutters have a significant impact on tunneling performance. To improve tunneling performance, reduce construction costs, and ensure construction safety, engineers continuously optimize the configuration and arrangement of the cutters. Selecting the appropriate cutter type and combination is crucial for different geological conditions. For example, in hard rock geology, roller cutters are indispensable due to their powerful rolling action; while in soft soil layers, cutting cutters are more effective at cutting. A reasonable cutter combination can fully utilize the advantages of various cutters, thereby improving overall tunneling efficiency. The arrangement of the cutters also affects tunneling performance. The arrangement of the cutters should consider the interaction between the cutters and their contact with the rock and soil at the tunnel face. A reasonable cutter arrangement allows the cutters to work together better during tunneling, reducing cutter wear and increasing tunneling speed.

[0005] For large-diameter slurry shield tunnels, the advance cutter is the tool that cuts the soil first, dividing the soil into blocks to create better cutting conditions for the cutting tool. In addition to creating cutting conditions for the cutting tool, the use of the advance cutter can also significantly improve the fluidity of the soil being cut, greatly reduce the torque on the cutting tool, improve the cutting efficiency of the cutting tool, and reduce the wear of the cutting tool. The effect is particularly obvious in loose strata, especially in sand and gravel strata. The combination of advance cutter and cutting tool is widely used in the design of soft soil shield tunnel cutterheads.

[0006] The height difference between the leading cutter and the cutting cutter is a key parameter in the cutter assembly. An appropriate height difference helps to rationally distribute cutting forces, enabling the leading and cutting cutters to work collaboratively during the cutting process and improving overall cutting efficiency. The overlap of the cutting cutter trajectories also affects tunneling performance. Excessive overlap can lead to mutual interference between cutters, shortening their lifespan and reducing tunneling efficiency. Appropriate overlap, on the other hand, can evenly distribute cutting forces, reduce localized wear, and ensure continuous tunneling. In engineering applications, adjacent cutting cutters in a common cutterhead setup are designed with an overlap to ensure the cutterhead can smoothly cut through all the rock and soil on the tunnel face during tunneling. Therefore, selecting appropriate height differences and overlaps is crucial in the design of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead.

[0007] From the perspective of tool arrangement, many researchers have explored issues such as tool structure parameter optimization, formation adaptability, and tool configuration optimization through numerical simulation and experimental methods. However, most studies only focus on the arrangement optimization of a single type of tool and lack consideration of the synergistic effect and mutual influence between tools on the front.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new method or system for determining the cutter arrangement scheme of the cutterhead combination in slurry shield tunneling projects. This method or system can improve the accuracy of the cutter arrangement parameters and thus improve the tunneling efficiency of the slurry shield tunneling cutterhead under the complex working conditions of long construction distances and large excavation faces in large-diameter slurry shield tunneling projects. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and system for optimizing the cutter arrangement of a slurry shield tunneling machine cutterhead, which can improve the accuracy of the cutter arrangement parameters and thus enhance the tunneling efficiency of the slurry shield tunneling machine cutterhead.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution:

[0011] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for optimizing the cutter arrangement of a slurry shield tunneling cutterhead, including:

[0012] Obtain the structural parameters and operating conditions of the front-side cutting tool; the front-side cutting tool includes: a cutting tool and a tearing tool; the structural parameters of the front-side cutting tool include: tool width, tool thickness, and cutting angle; the operating conditions include: geological conditions and tool head size;

[0013] Based on the aforementioned front tool structure parameters and the aforementioned working conditions, the tool arrangement parameters are determined; the tool arrangement parameters include: the number of tools, the range of overlap variation, and the radius range of the arrangement area;

[0014] Based on the cutting process of the tool and the tool arrangement parameters, a soil breaking volume model of the tool combination is established; the soil breaking volume model is used to determine the total soil breaking volume of the tool.

[0015] Based on Rankine's passive earth pressure theory and the cutting resistance model of tillage tools, combined with the synergistic effect of the tools and the cutting mechanism, a cutting force model of the tool combination is established; the cutting force model is used to determine the cutting force of the tools; the cutting force includes: tangential cutting force and vertical propulsion force;

[0016] Based on the soil breaking volume model and the cutting force model, a cutting efficiency model is established; the cutting efficiency model is used to determine the cutting efficiency based on the total soil breaking volume and the cutting force; the cutting efficiency is the energy consumed by the cutter head to cut a unit of soil in one rotation cycle.

