Construction waste pretreatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction waste pretreatment device which comprises a feeding unit, the feeding unit comprises a hopper and a conveying assembly, the output end of the conveying assembly is provided with a jaw crushing unit, the jaw crushing unit comprises a jaw type crushing assembly, the output end of the jaw type crushing assembly is provided with an adsorption unit, and the adsorption unit comprises a first conveying assembly and a magnetic separation assembly. The first conveying assembly is arranged at the output end of the jaw type crushing assembly, the magnetic separation assembly is located at the output end of the first conveying assembly, a second conveying assembly is arranged at the output end of the magnetic separation assembly, a drum screen unit is arranged at the output end of the second conveying assembly, and a first bin and a second bin are arranged at the output end of the drum screen unit. A vibrating screen unit is arranged at the output end of the first conveying assembly, and a plurality of third bins are arranged at the output end of the vibrating screen unit. The solid building waste is screened after being crushed, and subsequent recycling and reusing are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment and relates to a construction waste pretreatment device. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of houses, a large amount of solid waste is generated, primarily consisting of wood materials such as concrete blocks, stones, and planks, as well as iron materials such as rebar. Solid construction waste is typically disposed of by landfill, incineration, or recycling some of the materials. However, during the recycling process, various types of solid construction waste become mixed, making it difficult to properly handle. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a construction waste pretreatment device, which effectively solves the problems in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A construction waste pretreatment device, comprising:

[0006] A feeding unit, comprising a hopper and a conveying assembly;

[0007] A jaw crushing unit, which is arranged at the output end of the conveying assembly and includes a jaw crushing assembly;

[0008] An adsorption unit, comprising a first transport component and a magnetic separation component, wherein the first transport component is disposed at the output end of the jaw crushing component, and the magnetic separation component is located at the output end of the first transport component;

[0009] A drum screen unit, wherein a second transport assembly is provided between the drum screen unit and the output end of the magnetic separation assembly, and a first silo and a second silo are provided at the output end of the drum screen unit;

[0010] A vibrating screen unit is provided at the output end of the first transport component, and a plurality of third silos are provided at the output end of the vibrating screen unit.

[0011] Optionally, a flotation unit is provided at the output end of the vibrating screen unit, and the flotation unit comprises:

[0012] A water tank, wherein a material receiving hopper is provided in the water tank;

[0013] The second transport component, the input end of the second transport component is located below the receiving hopper, and the output end of the third transport component is provided with a fourth silo.

[0014] Optionally, one side of the upper end of the water tank is set as an overflow port, a fifth silo is set below the overflow port, an inclined filter plate is set in the middle of the fifth silo, a return pump is set at the bottom of the fifth silo, and the output end of the return pump is located in the water tank.

[0015] Optionally, a bulk material plate array is provided in the receiving hopper, and the bulk material plate array includes a plurality of inverted V-shaped plates.

[0016] Optionally, the adsorption unit further includes a mounting frame, and the magnetic separation assembly includes:

[0017] Electromagnet, wherein two electromagnets are provided, and the end faces of the two electromagnets are arranged perpendicular to each other;

[0018] A rotating member, on which both electromagnets are fixedly mounted, the rotating member is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame, and the rotating member is equipped with a rotation drive;

[0019] One of the electromagnets faces the output end of the first transport component, and the other electromagnet faces downwardly the input end of the second transport component, and the rotation drive drives the two electromagnets to exchange positions.

[0020] Optionally, a proximity switch is fixedly installed on the mounting frame, the proximity switch is slidably connected to an iron shielding member, the iron shielding member is connected to a return spring, and the proximity switch is installed near the first transport component.

[0021] Optionally, the proximity switch is connected to the first transport component control switch.

[0022] Optionally, the proximity switch is connected to a delay module, and the delay module is connected to an alarm component.

[0023] Optionally, a dust removal component is further included, and the dust removal component includes a bag dust collector.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. By setting up jaw crushing units, adsorption units and flotation units, solid construction waste can be screened after being crushed. Iron objects can be recycled and smelted, concrete blocks can be made into concrete aggregates through sand making process, and small particles screened out can be landfilled or made into fine aggregates. In the process of recycling and reuse, solid construction waste is crushed and screened for pre-treatment, which is convenient for subsequent reuse;

[0026] 2. The fifth silo and inclined filter plate are set up to screen out the overflowing light materials, and the overflowing liquid is returned to the water tank through the return pump, so that the water flow is recycled and resources are saved;

