Pressing device for machining and manufacturing

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining equipment, and discloses a pressing device for machining and manufacturing, the pressing device comprises a base and a clamp mechanism, a linkage system driven by a hydraulic rod is arranged in the middle of the base in a hollowed-out mode, and a four-direction clamping structure is formed by a fixed clamping piece, an opposite moving clamping piece and linkage clamping pieces on the two sides. The outer layer is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber woven layer, the middle layer is a shear thickening gel layer, the inner layer is an electromagnetically-controllable magnetorheological fluid cavity, and the electromagnetic coils distributed on the two sides of the clamping piece are matched, so that continuous adjustment of the contact rigidity from flexible attachment to rigid locking is achieved. The device is integrated with an energy recovery system, a lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric plate is arranged on a sliding rail at the top of a clamping piece, machining vibration energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in a bottom lithium battery, and power is supplied to an electromagnetic system to form an energy closed loop. The device breaks through the form limitation of a traditional clamp, can adapt to most special-shaped workpiece contours, meanwhile, has the functions of utilizing kinetic energy and reducing energy consumption, can meet the daily use requirement, and has commercial prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment, in particular to a clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern industry, mechanical processing and manufacturing processing cannot be separated from the clamping device to fix the workpiece. However, the existing mechanical clamping devices still have certain technical defects in many aspects and are difficult to cope with target workpieces of different shapes. Especially when processing irregular workpieces, traditional mechanical fixtures cannot be effectively adapted and cannot meet the increasingly complex and changeable clamping needs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing, including a base and a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is installed on the top surface of the base, and is characterized in that the middle part of the base is hollowed out; the clamping mechanism includes a fixed clamp, an opposing movable clamp, two symmetrically arranged lateral movable clamps, a linkage member and a hydraulic rod; the hydraulic rod is embedded in the base, and the output end of the hydraulic rod is connected to the opposing movable clamp for pushing the opposing movable clamp; the linkage member is sleeved on the rod body of the hydraulic rod, located at the hollow middle part of the base, and movable The arm, the linkage part is hinged with the two lateral moving clamps through the movable arm, and is used to push the lateral moving clamps on both sides; the clamping parts provided by the fixed clamp, the opposite moving clamp and the two lateral moving clamps are all facing inward, and the clamping parts are composed of an outer layer, a middle layer, an isolation layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber woven layer, the middle layer is a shear thickening gel layer, the isolation layer is a fluororubber sealing layer, and the inner layer is a magnetorheological fluid cavity; the fixed clamp, the opposite moving clamp and the two lateral moving clamps are respectively provided with electromagnetic coils, and the electromagnetic coils are distributed on both sides of their clamping parts.

[0005] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side walls of the base are provided with a plurality of slideways; the oppositely movable clamps and the two lateral movable clamps are provided with slideways through which slide bars pass through corresponding positions, and the ends of the slide bars are provided with limit members.

[0006] As a further preferred solution of the present invention, a return spring is further provided between the oppositely movable clamping member and the linkage member, and the return spring is sleeved on the rod body of the hydraulic rod.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top surfaces of the fixed clamp, the opposing movable clamp and the two laterally movable clamps are all provided with slide rails, and a plurality of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheets are slidably mounted on the slide rails, and the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheets are in contact with the clamping components.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cavity is provided at the bottom of the base, and a lithium battery is installed on the cavity; the output end of the lithium battery is respectively connected to multiple electromagnetic coils through wires, the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheet is connected to the input end of the lithium battery through wires, and the lithium battery is independently provided with an external power supply connection.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing, which has the following beneficial effects: The device can improve the adaptability of the clamping device, can meet the processing requirements of most special-shaped workpieces, can achieve precise adjustment of the clamping force and rigidity, and at the same time has the function of utilizing kinetic energy to reduce energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 The structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ; Figure 4 The present invention is used in a state diagram Figure 1 ; Figure 5 The present invention is used in a state diagram Figure 2 ; Figure 6 The present invention is used in a state diagram Figure 3 ; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the clamping component; Among them: 1. Base; 2. Clamp mechanism; 2-1. Fixed clamp; 2-2. Oppositely movable clamp; 2-3. Laterally movable clamp; 2-4. Linkage; 2-4-1. Movable arm; 2-5. Hydraulic rod; 3. Clamping component; 3-1. Outer layer; 3-2. Middle layer; 3-3. Isolation layer; 3-4. Inner layer; 4. Electromagnetic coil; 5. Slide; 6. Slide rod; 7. Limiting component; 8. Reset spring; 9. Slide rail; 10. Piezoelectric sheet; 11. Lithium battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0012] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0013] In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel options. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes option A, or option B, or a option in which both A and B are satisfied.