[0017] Based on the cutting performance model, the cutting performance under different tool combination arrangement parameters is determined, and the tool arrangement parameter with the highest cutting performance is taken as the optimal arrangement scheme.

[0018] Optionally, the number of the cutter and the tearing blade is the same as the radius of the arrangement area.

[0019] Optionally, the tool arrangement parameters are determined based on the front tool structure parameters and the working conditions, specifically including:

[0020] Using formula Determine the number of cutting tools; where N is the number of cutting tools, ρ max ρ0 is the maximum radius of the tool arrangement, b1 is the minimum radius of the tool arrangement, and b1 is the width of the cutting tool.

[0021] Using formula With formula Determine the minimum and maximum overlap of the cutter; the overlap of the cutter varies within the range of a. min <a<a max ; where a min b1 is the minimum overlap of the cutter blades, b1 is the width of the cutter blade, and ρ is the minimum overlap of the cutter blades. max ρ1 is the maximum radius of the tool arrangement, n is the tool number, and a is the maximum radius of the tool arrangement. max denoted as the maximum overlap of the cutting blade, and 'a' as the cutting overlap of the cutting blade.

[0022] Using the formula ρ n =ρ1+(n-1)(b1-a) determines the radius of the nth tool's arrangement; where ρ n Let b1 be the radius of the nth cutting tool, where n is the tool number and b1 is the cutting tool width.

[0023] Optionally, establishing a soil-breaking volume model for the tool assembly based on the cutting process of the tool and the tool arrangement parameters specifically includes:

[0024] The soil breaking volume model is determined using the formula V = V1 + V2; where V1 is the soil breaking volume of the cutter. N is the number of cutting tools, n is the tool number, b1 is the width of the cutting tool, b2 is the thickness of the tearing tool, A is the depth of cut, ρ n Let V1 be the radius of the nth cutting tool, and V2 be the soil-breaking capacity of the tearing tool. H represents the height difference between the cutting blade and the tearing blade, and V represents the total amount of soil broken.

[0025] Optionally, based on Rankine's passive earth pressure theory and the cutting resistance model of tillage tools, combined with the synergistic effect of the tools and the cutting mechanism, a cutting force model of the tool assembly is established, specifically including:

[0026] Using formula F H =F H1 +F H2 and formula F V =F V1 +F V2 Establish a cutting force model for the tool combination;

[0027] Among them, F H For tangential cutting force, F H1 F is the horizontal cutting force of the cutter. H1 =P H1 +μp u1 (b1-b2-a)l1P H1 The tangential reaction force exerted by the cutting tool on the soil is μ, where μ is the coefficient of friction, and p is the coefficient of friction. u1 The ultimate bearing capacity of the soil when the cutter acts on it, b1 is the cutter width, b2 is the tearing blade thickness, a is the cutting overlap of the cutter, l1 is the projected width of the cutter blade arc, and F H2 F is the horizontal cutting force of the tearing tool. H2 =P H2 +μp u2 b2l2, P H2 The tangential reaction force exerted by the cutting soil on the ripping tool is μ, where μ is the coefficient of friction, and p is the coefficient of friction. u2 b2 is the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil when the ripping tool is applied to it, b2 is the thickness of the ripping tool, l2 is the projected width of the ripping tool's cutting edge, and F is the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil. V For vertical thrust, F V1 F is the vertical propulsion force of the cutter. V1 =p u1 (b1-b2-a)l1-P V1 P V1 F is the vertical reaction force of the cutting tool on the soil. V2 For the vertical thrust of the tearing blade, F V2 =p u2 b2l2-P V2 P V2 This refers to the vertical reaction force exerted by the cutting soil on the tearing blade.

[0028] Optionally, establishing a cutting performance model based on the soil breaking volume model and the cutting force model specifically includes:

[0029] Using formula Establish a cutting performance model; where E is the cutting performance and F is the cutting performance. V The vertical thrust is A, the depth of cut is N, the number of tools is n, and the tool number is ρ. n Let F be the radius of the nth tool's arrangement. H V represents the tangential cutting force, and V represents the total amount of soil excavated.

