Heat pump type heat management system and heat management method of electric automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat pump type heat management system and method for an electric automobile. The heat pump type heat management system comprises a heat supply ventilation and air conditioning assembly, cooling liquid loops connected to nine different connectors of a multi-way valve and a refrigerant loop capable of conducting heat exchange with the cooling liquid loops. The cooling liquid loop comprises an electric drive loop, a heat dissipation loop, a battery loop, a coupling loop for connecting the electric drive loop and the heat dissipation loop with the multi-way valve, a first heat exchange cooling liquid loop connected with the warm air core body and the first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchange cooling liquid loop connected with the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant loop comprises a first refrigerant series loop for connecting the compressor, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in series and a second refrigerant loop for connecting the compressor, the first heat exchanger and the evaporator in series; circulating flow of various cooling liquids can be achieved by controlling communication or cut-off of all the connectors, and control and switching of various heat management can be achieved through heat exchange of the cooling liquid loop and the refrigerant loop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management systems for new energy vehicles, and in particular to a heat pump type thermal management system and a thermal management method for electric vehicles. Background Art

[0002] In the field of thermal management systems for new energy vehicles, heat pump-type vehicle thermal management systems have developed rapidly in recent years. This type of system mainly changes the state of the coolant circuit by setting a multi-way valve and switching its conduction mode. At the same time, the refrigerant circuit will also adjust the connection mode according to the switching of the multi-way valve to meet the cooling and heating needs of the vehicle under different working conditions. In this process, key components such as the radiator in the system will act as heat-releasing elements or heat-absorbing elements under different working conditions, improving component utilization and achieving efficient heat exchange and transfer.

[0003] The technical solution of patent CN202310298465: By setting the conduction mode of the multi-way valve, the switching of different coolant circuit states can be achieved, and the refrigerant circuit can also adjust the connection mode in response to the switching mode of the multi-way valve. Under summer refrigeration conditions, the heat exchanger and radiator are used to make the refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor release heat to the coolant circuit through the heat exchanger, and then the radiator dissipates the heat of the coolant to the outside air. Under winter heat pump heating conditions, the coolant releases heat to the refrigerant circuit through the second heat exchanger, thereby absorbing heat from the vehicle distribution box, motor system, electric heater or outside air.

[0004] The technical solution of patent CN202310660126: Use a six-way valve to switch different coolant circuit states, and adjust the refrigerant circuit at the same time, and reuse the radiator as a heat release element and a heat absorption element. The battery cold plate can support both cooling conditions and heat pump heating conditions. By controlling the refrigerant valve body, it acts as a refrigerant heat release element when the battery is heated and as a refrigerant heat absorption element when the battery is cooled. The flow distribution of the high-pressure refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor can also be adjusted by a proportional three-way valve to achieve the distribution of passenger compartment heating and battery pack heating under the dual heating conditions of the heat pump, and Chiller can be used to absorb heat from the motor, motor controller, DCDC / OBC and outside air.

[0005] In summer cooling conditions, both of the above solutions have the problem of connecting the electric drive system and the water-cooled condenser (or similar heat exchange components) in series, which makes it impossible to flexibly allocate the heat exchange according to the cooling needs of the electric drive system and the passenger compartment / battery pack, making the two highly coupled and mutually restrictive, greatly affecting the efficient operation of the system under cooling conditions. When heating the battery pack, the existing solution requires additional heat exchange elements as a heat absorption source, such as using a water-to-water heat exchanger or Chiller, which not only increases the complexity and cost of the system, but may also lead to problems such as limited heat exchange and temperature rise. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a heat pump type thermal management system and thermal management method for an electric vehicle which has a simple refrigerant circuit and can flexibly allocate heat exchange capacity according to the cooling requirements of both the electric drive system and the passenger compartment / battery pack, and which does not require additional heat exchange elements as heat absorption sources when heating the battery pack.

[0007] To achieve this purpose, the heat pump type thermal management system of an electric vehicle designed by the present invention includes a heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly, which includes an evaporator and a heater core, and is characterized in that: it also includes a multi-way valve with at least nine interfaces, a coolant circuit connected to nine different interfaces of the multi-way valve, and a refrigerant circuit that can perform heat exchange with the coolant circuit; the nine interfaces include interfaces one to nine; the coolant circuit includes an electric drive circuit, a heat dissipation circuit, a battery circuit, a coupling circuit connecting the electric drive circuit and the heat dissipation circuit to the multi-way valve, a first heat exchange coolant circuit connected to the heater core and the first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchange coolant circuit connected to the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant series circuit connecting a compressor, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in series, and a second refrigerant circuit connecting the compressor, the first heat exchanger and the evaporator in series; the multi-way valve can realize the circulation of multiple coolants by controlling the mutual connection or cutoff between the interfaces, and realize the control and switching of multiple thermal management through the heat exchange between the coolant circuit and the refrigerant circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the electric drive circuit, one end of the heat dissipation circuit, and one end of the coupling circuit are respectively connected to any three different interfaces among interface one to interface nine; both ends of the battery circuit, both ends of the first heat exchange coolant circuit, and both ends of the second heat exchange coolant circuit are all connected to any two interfaces among the remaining six interfaces among interface one to interface nine, and both ends of the battery circuit, both ends of the first heat exchange coolant circuit, and both ends of the second heat exchange coolant circuit are connected to six different interfaces.

[0009] Furthermore, the electric drive circuit includes a coolant pipeline with one end connected to interface eight, the coolant pipeline connected to interface eight is connected to the electric drive assembly and the two-in-one module, and the other end of the coolant pipeline connected to interface eight is connected to the coupling circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat dissipation circuit includes a coolant pipeline with one end connected to the interface seven, a radiator and a cooling fan are connected to the coolant pipeline connected to the interface seven, and the other end of the coolant pipeline connected to the interface seven is connected to the coupling circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the battery circuit includes a coolant pipeline with two ends respectively connected to interface five and interface six, and a battery pack is connected to the coolant pipeline between the interface five and the interface six.

[0012] Furthermore, the coupling circuit includes a coolant pipeline with one end connected to the interface nine, and the other end of the coolant pipeline connected to the interface nine is connected to the electric drive circuit and the heat dissipation circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the first heat exchange coolant circuit includes a coolant pipeline whose two ends are respectively connected to interface three and interface four, and the heater core and the first heat exchanger are both connected to the coolant pipeline between interface three and interface four.

[0014] Furthermore, the first heat exchange coolant circuit also includes a water heater connected to the coolant pipeline between the interface three and the interface four.

[0015] Furthermore, the second heat exchange coolant circuit includes a coolant pipeline with two ends respectively connected to the interface 1 and the interface 2, and the second heat exchanger is connected to the coolant pipeline between the interface 1 and the interface 2.

[0016] Furthermore, the first refrigerant series circuit includes a first refrigerant pipeline for connecting the compressor, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in series; the second refrigerant series circuit includes a second refrigerant pipeline connected in parallel to the second heat exchanger, the evaporator is connected to the second refrigerant pipeline, one end of the second refrigerant pipeline is connected to the air intake side of the compressor, and the other end of the second refrigerant pipeline is connected to the first refrigerant pipeline located between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

[0017] Furthermore, the thermal management method based on the heat pump type thermal management system of the electric vehicle described above includes a coolant circuit thermal management method and a refrigerant circuit thermal piping method;

[0018] Furthermore, the coolant circuit thermal management method includes a single-circuit coolant thermal management method for individually controlling one or more of the coolant circuits and a combined-circuit coolant thermal pipeline method for connecting any at least two of the coolant circuits to form at least one circulating coolant circuit; the refrigerant circuit thermal management method includes a single-circuit refrigerant thermal management method for connecting the compressor with the first heat exchanger or the second heat exchanger, or connecting the compressor with the first heat exchanger and the evaporator, and a combined-circuit refrigerant thermal management method for connecting the compressor with the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the evaporator.

[0019] Furthermore, the single-loop coolant thermal management method includes a single battery loop thermal management method and a single first heat exchange coolant loop thermal management method; the single battery loop thermal management method includes: connecting the water inlet and outlet ends of the battery loop through a multi-way valve, allowing the coolant to flow through the battery pack, and performing uniform temperature control on the battery pack; the single first heat exchange coolant loop thermal management method includes: connecting the water inlet and outlet ends of the first heat exchange coolant loop through a multi-way valve, allowing the coolant to pass through the first heat exchanger, perform heat exchange with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger, and allow the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger to absorb heat.

[0020] Furthermore, the combined circuit coolant thermal pipeline method includes a first combined circuit thermal management method that combines the electric drive circuit, the heat dissipation circuit, the coupling circuit and the first heat exchange coolant circuit and performs thermal management control; a second combined circuit thermal management method that combines the second heat exchange coolant circuit with the battery circuit and performs thermal management control; a third combined circuit thermal management method that combines the battery circuit and the first heat exchange coolant circuit and performs thermal management control; a fourth combined circuit thermal management method that combines the electric drive circuit, the heat dissipation circuit and the second heat exchange coolant circuit and performs thermal management control; and a fifth combined circuit thermal management method that combines the electric drive circuit, the coupling circuit and the second heat exchange coolant circuit and performs thermal management control.

[0021] Furthermore, the first combined circuit thermal management method includes: connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit with the water inlet of the heat dissipation circuit, connecting the water inlet of the first heat exchange coolant circuit with the water outlet of the coupling pipeline, and connecting the water outlet of the first heat exchange coolant circuit with the water inlet of the heat dissipation circuit through a multi-way valve; when the coolant flows through the electric drive circuit, the electric drive assembly can be cooled; when the coolant flows through the heat dissipation circuit, the coolant can dissipate heat or de-ice the radiator at the same time; when the coolant flows through the heater core in the first heat exchange coolant circuit, the air can be heated to achieve dehumidification or heating of the passenger compartment; when the coolant flows through the coupling circuit, it can enter the first heat exchange coolant circuit through the coupling circuit.

[0022] Furthermore, the thermal management method of the second combined circuit includes: connecting the water inlet end of the battery circuit with the water outlet end of the second heat exchange coolant circuit, and connecting the water outlet end of the battery circuit with the water inlet end of the second heat exchange coolant circuit through a multi-way valve; when the coolant flows through the battery circuit, the battery pack can be cooled or the temperature of the battery pack can be uniformly controlled, and when the coolant flows through the second heat exchange coolant circuit, it can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger, so that the coolant flowing through the second heat exchanger releases heat.

[0023] The third combined circuit thermal management method includes the following two methods:

[0024] Method 1: The third combined circuit thermal management method includes: connecting the water inlet end of the battery circuit with the water outlet end of the first heat exchange coolant circuit through a multi-way valve, and connecting the water outlet end of the battery circuit with the water inlet end of the first heat exchange coolant circuit; when the coolant flows through the battery circuit, the battery pack can be heated, and when the coolant flows through the first heat exchange coolant circuit, the passenger compartment can be heated.

[0025] Method 2: The third combined circuit thermal management method includes: connecting the water inlet end of the battery circuit with the water outlet end of the first heat exchange coolant circuit through a multi-way valve, connecting the water outlet end of the battery circuit with the water inlet end of the first heat exchange coolant circuit, connecting the water inlet end of the battery circuit with the water outlet end, and connecting the water inlet end of the first heat exchange coolant circuit with the water outlet end; when the coolant flows through the battery circuit, the battery pack can be heated, and when the coolant flows through the first heat exchange coolant circuit, the passenger compartment can be heated.

[0026] Furthermore, the fourth combined circuit thermal management method includes: connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit with the water inlet of the second heat exchange coolant circuit through a multi-way valve, connecting the water inlet of the heat dissipation circuit with the water outlet of the second heat exchange coolant circuit, and cutting off the interface connected to the coupling pipeline; when the coolant flows through the electric drive circuit, the electric drive assembly can be cooled, when the coolant flows through the heat dissipation circuit, the coolant can absorb heat, and when the coolant flows through the second heat exchange coolant circuit, it can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger, so that the coolant flowing through the second heat exchanger releases heat.

[0027] Furthermore, the fifth combined circuit thermal management method includes: connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit with the water inlet of the second heat exchange coolant circuit through a multi-way valve, connecting the water outlet of the second heat exchange coolant circuit with the water inlet of the coupling circuit, and cutting off the interface connected to the heat dissipation circuit; when the coolant flows through the electric drive circuit, the electric drive assembly can be cooled; when the coolant flows through the coupling circuit, the coolant can be introduced into the electric drive circuit through the coupling circuit; when the coolant flows through the second heat exchange coolant circuit, it can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger, so that the coolant flowing through the second heat exchanger releases heat.

[0028] Furthermore, the single-loop refrigerant thermal management method includes: opening the valve between the first heat exchanger and the evaporator, closing the valve between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger or closing the valve between the first heat exchanger and the evaporator, and opening the valve between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, so that the compressor and the first heat exchanger are selectively connected to the evaporator or the second heat exchanger; the combined-loop refrigerant thermal management method includes: opening the valve between the first heat exchanger and the evaporator and the valve between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, so that the compressor and the first heat exchanger are simultaneously connected to the evaporator and the second heat exchanger.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the thermal management system designed by the present invention includes multiple unique coolant circuits and refrigerant circuits, each circuit has a clear division of labor and cooperates with each other. Through a multi-way valve with at least nine interfaces, the connection or cutoff between each interface can be flexibly controlled to realize the circulation of multiple coolants, as well as the heat exchange between the coolant circuit and the refrigerant circuit and the control and switching of multiple thermal management. Compared with the coupling problem caused by the series connection of the electric drive system and the water-cooled condenser and other components in the prior art, the multi-circuit design of the present system enables the thermal management of each component to be independently controlled, effectively avoiding the mutual restriction between the refrigeration requirements of different components, and greatly improving the operating efficiency of the system under refrigeration conditions. The components of each coolant circuit and refrigerant circuit are reasonably configured, such as the electric drive assembly and the two-in-one module in the electric drive circuit, the radiator and the cooling fan in the heat dissipation circuit, and the battery pack in the battery circuit, which can all work efficiently in their respective circuits. At the same time, the use of the multi-way valve enables these components to work together under different working conditions, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the entire system, and reduces energy consumption. In view of the problem in the prior art that battery pack heating requires additional heat exchange elements and has limited heat exchange capacity and temperature rise, the present invention uses a clever circuit design and a combination of a battery circuit and other coolant circuits, such as the third combined circuit thermal management method, to achieve heating of the battery pack without the need for additional complex heat exchange elements, thereby reducing system complexity and cost, and effectively improving the thermal management effect of the battery pack. The single battery circuit thermal management method can control the uniform temperature of the battery pack to ensure that the battery operates in a stable temperature environment, extend battery life and improve battery performance. The single first heat exchange coolant circuit thermal management method enables the coolant to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger to achieve heat absorption by the coolant, meeting the thermal management requirements under specific working conditions. Multiple combined circuit thermal management methods, such as the first to fifth combined circuit thermal management methods, can flexibly combine each coolant circuit according to different working conditions. For example, the first combined circuit thermal management method can realize multiple functions such as electric drive assembly cooling, coolant heat dissipation or radiator deicing, dehumidification and heating or passenger compartment heating; the second combined circuit thermal management method can realize battery pack cooling or temperature control and heat exchange with the second heat exchanger, etc., which greatly improves the system's adaptability to different working conditions. The single-circuit refrigerant thermal management method allows the compressor and the first heat exchanger to be selectively connected to the second heat exchanger or evaporator, and the combined circuit refrigerant thermal management method allows the compressor and the first heat exchanger to be connected to the second heat exchanger and the evaporator at the same time. This flexible control method can accurately adjust the flow direction of the refrigerant and the heat exchange components according to the actual heat load requirements, improve the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant circuit, and further improve the performance of the entire thermal management system.

[0030] In summary, the present invention constructs a functional and efficient water circuit system by flexibly switching different water circuit connection modes through a multi-way valve, as follows:

[0031] Electric drive system integrated thermal management circuit: realizes the cooling function of the electric drive system, while efficiently recovering waste heat or self-heating, improving energy utilization and reducing energy waste.

[0032] Air source heat pump cooling circuit: The air source heat pump circuit is constructed with the help of a radiator to effectively dissipate and absorb heat and meet the heat exchange requirements of the system under different working conditions.

[0033] