Shield muck multi-stage treatment and separation device

Abstract

A multi-stage treatment and separation device for shield muck comprises a rack, a first-stage screening box and a multi-stage separation box, the first-stage screening box and the multi-stage separation box are arranged on the rack, a screening crawler belt is arranged in the first-stage screening box, a multi-stage separation cavity and a compression separation cavity are formed in the multi-stage separation box, a rotary separation barrel is arranged in the multi-stage separation cavity, and the lower end of the rotary separation barrel is connected with a receiving sleeve; a spiral conveyor penetrates through and is communicated with the receiving sleeve, a discharge port of the spiral conveyor is communicated with the compression separation cavity, a plurality of particle screening nets with the mesh number increasing from bottom to top are arranged on the outer side of the rotary separation barrel at intervals in the vertical direction, a slurry concentration sensor is arranged above each particle screening net, and a plurality of grading discharge valves are arranged on the side face of the multi-stage separation box. Each grading discharge valve is correspondingly communicated with the space above one particle screening net; and the compression separation cavity is used for performing solid-liquid separation on the slurry conveyed by the screw conveyor. According to the invention, continuous operation can be carried out along with the shield tunneling process, rapid grading treatment of shield slurry is realized, and a foundation is provided for follow-up resource reutilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tunneling, and in particular relates to a shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device. Background Art

[0002] In modern tunnel engineering, shield construction is an efficient and widely used underground excavation technology, but the shield process will inevitably produce a large amount of shield slag. Shield slag generally has a large water content and is in a thin mud state, which is not easy to transport. Improper handling of shield slag not only threatens the safety of tunnel engineering, but also damages the surrounding ecological environment, and wastes the rich recyclable resources such as minerals and building materials. Therefore, it is of great significance to effectively separate the slag and mud generated during shield excavation for protecting the environment, saving resources, and reducing engineering costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device, which can operate continuously following the shield excavation process, realize rapid classification processing of shield slurry, and provide a basis for subsequent resource reuse.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device, comprising a frame, and also comprising a first-level screening box arranged on the frame, wherein a screening crawler is arranged in the first-level screening box, a slurry inlet of the first-level screening box is located above the screening crawler, and the end of the screening crawler is connected to the large particle discharge port on the side of the first-level screening box; A multi-stage separation box, the multi-stage separation box is located below the first-stage screening box, the inner cavity of the multi-stage separation box is divided into a multi-stage separation chamber and a compression separation chamber, the bottoms of the multi-stage separation chamber and the compression separation chamber are connected through a one-way valve to achieve a one-way flow of water in the compression separation chamber into the multi-stage separation chamber; A rotating separation cylinder is arranged in a vertical position and rotated in the multi-stage separation chamber. The upper end of the rotating separation cylinder is a top inlet for connecting with the bottom discharge port of the first-stage screening box, and the lower end is a bottom outlet. A separation hole is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder wall of the rotating separation cylinder. The separation cylinder driving mechanism is arranged outside the multi-stage separation box and is used to drive the rotating separation cylinder to rotate; A receiving sleeve, the top of which is open, and is used to receive the discharge from the bottom outlet of the rotating separation cylinder. A sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the receiving sleeve, and a left-right symmetrical screw conveyor connecting hole is provided on the cylinder wall of the receiving sleeve; A screw conveyor, wherein the conveying shell of the screw conveyor is provided with upper and lower corresponding receiving sleeve communication holes, the conveying shell passes through the screw conveyor communication hole and is fixed on the inner wall of the multi-stage separation chamber, the receiving sleeve communication hole is located in the receiving sleeve, and the discharge port of the screw conveyor is connected with the compression separation chamber; A plurality of particle separation screens are provided and are sleeved on the outer side of the rotating separation cylinder at intervals from top to bottom, and the mesh sizes of the plurality of particle separation screens increase from bottom to top; a mud concentration sensor is also provided above each particle separation screen; There are multiple graded discharge valves installed on the side of the multi-stage separation box, and each graded discharge valve is connected to the space above a particle separation screen; The compression separation chamber is used to separate the solid and liquid of the slurry transported by the screw conveyor. The separated water returns to the multi-stage separation chamber through the one-way valve, and the separated solid is discharged through the slag discharge port on the side of the compression separation chamber.