[0030] Secondly, this application provides a cutter optimization arrangement system for a slurry shield tunneling cutterhead, comprising:

[0031] The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the structural parameters and working conditions of the front-side cutting tool; the front-side cutting tool includes: a cutting tool and a tearing tool; the structural parameters of the front-side cutting tool include: tool width, tool thickness and cutting angle; the working conditions include: geological conditions and tool head size;

[0032] The tool arrangement parameter determination module is used to determine the tool arrangement parameters based on the front tool structure parameters and the working conditions; the tool arrangement parameters include: the number of tools, the range of overlap variation, and the radius range of the arrangement area;

[0033] The soil breaking volume model establishment module is used to establish a soil breaking volume model of the tool combination based on the cutting process of the tool and the tool arrangement parameters; the soil breaking volume model is used to determine the total soil breaking volume of the tool.

[0034] The cutting force model building module is used to establish a cutting force model of the tool combination based on Rankine's passive earth pressure theory, the cutting resistance model of tillage tools, and the synergistic effect and cutting mechanism of the tools. The cutting force model is used to determine the cutting force of the tools. The cutting force includes: tangential cutting force and vertical propulsion force.

[0035] The cutting efficiency model establishment module is used to establish a cutting efficiency model based on the soil breaking volume model and the cutting force model; the cutting efficiency model is used to determine the cutting efficiency based on the total soil breaking volume and the cutting force; the cutting efficiency is the energy consumed by the cutter head to cut a unit of soil in one rotation cycle;

[0036] The layout scheme determination module is used to determine the cutting performance under different tool combination layout parameters based on the cutting performance model, and to take the tool layout parameters with the highest cutting performance as the optimal layout scheme.

[0037] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects:

[0038] This application provides a method and system for optimizing the arrangement of cutters on a slurry shield tunneling machine cutterhead. This application focuses on the mutual influence and interaction process between the cutters on the front, establishes cutting force models and soil breaking volume models for the cutting and tearing cutters, and establishes a cutting efficiency model by combining the cutting force model and the soil breaking volume model. The cutting efficiency model can effectively evaluate the cutting efficiency of the cutters on a large-diameter slurry shield tunneling machine cutterhead, and optimizes the arrangement parameters of the cutting and tearing cutters in terms of three-dimensional and planar layout. When facing complex working conditions such as long construction distance and large excavation face in large-diameter slurry shield tunneling machine cutterhead projects, it improves the tunneling efficiency of the slurry shield tunneling machine cutterhead. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for optimizing the cutter arrangement of a slurry shield tunnel cutterhead in one embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting performance model establishment process in one embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the optimization of tool arrangement parameters in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a method for optimizing the cutter arrangement of a slurry shield tunneling machine cutterhead is provided, including the following S1 to S6:

[0046] S1: Obtain the structural parameters and operating conditions of the front cutting tool; the front cutting tool includes: a cutter and a tearing cutter.

[0047] Specifically, S1 includes:

[0048] S11, determine the tool parameters, which include: tool width, tool thickness and cutting angle.

[0049] S12, determine the soil parameters, which include: internal friction angle, cohesion and unit weight.

[0050] S13, Determine the operating conditions, which include: geological conditions and cutterhead size.

[0051] S2: Determine the tool arrangement parameters based on the front tool structure parameters and the working conditions; the tool arrangement parameters include: the number of tools, the range of overlap variation, and the radius range of the arrangement area.

[0052] S2 specifically includes:

[0053] S21: Determine the radius of the tool arrangement area based on the cutter head diameter, center cutter position, and edge cutter position, and calculate the number of tools.

[0054] Taking a large-diameter slurry cutterhead from a project in southern China as an example, the cutterhead diameter is 15.4m. Because the center cutter arrangement is singular and its position cannot be changed, and the edge cutters do not participate in the main cutting process, the edge cutters and center cutters are not considered in the cutter layout calculation. Only the arrangement range of the tearing cutter and the cutting cutter is considered, i.e., the calculation radius of the cutter layout is R = 2430mm to 7600mm. Considering the cutting cutter width and the requirement that the cutter cutting trajectory needs to cover the entire cutterhead, the number of tearing cutters and the cutting cutter can be calculated. The calculated number of cutters N is rounded up using the following formula:

[0055]

[0056] Where N is the number of cutting tools, ρ max ρ0 is the maximum radius of the cutting tool arrangement, ρb1 is the minimum radius of the cutting tool arrangement, and b1 is the cutting tool width. In this case, ρ0 = 2430 mm. max =7600mm.

