A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of sound absorbing materials, and in particular to a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material and a preparation method thereof. The present application discloses a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together; the sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials: 55-70 parts of an aerogel perlite composite, 5-7 parts of kaolin, 5-7 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 6-9 parts of dolomite, 12-18 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder; the sound absorption layer comprises the following raw materials: 65-75 parts of a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 4-6 parts of talc, 9-11 parts of granite tailings, 8-10 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder. The present application forms a novel material having a three-dimensional structure combining open and closed pores by using the aerogel perlite composite as the main component of the sound insulation layer and combining it with a sound absorption layer composed of the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, thereby overcoming the problem that existing materials cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of efficient sound absorption and sound insulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sound absorbing materials, and in particular to a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society and the improvement of people's quality of life, the demand for sound insulation and sound absorption materials in the construction and industrial sectors is increasing. As a new green and environmentally friendly building material, foam ceramics show broad application prospects in prefabricated buildings and green architecture. Its advantages include lightweight, high strength, waterproof and moisture-proof, mildew-resistant and antibacterial, durable and weather-resistant, fire-resistant, thermally insulating, and soundproofing, making it a key component of modern architectural and industrial noise reduction solutions.

[0003] However, current sound insulation and sound absorption materials still have some shortcomings in practical applications:

[0004] Single-layer structure limitations: Most sound-absorbing and insulating materials currently on the market are single-layer structures, which limits their sound absorption performance because a single structure cannot effectively cover a wide frequency range. Furthermore, existing materials often fail to incorporate sophisticated acoustic design and rigorous acoustic testing, resulting in porous structures with low pore uniformity and fineness, which affects the ultimate application effect.

[0005] Single-function: Existing sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials are either open-cell, providing good sound insulation but limited absorption, or closed-cell, effectively absorbing sound but providing poor sound insulation. Therefore, these materials, when used alone, cannot simultaneously meet the requirements for efficient sound absorption and sound insulation.

[0006] Issues with service life and environmental adaptability: Traditional sound-absorbing and insulating materials, such as glass wool, can cause secondary environmental pollution, while metal sound-absorbing panels are susceptible to corrosion, reducing their service life and exhibiting poor weather resistance in the face of climate change. These flaws limit the material's ability to operate stably and long-term outdoors or in harsh environments.

[0007] Complex manufacturing process: To achieve good sound absorption and sound insulation effects, traditional methods often require producing two different types of materials separately and then bonding them together. This not only increases the difficulty of construction, but may also shorten the service life of the product because the joint between the two parts is often the weakest point of the entire structure.

[0008] In summary, although there are a variety of sound-absorbing and sound-isolating materials and technical solutions on the market, there is still much room for improvement in improving the overall performance of materials, simplifying production processes, and enhancing environmental adaptability. To this end, this application provides a foam ceramic sound-insulating and sound-absorbing composite molding material and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material and a preparation method thereof. By using an aerogel perlite composite as the main component of the sound insulation layer and combining it with a sound absorption layer composed of a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, a new material with a three-dimensional structure combining open and closed pores is formed. This overcomes the problem that existing materials cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of efficient sound absorption and sound insulation, and prevents the problems of increased construction difficulty and shortened service life when the two layers of materials are produced separately and then bonded together.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problems is:

[0011] In a first aspect, the present application provides a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0012] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0013] 55-70 parts of aerogel perlite compound, 5-7 parts of kaolin, 5-7 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 6-9 parts of dolomite, 12-18 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0014] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0015] 65-75 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 4-6 parts of talc, 9-11 parts of granite tailings, 8-10 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0016] The preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite comprises the following steps:

[0017] The SiO2 sol and perlite are impregnated under vacuum, and then filtered, aged and dried in sequence to obtain an aerogel perlite composite.

[0018] The preparation method of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite comprises the following steps:

[0019] B1. Pretreatment of diatomaceous earth

[0020] Dispersing diatomaceous earth in concentrated sulfuric acid, ultrasonically cleaning it in an ultrasonic cleaner, and then drying, washing, drying, and calcining it to obtain pretreated diatomaceous earth;

[0021] B2. Preparation of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite:

[0022] Weigh the pretreated diatomaceous earth, disperse it in water, add TiCl4; heat to boiling, add ammonia water, adjust the pH value to neutral, and reflux;

[0023] After the reflux treatment is completed, the product is filtered, dried and calcined to obtain a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, in step B1, the calcination is performed at 900° C. for 2 hours; and in step B2, the calcination is performed at 500° C. for 2 hours.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, in step B2, the weight ratio of the pretreated diatomaceous earth to TiCl4 is 1:1.1-1.3.

[0026] In some specific embodiments, in the method for preparing the aerogel perlite composite, the impregnation treatment is performed under a vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa for 3-4 hours.

[0027] In some specific embodiments, in the method for preparing an aerogel perlite composite, the aging treatment is aging at room temperature for 24 hours.

[0028] In some specific embodiments, in the method for preparing the aerogel perlite composite, the drying is performed at 120° C. under normal pressure for 8 hours.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step (1) taking materials according to the raw material composition of the sound insulation layer; preparing the sound insulation layer powder by ball milling and spray granulation; spreading the sound insulation layer powder in the refractory kiln furniture to a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraping it flat;

[0031] Step (2) taking materials according to the raw material composition of the sound absorbing layer; preparing the sound absorbing layer powder by ball milling and spray granulation, spreading the sound absorbing layer powder on the upper layer of the sound insulation layer powder, the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 25 to 75 mm, and scraping to obtain a blank;

[0032] Step (3) feeding the blank into a kiln for firing at a temperature of 30 to 300° C. for a firing period of 1 hour; and then performing multiple high-temperature firing steps;

[0033] After the firing in step (4) is completed, the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material is obtained by cooling and taking it out of the kiln.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the raw materials for the sound insulation layer in step (1) are taken, the raw materials for the sound insulation layer are placed in a ball mill, ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours to form a slurry, the slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower, the moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is placed in a silo and aged for 20 hours;

[0035] The aged powder is conveyed to the roller pelletizer through a conveyor for granulation. The particles have a moisture content of 5%; The particles are spread on the refractory kiln furniture with a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraped flat.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, in step (2), materials are taken according to the raw material composition of the sound absorbing layer, kaolin, talc, granite tailings, feldspar, and silicon carbide powder are placed in a ball mill, ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours to form a slurry, the slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower, the moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is placed in a silo for aging for 20 hours;

[0037] The aged powder is conveyed to the roller pelletizer through a conveyor for granulation. The particles have a moisture content of 5%. Then, the particles are fed into a drum equipped with spiral blades simultaneously through a feeding belt and the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite discharged from the hopper. They are rolled in the drum for 5 minutes to fully wrap each particle with the diatomaceous earth. The particles discharged from the drum are loaded into kiln furniture with a ceramic fiber paper padded inner surface and fed into the kiln via a transmission device. The temperature is rapidly raised to 1130°C and kept warm for 30 minutes. After the insulation period, the kiln is rapidly cooled to obtain a sound-absorbing layer powder. The sound-absorbing layer powder is sprinkled on the upper layer of the sound-insulating layer powder to a thickness of 25 to 75 mm and then scraped flat.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, in step (3), the specific process of multi-stage high-temperature sintering is: 300-300°C, sintering period 0.5h; 300-900°C, sintering period 3h; 900-900°C, sintering period 0.5h; 900-1130°C, sintering period 2h; 1130-1130°C, sintering period 0.5h; 950-900°C, sintering period 2h.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] This application's foamed ceramic sound insulation and absorption composite material utilizes the unique physical and chemical properties of two composite materials. The aerogel-perlite composite is created by vacuum impregnating SiO2 sol into expanded perlite, creating a closed-cell structure that effectively blocks sound wave propagation. The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, on the other hand, optimizes its porous network structure to enhance its absorption capacity for sound waves of varying frequencies. This overcomes the limitations of traditional sound insulation and absorption materials, such as their single-layer structure, single function, service life, and environmental adaptability.

[0041] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material of the present application has a high porosity, ensuring good sound absorption performance; it is resistant to climate change and corrosion, improving the stability and life of the material under various environmental conditions; it is heat-resistant and shock-resistant, enhancing the application range of the material in high temperature or vibration environments.

[0042] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material of the present application realizes both excellent sound absorption and sound insulation properties in the same material, is produced using raw materials such as ceramic waste, and reduces environmental pollution.

[0043] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material of the present application not only improves the functionality and applicability of the material, but also provides a more efficient, durable and environmentally friendly option for the construction and industrial fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material described in this application;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material described in this application.

[0047] Among them: 1. Sound insulation layer; 2. Sound absorption layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. The contents mentioned in the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0049] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes all combinations of any one or more of the associated listed items. The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "an" and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It is further understood that "including", when used in this specification, specifies the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It is further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, are interpreted in accordance with their meanings in the context of the relevant art and are not idealized or overly formalized unless expressly defined herein.

[0051] The exemplary inventions described herein may suitably lack any one or more element limitations not specifically disclosed herein. Therefore, terms such as "comprises," "includes," "contains," and the like should be understood broadly and non-restrictively. In addition, the terminology used herein is used as a description, not a limitation, and it is unintentional to use these terminology expressions that do not include any equivalent characteristics, but only describe a portion of their characteristics, but various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention according to the rights. Therefore, although the present invention has been specifically disclosed through preferred embodiments and optional features, the modifications disclosed herein to embody the changes of the invention may be recorded by those skilled in the art, and such modifications and changes will be considered to be within the scope of the invention.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer 1 and a sound absorption layer 2 composited together;

[0053] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0054] 55-70 parts of aerogel perlite compound, 5-7 parts of kaolin, 5-7 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 6-9 parts of dolomite, 12-18 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0055] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0056] 65-75 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 4-6 parts of talc, 9-11 parts of granite tailings, 8-10 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0057] The preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite comprises the following steps:

[0058] The SiO2 sol and perlite are impregnated under vacuum, and then filtered, aged and dried in sequence to obtain an aerogel perlite composite.

[0059] The preparation method of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite comprises the following steps:

[0060] B1. Pretreatment of diatomaceous earth

[0061] Dispersing diatomaceous earth in concentrated sulfuric acid, ultrasonically cleaning it in an ultrasonic cleaner, and then drying, washing, drying, and calcining it to obtain pretreated diatomaceous earth;

[0062] B2. Preparation of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite:

[0063] Weigh the pretreated diatomaceous earth, disperse it in water, add TiCl4; heat to boiling, add ammonia water, adjust the pH value to neutral, and reflux;

[0064] After the reflux treatment is completed, the product is filtered, dried and calcined to obtain a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite.

[0065] In this application, the functions and purposes of each raw material in the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer are as follows:

[0066] 1. In the sound insulation layer

[0067] ① Aerogel perlite composite (55-70 parts):

[0068] Function: As the main component of the sound insulation layer, it forms a closed-pore structure by vacuum impregnating SiO2 sol into the expanded perlite.

[0069] Purpose of addition: This closed-cell structure can effectively block the propagation of sound waves and improve sound insulation performance; at the same time, it enhances the mechanical strength of the material, making the overall structure more solid and durable.

[0070] ②Kaolin (5-7 parts):

[0071] Function: Acts as a binder to help other ingredients combine better.

[0072] Purpose of addition: To increase the integrity and stability of the material, ensure the uniform distribution of various components, and help improve the physical properties after firing.

[0073] ③Talc (5-7 parts):

[0074] Function: It has lubricating properties, can reduce the friction between powders, and facilitate molding processing.

[0075] Purpose of addition: Improve the plasticity and processing performance of the material, make the molding process smoother, and help reduce losses in the production process.

[0076] ④ Wollastonite (4-6 parts):

[0077] Function: Provide additional filling effect and adjust the density and hardness of the material.

[0078] Purpose of addition: To optimize the mechanical properties of the material so that it exhibits better compressive resistance when subjected to external pressure, while also contributing to the acoustic performance.

[0079] ⑤ Dolomite (6-9 parts):

[0080] Function: Carbonate minerals containing magnesium and calcium can improve the refractoriness and chemical stability of materials.

[0081] Purpose of addition: Enhance the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the material, extend its service life, and is especially suitable for use outdoors or in harsh environments.

[0082] ⑥ Feldspar (12-18 parts):

[0083] Function: As a flux, it can react with other ingredients at high temperatures to promote the sintering of materials.

[0084] Purpose of addition: To ensure that the materials are fully integrated during the firing process to form a dense and uniform structure, thereby improving the quality of the final product.

[0085] ⑦ Silicon carbide powder (0.2-0.5 parts):

[0086] Function: Extremely hard ceramic material with good thermal conductivity and wear resistance.

[0087] Purpose of addition: Adding a small amount to improve the wear resistance and thermal shock resistance of the material without affecting other properties.

[0088] 2. In the sound absorption layer

[0089] ①TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (65-75 parts):

[0090] Function: The main sound-absorbing component, optimizes the porous network structure, and enhances the absorption capacity of sound waves of different frequencies.

[0091] Purpose of addition: By introducing TiO2, the pore distribution and connectivity are improved, the sound absorption performance is further optimized, the sound absorption frequency band is adjusted, and the density and elastic modulus of the material may be changed.

[0092] ②Kaolin (4-6 parts):

[0093] Function: Also acts as a binder, helping to maintain the integrity of the composite material.

[0094] Purpose of addition: To ensure uniform mixing of ingredients and improve the overall stability and consistency of the material.

[0095] ③ Talc (4-6 parts):

[0096] Function: Provide lubrication effect, which is beneficial to molding processing.

[0097] Purpose of addition: Similar to the sound insulation layer, it improves the plasticity and processing performance of the material and ensures a smooth molding process.

[0098] ④Granite tailings (9-11 parts):

[0099] Function: As a filler, it increases the hardness and density of the material.

[0100] Purpose of addition: To provide additional support to the material, making it stronger, while utilizing its granular structure to assist in sound absorption.

[0101] ⑤ Feldspar (8-10 parts):

[0102] Function: Promote the sintering of materials and ensure that all components are fully integrated.

[0103] Purpose of addition: To form a dense and uniform structure and improve the quality and sound absorption performance of the material.

[0104] ⑥ Silicon carbide powder (0.2-0.5 parts):

[0105] Function: Improve the wear resistance and thermal shock resistance of materials.

[0106] Purpose of addition: Although the amount is small, it has an important impact on the long-term stability and performance of the material.

[0107] Therefore, through the combined action of the above raw materials, the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material not only improves the sound absorption and sound insulation effects of the material, but also enhances its durability and practicality, meeting the needs of modern construction and industrial fields for efficient noise reduction solutions.

[0108] It can be understood that the open-pore structure refers to the existence of interconnected channels inside the material, which allow media such as gas, liquid or sound waves to flow or propagate freely inside the material; the closed-pore structure means that the channels inside the material are closed to each other and not connected to other channels. This structure can effectively prevent the propagation of media such as gas, liquid or sound waves, thereby improving the thermal insulation, sound insulation and other properties of the material.

[0109] Preparation Example 1

[0110] The preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite comprises the following steps:

[0111] A1. Industrial sodium silicate (Na2O·nSiO2, n=3.3) with a density of 1.385 g / mL and a solid content of 34% was selected as the silicon source. The industrial sodium silicate was thoroughly mixed with 10 parts water. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was added to adjust the pH to 2-3. The acidified solution was aged at room temperature for 36 hours to obtain a SiO2 sol.

[0112] A2. Drain the prepared SiO2 sol into a vacuum cylinder containing expanded perlite, submerge the expanded perlite, and then seal the vacuum cylinder. Turn on the vacuum pump and immerse the sol at a vacuum of 0.08 MPa for 3-4 hours.

[0113] A3. After the impregnation treatment is completed, the expanded perlite adsorbed with SiO2 sol is removed and the sol on the surface is filtered out, placed in a sealed container and wait for gel formation (takes 10 hours), and then aged at room temperature for 36 hours.

[0114] A4. After aging, the mixture was dried at 120°C at normal pressure for 8 hours to obtain an aerogel perlite composite.

[0115] In the present application, the gel perlite composite is used as the main component of the sound insulation layer. The composite is formed by vacuum impregnation of SiO2 sol into the interior of expanded perlite, which not only enhances the mechanical strength of the material but also improves the sound insulation performance due to its closed-cell structure.

[0116] Preparation Example 2

[0117] The preparation method of nano TiO2-diatomite comprises the following steps:

[0118] B1. Pretreatment of diatomaceous earth

[0119] The diatomaceous earth was dispersed in concentrated sulfuric acid and ultrasonically cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaner for 0.5 hours to remove impurities; the cleaned diatomaceous earth was dried in a blast drying oven at 100°C for 0.5 hours.

[0120] The diatomaceous earth was washed with deionized water until neutral and dried again at 100 °C for 1 h;

[0121] The diatomaceous earth was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 900° C. for 2 hours to obtain pretreated diatomaceous earth.

[0122] B2. Preparation of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite:

[0123] Weigh 20 g of pretreated diatomaceous earth, disperse it in 800 ml of water, and transfer it to a three-necked distillation flask.

[0124] Under stirring and heating to 60°C, add an aqueous solution of TiCl4 (prepared by dissolving 22 grams of TiCl4 in 200 ml of water); after the addition is completed, heat to boiling, add ammonia water dropwise, and adjust the pH to 7; after the pH adjustment is completed, heat to reflux for 3 hours.

[0125] Reflux, cool to room temperature, filter, and wash the filter cake with distilled water until it is free of Cl - The ions remained and were then dried in a drying oven at 100°C; the dried sample was crushed, passed through a 300-mesh sieve, and calcined in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 2 hours to obtain a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite.

[0126] A small amount of TiO2-diatomite composite sample was pressed into a pellet or mixed with KBr to make a transparent sheet, and then placed in a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for measurement. It was found that at about 460 cm -1 The Ti-O stretching vibration peak appears around 790-1100cm -1 There are Si-O-Si stretching vibration peaks in the range. The existence of these characteristic peaks confirms that TiO2 has been successfully chemically bonded to diatomaceous earth.

[0127] The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite prepared by the above preparation method has excellent acoustic properties due to the unique microstructure of diatomaceous earth. Its interior is full of tiny pores, which can effectively absorb sound waves and reduce reflection, thereby achieving a sound insulation effect.

[0128] By loading TiO2 into the TiO2-diatomite composite, the distribution and connectivity of the diatomite pores can be improved to a certain extent, further optimizing its sound absorption performance. Furthermore, the introduction of TiO2 may also alter the material's density and elastic modulus, which is also beneficial for adjusting the sound absorption frequency band.

[0129] TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is a green material based on natural minerals. It is non-toxic and harmless and meets the requirements of modern building decoration materials for health and environmental friendliness.

[0130] Preparation Example 3

[0131] A method for preparing a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0132] Step (1) The raw materials for the sound insulation layer are taken and placed in a ball mill. Ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours to form a slurry. The slurry is sieved through a 200-mesh screen and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower. The moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is placed in a silo and aged for 20 hours.

[0133] The aged powder is conveyed to the roller pelletizer through a conveyor for granulation. The particles have a moisture content of 5%; The particles are spread on the refractory kiln furniture with a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraped flat.

[0134] In step (2), the raw materials of the sound absorbing layer are taken according to their composition. Kaolin, talc, granite tailings, feldspar, and silicon carbide powder are placed in a ball mill and then ball-milled for 12 hours with ceramic balls. The slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower. The moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is placed in a silo for aging for 20 hours.

[0135] The aged powder is conveyed to the roller pelletizer through a conveyor for granulation. The particles have a moisture content of 5%. Then, the particles are simultaneously fed into a drum equipped with spiral blades via a feeding belt and the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite discharged from a hopper. The particles are rolled in the drum for 5 minutes to fully wrap each particle with the diatomaceous earth. The particles discharged from the drum are loaded into a kiln furniture with a ceramic fiber paper padded inner surface and fed into the kiln via a transmission device. The temperature is rapidly raised to 1130°C and kept at this temperature for 30 minutes. After the holding period, the kiln is rapidly cooled to obtain a sound-absorbing layer powder. The sound-absorbing layer powder is sprinkled on the upper layer of the sound-insulating layer powder to a thickness of 25 to 75 mm and then leveled to obtain a blank.

[0136] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 30 to 300°C and a firing period of 1 hour; then multiple high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of the multiple high-temperature firing is as follows: 300 to 300°C, a firing period of 0.5 hour; 300 to 900°C, a firing period of 3 hours; 900 to 900°C, a firing period of 0.5 hour; 900 to 1130°C, a firing period of 2 hours; 1130 to 1130°C, a firing period of 0.5 hour; 950 to 900°C, a firing period of 2 hours.

[0137] Step (4) is completed, the sintering is completed, and the sintering is cooled and taken out of the kiln, and the sintering is completed. Figure 2 The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material shown.

[0138] Preparation Example 4

[0139] In the preparation method of nano-TiO2-diatomite, in step B2, 20 g of pretreated diatomite was weighed, dispersed in 800 ml of water, and transferred to a three-necked distillation flask. After stirring and heating to 60°C, an aqueous solution of TiCl4 (prepared by dissolving 26 g of TiCl4 in 200 ml of water) was added. Other conditions were the same as those in Example 2.

[0140] Preparation Example 5

[0141] In the preparation method of nano-TiO2-diatomite, in step B2, 20 g of pretreated diatomite was weighed, dispersed in 800 ml of water, and transferred to a three-necked distillation flask. After stirring and heating to 60°C, an aqueous solution of TiCl4 (prepared by dissolving 24 g of TiCl4 in 200 ml of water) was added. Other conditions were the same as those in Preparation Example 2.

[0142] Example 1

[0143] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0144] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0145] 55 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 5 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 6 parts of dolomite, 12 parts of feldspar, and 0.2 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0146] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0147] 65 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 2), 4 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of talc, 9 parts of granite tailings, 8 parts of feldspar, and 0.2 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0148] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0149] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 10 mm;

[0150] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 25 mm;

[0151] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 30°C for 1 hour; then multi-stage high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of multi-stage high-temperature firing is as follows: 300-300°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 300°C, firing cycle 3h; 900-900°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 900°C, firing cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 950°C, firing cycle 2h; the remaining process and process parameters are consistent with Preparation Example 3.

[0152] Example 2

[0153] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0154] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0155] 70 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 7 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 9 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of feldspar, and 0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0156] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0157] 75 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 2), 6 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of talc, 11 parts of granite tailings, 10 parts of feldspar, and 0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0158] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0159] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 25 mm;

[0160] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 75 mm;

[0161] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 300°C and a firing cycle of 1 hour; then multiple high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of the multiple high-temperature firing is as follows: 300-300°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 900°C, firing cycle 3h; 900-900°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 1130°C, firing cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 900°C, firing cycle 2h; the remaining process and process parameters are the same as those in Preparation Example 3.

[0162] Example 3

[0163] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0164] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0165] 60 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 6 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 7 parts of dolomite, 16 parts of feldspar, and 0.4 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0166] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0167] 70 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 2), 5 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of talc, 10 parts of granite tailings, 9 parts of feldspar, and 0.4 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0168] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0169] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 20 mm;

[0170] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 50 mm;

[0171] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 200°C and a firing cycle of 1 hour; then multiple high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of the multiple high-temperature firing is as follows: 300-300°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 600°C, firing cycle 3h; 900-900°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 1020°C, firing cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 930°C, firing cycle 2h; the remaining process and process parameters are consistent with Preparation Example 3.

[0172] Example 4

[0173] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0174] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0175] 58 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 5 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of talc, 4 parts of wollastonite, 9 parts of dolomite, 12 parts of feldspar, and 0.2 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0176] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0177] 67 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 4), 4 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of talc, 9 parts of granite tailings, 10 parts of feldspar, and 0.2 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0178] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0179] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 15 mm;

[0180] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 30 mm;

[0181] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 150°C and a firing cycle of 1 hour; then multiple high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of the multiple high-temperature firing is as follows: 300-300°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 500°C, firing cycle 3h; 900-900°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 950°C, firing cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 920°C, firing cycle 2h; the remaining process and process parameters are consistent with Preparation Example 3.

[0182] Example 5

[0183] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0184] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0185] 68 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 7 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of talc, 4 parts of wollastonite, 6 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of feldspar, and 0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder.

[0186] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0187] 72 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 5), 6 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of talc, 9 parts of granite tailings, 8 parts of feldspar, and 0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0188] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0189] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 22 mm;

[0190] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 70 mm;

[0191] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 280°C and a firing cycle of 1 hour; then multiple high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of the multiple high-temperature firing is as follows: 300-300°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 800°C, firing cycle 3h; 900-900°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 1100°C, firing cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 940°C, firing cycle 2h; the remaining process and process parameters are consistent with Preparation Example 3.

[0192] Comparative Example 1

[0193] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together, wherein:

[0194] The aerogel perlite composite was replaced by expanded perlite, that is, expanded perlite was used in the raw material composition and preparation method instead of the aerogel perlite composite; the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.

[0195] Comparative Example 2

[0196] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together, wherein:

[0197] The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is replaced by diatomaceous earth, that is, the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is used instead of diatomaceous earth in the raw material composition and preparation method;

[0198] The remaining conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0199] Comparative Example 3

[0200] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together, wherein:

[0201] The aerogel perlite composite is replaced by expanded perlite, that is, expanded perlite is used in the raw material composition and preparation method instead of the aerogel perlite composite;

[0202] The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is replaced by diatomaceous earth, that is, the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is used instead of diatomaceous earth in the raw material composition and the preparation method.

[0203] The remaining conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0204] The sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding materials prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were subjected to the following performance tests, and the test results are summarized in Table 1 below.

[0205] 1. Sound absorption performance test

[0206] Sound absorption was tested using the SWTM01-X sound absorption coefficient tester. The sample to be tested was placed opposite a standing wave tube speaker. When the sound waves contacted the material surface, standing waves formed between the sample and the speaker (test frequency 1000 Hz). The instrument recorded the maximum and minimum sound pressure within the tube, from which the standing wave ratio (R) was calculated. The sound absorption coefficient α is (1-R) / (1+R).

[0207] 2. Sound insulation performance test

[0208] Use SWTM01-X sound absorption coefficient tester to conduct sound insulation test;

[0209] The sample to be tested is placed on the sound wave propagation path of the test equipment; the equipment emits sound waves, and after the sound waves pass through the sample, the sound energy passing through the sample and the sound energy before incidence are measured; based on the measurement results, the transmission coefficient F is calculated; and the sound insulation R is calculated using the transmission coefficient F.

[0210] R = 10log(1 / F), R is the sound insulation value in decibels (dB), and F is the transmission coefficient.

[0211] F=E1 / E2, where E1 is the sound energy after passing through the material and E2 is the sound energy before entering the material.

[0212] 3. Mechanical properties testing

[0213] For the compressive strength test, the sample was placed in the compression fixture of a universal testing machine. The machine was set to compress at a speed of 1.5 mm / min. The test was terminated when the deformation of the sample reached 20%, and the compressive strength was obtained.

[0214] For the tensile strength test, the sample was placed in the tensile fixture of a universal testing machine and the machine was set to stretch at a speed of 3 mm / min until the sample broke. The test was completed and the tensile strength was obtained.

[0215] For the wear resistance test, the sample (cross section) was fixed on the test bench of the ASR-5611 wear resistance testing machine. The testing machine was turned on to make the sample contact with the friction body (rotation speed 5000r / min) and generate friction, and the mass loss during the wear process was obtained.

[0216] Table 1

[0217]

[0218]

[0219] From the results of Examples 1-5 in Table 1, it can be seen that the prepared foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding materials exhibit excellent properties in terms of sound absorption coefficient, sound insulation, compressive strength, tensile strength and wear resistance. The specific results are as follows:

[0220] Sound absorption coefficient: ranging from 0.75 to 0.84, indicating that these materials can effectively absorb sound and reduce reflected sound waves. This is mainly due to the presence of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, which has a porous structure that can effectively capture and consume sound energy.

[0221] Sound insulation (dB): The range is 21.9 to 23.3 dB, indicating that the material has good sound insulation effect. This is because the sound insulation layer is designed with closed-cell materials, such as aerogel perlite composite, which can block the transmission of sound waves.

[0222] Compressive Strength (MPa): Ranges from 1.52 to 1.61 MPa, indicating that the material has sufficient hardness to withstand external pressure without deformation or damage.

[0223] Tensile strength (MPa): ranges from 3.8 to 4.1 MPa, reflecting that the material has a certain toughness and will not break easily when subjected to tension.

[0224] Wear amount (g / cm 2 ): range from 0.025 to 0.029 g / cm 2 , indicating that the material has good wear resistance and is not easily lost due to friction.

[0225] Therefore, the composite molding material of the present application uses an aerogel perlite composite as the main component of the sound insulation layer. The composite is formed by vacuum impregnation of SiO2 sol into the expanded perlite, which not only enhances the mechanical strength of the material, but also improves the sound insulation performance due to its closed-cell structure.

[0226] The sound-absorbing layer uses a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, which, after being mixed in a specific proportion and treated at high temperature, forms an open porous network structure, which is conducive to the absorption of sound energy.

[0227] The two layers of material are tightly combined together through a single sintering process, avoiding the problem of poor bonding that may exist in traditional methods, thereby ensuring the integrity and stability of the material.

[0228] During the preparation process, parameters such as raw material ratio, powder particle size and firing temperature are strictly controlled to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the final product, thereby optimizing various physical and chemical properties.

[0229] In summary, the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material provided by the present invention combines excellent sound absorption and sound insulation functions, and also has high mechanical properties and durability, and is suitable for a variety of architectural and industrial noise reduction application scenarios.

[0230] From the results of Comparative Example 1 in Table 1, it can be seen that when the aerogel perlite composite is replaced with expanded perlite, the performance of the prepared foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material has significantly decreased. The specific results are as follows:

[0231] Sound absorption coefficient: 0.65, which is lower than that of Example 1 (0.75).

[0232] Sound insulation (dB): 12.2dB, much lower than 21.9dB in Example 1.

[0233] Compressive strength (MPa): 1.43 MPa, slightly lower than 1.52 MPa of Example 1.

[0234] Tensile strength (MPa): 3.5 MPa, which is also lower than 3.8 MPa of Example 1.

[0235] Wear amount (g / cm 2 ): 0.043g / cm 2 , higher than 0.025g / cm in Example 1 2 .

[0236] Compared with Example 1, the comparative example 1 exhibits poor performance mainly because the change in material composition affects its internal structure and physical properties:

[0237] Sound absorption performance: The SiO2 sol in the aerogel-perlite composite is impregnated into the expanded perlite under vacuum conditions. After aging and drying, the resulting composite material possesses a unique microstructure. This structure not only increases the material's porosity but also improves pore connectivity, facilitating sound absorption. While expanded perlite alone possesses a certain degree of porosity, it lacks the additional optimization provided by the SiO2 sol, resulting in a lower sound absorption coefficient.

[0238] Sound insulation performance: Aerogel perlite composites, due to their closed-cell structure, can effectively block the propagation of sound waves, thereby improving sound insulation. In contrast, the closed-cell effect of expanded perlite is not as significant, resulting in a significant reduction in sound insulation.

[0239] Mechanical Properties: Aerogel perlite composites are manufactured through a specific process, resulting in a denser and more uniform internal structure, which helps improve the overall mechanical strength of the material. Expanded perlite, on the other hand, is relatively loose, resulting in reduced compressive and tensile strength.

[0240] Wear resistance: Due to its unique composition and manufacturing process, the aerogel perlite composite material has a stronger and smoother surface, reducing mass loss during friction. Expanded perlite is more susceptible to wear and tear, resulting in higher wear.

[0241] From the results of Comparative Example 2 in Table 1, it can be seen that when the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is replaced with pure diatomaceous earth, the prepared foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material also shows significant changes in various properties. The specific results are as follows:

[0242] Sound absorption coefficient: 0.51, significantly lower than that of Example 1 (0.75).

[0243] Sound insulation (dB): 19.5dB, lower than 21.9dB in Example 1.

[0244] Compressive strength (MPa): 1.45 MPa, slightly lower than 1.52 MPa of Example 1.

[0245] Tensile strength (MPa): 3.6 MPa, which is also lower than 3.8 MPa of Example 1.

[0246] Wear amount (g / cm 2 ): 0.052g / cm 2 , higher than 0.025g / cm in Example 1 2 .

[0247] Compared with Example 1, the main reason why Comparative Example 2 shows these performance differences is that the internal structure and physical properties change caused by the change in material composition:

[0248] Sound absorption performance: The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite not only retains the porous structure of diatomaceous earth, but also improves pore distribution and connectivity through the introduction of TiO2, enhancing the material's ability to absorb sound waves of varying frequencies. While diatomaceous earth alone has some sound absorption properties, it lacks the additional optimization provided by TiO2, such as changes in the material's density and elastic modulus, significantly reducing its sound absorption coefficient.

[0249] Sound insulation performance: The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite may slightly increase the density of the material due to the presence of TiO2, which helps improve sound insulation. In contrast, diatomaceous earth used alone does not perform as well as the composite material in this regard, resulting in a decrease in sound insulation.

[0250] Mechanical Properties: The TiO2 component of the TiO2-diatomite composite enhances the material's overall mechanical strength, including compressive and tensile strength. Diatomite alone, on the other hand, is less effective in these areas, resulting in Comparative Example 2 scoring lower than Example 1 on both metrics.

[0251] Wear resistance: TiO2-diatomaceous earth composites offer better wear resistance due to their more complex microstructure and potential variations in surface properties. Diatomaceous earth alone, on the other hand, lacks surface hardness and smoothness, leading to greater mass loss during friction and higher wear.

[0252] In summary, the introduction of TiO2-diatomite composite plays an important role in improving the comprehensive performance of foam ceramic sound insulation and absorption composite molding materials. It not only improves the sound absorption and sound insulation properties of the material, but also enhances the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the material to a certain extent.

[0253] The results of Comparative Example 3 in Table 1 show that when the aerogel-perlite composite was replaced with expanded perlite and the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite was replaced with pure diatomaceous earth, the performance of the foamed ceramic sound insulation and absorption composite molding material produced was significantly reduced. The specific results are as follows:

[0254] Sound absorption coefficient: 0.43, significantly lower than that of Example 1 (0.75).

[0255] Sound insulation (dB): 8.5dB, much lower than 21.9dB in Example 1.

[0256] Compressive strength (MPa): 1.35 MPa, slightly lower than 1.52 MPa of Example 1.

[0257] Tensile strength (MPa): 3.4 MPa, also lower than 3.8 MPa of Example 1.

[0258] Wear amount (g / cm2 ): 0.078g / cm 2 , higher than 0.025g / cm in Example 1 2 .

[0259] Compared with Example 1, the main reason why Comparative Example 3 shows these performance differences is that the internal structure and physical properties change caused by the change in material composition:

[0260] Sound absorption performance, Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 3: The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite and the aerogel-perlite composite work together to form an optimized porous network structure, which more effectively captures and dissipates sound energy. In Comparative Example 3, due to the lack of the unique properties of these two composite materials, particularly the optimized pore distribution provided by TiO2 and the enhanced closed-cell structure provided by the SiO2 sol, the sound absorption coefficient drops significantly to 0.43.

[0261] Sound insulation performance, Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 3: The closed-cell structure of the aerogel-perlite composite is crucial for blocking sound waves. Expanded perlite alone cannot provide the same closed-cell effect, and diatomaceous earth itself has limited sound insulation. Therefore, the sound insulation of Comparative Example 3 is only 8.5 dB, far lower than the 21.9 dB of Example 1.

[0262] Mechanical properties, Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 3: The presence of the two composite materials in Example 1 improves the overall mechanical strength of the material. The aerogel-perlite composite in Example 1 enhances its density and smoothness through a specific process, while the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite improves its elastic modulus and density. Comparative Example 3 lacks these two improvements, resulting in a decrease in both compressive and tensile strength.

[0263] Wear resistance, Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 3: The composite material of Example 1 not only improves mechanical properties, but also increases wear resistance due to its complex microstructure and surface characteristics. The single-component material (expanded perlite and diatomaceous earth) used in Comparative Example 3 is more prone to mass loss during friction, resulting in an increase in wear loss to 0.078 g / cm 2 .

[0264] In summary, the substitution of expanded perlite for the aerogel-perlite composite and diatomite for the TiO2-diatomite composite in Comparative Example 3 directly led to a comprehensive decline in the material's sound absorption, sound insulation, mechanical properties, and wear resistance. This demonstrates that the aerogel-perlite composite and the TiO2-diatomite composite play a crucial role in improving the overall performance of the foam ceramic sound insulation and absorption composite molding material; without either, the desired effect is difficult to achieve. This combination not only optimizes the material's acoustic performance but also offers significant advantages in mechanical properties and durability.

[0265] The above embodiments are preferred implementation schemes of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways. Any obvious replacement without departing from the concept of the present invention is within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, characterized in that: It includes a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer compounded together; The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-70 parts of aerogel perlite compound, 5-7 parts of kaolin, 5-7 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 6-9 parts of dolomite, 12-18 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder; The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-75 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 4-6 parts of talc, 9-11 parts of granite tailings, 8-10 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder; The preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite comprises the following steps: The SiO2 sol and perlite are immersed in a vacuum of 0.08 MPa for 3-4 hours, and then filtered, aged and dried in sequence to obtain an aerogel perlite composite. The preparation method of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite comprises the following steps: B1. Pretreatment of diatomaceous earth Dispersing diatomaceous earth in concentrated sulfuric acid, ultrasonically cleaning it in an ultrasonic cleaner, and then drying, washing, drying, and calcining it to obtain pretreated diatomaceous earth; B2. Preparation of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite: Weigh the pretreated diatomaceous earth, disperse it in water, add TiCl4, and the weight ratio of the pretreated diatomaceous earth to TiCl4 is 1:1.1-1.3; heat to boiling, add ammonia water, adjust the pH value to neutral, and reflux; After the reflux treatment is completed, the product is filtered, dried and calcined to obtain a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite.

2. The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step B1, the calcination is performed at 900° C. for 2 hours; and in step B2, the calcination is performed at 500° C. for 2 hours.

3. The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite, the aging treatment is aging at room temperature for 36 hours.

4. The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite, the drying is carried out at normal pressure and 120° C. for 8 hours.

5. The method for preparing the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step (1) taking materials according to the raw material composition of the sound insulation layer; preparing the sound insulation layer powder by ball milling and spray granulation; spreading the sound insulation layer powder in the refractory kiln furniture to a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraping it flat; Step (2) taking materials according to the raw material composition of the sound absorbing layer; preparing the sound absorbing layer powder by ball milling and spray granulation, spreading the sound absorbing layer powder on the upper layer of the sound insulation layer powder, the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 25 to 75 mm, and scraping to obtain a blank; Step (3) feeding the blank into a kiln for firing at a temperature of 30 to 300° C. for a firing period of 1 hour; and then performing multiple high-temperature firing steps; After the firing in step (4) is completed, the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material is obtained by cooling and taking it out of the kiln.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Step (1) The raw materials for the sound insulation layer are taken and placed in a ball mill. Ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours to form a slurry. The slurry is sieved through a 200-mesh screen and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower. The moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is placed in a silo and aged for 20 hours. The stale powder is conveyed to the roller pelletizer through a conveyor for granulation. The particles have a moisture content of 5%; The particles are spread on the refractory kiln furniture with a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraped flat.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that In step (2), the raw materials of the sound absorbing layer are taken according to their composition. Kaolin, talc, granite tailings, feldspar, and silicon carbide powder are placed in a ball mill and then ball-milled for 12 hours with ceramic balls. The slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower. The moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is placed in a silo for aging for 20 hours. The aged powder is conveyed to the roller pelletizer through a conveyor for granulation. The particles have a moisture content of 5%. Then, the particles are fed into a drum equipped with spiral blades simultaneously through a feeding belt and the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite discharged from the hopper. They are rolled in the drum for 5 minutes to fully wrap each particle with the diatomaceous earth. The particles discharged from the drum are loaded into kiln furniture with a ceramic fiber paper padded inner surface and fed into the kiln via a transmission device. The temperature is rapidly raised to 1130°C and kept warm for 30 minutes. After the insulation period, the kiln is rapidly cooled to obtain a sound-absorbing layer powder. The sound-absorbing layer powder is sprinkled on the upper layer of the sound-insulating layer powder to a thickness of 25 to 75 mm and then scraped flat.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that In step (3), the specific process of multi-stage high-temperature firing is: 300-300°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 300-900°C, firing cycle 3h; 900-900°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 900-1130°C, firing cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 950-900°C, firing cycle 2h.

Images