[0005] The beneficial effects are as follows: the present invention performs preliminary screening of large particles on the shield mud through a primary screening box, and then sorts out particles of different sizes through the rotating centrifugal action of the rotating separation cylinder to achieve a second screening; then the sorted small particles and slurry are intercepted and sorted layer by layer by a multi-layer particle separation screen to form slurries of different concentrations to achieve a third screening; and the sorted large particles are sent to the compression separation chamber by a screw conveyor for solid-liquid separation, and the solids are discharged, and the separated water flows back to the multi-stage separation chamber to supplement the required water for the third screening. After multi-stage screening and solid-liquid separation, the mud is graded, and the graded recovery of particles of different particle sizes is achieved, providing material guarantee for the recycling of mud.

[0006] A stirring mechanism is arranged on the wall of the rotating separation cylinder, and the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring blade and a stirring rod, wherein the stirring blade is located at the lower part of the rotating separation cylinder and is lower than the lowest particle separation screen, and the stirring rod is arranged between two adjacent particle separation screens.

[0007] The beneficial effect is that the stirring blade and the stirring rod can stir the slurry in the rotating separation chamber to prevent the particles therein from settling. The slurry concentration in the bottom layer is the highest, and the stirring blade can provide more powerful stirring.

[0008] The stirring blade is a spiral blade, and the separation holes are distributed between adjacent spiral gaps of the spiral blade.

[0009] The beneficial effect is that the arrangement of the spiral blades can avoid blocking the separation hole.

[0010] The rotating separation cylinder comprises a small cylinder at the top, a large cylinder at the bottom and a conical cylinder connecting the two cylinders. The multiple particle screening screens are installed on the large cylinder, and the small cylinder is rotatably connected to the top of the multi-stage separation box.

[0011] The beneficial effects are as follows: the setting of the small cylinder can make the incoming mud quickly stick to the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force, the conical cylinder can guide the mud to disperse and avoid mud accumulation and difficulty in separation, and the large cylinder can provide a larger surface area, which is conducive to the dispersion and separation of the mud.

[0012] The aperture of the sieve plate of the receiving sleeve is smaller than the aperture of the separation hole on the rotating separation cylinder.

[0013] The beneficial effect is to prevent particles in the receiving sleeve from flowing into the multi-stage separation chamber and increase the processing pressure of the third screening.

[0014] A tail brush is arranged in the primary screening box, and the tail brush is located above the screening crawler.

[0015] The beneficial effect is that the setting of the tail brush can break the adhesion between the mud to a certain extent and reduce the particle size.

[0016] The screening crawler is tensioned on two pairs of sprockets, and a stirring cross plate is installed between any pair of sprockets.

[0017] The beneficial effect is that the two stirring cross plates squeeze the mud between the upper and lower layers of the screening crawler by rotating, so that the mud is discharged from the lower layer of the screening crawler and falls into the multi-stage separation box below.

[0018] A compression mechanism and a filtering and dehydrating plate are provided in the compression and separation chamber. The compression mechanism is located above the filtering and dehydrating plate. The filtering and dehydrating plate is tilted, with its higher end supported on the inner wall of the compression and separation chamber and located above the one-way valve, and its lower end supported on the lower edge of the slag discharge port. Dehydration holes are distributed on the filtering and dehydrating plate.

[0019] The beneficial effect is that the solid-liquid separation of the material is achieved by the cooperation of the compression mechanism and the filtering and dehydrating plate. The inclined setting of the filtering and dehydrating plate allows the dehydrated solid to slide out along the inclined surface, thereby eliminating the need for the setting of the discharging mechanism.

[0020] The compression mechanism includes a torque motor, a screw rod and a piston. The periphery of the piston is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the compression separation chamber. The lower end of the screw rod is fixed on the piston. The nut on the screw rod is transmission-connected with the torque motor. The torque motor is fixed outside the compression separation chamber.