[0027] 3. By setting a sliding iron shielding piece, after the electromagnet is started, the iron shielding piece slides to block the proximity switch signal, and the state of the electromagnet can be sensed through the proximity switch signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flotation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0032] Figure numerals: 1. feeding unit; 11. hopper; 12. conveying assembly; 2. jaw crushing unit; 21. jaw crushing assembly; 3. adsorption unit; 31. first transport assembly; 32. magnetic separation assembly; 321. electromagnet; 322. rotating part; 33. mounting frame; 341. proximity switch; 342. iron shielding member; 343. reset spring; 4. drum screen unit; 41. second transport assembly; 421. first silo; 422. second silo; 5. vibrating screen unit; 51. third silo; 6. flotation unit; 61. water tank; 611. receiving hopper; 612. overflow port; 613. bulk material plate array; 62. third transport assembly; 63. fourth silo; 64. fifth silo; 631. inclined filter plate; 632. return water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1, which is a construction waste pretreatment device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, includes a feeding unit 1, the feeding unit 1 includes a hopper 11 and a conveying component 12, a jaw crushing unit 2 is provided at the output end of the conveying component 12, the jaw crushing unit 2 includes a jaw crushing component 21, an adsorption unit 3 is provided at the output end of the jaw crushing component 21, the adsorption unit 3 includes a first transport component 31 and a magnetic separation component 32, the first transport component 31 is provided at the output end of the jaw crushing component 21, the magnetic separation component 32 is located at the output end of the first transport component 31, a second transport component 41 is provided at the output end of the magnetic separation component 32, a drum screen unit 4 is provided at the output end of the second transport component 41, a first silo 421 and a second silo 422 are provided at the output end of the drum screen unit 4, a vibrating screen unit 5 is provided at the output end of the first transport component 31, and a plurality of third silos 51 are provided at the output end of the vibrating screen unit 5.

[0035] Specifically, solid construction waste is transported to the jaw crusher 2 via the feeding unit 1, which initially crushes larger concrete blocks and other materials. After crushing, the adsorption unit 3 removes iron objects such as steel bar segments from the waste via the magnetic separation component 32. The selected iron objects then enter the drum screen unit 4, where they are screened out for small particles and then fall into the first silo 421. The crushed concrete blocks enter the vibrating screen unit 5, where they are screened out for small particles and then fall into the third silo 51.

[0036] In this way, after the solid construction waste is crushed and screened, the iron objects can be recycled and smelted, the concrete blocks can be made into concrete aggregate after sand making, and the small particles screened out can be landfilled or made into fine aggregate, etc. In the recycling and reuse process, the solid construction waste is crushed and screened for pre-treatment to facilitate subsequent reuse.

[0037] In some feasible embodiments, the feeding unit 1 is used to feed the jaw crushing unit 2. The hopper 11 can be configured as a trumpet shape. The conveying assembly 12 can utilize various transport methods, such as belt conveyor, scraper conveyor, and elevator, depending on the actual layout. The jaw crushing assembly 21 includes a jaw crusher. When processing solid construction waste, larger iron or wooden pieces and other repairable components are separated. Concrete blocks and brick-concrete blocks are often the largest of these solid construction wastes. These are initially crushed by the jaw crusher, particularly concrete blocks mixed with steel segments. After crushing and removing the steel, the crushed concrete blocks are transported to the magnetic separation assembly 32 via the first transport assembly 31.

[0038] The magnetic separation component 32 includes an electromagnet 321, which selects iron parts through the electromagnet 321, transfers the iron parts to the second transport component 41, and sends them to the drum screen unit 4. The drum screen unit 4 includes a drum screen, which screens by rotating. During the rotation, the material is also turned over. While screening small particles to the second silo 422, the debris attached to the surface of the iron parts is further separated and screened by falling and friction, thereby improving the purity of the iron parts output. The iron parts finally enter the first silo 421.

[0039] The crushed material after passing through the magnetic separation component 32 enters the vibrating screen unit 5. The vibrating screen unit 5 can be selected as a linear vibrating screen. After screening, the materials are divided into materials with different particle sizes so as to be processed through different recovery methods. The linear vibrating screen can be selected according to the required particle size distribution. The third silo 51 is set according to the output end of the linear vibrating screen.

[0040] The first transport component 31 and the second transport component 41 can use different transport components such as belt transport, scraper transport, and elevator according to the actual layout.

[0041] In some feasible embodiments, an adsorption unit 3 may be further provided at the second silo 422 to select the iron particles in the middle of the small particles, thereby further improving the recovery rate of the iron materials.

