Spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit for surgery and grinding drill surgical instrument

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and discloses a spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit for surgery and a grinding drill surgical instrument.The spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit comprises a spherical grinding head body, three or more chip discharging grooves are formed in the spherical surface of the grinding head body in a circumferential array mode, and each chip discharging groove comprises a cutting face and a chip discharging face; a cutting edge is formed between the cutting face and the spherical surface of the grinding head body, a chip removing edge is formed between the chip removing face and the spherical surface of the grinding head body, and the horizontal height of the cutting edge is larger than that of the chip removing edge. The abrasive drill surgical instrument comprises the spherical cutting edge abrasive drill bit and a driving handle, and the handle rod is fixedly connected with the driving handle. The problem that in the prior art, when a spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit works in water, water flow can be stirred to generate large vortexes, and therefore the operation view is affected is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill and a grinding drill surgical instrument. Background Art

[0002] In some orthopedic surgeries, doctors often use drill bits to drill bone tissue inside the patient's body. In order to improve the efficiency and safety of drilling during surgery, some surgeries require water injection at the drilling site, or some surgeries themselves are performed in an underwater environment.

[0003] However, conventional cutting edge grinding drill bits are all multi-edged, such as the medical spherical grinding head planing tool head disclosed in the patent publication number CN207168546U, which has a spherical grinding head with multiple chip removal grooves and many edge grooves. When such a grinding drill bit works in water, the stirring water flow will generate a large vortex, which affects the surgical field of view when grinding bones underwater. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit and a grinding drill surgical instrument to solve the problem in the prior art that the spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit will stir the water flow to produce a large vortex when working in water, thereby affecting the surgical field of view.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention discloses a surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill, comprising a spherical grinding head body, wherein the spherical surface of the grinding head body is provided with a circumferential array of cutting grooves less than or equal to 3, each of the cutting grooves comprising a cutting surface and a cutting surface, a cutting edge is formed between the cutting surface and the spherical surface of the grinding head body, a cutting edge is formed between the cutting surface and the spherical surface of the grinding head body, the horizontal height of the cutting edge is greater than the horizontal height of the cutting edge, the grinding head body comprises a top end and a tail end, and each of the cutting edges is staggered at the top end of the grinding head body to form staggered edges. The technical solution arranges fewer cutting grooves on the grinding head body, and the horizontal height of the cutting edge on the cutting groove is greater than the horizontal height of the cutting edge, so that while ensuring the cutting efficiency, there are fewer cutting grooves, and when it rotates in water, the agitation of the water is less, so that the vortex formed is smaller, and the impact on the surgical field of view is also smaller.

[0007] Furthermore, the spherical surface of the grinding head body close to the cutting edge is a first spherical surface, and the spherical surface of the grinding head body close to the cutting groove is a second spherical surface. The diameter of the first spherical surface is D, and the diameter of the second spherical surface is D*(95% to 99%). The horizontal height of the cutting edge is greater than the horizontal height D*(1% to 5%) of the cutting groove. In the technical solution, the horizontal height of the cutting edge is appropriately greater than the horizontal height D*(1% to 5%) of the cutting groove. When cutting bone tissue, not only can the cutting efficiency be guaranteed, but also the cutting is safer and more stable under such a height difference.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting surface is inclined, and the angle β between the cutting surface and the vertical surface is 15°-25°. The technical solution is set in this way, so that the two cutting edges have negative rake angles. Through such a setting, according to experiments, the vibration can be reduced during use, and the overall stability of the drill bit can be improved; and this can also reduce damage to soft tissues, and the safety is better.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of the cutting grooves is two, namely a first row of cutting grooves and a second row of cutting grooves, and the first row of cutting grooves and the second row of cutting grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding head body. According to experiments, the arrangement of two cutting grooves can not only meet the cutting efficiency, but also generate smaller vortices during cutting.

[0010] Furthermore, the cutting edge comprises a cutting top edge and a cutting tail edge, the cutting top edges of the first row of cutting grooves and the second row of cutting grooves are staggered at the top end of the grinding head body, and the staggered arc length is D*(10% to 30%).