[0057] Considering that the cutting paths of the tools need to have overlapping parts, the result is rounded up to N=24, which means that 24 replaceable tearing knives and 24 pairs of replaceable cutting knives under normal pressure are arranged.

[0058] S22: Due to the presence of edge cutters, the cutter with the largest arrangement radius will have different overlap with the edge cutters. Therefore, the range of overlap variation of the overall cutter tools can be determined by the following formula:

[0059] a min <a<a max .

[0060] Among them, a mina is the minimum overlap of the cutter blades. max denoted as the maximum overlap of the cutter, and 'a' as the cutting overlap of the cutter.

[0061] The formulas for determining the minimum and maximum overlap of the cutting blades are as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where b1 is the width of the cutting blade, ρ max ρ1 is the maximum radius of the tool arrangement, ρ1 is the radius of the first tool arrangement, and n is the tool number.

[0064] S23: Calculate the arrangement radius of the tearing blade and the cutting blade under different overlap parameters based on the cutting overlap amount of the cutting blade.

[0065] The replaceable ripper and the replaceable cutter are arranged in combination. Following the principle that the advance cutter is placed at the center of the cutter trajectory, the arrangement radius of the replaceable ripper is equal to the center radius of the replaceable cutter trajectory.

[0066] The formula for calculating the radius of the center arrangement of the cutting and tearing blade paths is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] ρ2 = ρ1 + b1 - a.

[0069] …

[0070] ρ n =ρ1+(n-1)(b1-a).

[0071] Where, ρ n Let b1 be the radius of the nth cutting tool, where n is the tool number and b1 is the cutting tool width.

[0072] Based on reference to multiple sets of mud and water cutterheads, the current variation range of cutter height difference H is generally 20-40mm, thus obtaining the range of cutter arrangement parameters (cutter height difference, overlap).

[0073] S3: Based on the cutting process of the tool and the tool arrangement parameters, establish a soil breaking volume model for the tool combination; the soil breaking volume model is used to determine the total soil breaking volume of the tool.

[0074] During the tunneling process, the cutterhead cutters act on the soil, causing the soil to break and fall. The soil then exerts a reaction force on the cutters. Therefore, from the perspective of the interaction between the cutters and the soil, the amount of soil broken and the magnitude of the resultant cutting force of the cutters are the direct results of the tunneling process.

[0075] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, based on the working mode of the cutting tools and analyzing the cutting process of the cutterhead rotation tunneling, and considering the synergistic effect of the cutting tools, a soil breaking volume model is established.

[0076] During the excavation of ultra-large diameter shield tunneling cutterheads, the tearing cutter and the cutting cutter work together to complete the rotational cutting of the soil along with the cutterhead. Before the cutting cutter cuts the soil, the tearing cutter will first contact and cut the soil into sections. That is, when the cutter contacts the soil, because the tearing cutter is higher than the cutting cutter, the tearing cutter will preferentially pre-damage the soil, forming a ring-shaped groove. This creates a good cutting environment for the cutting cutter, improves the fluidity and cutting efficiency of the soil, reduces the cutting force of the cutting cutter, and reduces the wear of the cutting cutter. When the cutting depth exceeds the height difference between the tearing cutter and the replaceable cutting cutter, the cutting cutter begins to cut the soil. As the shield tunneling cutterhead continues to advance forward, the tearing cutter and the cutting cutter maintain a joint cutting action. In each subsequent rotation cycle, the soil area cut by the cutting cutter is always the soil area after the action of the tearing cutter.

[0077] Based on actual engineering conditions, and considering the way the cutter interacts with the soil and analyzing the cutting process of the rotary cutterhead, soil-breaking volume models for both the cutting and tearing cutters are established. The soil-breaking volume of a replaceable cutter under normal pressure and one rotation is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] The soil breaking capacity of the replaceable ripper under normal pressure is:

[0080]

[0081] Where V1 is the soil breaking capacity of the cutter, V2 is the soil breaking capacity of the ripping cutter, N is the number of cutters, n is the cutter number, b1 is the cutter width, b2 is the ripping cutter thickness, A is the cutting depth, and ρ n Let H be the radius of the nth cutter, and H be the height difference between the cutter and the tearing cutter.

[0082] The total amount of soil removed is obtained by subtracting the soil removal volume from the cutting blade and the tearing blade. The formula for calculating the total amount of soil removed is:

[0083] V = V1 + V2.

[0084] Where V represents the total amount of soil excavated.

[0085] S4: In an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, based on Rankine's passive earth pressure theory and the cutting resistance model of tillage tools, combined with the synergistic effect of the tools and the cutting mechanism, a cutting force model of the tool combination is established; the cutting force model is used to determine the cutting force of the tools; the cutting force includes: tangential cutting force and vertical propulsion force.

[0086] S4 specifically includes:

[0087] S41: Analyze the cutting mechanism of the tool and the changes in soil morphology under different geological conditions.

[0088] The cutting mechanism of the advance cutter exhibits significant differences under varying geological conditions. As mentioned earlier, soil deformation follows specific patterns when the blade initially penetrates the soil. In hard soil or rock, due to the soil's inherent strength, the shear stress generated upon blade penetration must exceed the soil's shear strength to trigger failure. During this process, cracks typically appear first in the soil, gradually expanding over time until the soil fragments detach. Notably, the resistance to soil fragmentation decreases abruptly once the blade penetrates to a certain depth, a significant characteristic of cutting plastic soil. However, the situation differs markedly in looser soil. Because of its more dispersed structure and lower internal friction, the soil is more easily fragmented under relatively low shear stress when the advance cutter penetrates. Excavation in loose soil results in relatively low resistance and consequently, relatively low cutting force.

[0089] The morphology of the soil being cut is closely related to factors such as the shape of the cutting tool, the cutting angle, the penetration depth, the cutting speed, and the properties of the soil. Currently, the flow patterns of soil chips are mainly summarized into four types: flow type, fracture type, shear type, and stripping type. Generally speaking, for plastic strata, the cutting of the cutting tool usually exhibits a continuous cutting pattern without obvious cracks or overall fragmentation; for relatively loose strata, it generally exhibits overall fragmentation; for rock masses and hard soils with a high degree of consolidation, it is divided into two stages: the first stage is that the soil cracks under the action of the cutting tool, and the second stage is that the cracks extend until they separate from the parent material.

[0090] From a mechanical perspective, the process can be basically divided into two parts: the axial (digging direction) compressive force exerted by the cutter on the soil at the excavation face and the cutting force in the direction of the cutter head rotation (tangent to the cutter trajectory). This causes the soil to undergo shear failure under the cutting action, and the soil separates along the direction of the cutter edge. Under the compressive action, the separated soil deforms and separates from the soil to form soil debris, which flows along the front cutting edge of the cutter.

[0091] S42: Combining the synergistic effect of the cutting tools and the cutting mechanism, a cutting force model for the combined cutting tools is established based on the cutting resistance model, thereby obtaining the corresponding tangential cutting force and vertical propulsion force of the tearing tool and the cutting tool.

[0092] Based on Rankine's passive earth pressure theory and the cutting resistance model of tillage tools established by Mckyes-Ali, the above model divides the soil failure zone into a central failure zone and two crescent-shaped failure zones on the sides. However, considering that the soil breaking volume model is for the area where the cutter mainly contacts the soil, only the force exerted on the tool by the central failure zone is considered.

[0093] Force analysis of the failure zone at the center of the cutter: Based on the force balance in the horizontal and vertical directions, we have:

[0094]

[0095] Solving the equations simultaneously yields the force exerted by the cutter on the central failure zone.

[0096]

[0097] Where P1 is the force exerted by the cutter on the central failure zone, R is the force exerted by the side of the soil, G is the gravity of the central failure zone, Q is the additional force on the soil area, and c is the soil cohesion. a denoted as γ, where b is the adhesion force between the soil and the cutter, φ is the width of the central failure zone, A is the cutting depth, γ is the soil unit weight, q is the additional pressure on the central failure zone, δ1 is the cutting angle of the cutter, β is the failure angle of the failure surface, φ is the internal friction angle of the soil, and φ' is the friction angle between the soil and the cutter.

[0098] The formula for calculating the width of the central failure zone is as follows:

[0099] b = b1 - b2 - a.

[0100] Where b1 is the width of the cutting blade, b2 is the thickness of the tearing blade, and a is the overlap amount.

[0101] The reaction force of the cutting soil on the cutter is decomposed into tangential reaction force and vertical reaction force.

[0102]

[0103] Among them, P H1 P is the tangential reaction force exerted by the cutting tool on the soil. V1 This refers to the vertical reaction force exerted by the cutting tool on the soil.

[0104] The ultimate bearing capacity of soil is calculated based on the theory of ultimate bearing capacity of soil.