[0021] The beneficial effect is that the piston is pushed downward by the screw rod, which can provide a continuous and stable extrusion force to ensure the solid-liquid separation effect.

[0022] The frame is a movable pulley.

[0023] The beneficial effect is that the entire device can be moved along with the shield tunneling process.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention can perform classification treatment on the mud, realize the classification recovery of particles with different particle sizes, and provide material guarantee for the recycling of the mud.

[0025] 2. The present invention can achieve slurry purification and can discharge slurries of different concentrations separately, thus having high environmental benefits.

[0026] 3. The structure of the present invention has a high degree of integration and occupies a small area. It can operate continuously along with the shield tunneling process, realize rapid classification treatment of shield mud, and provide a basis for subsequent resource reuse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the primary screening box in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a detailed schematic diagram of the screening crawler of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a view of the internal structure of the multi-stage separation box of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary separation cylinder described in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the receiving sleeve described in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the conveying shell structure of the screw conveyor described in the present invention; Markings in the figure: 1, primary screening box, 101, mud inlet, 102, large particle discharge outlet; 2. Tail brush; 3. Screening crawler assembly, 301. Mud scattering hole, 302. Screening crawler, 303. Transmission chain, 304. Crawler driven wheel, 305. Mixing cross plate, 306. Sprocket, 307. Crawler driving wheel, 4. crawler drive mechanism, 401. first motor, 402. first drive wheel; 5. Separation cylinder driving mechanism, 501. second motor, 502. second driving wheel, 503. separation cylinder driven wheel; 6. compression mechanism, 601. screw rod, 602. torque motor, 603. piston; 7. Multi-stage separation box, 701. Multi-stage separation chamber, 702. Compression separation chamber; 8. Pulley; 9. Bottom discharge valve; 10. Staged discharge valve; 11. Rotating separation cylinder, 1101. Top inlet, 1102. Stirring rod, 1103. Stirring blade, 1104. Separation hole, 1105. Bottom outlet; 12. receiving sleeve, 1201. receiving port, 1202. screw conveyor connecting hole, 1203. sieve plate; 13. Screw conveyor, 1301. Conveying housing, 1302. Conveying auger, 1303. Receiving sleeve connecting hole; 14. Particle classification screen; 15. Mud concentration sensor; 16. Mud concentration monitor; 17. Muck discharge port; 18. Filter dehydration plate; 19. One-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

[0030] Example 1: Figure 1 As shown, a shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device comprises a pulley 8, a primary screening box 1 and a multi-stage separation box 7 arranged on the pulley 8, the primary screening box 1 and the multi-stage separation box 7 are arranged up and down, the mud generated by the shield excavation enters the primary screening box 1 for preliminary screening, and the mud that needs to be screened and separated again after the preliminary screening enters the multi-stage separation box 7 below for the second screening, the third screening and dehydration treatment.

[0031] The primary screening box 1 is used to screen out and discharge large-particle slag such as stones and large lumps of earth entering the box, a mud inlet 101 is provided on the top of the box, a large-particle discharge port 102 is provided on one side of the box, a screening crawler assembly 3 for screening large particles is provided inside the box, the discharge end of the screening crawler assembly 3 is located at the large-particle discharge port 102, and the screened large-particle slag is sent to the large-particle discharge port 102 and discharged from the primary screening box 1. The pulley 8 is provided with a crawler drive mechanism 4 for driving the screening crawler assembly 3.

