Method and device for starting glass curing treatment of radioactive waste

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, and provides a starting method and device for glass solidification treatment of radioactive waste, and the starting method comprises the steps: determining the maximum height size of solidified glass which can be heated to an initial conductive temperature through a skin effect in a melting cavity of a cold crucible as a first height; solidified glass is added into the melting cavity, the height size of the solidified glass is a second height, and the second height does not exceed the first height; irradiating an energy beam to the top surface of the cured glass to heat the cured glass until at least part of the cured glass at the top melts and reaches an initial conductive temperature; and placing the cured glass in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to heat the cured glass until the cured glass is completely molten. The energy beam is irradiated on the surface of the solidified glass to melt the solidified glass, the solidified glass is heated in a heat radiation mode, the solidified glass is not in direct contact with a cold crucible in the heating process, and the starting stability and safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, and in particular to a method and device for starting vitrification treatment of radioactive waste. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, the cold crucible glass solidification technology is often used to solidify radioactive waste. In the cold crucible glass solidification technology, an induction coil is wound around the cold crucible, and the induction coil is connected to a high-frequency power supply to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, which heats the material in the cold crucible.

[0003] The premise for the cold crucible to achieve high-frequency alternating magnetic field induction heating is that the heated material has conductivity. However, the conductivity of glass at room temperature is very poor, so the glass needs to be heated from room temperature to a molten state in order to be heated by the subsequent high-frequency alternating magnetic field. This is the start-up process of the cold crucible glass solidification process.

[0004] In the related art, the startup process usually requires an external heating source to first form a "seed zone" formed by partially melted glass in the glass in the cold crucible. The "seed zone" absorbs the energy of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and gradually expands, eventually achieving the melting of all the glass. Generally, a small amount of glass is melted to form a "seed zone" by burning solid materials such as graphite rings. However, the graphite ring may fuse, which may cause startup failure; and during the startup process, the graphite ring may shift in position and contact the wall of the cold crucible, resulting in electrical breakdown of the wall and water leakage. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application embodiment is intended to provide a method for starting a vitrification treatment of radioactive waste and a vitrification treatment device, so as to improve the success rate of starting a vitrification treatment. The starting method comprises:

[0006] Determine the maximum height dimension of the solidified glass that can be heated to the initial conductive temperature in the melting cavity of the cold crucible through the skin effect as the first height;

[0007] Adding the solidified glass into the melting cavity, wherein the height of the solidified glass is a second height, and the second height does not exceed the first height;

[0008] irradiating an energy beam to the top surface of the solidified glass to heat the solidified glass until at least a portion of the solidified glass at the top melts and reaches an initial conductive temperature;

[0009] The solidified glass is placed in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to heat the solidified glass until the solidified glass is completely melted.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second height is equal to the first height.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of placing the solidified glass in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to completely melt the solidified glass comprises:

[0012] The high-frequency alternating current forming the high-frequency alternating magnetic field is adjusted to a first preset value until the solidified glass is completely melted.

[0013] In some embodiments, after adjusting the high-frequency alternating current that forms the high-frequency alternating magnetic field to a first preset value, the starting method further includes:

[0014] The current value of the high-frequency alternating current continues to increase until the current value of the high-frequency alternating current reaches a second preset value.

[0015] In some embodiments, after adjusting the high-frequency alternating current that forms the high-frequency alternating magnetic field to a first preset value, the starting method further includes:

[0016] The energy beam is stopped from being irradiated to the top surface of the solidified glass.

[0017] In some embodiments, after placing the solidified glass in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, the starting method further comprises:

[0018] The solidified glass in a molten state is stirred.

[0019] In some embodiments, the solidified glass is borosilicate glass, and the initial conductive temperature is 800-1000°C.

[0020] In some embodiments, the energy beam is a plasma beam, an electron beam or a laser beam.

[0021] In some embodiments, the diameter of the cross section of the melting cavity perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the energy beam is a first size, and the energy beam is a laser beam;

[0022] Irradiating the top surface of the solidified glass with an energy beam specifically includes:

[0023] The spot diameter of the laser beam is adjusted to a second size, wherein the second size is smaller than the first size and larger than half of the first size.

[0024] In some embodiments, the energy beam is a laser beam, and irradiating the energy beam to the top surface of the solidified glass specifically includes:

[0025] Adjust the power density of the laser beam to 20w / cm 2 -60 w / cm 2 .