[0105]

[0106] Where, p u1 N1 represents the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil when the cutter acts on it, and N2 represents the first ultimate bearing capacity coefficient and the second ultimate bearing capacity coefficient.

[0107] Force analysis of the cutter in the X and Y directions is performed to obtain the vertical propulsion force and horizontal cutting force of the cutter. The calculation formulas are as follows:

[0108]

[0109] Among them, F V1F is the vertical thrust of the cutter, l1 is the arc projection width of the cutter blade, and F is the vertical thrust of the cutter. H1 denoted as σ, where σ is the horizontal cutting force of the cutter, and μ is the coefficient of friction.

[0110] The above is the force analysis of the soil under the action of the cutter. The tearing blade acts on the soil in a similar way to the cutter, so the force model of the tearing blade cutting force can be obtained in the same way.

[0111] The formula for calculating the force exerted by the ripping tool on the central failure zone is as follows:

[0112]

[0113] Where P2 is the force exerted by the tearing blade on the central failure zone, φ” is the friction angle between the soil and the tearing blade, and δ2 is the cutting angle of the tearing blade.

[0114] The reaction force of the cutting soil on the tearing tool is decomposed into tangential reaction force and vertical reaction force, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] Among them, P H2 P is the tangential reaction force exerted by the cutting soil on the tearing tool. V2 This refers to the vertical reaction force exerted by the cutting soil on the tearing blade.

[0117] The ultimate bearing capacity of soil is calculated based on the theory of ultimate bearing capacity of soil when a tearing tool is applied to the soil.

[0118]

[0119] Where, p u2 This refers to the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil when the tearing tool is applied to it.

[0120] Force analysis of the tearing blade in the X and Y directions yields the horizontal cutting force and the vertical propulsion force, calculated using the following formulas:

[0121]

[0122] Among them, F H2 F is the horizontal cutting force of the tearing tool. V2 This is the vertical propulsion force of the tearing blade.

[0123] Further calculations yielded the tangential cutting force and vertical feed force of the tool assembly, using the following formulas:

[0124] F H =F H1 +F H2 .

[0125] F V =F V1 +FV2 .

[0126] Among them, F H For tangential cutting force, F V It is a vertical propulsive force.

[0127] S5: In an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a cutting efficiency model is established based on the soil breaking volume model and the cutting force model; the cutting efficiency model is used to determine the cutting efficiency based on the total soil breaking volume and the cutting force; the cutting efficiency is the energy consumed by the cutter head to cut a unit of soil in one rotation cycle.

[0128] During tunneling, the amount of soil breached and the resultant cutting force of the cutterhead within one rotation cycle are direct results of the cutterhead's actions during tunneling. Based on separate models of soil breach volume and cutting force, the cutting efficiency of the cutter combination is defined as the energy consumed by the cutterhead to cut a unit volume of soil within one rotation cycle. The definition of cutting efficiency is as follows:

[0129]

[0130] Where E is the cutting efficiency, kJ / m 3 F V The vertical thrust is A, the depth of cut is N, the number of tools is n, and the tool number is ρ. n Let F be the radius of the nth tool's arrangement. H V represents the tangential cutting force, and V represents the total amount of soil excavated.

[0131] S6: In an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, based on the cutting performance model, the cutting performance under different tool arrangement parameters is determined, and the tool arrangement parameter with the highest cutting performance is taken as the optimal arrangement scheme.

[0132] Based on the obtained soil breaking volume and cutting force results, the cutting efficiency results under different combination arrangement parameters are obtained by substituting them into the cutting efficiency model, and then the optimal tool combination arrangement parameters are obtained.

[0133] This application provides a method for optimizing the cutter arrangement of a slurry shield tunneling cutterhead. This method addresses the complex working conditions of large-diameter slurry shield tunneling projects, such as long construction distances and large excavation faces, and aims to improve the tunneling efficiency of the slurry shield tunneling cutterhead by addressing the engineering problem of low shield excavation efficiency. From the perspective of cutter combination arrangement, it provides an optimal arrangement method for the tearing cutter and the cutting cutter of the slurry shield tunneling cutterhead.

[0134] This application aligns with actual engineering practices, prioritizing the synergistic effect of the tearing and cutting blades during the tunneling process, making the model more realistic. Furthermore, the amount of soil breached and the cutting force are direct results of the frontal cutting tools' action on the soil. The cutting efficiency model in this application fully integrates the soil breaching and cutting force models, effectively evaluating different tool combination layout parameters and ensuring the effectiveness of the cutting efficiency model.