[0032] like Figure 2 , 3As shown, the screening track assembly 3 includes two pairs of sprockets 306 and screening tracks 302 tensioned on the two pairs of sprockets 306. The screening track 302 is formed by track plates fixed on the transmission chain 303 and arranged at intervals. The gaps between the track plates form mud scattering holes 301. Large particles of slag with a size larger than the mud scattering holes 301 remain on the screening track 302 and are transported to the large particle discharge port 102 along the screening track 302 to be discharged from the first-stage screening box 1. Mud particles, slurry, etc. with a size smaller than the mud scattering holes 301 pass through the mud scattering holes 301 and fall into the multi-stage separation box 7 below the screening track assembly 3 for further separation. A stirring cross plate 305 is also arranged between a pair of sprockets of the screening crawler group 3. The two stirring cross plates 305 squeeze the mud between the upper and lower layers of the screening crawler 302 by rotating, so that the mud is discharged from the mud scattering holes 301 of the lower layer of the screening crawler 302 and falls into the multi-stage separation box 7 below. Among the two pairs of sprockets 306, one pair of sprockets 306 is a driving sprocket, and the other pair of sprockets 306 is a driven sprocket. The driving sprocket is equipped with a crawler driving wheel 307, and the driven sprocket is equipped with a crawler driven wheel 304. The crawler driving wheel 307 and the crawler driven wheel 304 are connected by a synchronous belt transmission. The crawler driving wheel 307 is connected to the first driving wheel 402 by another synchronous belt. The first driving wheel 402 is installed on the first motor 401, and the first motor 401 is fixed on the frame of the pulley 8. The first motor 401 and the first driving wheel 402 form the track driving mechanism 4, which drives the screening track 302 to rotate to achieve the primary screening of the mud.

[0033] Specifically, the stirring cross plate 305 is formed by cross-assembling two plates, and both ends of the stirring cross plate 305 are fixed to the sprocket 306 by welding or bolting.

[0034] Continue to refer Figure 2 A plurality of tail brushes 2 are arranged above the screening track 302. The plurality of tail brushes 2 are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the screening track 302. The upper portion of the tail brushes 2 is fixed to the top of the first-stage screening box 1. The mud entering the first-stage screening box 1 is conveyed toward the large particle discharge port 102 by the screening track 302. When passing through the tail brush 2, the tail brush 2 sweeps the mud particles, thereby breaking the adhesion between the mud particles and reducing the particle size.

[0035] Preferably, the tail brush 2 is formed by a plurality of flexible plates arranged obliquely, and the lower ends of the flexible plates are inclined toward the large particle discharge port 102 . The flexible plates can be selected from rubber plates or silicone plates.

[0036] like Figure 4As shown, the multi-stage separation box 7 includes two side-by-side chambers, namely the multi-stage separation chamber 701 and the compression separation chamber 702. The bottoms of the two chambers are connected by a one-way valve 19. The one-way valve 19 allows the liquid to flow from the compression separation chamber 702 to the multi-stage separation chamber 701.

[0037] The multi-stage separation chamber 701 is provided with a rotating separation cylinder 11, a receiving sleeve 12, a screw conveyor 13 and a plurality of particle separation screens 14. The rotating separation cylinder 11 is vertically arranged, and its lower part is sleeved with the receiving sleeve 12, and the screw conveyor 13 is horizontally arranged, passing through the receiving sleeve 12, and the end of the screw conveyor 13 is connected with the compression separation chamber 702.

[0038] The upper part of the rotating separation cylinder 11 is rotatably supported on the top of the multi-stage separation box 7, and the top of the rotating separation cylinder 11 is open, which is used to connect the discharge port at the bottom of the first-stage screening box 1. The lower part of the rotating separation cylinder 11 is sleeved in the opening at the top of the receiving sleeve 12 and rotates relative to the receiving sleeve 12. The bottom of the rotating separation cylinder 11 is open so that the mud therein falls into the receiving sleeve 12.

[0039] The structure of the rotating separation cylinder 11 is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the upper and lower ends of the rotary separation cylinder 11 are open, serving as the top inlet 1101 and the bottom outlet 1105 respectively, and the cylinder body of the rotary separation cylinder 11 comprises a small cylinder body at the top, a large cylinder body at the bottom, and a conical cylinder body connecting the large and small cylinder bodies. Two groups of stirring rods 1102 and a group of stirring blades 1103 are arranged outside the large cylinder body at the bottom. The stirring blades 1103 are located at the bottom of the large cylinder body, and the stirring blades 1103 are spiral blades, which are spirally wound on the cylinder body, and a plurality of separation holes 1104 for solid-liquid separation are distributed on the cylinder body between the adjacent spirals of the spiral blades. The two groups of stirring rods 1102 are both located above the stirring blades 1103, and the two groups of stirring rods 1102 are arranged at intervals up and down.