[0042] In some feasible embodiments, a plurality of rectangular plates are fixedly mounted on the inner side surface of the drum screen unit 4 in an axial circumferential array. During the rotation, the material rises to the top of the drum and falls, thereby improving the effect of falling and removing impurities.

[0043] In some feasible methods, a dust removal component is also provided, which includes a bag dust collector. The input end of the bag dust collector is provided with a feeding unit 1, a jaw crusher unit 2, an adsorption unit 3, a drum screen unit 4 and a vibrating screen unit 5 to process the dust.

[0044] As a specific implementation of the construction waste pre-treatment device provided in the application, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A flotation unit 6 is provided at the output end of the vibrating screen unit 5. The flotation unit 6 includes a water tank 61 and a third transport component 62. A receiving hopper 611 is provided in the water tank 61. The input end of the third transport component 62 is located below the receiving hopper 611. The output end of the third transport component 62 is provided with a fourth silo 63.

[0045] In general, by providing the flotation unit 6, lightweight components such as wooden components in the material are screened out, thereby further improving the purity of the material.

[0046] Furthermore, one side of the upper end of the water tank 61 is set as an overflow port 612, a fifth silo 64 is set below the overflow port 612, an inclined filter plate 631 is set in the middle of the fifth silo 64, a return water pump 632 is set at the bottom of the fifth silo 64, and the output end of the return water pump 632 is located in the water tank 61.

[0047] It should be understood that the overflowing light material is screened out by providing the fifth silo 64 and the inclined filter plate 631 , and the overflowing liquid is returned to the water tank 61 by the return pump 632 .

[0048] Furthermore, a bulk material plate array 613 is provided in the receiving hopper 611, and the bulk material plate array 613 includes a plurality of inverted V-shaped plates.

[0049] It should be understood that by providing the bulk plate array 613 , the material is dispersed during the falling process, so that the light material mixed in the material floats out.

[0050] In some feasible embodiments, the water tank 61 is in the shape of a rectangular box, and flowing water is set in the water tank 61. To facilitate material discharge and flotation, a long ramp is set at the feeding position of the hopper 611, and the material enters the water along the long ramp. A hopper is set at the bottom of the long ramp, and the bulk plate array 613 is set on the long ramp. The third transport component 62 is selected as a scraper conveyor, and the position of the third transport component 62 on the water surface is set to be closed to prevent light materials from drifting in.

[0051] The fifth silo 64 is a rectangular silo, and the inclined filter plate 631 is a mesh plate. Light materials slide down through the inclined filter plate 631. A silo can be set at the lower end of the inclined filter plate 631. In order to improve the screening efficiency, a vibration motor can be set at the bottom of the inclined filter plate 631.

[0052] As another specific embodiment of the construction waste pre-processing device provided in the application, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The adsorption unit 3 also includes a mounting bracket 33, and the magnetic separation component 32 includes an electromagnet 321 and a rotating member 322. Two electromagnets 321 are provided, and the end faces of the two electromagnets 321 are arranged perpendicular to each other. The two electromagnets 321 are fixedly mounted on the rotating member 322, and the rotating member 322 is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket 33. The rotating member 322 is equipped with a rotation drive, in which one of the electromagnets 321 is facing the output end of the first transport component 31, and the other electromagnet 321 is facing downwardly towards the input end of the second transport component 41. The rotation drive drives the two electromagnets 321 to switch positions.

[0053] In combination with specific usage scenarios, two electromagnets 321 and a rotating part 322 are set. During the magnetic separation process, the rotating part 322 rotates to switch the two electromagnets 321, so that the electromagnet 321 that has completed adsorption can rotate to the bottom to release the adsorbed iron parts.

[0054] In some feasible embodiments, the mounting frame 33 can be set as a steel frame structure according to the setting conditions, the rotating part 322 includes an L-shaped special-shaped part, the electromagnet 321 is fixedly installed at both ends of the L-shaped special-shaped part, the two electromagnets 321 are centrally symmetrical, and a turntable bearing is arranged along the central axis of their central symmetry. The outer ring of the turntable bearing is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 33, and the inner ring is fixedly connected to the L-shaped special-shaped part. The drive motor is installed in the mounting frame 33, and the output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the turntable bearing.

[0055] Further, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The mounting frame 33 is fixedly mounted with a proximity switch 341 , the proximity switch 341 is slidably connected to an iron shielding member 342 , the iron shielding member 342 is connected to a return spring 343 , and the proximity switch 341 is installed near the first transport component 31 .

[0056] It should be understood that by providing a slidable iron shielding member 342 , after the electromagnet 321 is started, the iron shielding member 342 slides to block the proximity switch 341 signal, and the state of the electromagnet 321 can be sensed through the proximity switch 341 signal.