[0135] The cutting force model in this application is based on the cutting resistance model of tillage tools established by Mckyes-Ali. It divides the soil failure area into a central failure area and two crescent-shaped failure areas on the sides. However, according to the object of study in the soil breaking volume model, the side crescent-shaped failure areas, which have little influence and are computationally complex, are ignored. Overall, the cutting efficiency calculation model is a mathematical theoretical model based on theoretical derivation and combined with engineering practice. It is superior to other optimization methods in terms of calculation efficiency and has high calculation efficiency. It is suitable for the tool combination arrangement of various slurry cutterhead tearing blades and cutting blades.

[0136] In one exemplary embodiment, a cutter optimization arrangement system for a slurry shield tunneling cutterhead is provided, comprising:

[0137] The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the structural parameters and working conditions of the front cutting tool; the front cutting tool includes: a cutting tool and a tearing tool; the structural parameters of the front cutting tool include: tool width, tool thickness and cutting angle; the working conditions include: geological conditions and tool head size.

[0138] The arrangement parameter determination module is used to determine the tool arrangement parameters based on the front tool structure parameters and the working conditions; the tool arrangement parameters include: the number of tools, the range of overlap variation, and the radius range of the arrangement area.

[0139] The soil breaking volume model establishment module is used to establish a soil breaking volume model of the tool combination based on the cutting process of the tool and the tool arrangement parameters; the soil breaking volume model is used to determine the total soil breaking volume of the tool.

[0140] The cutting force model building module is used to establish a cutting force model of the tool combination based on Rankine's passive earth pressure theory, the cutting resistance model of the tillage tool, and the synergistic effect and cutting mechanism of the tool. The cutting force model is used to determine the cutting force of the tool. The cutting force includes: tangential cutting force and vertical propulsion force.

[0141] The cutting efficiency model establishment module is used to establish a cutting efficiency model based on the soil breaking volume model and the cutting force model; the cutting efficiency model is used to determine the cutting efficiency based on the total soil breaking volume and the cutting force; the cutting efficiency is the energy consumed by the cutter head to cut a unit of soil in one rotation cycle.

[0142] The layout scheme determination module is used to determine the cutting performance under different tool combination layout parameters based on the cutting performance model, and to take the tool layout parameters with the highest cutting performance as the optimal layout scheme.

[0143] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0144] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the arrangement of cutters of a slurry shield cutterhead, characterized in that, The cutter optimization arrangement method of the slurry shield cutter head comprises the following steps: Obtaining front cutter structure parameters and working condition parameters; the front cutter comprises a cutting knife and a tearing knife; the front cutter structure parameters comprise a cutter width, a cutter thickness and a cutting angle; the working condition parameters comprise geological conditions and a cutter head size; According to the front cutter structure parameters and the working condition parameters, cutter arrangement parameters are determined; the cutter arrangement parameters comprise a cutter number, an overlap amount variation range and a radius range of an arrangement area; According to a cutting process of the cutter and the cutter arrangement parameters, a soil breaking amount model of a cutter combination is established; the soil breaking amount model is used to determine a total soil breaking amount of the cutter; According to Rankine's passive earth pressure theory, a cutting force model of the cutter combination is established based on a tillage cutter cutting resistance model, combined with a synergistic effect and a cutting mechanism of the cutter; the cutting force model is used to determine a cutting force of the cutter; the cutting force comprises a tangential cutting force and a vertical pushing force; According to the soil breaking amount model and the cutting force model, a cutting efficiency model is established; the cutting efficiency model is used to determine a cutting efficiency according to the total soil breaking amount and the cutting force; the cutting efficiency is an energy consumed by the cutter head for cutting a unit of soil in one rotation cycle; According to the cutting efficiency model, the cutting efficiency under different cutter combination arrangement parameters is determined, and a cutter arrangement parameter with the highest cutting efficiency is taken as an optimal arrangement scheme; According to the front cutter structure parameters and the working condition parameters, cutter arrangement parameters are determined, specifically comprising: Using the formula determining the number of tools; wherein, is the number of tools, is the maximum placement radius of the tools, is the minimum placement radius of the tools, is the width of the cutting tool; Using the formula and the formula The minimum and maximum overlap of the cutting tool is determined; the range of the overlap of the cutting tool is ; wherein is the minimum overlap of the cutting tool, is the width of the cutting tool, is the maximum arrangement radius of the cutting tool, is the arrangement radius of the first cutting tool, is the cutting tool number, is the maximum overlap of the cutting tool, is the cutting overlap of the cutting tool; Using the formula determining the first the arrangement radius of the tool; wherein, for the first the arrangement radius of the tool, for the tool number, for the cutting tool width; According to Rankine's passive earth pressure theory, a cutting force model of the cutter combination is established based on a tillage cutter cutting resistance model, combined with a synergistic effect and a cutting mechanism of the cutter, specifically comprising: The cutting force model of the tool combination is established by using the formula and the formula ​ wherein, is the tangential cutting force, is the horizontal cutting force of the cutter, is the tangential reaction force of the soil on the cutter, is the friction coefficient, is the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil when the cutter acts on the soil, is the cutter width, is the tear cutter thickness, is the cutting overlap of the cutter, is the cutter blade circular arc projection width, is the horizontal cutting force of the tear cutter, , is the tangential reaction force of the soil on the tear cutter, is the friction coefficient, is the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil when the tear cutter acts on the soil, is the tear cutter thickness, is the tear cutter blade circular arc projection width, is the vertical pushing force, is the vertical pushing force of the cutter, , is the vertical reaction force of the soil on the cutter, is the vertical pushing force of the tear cutter, , is the vertical reaction force of the soil on the tear cutter.