[0040] Refer to Figure 4 As shown, the separation cylinder driving mechanism 5 for driving the rotating separation cylinder 11 to rotate is arranged outside the multi-stage separation box 7, and includes a second motor 501, a second driving wheel 502 and a separation cylinder driven wheel 503. The second motor 501 is fixed to the outside of the box body of the multi-stage separation box 7, the second driving wheel 502 is installed on the output shaft of the second motor 501, and the separation cylinder driven wheel 503 is fixedly installed on the outside of the small cylinder body at the upper part of the rotating separation cylinder 11, and the second driving wheel 502 and the separation cylinder driven wheel 503 are connected by a synchronous belt transmission. In order to make the rotating separation cylinder 11 rotate more smoothly and reduce friction, a support bearing is arranged between the small cylinder body of the rotating separation cylinder 11 and the box body of the multi-stage separation box 7.

[0041] like Figure 4 , 7 As shown, the screw conveyor 13 includes a conveying shell 1301 and a conveying auger 1302. The two ends of the conveying shell 1301 are supported on the inner wall of the multi-stage separation chamber 701, and the discharge port at the end of the conveying shell 1301 is connected to the compression separation chamber 702. The conveying auger 1302 is arranged in the conveying shell 1301 and is used to convey the mud entering the screw conveyor 13 to the compression separation chamber 702. The structure of the conveying shell 1301 is as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, a corresponding receiving sleeve connecting hole 1303 is provided in the middle thereof, which is used to connect the receiving sleeve 12.

[0042] The structure of the receiving sleeve 12 is as follows Figure 6 As shown, it is a cylindrical body with an open top and a sieve plate at the bottom. The open top is a receiving port 1201 of a receiving sleeve 12, which is used to receive the mud from the rotating separation cylinder 11. Left-right symmetrical screw conveyor connecting holes 1202 are arranged on the cylindrical surface of the receiving sleeve 12. A sieve plate 1203 for solid-liquid separation is arranged at the bottom of the receiving sleeve 12, and a plurality of sieve holes are evenly distributed on it. The conveying shell 1301 of the screw conveyor 13 passes through the screw conveyor connecting hole 1202, so that the receiving sleeve connecting hole 1303 on the conveying shell 1301 is located in the receiving sleeve 12, so that the mud entering the receiving sleeve 12 can enter the conveying shell 1301 through the receiving sleeve connecting hole 1303, and be sent to the compression separation chamber 702 by the conveying auger 1302. The particles in the mud are retained in the receiving sleeve 12 by the sieve plate 1203, and are sent to the compression separation chamber 702 together with part of the water by the conveying auger 1302. The water in the mud that is not sent out by the conveying auger 1302 passes through the sieve plate 1203 and flows downward out of the receiving sleeve 12 and enters the multi-stage separation chamber 701, so as to reduce the processing pressure of the subsequent solid-liquid separation in the compression separation chamber 702.

[0043] Through the connection of the rotating separation cylinder 11, the receiving sleeve 12 and the spiral separator 13, two inner and outer spaces are formed in the multi-stage separation chamber 701. The inner space is the space inside the rotating separation cylinder 11, the receiving sleeve 12 and the spiral separator 13, and the outer space is the space outside the rotating separation cylinder 11, the receiving sleeve 12 and the spiral separator 13.