[0014] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0015] Reference Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing, comprising a base 1 and a clamping mechanism 2, wherein the clamping mechanism 2 is installed on the top surface of the base 1, and is characterized in that the middle part of the base 1 is hollowed out; the clamping mechanism 2 comprises a fixed clamp 2-1, an opposing movable clamp 2-2, two symmetrically arranged lateral movable clamps 2-3, a linkage member 2-4 and a hydraulic rod 2-5; the hydraulic rod 2-5 is embedded in the base 1, and the output end of the hydraulic rod 2-5 is connected to the opposing movable clamp 2-2 for pushing the opposing movable clamp 2-2; the linkage member 2-4 is sleeved on the rod body of the hydraulic rod 2-5, and is located at the hollow middle part of the base 1, and movable arms 2-41 are provided on both sides of the linkage member 2-4, and the linkage member 2-4 is movable The arm 2-41 is hinged to the two lateral moving clamps 2-3 respectively, and is used to push the lateral moving clamps 2-3 on both sides; the clamping parts 3 provided on the fixed clamp 2-1, the opposite moving clamp 2-2 and the two lateral moving clamps 2-3 are all facing inward, and the clamping part 3 is composed of an outer layer 3-1, an intermediate layer 3-2, an isolation layer 3-3 and an inner layer 3-4, wherein the outer layer 3-1 is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber woven layer, the intermediate layer 3-2 is a shear thickening gel layer, and the isolation layer 3-3 is a fluororubber sealing layer to prevent the shear thickening gel layer (STG) from contacting the inner layer 3-4 to cause performance degradation, and the inner layer 3-4 is a magnetorheological fluid cavity; the fluororubber film is laser welded to form a sealed cavity, and the helium mass spectrometer leak detection rate is <1×10⁻ 6 Pa·m³ / s.

[0016] The fixed clamp 2 - 1 , the oppositely movable clamp 2 - 2 and the two lateral movable clamps 2 - 3 are respectively provided with electromagnetic coils 4 , and the electromagnetic coils 4 are distributed on both sides of the clamping part 3 thereof.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side walls of the base 1 are provided with a plurality of slideways 5; the oppositely movable clamps 2-2 and the two lateral movable clamps 2-3 are both provided with slide rods 6 passing through the slideways 5 at corresponding positions, and the ends of the slide rods 6 are provided with limit members 7.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a reset spring 8 is provided between the oppositely movable clamp 2-2 and the linkage member 2-4, and the reset spring 8 is sleeved on the rod body of the hydraulic rod 2-5 to prevent the linkage member 2-4 from moving excessively and causing reset difficulties.

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top surfaces of the fixed clamp 2-1, the opposing movable clamp 2-2 and the two lateral movable clamps 2-3 are all provided with slide rails 9, and a plurality of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheets 10 are slidably mounted on the slide rails 9, and the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheets 10 are in contact with the clamping component 3.

[0020] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cavity is provided at the bottom of the base 1, and a lithium battery 11 is installed on the cavity; the output end of the lithium battery 11 is respectively connected to multiple electromagnetic coils 4 through wires, the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheet 10 is connected to the input end of the lithium battery 11 through wires, and the lithium battery 11 is independently provided with an external power supply connection.

[0021] As a specific embodiment of the present invention: The outer layer of the clamping component 3 is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber braided layer woven in a fish scale shape (overlapping rate 30%). The pierced object is deflected by multiple layers and dissipates energy. It can withstand the puncture force of 500N of a 1mm diameter tungsten steel needle, effectively preventing the puncture of special-shaped workpieces, so that the magnetorheological fluid of the inner layer 3-4 remains stable and has good ductility.

[0022] The magnetorheological fluid of the inner layer 3-4 is made of carbonyl iron powder (35-45 vol%) + silicone oil (viscosity 0.05-0.2 Pa·s) + nano titanium dioxide thixotropic agent (0.5-2 wt%).

[0023] When clamping a regular workpiece, first put the workpiece on the base 1, and then energize the electromagnetic coil 4. After the electromagnetic coil 4 is energized, a magnetic field is formed around it, and the magnetic particles are magnetized and arranged in a chain or columnar structure along the direction of the magnetic flux lines. The particle chain enhances the shear stress of the liquid, causing the magnetorheological fluid to exhibit Bingham fluid properties. The apparent viscosity rises sharply, causing the magnetorheological fluid of the inner layer 3-4 to solidify. The hardness of the solidification is related to the magnetic field strength, and stepless continuous control can be achieved by adjusting the current. After the clamping component 3 is solidified, the hydraulic rod 2-5 is started to shrink so that the opposing movable clamp 2-2 moves toward the fixed clamp 2-1. At the same time, the two lateral movable clamps 2-3 are driven to shrink inward through the linkage 2-4 to achieve the clamping of the regular workpiece. After clamping, other machine tools can be used to process the workpiece. After the processing is completed, the opposing movable clamp 2-2 and the lateral movable clamp 2-3 can be released from the workpiece by pushing out the hydraulic rod 2-5, and the workpiece can be taken out.