[0026] The startup method for glass solidification treatment of radioactive waste provided in the embodiment of the present application first melts the solidified glass by irradiating an energy beam onto the surface of the solidified glass, and heats the solidified glass by thermal radiation. During the heating process, the solidified glass will not directly contact the cold crucible, which is beneficial to improving the controllability and safety of the heating process, improving the stability and safety of the startup, avoiding the risk of electrical breakdown of the crucible wall that may be caused by methods such as burning graphite rings to heat the solidified glass, and can shorten the waiting time of the operating process and improve the startup efficiency.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application further provides a device for treating radioactive waste by vitrification, which uses any of the above starting methods to perform the treatment. The device for treating radioactive waste by vitrification includes:

[0028] A cold crucible, comprising the melting chamber, the melting chamber being used to contain the solidified glass;

[0029] an energy beam emitting device, detachably disposed on the cold crucible, for irradiating the energy beam to the solidified glass in the melting chamber;

[0030] A high-frequency alternating power supply and an induction coil, wherein the induction coil is surrounded to form an induction space, the cold crucible is arranged in the induction space, and the high-frequency alternating power supply is electrically connected to the induction coil so that the induction coil can generate a high-frequency induction magnetic field.

[0031] The radioactive waste vitrification treatment device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned starting method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for starting a vitrification treatment of radioactive waste in one embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a glass solidification processing device in an embodiment of the present application, wherein all solidified glass is in a solid state;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the glass solidification processing device shown, wherein part of the solidified glass is in a molten state;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The schematic structural diagram of the glass solidification processing device shown is that all the solidified glass is in a molten state.

[0036] Description of Reference Numerals

[0037] 100, glass solidification treatment device; 10, cold crucible; 10a, melting chamber; 10b, discharge port; 10c, cooling channel; 20, energy beam emitting device; 21, output head; H, second height; 30, induction coil; 30a, induction space; D1, first size; D2, second size; G, solidified glass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following embodiments of the present application are further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "exemplarily", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine different embodiments or examples described in this application and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0040] In the related art, when the radioactive waste is vitrified, it is necessary to melt part of the solidified glass first, so that the molten part of the solidified glass can conduct electricity under the action of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field, and then continue to gradually expand the melting area until it is completely melted under the action of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field. In the related art, a small amount of glass is melted by melting a graphite ring to start, which may cause failures such as start-up interruption and electrical breakdown of the crucible wall.

[0041] In view of this, please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a method for starting a vitrification treatment of radioactive waste, which can reduce the possibility of failure during startup. The startup method includes:

[0042] S1: Determine the maximum height dimension of the solidified glass G that can be heated to the initial conductive temperature in the melting cavity 10a of the cold crucible 10 by the skin effect as the first height;

[0043] S2: adding solidified glass G into the melting cavity 10a, wherein the height of the solidified glass G is a second height H, and the second height H does not exceed the first height;

[0044] S3: irradiating an energy beam to the top surface of the solidified glass G to heat the solidified glass G until at least a portion of the solidified glass G at the top melts and reaches an initial conductive temperature;

[0045] S4: placing the solidified glass G in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to heat the solidified glass G until the solidified glass G is completely melted.

[0046] The melting chamber is used to contain the solidified glass G, and after the solidified glass G is melted, radioactive waste can be added into the melting chamber so that the radioactive waste and the melted solidified glass G are mixed.

[0047] Solidified glass G refers to the glass used to solidify and seal radioactive waste.

[0048] Skin effect refers to the phenomenon that the current distribution inside the conductor is uneven when there is alternating current or alternating electromagnetic field in the conductor. As the distance from the conductor surface increases, the current density in the conductor decreases exponentially, that is, the current in the conductor will be concentrated on the surface of the conductor.

[0049] It can be understood that, due to the skin effect, the surface of the solidified glass G in the melting chamber 10a is heated better by the high-frequency alternating magnetic field than the inner region thereof.

[0050] See also Figure 2-Figure 4 , shows a device for glass solidification treatment of radioactive waste, which can be used for the start-up method of glass solidification treatment of radioactive waste provided in the embodiment of the present application. Wherein, G1 represents solidified glass G, and G2 represents molten solidified glass G.

[0051] Different parameters of the cold crucible 10, solidified glass G, and induction coil 30 have different induction heating effects. That is to say, when the parameters such as the volume of the cold crucible 10, the material of the solidified glass G, and the power of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field are determined, if the height of the solidified glass G exceeds the first height, even if the surface of the solidified glass G is melted, the high-frequency alternating magnetic field has a poor induction heating effect on the surface of the solidified glass G, resulting in the heat generated by the part of the solidified glass G close to the surface being insufficient to continue to diffuse the molten part of the solidified glass G, and even due to the heat dissipation and the absorption of heat by the solid solidified glass G, the melted solidified glass G may re-solidify.