[0044] The slurry generated by shield tunneling enters the primary screening box 1 to complete the initial screening, and then enters the rotating separation cylinder 11 below for the second screening. When the rotating separation cylinder 11 rotates at a high speed, the slurry in the slurry and the small particles with a particle size smaller than the separation hole 1104 are discharged from the rotating separation cylinder 11 through the separation hole 1104 under the action of centrifugation, and enter the external space outside the rotating separation cylinder 11. The particles larger than the separation hole 1104 directly enter the receiving sleeve 12 from the bottom outlet 1105 of the rotating separation cylinder 11, and are then sent to the compression separation chamber 702 by the screw conveyor 13 for further processing. In the process of large particle discharge, the water in the slurry enters the external space through the sieve plate 1203 at the bottom of the receiving sleeve 12, thereby reducing the processing pressure in the compression separation chamber 702. Therefore, the aperture of the sieve hole on the sieve plate 1203 is smaller than the aperture of the separation hole 1104 on the rotating separation cylinder 11, so as to prevent particles from passing through the sieve plate 1203 and flowing out.

[0045] In order to further screen the mud flowing out of the rotating separation cylinder 11 and the receiving sleeve 12 for a third time, a plurality of particle screens 14 are arranged from top to bottom in the multi-stage separation chamber 701. In this embodiment, three particle screens 14 with different mesh sizes are arranged. The particle screen 14 is sleeved on the outside of the large cylinder at the bottom of the rotating separation cylinder 11. The outer edge of the particle screen 14 is fixed on the inner wall of the multi-stage separation chamber 701, and the particle screen 14 is arranged horizontally. The mesh sizes of the three particle screens 14 gradually increase from bottom to top, forming a multi-stage screening of the mud. The stirring blade 1103 is located below the lowest particle screen 14, and is used to stir the mud in the bottom space to prevent the particles therein from settling. The stirring rod 1102 is located in the separation space formed by two adjacent particle screens 14, and two groups of stirring rods 1102 are respectively located in the two separation spaces. The stirring rod 1102 stirs the mud in the corresponding separation space to prevent the particles therein from settling. In this way, the three particle screening screens 14 separate the stirring blades 1103 and the two groups of stirring rods 1102 on the rotating separation cylinder 11.

[0046] The slurry flowing out of the rotating separation cylinder 11 and the receiving sleeve 12 passes through different particle screens 14 from bottom to top in the external space of the multi-stage separation chamber 701, thereby forming slurries of different concentrations above the particle screens 14, with the slurry at the top having the smallest concentration and the slurry at the bottom having the largest concentration.

[0047] In order to control the discharge of slurries of different concentrations, a plurality of graded discharge valves 10 are arranged on the side of the multi-stage separation box 7, and each graded discharge valve 10 is correspondingly connected to the space above a particle separation screen 14, and is used to discharge the slurry in the space. A mud concentration sensor 15 is also arranged above each particle separation screen 14 to monitor the concentration change of the mud in real time, and a mud concentration monitor 16 is arranged outside the multi-stage separation box 7. The mud concentration monitor 16 is used to set the monitoring threshold of each mud concentration sensor 15 and display the monitoring data of each mud concentration sensor 15. The mud concentration sensor 15 and the mud concentration monitor 16 used in this embodiment are commercially available products, or the related products in the disclosed patent CN114486626A are adopted.

[0048] In the external space of the multi-stage separation chamber 701, the mud is screened by multiple particle screens 14 to form slurries with different concentrations. When the concentration of the slurry reaches the threshold value set by the mud concentration sensor 15, the control system of the device opens the corresponding graded discharge valve 10 to discharge the slurry; or the mud concentration monitor 16 sends a corresponding alarm signal, and the operator controls the corresponding graded discharge valve 10 to open and discharge the slurry.

[0049] For example Figure 4 As shown, the compression separation chamber 702 achieves solid-liquid separation by compressing the water-containing slag through the compression mechanism 6, and the separated slag solids are discharged from the slag discharge port 17 on the side of the compression separation chamber 702, and the separated water returns to the multi-stage separation chamber 701 through the one-way valve 19.