2. The method for optimizing the arrangement of cutters of a slurry shield cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter number of the cutting knife and the tearing knife is the same as the radius range of the arrangement area.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, According to a cutting process of the cutter and the cutter arrangement parameters, a soil breaking amount model of a cutter combination is established, specifically comprising: The formula is determining a soil breaking amount model; wherein, is a cutting tool soil breaking amount, , is a number of tools, is a tool number, is a cutting tool width, is a tearing tool thickness, is a cutting depth, is a first, is a tool arrangement radius, is a tearing tool soil breaking amount, , is a cutting tool and tearing tool height difference, is a total soil breaking amount.

4. The method for optimizing the arrangement of cutters of a slurry shield cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein, According to the soil breaking amount model and the cutting force model, a cutting efficiency model is established, specifically comprising: Using the formula a cutting performance model is established; wherein, is the cutting performance, is the vertical thrust force, is the cutting depth, is the number of tools, is the tool number, is the first the arrangement radius of the tool, is the tangential cutting force, is the total amount of soil breaking.

5. A system for optimizing the arrangement of cutters of a slurry shield cutterhead, for implementing the method for optimizing the arrangement of cutters of a slurry shield cutterhead according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The cutter optimization arrangement system of the slurry shield cutter head comprises the following steps: A parameter acquisition module is configured to obtain front cutter structure parameters and working condition parameters; the front cutter comprises a cutting knife and a tearing knife; the front cutter structure parameters comprise a cutter width, a cutter thickness and a cutting angle; the working condition parameters comprise geological conditions and a cutter head size; An arrangement parameter determination module is configured to determine cutter arrangement parameters according to the front cutter structure parameters and the working condition parameters; the cutter arrangement parameters comprise a cutter number, an overlap amount variation range and a radius range of an arrangement area; A soil breaking amount model establishment module is configured to establish a soil breaking amount model of a cutter combination according to a cutting process of the cutter and the cutter arrangement parameters; the soil breaking amount model is used to determine a total soil breaking amount of the cutter; A cutting force model establishment module is configured to establish a cutting force model of the cutter combination according to Rankine's passive earth pressure theory, based on a tillage cutter cutting resistance model, combined with a synergistic effect and a cutting mechanism of the cutter; the cutting force model is used to determine a cutting force of the cutter; the cutting force comprises a tangential cutting force and a vertical pushing force; The cutting efficiency model establishing module is configured to establish a cutting efficiency model according to the soil breaking amount model and the cutting force model; the cutting efficiency model is configured to determine cutting efficiency according to the total soil breaking amount and the cutting force; the cutting efficiency is the energy consumed by the cutter head for cutting unit soil in one rotation cycle; The arrangement scheme determining module is configured to determine the cutting efficiency under different cutter combination arrangement parameters according to the cutting efficiency model, and determine the cutter arrangement parameter with the highest cutting efficiency as the optimal arrangement scheme.

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