[0052] Therefore, the first height is obtained by calculation, and the height dimension of the solidified glass G in the melting chamber, i.e., the second height H, is limited to not more than the first height. By using a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to allow the solidified glass G to continue to expand the melting part, the possibility of startup failure can be reduced.

[0053] For example, COMSOL Multiphysics (multi-physics simulation software) and Ansys Fluent (fluid simulation software) can be used to perform simulation to obtain the first height. Specifically, simulation analysis can be performed based on the diameter of the cross section of the melting chamber 10a perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the energy beam, the height of the melting chamber 10a along the irradiation direction of the energy beam, the diameter and number of turns of the induction coil 30, the gap between each induction coil 30, the relative magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity of the cold crucible 10, and the material, electrical conductivity and temperature curve of the solidified glass G, to obtain the first height.

[0054] The portion forming the top surface of the solidified glass G is heated by the energy beam in a thermal radiation manner until the portion of the solidified glass G is melted and reaches an initial conduction temperature.

[0055] The initial conductive temperature refers to the temperature at which the liquid solidified glass G becomes conductive.

[0056] High-frequency alternating magnetic field refers to a magnetic field whose polarity changes rapidly.

[0057] After the top portion of the solidified glass G is partially melted, under the action of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field, the melted solidified glass G continuously and rapidly cuts the magnetic flux lines, thereby generating eddy current electricity. Under the influence of the internal resistance of the melted solidified glass G, the melted solidified glass G continuously generates heat. Since the top portion of the solidified glass G forms the entire top surface of the solidified glass G, its heating effect is more obvious based on the skin effect. Therefore, the melted solidified glass G continuously heats up and transfers heat to the surrounding solid solidified glass G in the form of heat exchange, so that more solid solidified glass G melts and further heats up through the action of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field. In this way, the portion of the melted solidified glass G continues to expand until all the solidified glass G is melted.

[0058] The starting method for glass solidification treatment of radioactive waste provided in the embodiment of the present application first melts the solidified glass G by irradiating an energy beam to the surface of the solidified glass G, and heats the solidified glass G by thermal radiation. During the heating process, the solidified glass G will not directly contact the cold crucible, which is beneficial to improving the controllability and safety of the heating process, improving the stability and safety of the startup, avoiding the risk of electrical breakdown of the crucible wall that may be caused by methods such as burning graphite rings to heat the solidified glass G with solid materials, and can shorten the waiting time of the operating process and improve the startup efficiency.

[0059] It can be understood that step S3 and step S4 can be performed simultaneously, or step S3 can be performed before step S4.

[0060] There is no limitation on the specific method for determining whether at least a portion of the solidified glass G on the top reaches the initial conductive temperature. Exemplarily, the temperature of the top surface of the solidified glass G is obtained by an infrared thermometer until it is determined that the temperature reaches the initial conductive temperature.

[0061] In some embodiments, the solidified glass G is borosilicate glass, and the initial conductive temperature is 800-1000° C. (Celsius).

[0062] Borosilicate glass is a glass with silicon dioxide and boron oxide as its main components. It is easy to melt quickly, which is beneficial to increase the startup speed and quickly expand the molten solidified glass G. At the same time, it has good thermal stability, which is convenient for solidifying and treating radioactive waste to reduce the risk of radioactive waste leakage.

[0063] The type of energy beam is not limited, as long as it can irradiate the surface of the solidified glass G and heat the surface of the solidified glass G to a molten state and reach the initial conductive temperature. Exemplarily, the energy beam can be a plasma beam, an electron beam, or a laser beam. These types of energy beams have the characteristics of concentrated propagation direction and high energy density, which is convenient for improving the efficiency of radiating energy to the solidified glass G and increasing the melting speed of the solidified glass G.

[0064] In some embodiments, the energy beam is a laser beam, and irradiating the energy beam to the top surface of the solidified glass G specifically includes: adjusting the power density of the laser beam to 20w / cm 2 -60 w / cm 2 .

[0065] For example, the solidified glass G is borosilicate glass, and the power density of the laser beam during emission is adjusted to 20 w / cm 2 -60 w / cm 2 , so that the borosilicate glass can reach the initial conductive temperature.