[0050] Specifically, the compression mechanism 6 includes a torque motor 601, a screw rod 602 and a piston 603. The torque motor 601 is arranged on the outer side of the top of the compression separation chamber 702, and the torque motor 601 drives the nut on the screw rod 602 to rotate. The screw rod 602 vertically extends into the compression separation chamber 702, and the lower end of the screw rod 602 is fixedly connected to the piston 603, and the periphery of the piston 603 slides and fits with the inner wall of the compression separation chamber 702. The torque motor 601 drives the nut to rotate, driving the screw rod 602 to realize the up and down movement of the piston 603, and the lowest point of the moving stroke of the piston 603 is higher than the discharge port of the screw conveyor 13. The lower part of the compression separation chamber 702 is provided with a filter dehydration plate 18, and the filter dehydration plate 18 is inclined. Its higher end is supported on the inner wall of the compression separation chamber 702 and is located above the one-way valve 19, and its lower end is supported on the lower edge of the slag discharge port 17. Dehydration holes are distributed on the filter dehydration plate 18.

[0051] As another embodiment, the torque motor 601 and the screw rod 602 in the compression mechanism 6 may also be replaced by an oil cylinder, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected to the piston 603 to drive the piston 603 to move up and down.

[0052] After the mud is screened for the second time by the rotating separation cylinder 11, the slag composed of larger particles and part of the slurry enters the screw conveyor 13, and is sent to the compression separation chamber 702 by the conveying auger 1302. Then the compression mechanism 6 and the filtering and dehydrating plate 18 cooperate to compress and squeeze out the water therein. The squeezed water returns to the multi-stage separation chamber 701 through the one-way valve 19, and the dehydrated slag is discharged through the slag discharge port 17.

[0053] Embodiment 2: A shield slag multi-stage treatment and separation method, the method adopts the multi-stage separation treatment device described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The slurry generated by shield tunneling enters the primary screening box 1 through the slurry inlet 101 for primary screening, and the large particles of slag are sent to the large particle outlet 102 by the screening crawler 302 and discharged from the primary screening box 1; Step 2: After the initial screening, the particles and slurry with a size smaller than the mud scattering holes 301 on the screening crawler 302 fall down and enter the rotating separation cylinder 11 through the top inlet 1101 of the rotating separation cylinder 11 for the second screening; Step 3: Under the high-speed centrifugal action of the rotating separation cylinder 11, the particles and slurry in the mud whose sizes are smaller than the separation holes 1104 leave the rotating separation cylinder 11 through the separation holes 1104 and enter the multi-stage separation chamber 701; the remaining particles with larger sizes and part of the slurry in the mud enter the receiving sleeve 12 through the bottom outlet 1105 of the rotating separation cylinder 11; the solids and part of the slurry in the mud are sent to the compression separation chamber 702 by the screw conveyor 13 for solid-liquid separation; the remaining slurry in the mud passes through the sieve plate 1203 at the bottom of the receiving sleeve 12 and enters the multi-stage separation chamber 701 for the third screening; Step 4: The slurry level in the multi-stage separation chamber 701 gradually rises and passes through the multiple layers of particle screens 14 in sequence. The particles in the slurry that are larger than the mesh size of the particle screen 14 are retained below the particle screen 14, and the smaller particles pass through the particle screen 14 with the water, thus achieving multiple layers of retention and separation to form multiple layers of slurry with different concentrations in the vertical direction; when the concentration of the slurry reaches the set threshold of the corresponding mud concentration sensor 15, the corresponding graded discharge valve 10 is opened to discharge the mud; Step five, the water-containing slag entering the compression separation chamber 702 is separated into solid and liquid under the compression of the compression mechanism 6, the separated solid slag is discharged through the slag discharge port 17, and the separated water returns to the multi-stage separation chamber 701 through the one-way valve 19 to replenish the water required for the third screening in the multi-stage separation chamber 701.

[0054] After the device has been running for a period of time, if there is too much slurry in the multi-stage separation chamber 701 and the rotation of the rotary separation cylinder 11 is affected, the bottom discharge valve 9 at the bottom of the multi-stage separation box 7 can be opened to discharge part of the slurry to reduce the running resistance of the device.

[0055] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation modes of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents with reference to the above embodiments. Any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the pending claims.