[0011] Furthermore, the cutting top edges of the first row of cutting grooves and the second row of cutting grooves are parallel at the intersection, and the distance is D*(1% to 3%). In the technical solution, the cutting top edges of the first row of cutting grooves and the second row of cutting grooves are arranged in parallel and staggered at the top of the grinding head body, so that the drill bit of the present application still has the ability to cut at the top, making the drilling efficiency of the drill bit higher.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle α between the tangent line extending from the cutting edge of the first spherical surface and the cutting surface is 90°-105°. Such a setting can ensure both safety and cutting efficiency during grinding and drilling.

[0013] Furthermore, the maximum horizontal height H2 of the intersection line between the cutting surface and the chip removal surface from the cutting edge is D*(4% to 6%). By such an arrangement, the space occupied by the chip removal groove can be made smaller, the integrity of the drill bit is guaranteed as much as possible in terms of shape, the agitation of water when the drill bit rotates is further reduced, and the generation of vortices is further reduced.

[0014] Furthermore, a groove is provided at the rear end of the grinding head body, a handle rod is fixedly connected in the groove, a sleeve is rotatably sleeved outside the handle rod, and one end of the sleeve close to the grinding head body is deeply inserted into the groove. In this technical solution, when the handle rod drives the grinding head body to rotate, the sleeve is in a static state, and the handle rod rotates in the sleeve, so that the handle rod is not exposed, and the sleeve does not participate in the rotation, thereby preventing the rotating handle rod from entangled with the surrounding soft tissue, causing no harm to the patient, and also not affecting the efficiency of the operation.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention further discloses a grinding drill surgical instrument, which comprises the above-mentioned spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit and a driving handle, wherein the handle rod is fixedly connected to the driving handle.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] 1. The present invention sets fewer chip removal grooves on the grinding head body, and the horizontal height of the cutting edge on the cutting groove is greater than the horizontal height of the chip removal edge. In this way, while ensuring the cutting efficiency, there are fewer cutting grooves, and when it rotates in water, the agitation of the water is less, so the vortex formed is smaller, and the impact on the surgical field of view is also smaller; and the maximum horizontal height of the intersection line of the cutting surface and the chip removal surface from the cutting edge of the present invention is D* (4% to 6%), which can make the space occupied by the chip removal groove smaller, and the integrity of the drill bit is guaranteed as much as possible in terms of shape, further reducing the agitation of the water when the drill bit rotates, and further reducing the generation of vortices

[0018] 2. The present invention arranges the cutting top edges of the first row of cutting grooves and the second row of cutting grooves in parallel and staggered manner at the top of the grinding head body, so that the drill bit of the present application still has the ability to cut at the top, making the drilling efficiency of the drill bit higher; and the angle between the tangent line extending from the cutting edge of the first spherical surface of the present invention and the cutting surface is 90°-105°, which can ensure both safety and cutting efficiency during drilling cutting.

[0019] 3. The cutting surface of the present invention is inclined, and the angle between the cutting surface and the vertical surface is 15°-25°, so that the two cutting edges have negative rake angles. Through such a setting, according to experiments, vibration can be reduced during use and the overall stability of the drill bit can be improved; and this can also reduce damage to soft tissues and is safer.

[0020] 4. A groove is arranged at the tail end of the grinding head body of the present invention, a handle rod is fixedly connected in the groove, a sleeve is rotatably arranged outside the handle rod, and one end of the sleeve close to the grinding head body penetrates into the groove; when the handle rod drives the grinding head body to rotate, the sleeve is in a static state, and the handle rod rotates in the sleeve, so that the handle rod is in a non-exposed state, and the sleeve does not participate in the rotation, thereby preventing the rotating handle rod from entangled with the surrounding soft tissue, causing no harm to the patient, and also not affecting the efficiency of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of a surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the grinding head body;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The front view from the cutting top edge;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Identification diagram of each parameter in;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a spherical cutting edge drill bit viewed from the front facing the handle;

[0028] Figure 8 The three-dimensional structure of a surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a grinding and drilling surgical instrument of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0031] Among them, the grinding head body 1, the handle rod 2, the sleeve 3, the driving handle 4, the first row of cutting grooves 101, the second row of cutting grooves 102, the cutting surface 103, the row of cutting surfaces 104, the cutting edge 105, the row of cutting edges 106, the first spherical surface 107, the second spherical surface 108, the cutting top edge 109, the cutting tail edge 110, and the groove 111. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Embodiment 1,