[0066] Within the above power density range, the irradiated area of ​​the solidified glass G can be melted smoothly, the expansion speed of the melted solidified glass G area is increased, and the energy consumption is also controlled.

[0067] In some embodiments, the second height H is equal to the first height. In this way, when the high-frequency AC magnetic field induction requirement provided by the induction coil 30 is met, the surface of the solidified glass G can continue to expand after being melted under the action of the energy beam. As much solidified glass G as possible can be melted at one time, reducing the number of times of subsequent addition of solidified glass G, which is conducive to solidifying more radioactive waste at one time and improving the treatment efficiency of radioactive waste.

[0068] In some embodiments, placing the solidified glass G in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to completely melt the solidified glass G includes: adjusting the high-frequency alternating current forming the high-frequency alternating magnetic field to a first preset value until the solidified glass G is completely melted.

[0069] Exemplarily, an induction coil 30 is disposed outside the cold crucible 10, and the induction coil 30 is connected to a high-frequency AC power supply, and a high-frequency alternating current is provided to the induction coil 30 by the high-frequency AC power supply to form a high-frequency AC magnetic field. The power of the high-frequency AC power supply is increased so that the high-frequency alternating current reaches a first preset value, and when the high-frequency alternating current can reach the first preset value, it is considered that the startup is successful. That is to say, after the high-frequency alternating current can reach the first preset value, the already melted solidified glass G can continue to expand the melting area under the action of the high-frequency AC magnetic field, so that all the solidified glass G in the melting cavity 10a is melted.

[0070] Exemplarily, the cross section of the melting chamber 10a perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the energy beam is circular and has a diameter of 650 mm (millimetre), and the first preset value is 800 A (ampere). When heated to a current of 800 A, the solidified glass G is completely melted.

[0071] It is understandable that, in the process of the melting part of the solidified glass G continuously expanding, due to the cooling effect of the cold crucible, the solidified glass G may not be completely melted, and its heat absorption and heat loss may reach a balance, and the melting part cannot continue to expand.

[0072] In some embodiments, after adjusting the high-frequency alternating current that forms the high-frequency alternating magnetic field to a first preset value, the starting method further includes: continuing to increase the current value of the high-frequency alternating current until the current value of the high-frequency alternating current reaches a second preset value. After the current value of the high-frequency alternating current reaches the second preset value, the solidified glass G can continue to melt, and the current value of the high-frequency alternating current stops increasing.

[0073] By continuing to increase the current value of the high-frequency alternating current, the molten solidified glass G can generate more heat per unit time under the action of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field. On the one hand, it is beneficial to increase the expansion speed of the melting area of ​​the solid glass. On the other hand, it reduces the probability of the solid glass stopping the expansion of the melting area due to heat loss, which is beneficial to completely melt the solidified glass G in the melting cavity.

[0074] It can be understood that the second preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0075] Exemplarily, the cross-section of the melting chamber 10a perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the energy beam is circular and has a diameter of 650 mm. The first preset value is 800A, and the second preset value is 1100A. When the heating current is 800A, the power of the high-frequency AC power supply continues to increase to completely melt the solidified glass G. When it increases to 1100A, the power of the high-frequency AC power supply can be stopped.

[0076] In some embodiments, after the high-frequency alternating current that forms the high-frequency alternating magnetic field is adjusted to a first preset value, the starting method further includes: stopping irradiating the energy beam to the top surface of the solidified glass G. Since the high-frequency alternating current has reached the first preset value, the already melted solidified glass G can continue to expand the melted area under the action of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field, and stopping irradiating the energy beam to the top surface of the solidified glass G saves energy.

[0077] In some embodiments, after placing the solidified glass G in the high-frequency alternating magnetic field, the starting method further includes: stirring the molten solidified glass G. Stirring can enable heat exchange between different regions of the molten solidified glass G in the cold crucible 10, reduce the temperature difference between different regions in the molten solidified glass G, and help to enhance the heat generated by electromagnetic induction, reduce the size of the relatively stopped fluid layer of the molten solid glass itself during the heat convection process, and help to increase the temperature of the molten solidified glass G in contact with the solid solidified glass G, thereby helping to increase the expansion speed of the region of the molten solidified glass G.

[0078] In some embodiments, after placing the solidified glass G in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to heat the solidified glass G until the solidified glass G is completely melted, radioactive waste and the solidified glass G are added into the melting chamber 10 a .