Claims

1. A shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device, comprising a frame, characterized in that: It also includes a first-level screening box arranged on the frame, wherein a screening crawler is arranged in the first-level screening box, a slurry inlet of the first-level screening box is located above the screening crawler, and an end of the screening crawler is connected to a large particle discharge port on the side of the first-level screening box; A multi-stage separation box, the multi-stage separation box is located below the first-stage screening box, the inner cavity of the multi-stage separation box is divided into a multi-stage separation chamber and a compression separation chamber, the bottoms of the multi-stage separation chamber and the compression separation chamber are connected through a one-way valve to achieve a one-way flow of water in the compression separation chamber into the multi-stage separation chamber; A rotating separation cylinder is arranged in a vertical position and rotated in the multi-stage separation chamber. The upper end of the rotating separation cylinder is a top inlet for connecting with the bottom discharge port of the first-stage screening box, and the lower end is a bottom outlet. A separation hole is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder wall of the rotating separation cylinder. The separation cylinder driving mechanism is arranged outside the multi-stage separation box and is used to drive the rotating separation cylinder to rotate; A receiving sleeve, the top of which is open and is used to receive the discharge from the bottom outlet of the rotating separation cylinder. A sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the receiving sleeve, and a left-right symmetrical screw conveyor connecting hole is provided on the cylinder wall of the receiving sleeve. A screw conveyor, wherein the conveying shell of the screw conveyor is provided with upper and lower corresponding receiving sleeve communication holes, the conveying shell passes through the screw conveyor communication hole and is fixed on the inner wall of the multi-stage separation chamber, the receiving sleeve communication hole is located in the receiving sleeve, and the discharge port of the screw conveyor is connected with the compression separation chamber; A plurality of particle separation screens are provided and are sleeved on the outer side of the rotating separation cylinder at intervals from top to bottom, and the mesh sizes of the plurality of particle separation screens increase from bottom to top; a mud concentration sensor is also provided above each particle separation screen; There are multiple graded discharge valves installed on the side of the multi-stage separation box, and each graded discharge valve is connected to the space above a particle separation screen; The compression separation chamber is used to separate the solid and liquid of the slurry transported by the screw conveyor. The separated water returns to the multi-stage separation chamber through the one-way valve, and the separated solid is discharged through the slag discharge port on the side of the compression separation chamber.

2. The shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A stirring mechanism is arranged on the wall of the rotating separation cylinder, and the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring blade and a stirring rod, wherein the stirring blade is located at the lower part of the rotating separation cylinder and is lower than the lowest particle separation screen, and the stirring rod is arranged between two adjacent particle separation screens.

3. The shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The stirring blade is a spiral blade, and the separation holes are distributed between adjacent spiral gaps of the spiral blade.

4. The shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating separation cylinder comprises an upper small cylinder, a lower large cylinder and a conical cylinder connecting the two cylinders. The plurality of particle screening screens are mounted on the large cylinder, and the small cylinder is rotatably connected to the top of the multi-stage separation box.

5. The shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The aperture of the sieve plate of the receiving sleeve is smaller than the aperture of the separation hole on the rotating separation cylinder.

6. The shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A tail brush is arranged in the primary screening box, and the tail brush is located above the screening crawler.

7. The shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The screening crawler is tensioned on two pairs of sprockets, and a stirring cross plate is installed between any pair of sprockets.

8. The shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A compression mechanism and a filtering and dehydrating plate are provided in the compression and separation chamber. The compression mechanism is located above the filtering and dehydrating plate. The filtering and dehydrating plate is tilted, with its higher end supported on the inner wall of the compression and separation chamber and located above the one-way valve, and its lower end supported on the lower edge of the slag discharge port. Dehydration holes are distributed on the filtering and dehydrating plate.

9. The shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The compression mechanism includes a torque motor, a screw rod and a piston. The periphery of the piston is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the compression separation chamber. The lower end of the screw rod is fixed on the piston. The nut on the screw rod is transmission-connected with the torque motor. The torque motor is fixed outside the compression separation chamber.

10. The shield slag multi-stage processing and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is a movable pulley.

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