[0034] This embodiment is a surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit, such as Figure 1 to Figure 6As shown: it includes a spherical grinding head body 1, and a circumferential array on the spherical surface of the grinding head body 1 is provided with a number of cutting grooves less than or equal to 3, that is, the number of cutting grooves can be 1-3, but this embodiment takes the number of cutting grooves as 2 as an example, the two cutting grooves are a first row of cutting grooves 101 and a second row of cutting grooves 102, the first row of cutting grooves 101 and the second row of cutting grooves 102 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding head body 1, each cutting groove includes a cutting surface 103 and a cutting surface 104, a cutting edge 105 is formed between the cutting surface 103 and the spherical surface of the grinding head body 1, and a cutting edge 106 is formed between the cutting surface 104 and the spherical surface of the grinding head body 1. The spherical surface of the grinding head body 1 close to the cutting edge 105 is the first spherical surface 107, and the spherical surface of the grinding head body 1 close to the cutting groove is the second spherical surface 108. The first spherical surface 107 and the second spherical surface 108 have a smooth transition. The diameter of the first spherical surface 107 is D, and the diameter of the second spherical surface 108 is D*(95%~99%). The horizontal height of the cutting edge 105 is greater than the horizontal height D*(1%~5%) of the cutting edge 106, that is, H1=D*(1%~5%). In this way, while ensuring the cutting efficiency, there are fewer cutting grooves. When it rotates in water, the agitation of the water is less, so that the vortex formed is smaller, and the impact on the surgical field of view is also smaller.

[0035] like Figure 7-10 As shown, the grinding head body 1 includes a top end and a tail end, a groove 111 is arranged at the tail end of the grinding head body 1, a handle rod 2 is welded or integrally formed in the groove 111, a sleeve 3 is rotatably sleeved outside the handle rod 2, and one end of the sleeve 3 close to the grinding head body 1 penetrates into the groove 111; when the handle rod 2 drives the grinding head body 1 to rotate, the sleeve 3 is in a stationary state, and the handle rod 2 rotates in the sleeve 3, so that the handle rod 2 is in a non-exposed state, and the sleeve 3 does not participate in the rotation, thereby preventing the rotating handle rod 2 from entangled with the surrounding soft tissue, causing no harm to the patient, and also not affecting the efficiency of the operation.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, the cutting edge 105 includes a cutting top edge 109 and a cutting tail edge 110. The cutting top edges 109 of the first row of cutting grooves 101 and the second row of cutting grooves 102 are staggered at the top of the grinding head body 1, and the staggered arc length L1 is D* (10% to 30%); the cutting top edges 109 of the first row of cutting grooves 101 and the second row of cutting grooves 102 are parallel at the staggered position, and the distance L2 is D* (1% to 3%). By staggering the cutting top edges 109 of the first row of cutting grooves 101 and the second row of cutting grooves 102 at the top of the grinding head body 1 in parallel, the drill bit still has the ability to cut at the top, thereby making the drill bit of the present drill bit more efficient.

[0037] In order to reduce vibration during use, improve the overall stability of the drill bit, reduce damage to soft tissue and provide safety, the cutting surface 103 of this embodiment is inclined, and the angle between the cutting surface 103 and the vertical plane is 15°-25°, and the preferred angle in this embodiment is 20°.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, during grinding and drilling, in order to ensure both safety and cutting efficiency, the angle α between the tangent line extending from the cutting edge 105 of the first spherical surface 107 and the cutting surface 103 is 90°-105°, and 100° is preferred in this embodiment.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to make the space occupied by the chip removal groove smaller, the integrity of the drill bit is guaranteed as much as possible in terms of shape, further reduce the agitation of water when the drill bit rotates, and further reduce the generation of vortexes. The maximum horizontal height H2 of the intersection line of the cutting surface 103 and the chip removal surface 104 from the cutting edge 105 is D* (4% to 6%).

[0040] In actual production, the various parameters of the drill bit mentioned above can solve the technical problems to be solved by the present application within the above-mentioned range. In this embodiment, specifically, the diameter of the first spherical surface 107 is D=4.0 mm, the diameter of the second spherical surface 108 is 3.9 mm, the horizontal height of the cutting edge 105 is greater than the horizontal height H1=0.1 mm of the row of cutting edges 106, the arc length of the cutting top edges 109 of the first row of cutting grooves 101 and the second row of cutting grooves 102 at the top of the grinding head body 1 is L1=1.0 mm, the parallel distance of the cutting top edges 109 of the first row of cutting grooves 101 and the second row of cutting grooves 102 at the intersection is L2=0.1 mm, the angle between the tangent line extending from the cutting edge 105 of the first spherical surface 107 and the cutting surface 103 is α=100°, and the maximum horizontal height of the intersection line of the cutting surface 103 and the row of cutting surface 104 from the cutting edge 105 is H2=0.2 mm.