[0057] In some feasible embodiments, a sliding tube is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 33, an iron shield 342 is installed in the sliding tube, and the two ends of the return spring 343 are respectively connected to the iron shield 342 and the sliding tube. A proximity switch 341 is disposed below the iron shield 342. When the electromagnet 321 is activated, it generates suction, causing the iron shield 342 to slide down and block the proximity switch 341, thereby receiving the activation signal of the electromagnet 321. If the electromagnet 321 malfunctions, the proximity switch 341 loses its blocking function, alerting the operator.

[0058] To facilitate prompting, the proximity switch 341 is connected to a delay module, and the delay module is connected to an alarm component. The delay module is a single-chip microcomputer module, which is installed in the control system of the device. The alarm component can be optionally a buzzer alarm. The delay module delay is the time it takes for the two electromagnets 321 to switch. If this time is exceeded, it can be considered that the electromagnet 321 is faulty.

[0059] To facilitate magnetic separation, both electromagnets 321 maintain a magnetic field during the switching process. After the switching is complete, the lower electromagnet 321 is de-magnetized. Simultaneously, a proximity switch 341 can be connected to the control switch of the first transport assembly 31. In the event of a malfunction of the electromagnet 321, feedback control is provided to partially suspend operation of the first transport assembly 31. To facilitate this suspension, a buffer hopper can be provided between the input end of the first transport assembly 31 and the output end of the jaw crusher assembly 21 to prevent material accumulation in the jaw crusher assembly 21.

[0060] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction waste pretreatment device, characterized in that: include: A feeding unit (1), the feeding unit (1) comprising a hopper (11) and a conveying assembly (12); A jaw crushing unit (2), the jaw crushing unit (2) being arranged at the output end of the conveying assembly (12), and comprising a jaw crushing assembly (21); An adsorption unit (3), the adsorption unit (3) comprising a first transport component (31) and a magnetic separation component (32), the first transport component (31) being arranged at the output end of the jaw crushing component (21), and the magnetic separation component (32) being located at the output end of the first transport component (31); A drum screen unit (4), wherein a second transport component (41) is arranged between the drum screen unit (4) and an output end of the magnetic separation component (32), and a first silo (421) and a second silo (422) are arranged at the output end of the drum screen unit (4); A vibrating screen unit (5), wherein the vibrating screen unit (5) is arranged at an output end of the first transport component (31), and a plurality of third silos (51) are arranged at the output end of the vibrating screen unit (5).

2. The construction waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the vibrating screen unit (5) is provided with a flotation unit (6), and the flotation unit (6) comprises: A water tank (61), wherein a material receiving hopper (611) is arranged in the water tank (61); A third transport component (62), wherein the input end of the third transport component (62) is located below the receiving hopper (611), and a fourth silo (63) is provided at the output end of the third transport component (62).

3. The construction waste pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the upper end of the water tank (61) is arranged as an overflow port (612), a fifth silo (64) is arranged below the overflow port (612), an inclined filter plate (631) is arranged in the middle of the fifth silo (64), a return water pump (632) is arranged at the bottom of the fifth silo (64), and an output end of the return water pump (632) is located in the water tank (61).

4. The construction waste pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bulk material plate array (613) is arranged in the receiving hopper (611), and the bulk material plate array (613) includes a plurality of inverted V-shaped plates.

5. The construction waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption unit (3) further comprises a mounting frame (33), and the magnetic separation assembly (32) comprises: An electromagnet (321), wherein two electromagnets (321) are provided, and end surfaces of the two electromagnets (321) are arranged perpendicular to each other; A rotating member (322), the two electromagnets (321) are fixedly mounted on the rotating member (322), the rotating member (322) is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (33), and the rotating member (322) is equipped with a rotation drive; One of the electromagnets (321) faces the output end of the first transport component (31), and the other electromagnet (321) faces downwards the input end of the second transport component (41), and the rotation drive drives the two electromagnets (321) to change positions.

6. The construction waste pretreatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting frame (33) is fixedly mounted with a proximity switch (341), the proximity switch (341) is slidably connected to an iron shielding member (342), the iron shielding member (342) is connected to a return spring (343), and the proximity switch (341) is mounted at a position close to the first transport component (31).

7. The construction waste pretreatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The proximity switch (341) is connected to a control switch of the first transport component (31).

8. The construction waste pretreatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The proximity switch (341) is connected to a delay module, and the delay module is connected to an alarm component.

9. The construction waste pretreatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Also included is a dust removal assembly, which includes a bag dust collector.

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