[0024] When clamping a special-shaped workpiece, first put the workpiece on the base 1, then start the hydraulic rod 2-5 to shrink so that the opposite moving clamp 2-2 moves toward the fixed clamp 2-1, and at the same time drive the two lateral moving clamps 2-3 to shrink inward through the linkage 2-4 to contact the special-shaped workpiece, and the clamping component 3 is deformed to fit the contact surface of the special-shaped workpiece through pressure, and then start the electromagnetic coil 4 to energize. After the electromagnetic coil 4 is energized, a magnetic field is formed around it, and the magnetic particles are magnetized and arranged in a chain or columnar structure along the direction of the magnetic flux lines. The particle chain enhances the shear stress of the liquid, causing the magnetorheological fluid to exhibit Bingham plastic (Bingham fluid) characteristics, and the apparent viscosity rises sharply, causing the magnetorheological fluid of the inner layer 3-4 to solidify. After solidification, the hydraulic rod 2-5 is further retracted to ensure that the workpiece is clamped. After clamping, other machine tools can be used to process the workpiece. After processing, the opposite moving clamp 2-2 and the lateral moving clamp 2-3 can be pushed out by the hydraulic rod 2-5 to release the workpiece and take it out.

[0025] In addition, when processing the workpiece, the position of the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheet 10 can be moved so that the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheet 10 contacts the top surface of the clamping component 3 or contacts the workpiece (adjusted according to the specific situation). Since vibrations will be generated during the processing, when external force (pressure, bending or vibration) acts on the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheet 10v, its internal crystal structure is deformed, resulting in changes in the arrangement of electric domains. The displacement of the electric dipole moment generates charges on the surface of the material. The charge generation formula is:

[0026] In the formula is the amount of charge generated, is the piezoelectric coefficient, is the applied force; Thus converted into voltage output, the voltage output formula is:

[0027] in, It is the capacitor of the piezoelectric film; it utilizes the mechanical vibration generated during the workpiece processing, converts it into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect, and outputs it to the lithium battery 11 for storage. It can be used as an emergency power supply as a backup, or when the power is sufficient, it can power the electromagnetic coil 4, thereby saving energy consumption.

[0028] As needed, the above-mentioned installation, setting, provision or connection methods include but are not limited to installation, setting or connection by screws, riveting, welding or socketing, fixing, etc., and the installation, setting or connection method is selected according to the needs of the working scenario.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing, comprising a base (1) and a clamping mechanism (2), wherein the clamping mechanism (2) is mounted on the top surface of the base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is hollowed out in the middle; the clamp mechanism (2) comprises a fixed clamp (2-1), an opposing movable clamp (2-2), two symmetrically arranged lateral movable clamps (2-3), a linkage member (2-4) and a hydraulic rod (2-5); the hydraulic rod (2-5) is embedded in the base (1), and the output end of the hydraulic rod (2-5) is connected to the opposing movable clamp (2-2) for pushing the opposing movable clamp (2-2); the linkage member (2-4) is sleeved on the rod body of the hydraulic rod (2-5) and is located in the hollowed-out middle of the base (1), and movable arms (2-41) are provided on both sides of the linkage member (2-4), and the linkage member (2-4) is moved by the movable arms (2-41) They are respectively hinged to the two lateral moving clamps (2-3) and are used to push the lateral moving clamps (2-3) on both sides; the clamping parts (3) provided on the fixed clamp (2-1), the opposite moving clamp (2-2) and the two lateral moving clamps (2-3) are all facing inwards, and the clamping parts (3) are composed of an outer layer (3-1), an intermediate layer (3-2), an isolation layer (3-3) and an inner layer (3-4), wherein the inner layer (3-4) is a magnetorheological fluid cavity; the fixed clamp (2-1), the opposite moving clamp (2-2) and the two lateral moving clamps (2-3) are respectively provided with electromagnetic coils (4), and the electromagnetic coils (4) are distributed on both sides of the corresponding clamping parts (3).

2. The clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the base (1) is provided with a plurality of slideways (5); the oppositely movable clamping member (2-2) and the two lateral movable clamping members (2-3) are both provided with slide bars (6) passing through the slideways (5) at corresponding positions, and the ends of the slide bars (6) are provided with stoppers (7).

3. The clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A return spring (8) is also provided between the oppositely movable clamping member (2-2) and the linkage member (2-4), and the return spring (8) is sleeved on the rod body of the hydraulic rod (2-5).

4. The clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surfaces of the fixed clamp (2-1), the oppositely movable clamp (2-2) and the two laterally movable clamps (2-3) are all provided with slide rails (9), and a plurality of piezoelectric sheets (10) are slidably mounted on the slide rails (9), and the piezoelectric sheets (10) are in contact with the clamping component (3).

5. The clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The piezoelectric sheet (10) is a lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheet.

6. The clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cavity is provided at the bottom of the base (1), and a lithium battery (11) is installed in the cavity; the output end of the lithium battery (11) is connected to a plurality of electromagnetic coils (4) via wires, the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric sheet (10) is connected to the input end of the lithium battery (11) via wires, and the lithium battery (11) is independently provided with an external power supply connection.

7. The clamping device for mechanical processing and manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer layer (3-1) is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber braided layer, the middle layer (3-2) is a shear thickening gel layer, and the isolation layer (3-3) is a fluororubber sealing layer.

Images