[0041] The present invention sets fewer row cutting grooves on the grinding head body 1, and the horizontal height of the cutting edge on the cutting groove is greater than the horizontal height of the row cutting edge 106. In this way, while ensuring cutting efficiency, there are fewer cutting grooves, and when it rotates in water, it stirs the water less, so that the vortex formed is smaller, and the impact on the surgical field of view is also smaller. By setting the cutting top edges 109 of the first row of cutting grooves 101 and the second row of cutting grooves 102 in parallel and staggered at the top of the grinding head body 1, the grinding drill head of the present application still has the ability to cut at the top, so that the grinding efficiency of the grinding drill head is higher.

[0042] The maximum horizontal height of the intersection line of the cutting surface 103 and the chip removal surface 104 from the cutting edge 105 is D*(4%-6%), which can make the space occupied by the chip removal groove smaller, and ensure the integrity of the drill bit as much as possible in terms of shape, further reduce the agitation of water when the drill bit rotates, and further reduce the generation of vortex. The angle between the tangent line extending from the cutting edge 105 of the first spherical surface 107 and the cutting surface 103 is 90°-105°, which can ensure both safety and cutting efficiency when the drill bit is cut.

[0043] Embodiment 2,

[0044] This embodiment is a grinding and drilling surgical instrument, which includes the spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit and the driving handle of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, and the handle rod is fixedly connected to the driving handle. While ensuring the cutting efficiency, such a grinding and drilling surgical instrument has fewer cutting grooves, and when it rotates in water, it stirs the water less, so the vortex formed is smaller, and the impact on the surgical field is also smaller. After testing, the grinding and drilling surgical instrument of this embodiment is slightly more efficient than the prior art, but the stirring vortex generated during surgery is much smaller, which greatly facilitates the doctor's surgical operation.

[0045] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit, comprising a spherical grinding head body, characterized in that: The spherical surface of the grinding head body is provided with a circumferential array of chip removal grooves of which the number is less than or equal to 3, each of the chip removal grooves includes a cutting surface and a chip removal surface, a cutting edge is formed between the cutting surface and the spherical surface of the grinding head body, a chip removal edge is formed between the chip removal surface and the spherical surface of the grinding head body, the horizontal height of the cutting edge is greater than the horizontal height of the chip removal edge, the grinding head body includes a top end and a tail end, and each of the cutting edges is staggered at the top end of the grinding head body to form a staggered edge.

2. A surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical surface of the grinding head body close to the cutting edge is the first spherical surface, and the spherical surface of the grinding head body close to the cutting groove is the second spherical surface. The diameter of the first spherical surface is D, and the diameter of the second spherical surface is D* (95% to 99%). The horizontal height of the cutting edge is greater than the horizontal height of the cutting edge D* (1% to 5%).

3. A surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cutting surface is inclined, and an angle β between the cutting surface and the vertical surface is 15°-25°.

4. A surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the cutting grooves is 2, namely a first row of cutting grooves and a second row of cutting grooves. The first row of cutting grooves and the second row of cutting grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grinding head body.

5. A surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutting edge comprises a cutting top edge and a cutting tail edge. The cutting top edges of the first row of cutting grooves and the second row of cutting grooves are staggered at the top of the grinding head body, and the staggered arc length is D*(10% to 30%).

6. A surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting top edges of the first row of cutting grooves and the second row of cutting grooves are parallel at the intersection, and the distance between them is D*(1% to 3%).

7. A surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: An included angle α between a tangent line extending from the cutting edge of the first spherical surface and the cutting surface is 90°-105°.

8. The surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum horizontal height H2 of the intersection line between the cutting surface and the cutting surface from the cutting edge is D*(4% to 6%).

9. The surgical spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that: A groove is arranged at the rear end of the grinding head body, a handle rod is fixedly connected in the groove, a sleeve is rotatably sleeved outside the handle rod, and one end of the sleeve close to the grinding head body penetrates into the groove.

10. A grinding and drilling surgical instrument, characterized in that: The grinding drill surgical instrument comprises a driving handle and the spherical cutting edge grinding drill bit according to claim 9, and the handle rod is fixedly connected to the driving handle.

Images