[0079] In some embodiments, after the step of adding radioactive waste and solidified glass G into the melting chamber 10a, a mixture of part of the radioactive waste and the molten solidified glass G in the melting chamber 10a is discharged after a preset time, and radioactive waste and solidified glass G continue to be added into the melting chamber 10a.

[0080] The discharged radioactive waste and molten solidified glass G are solidified after cooling and stored in a radioactive waste storage facility to ensure the safe isolation of the radioactive waste.

[0081] For some examples, see Figure 1 , the diameter of the cross section of the melting cavity 10a perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the energy beam is a first size D1, and the energy beam is a laser beam; irradiating the energy beam to the top surface of the solidified glass G specifically includes: adjusting the spot diameter of the laser beam to a second size D2, and the second size D2 is smaller than the first size D1 and larger than half of the first size D1.

[0082] Adjusting the spot diameter of the laser beam so that the spot diameter is smaller than the diameter of the cross section of the melting cavity 10a perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the energy beam can avoid damage to the crucible wall of the cold crucible 10 caused by the spot diameter being too large; making the spot diameter larger than half of the diameter can reduce the possibility that the laser beam spot diameter is too small to melt the solidified glass G, and the melting speed is too slow to affect the starting efficiency.

[0083] Exemplarily, the cross-sectional shape of the cold crucible perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the energy beam is circular, and the irradiation position of the energy beam is aligned with the center of the cold crucible.

[0084] The present application also provides a radioactive waste vitrification treatment device 100, see Figure 2-Figure 4 , using any of the starting methods of the embodiments of the present application to perform solidification treatment, the glass solidification treatment device 100 includes a cold crucible 10, an energy beam emitting device 20, a high-frequency alternating power supply and an induction coil 30. The cold crucible 10 includes a melting chamber 10a, and the melting chamber 10a is used to accommodate the solidified glass G; the energy beam emitting device 20 is detachably arranged on the cold crucible 10, and is used to irradiate the energy beam to the solidified glass G in the melting chamber 10a; the induction coil 30 is surrounded to form an induction space 30a, and the cold crucible 10 is arranged in the induction space 30a. The high-frequency alternating power supply is electrically connected to the induction coil 30, so that the induction coil 30 can generate a high-frequency induction magnetic field.

[0085] After the high-frequency alternating power source is turned on, a high-frequency alternating magnetic field can be formed in the induction space 30a to heat the solidified glass G in a molten state in the cold crucible.

[0086] It is understandable that after the high-frequency alternating power supply is turned on, the output current is gradually increased in a step-by-step manner to reduce the risk of overload of the high-frequency alternating power supply.

[0087] In some embodiments, the cold crucible 10 includes a crucible body and a crucible cover, wherein the crucible body has a receiving groove, the top of the receiving groove is open, and the crucible cover can be covered at the open position of the receiving groove to form a melting cavity 10a. The crucible cover of the cold crucible 10 has a fixing hole penetrating in the vertical direction, and the output head 21 of the energy beam emitting device 20 can be inserted into the fixing hole. By adjusting the position of the output head 21 relative to the fixing hole so that the output head 21 moves along the direction of energy beam emission, the diameter of the light spot formed by the energy beam irradiating on the solidified glass G can be adjusted.

[0088] Exemplarily, the energy beam emitting device 20 may be a plasma beam emitting device, an electron beam emitting device or a laser beam generator.

[0089] After the energy beam emitting device 20 is started, its output power density is gradually increased in a step-by-step manner to reduce the risk of overload of the energy beam emitting device 20 .

[0090] Exemplarily, the cold crucible 10 has a discharge port 10 b communicated with the melting chamber 10 a for discharging the calcined radioactive waste and the molten solidified glass G.

[0091] Exemplarily, the cold crucible 10 has a cooling channel 10c, which is located between the inner wall of the containing tank and the outer surface of the crucible body. The cooling channel 10c has an inlet and an outlet connected to the outside of the cold crucible 10, which are used to introduce different cooling media into the cooling channel 10c, so as to facilitate the cold crucible 10 to hold high-temperature molten solid glass without damage.

[0092] In some embodiments, the glass solidification processing device 100 further includes a stirring device, which includes a driver and a stirring blade, and the driver is connected to the stirring blade to drive the stirring blade to move. After a portion of the solidified glass G is melted, the driver can drive the stirring blade to extend into the molten solidified glass G and drive the stirring blade to move in the molten solidified glass G to stir the molten solidified glass G. Stirring can enable heat exchange between different areas of the molten solidified glass G in the cold crucible 10, enhance electromagnetic induction, and reduce the relatively stopped fluid layer during the thermal convection process.

[0093] The startup method provided in this application is described below using a specific embodiment as an example.

[0094] The glass solidification treatment device 100 is selected for startup, wherein the diameter of the cross section of the melting cavity 10a of the cold crucible 10 perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the energy beam is 650 mm;

[0095] Through simulations performed with COMSOL Multiphysics and Ansys Fluent software, it is found that the maximum height dimension, i.e., the first height, of the solidified glass G that can be heated to the initial conductive temperature in the melting cavity 10a of the cold crucible 10 by the skin effect;

[0096] The height of adding the solidified glass G with borosilicate glass is the first height;

[0097] Turn on the laser beam emitting device and high-frequency alternating power supply, and adjust the power density of the laser beam to 20w / cm 2 -60 w / cm 2 within a range and irradiating the laser to the top surface of the solidified glass G;

[0098] Stepwise increase of the current of the high-frequency alternating power supply;

[0099] When the current of the high-frequency alternating power supply is 800A, the current of the high-frequency alternating power supply is continued to be increased, and the cold crucible 10 is considered to be started successfully; when the current of the high-frequency alternating power supply is continued to be increased to 1100A, the laser beam emitting device is turned off and the current of the high-frequency alternating power supply is stopped from being increased.

[0100] After confirming that the solidified glass G is completely melted, add radioactive waste and solidified glass G in the melting chamber 10a. After reaching the preset time, discharge the mixture of part of the radioactive waste and the molten solidified glass G in the melting chamber 10a, and continue to add radioactive waste and solidified glass G in the melting chamber 10a. The discharged mixture of radioactive waste and molten solidified glass G.

[0101] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for starting vitrification treatment of radioactive waste, characterized in that: The startup method comprises: Determine the maximum height dimension of the solidified glass that can be heated to the initial conductive temperature in the melting cavity of the cold crucible through the skin effect as the first height; Adding the solidified glass into the melting cavity, wherein the height of the solidified glass is a second height, and the second height does not exceed the first height; irradiating an energy beam to the top surface of the solidified glass to heat the solidified glass until at least a portion of the solidified glass at the top melts and reaches an initial conductive temperature; The solidified glass is placed in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to heat the solidified glass until the solidified glass is completely melted.

2. The startup method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second height is equal to the first height.

3. The startup method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of placing the solidified glass in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to completely melt the solidified glass comprises: The high-frequency alternating current forming the high-frequency alternating magnetic field is adjusted to a first preset value until the solidified glass is completely melted.

4. The startup method according to claim 3, characterized in that: After adjusting the high-frequency alternating current that forms the high-frequency alternating magnetic field to a first preset value, the starting method further includes: The current value of the high-frequency alternating current continues to increase until the current value of the high-frequency alternating current reaches a second preset value.

5. The startup method according to claim 3, characterized in that: After adjusting the high-frequency alternating current that forms the high-frequency alternating magnetic field to a first preset value, the starting method further includes: The energy beam is stopped from being irradiated to the top surface of the solidified glass.

6. The startup method according to claim 3, characterized in that: After the step of placing the solidified glass in a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, the starting method further comprises: The solidified glass in a molten state is stirred.

7. The startup method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solidified glass is borosilicate glass, and the initial conductive temperature is 800-1000°C.

8. The starting method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The energy beam is a plasma beam, an electron beam or a laser beam.

9. The starting method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the cross section of the melting cavity perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the energy beam is a first size, and the energy beam is a laser beam; Irradiating the top surface of the solidified glass with an energy beam specifically includes: The spot diameter of the laser beam is adjusted to a second size, wherein the second size is smaller than the first size and larger than half of the first size.

10. The starting method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The energy beam is a laser beam, and irradiating the energy beam to the top surface of the solidified glass specifically includes: Adjust the power density of the laser beam to 20w / cm 2 -60 w / cm 2 .

11. A device for treating radioactive waste by vitrification, characterized in that: The curing treatment is performed using the starting method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the glass curing treatment device comprises: A cold crucible, comprising the melting chamber, the melting chamber being used to contain the solidified glass; an energy beam emitting device, detachably disposed on the cold crucible, for irradiating the energy beam to the solidified glass in the melting chamber; A high-frequency alternating power supply and an induction coil, wherein the induction coil is surrounded to form an induction space, the cold crucible is arranged in the induction space, and the high-frequency alternating power supply is electrically connected to the induction coil so that the induction coil can generate a high-frequency induction magnetic field.

Images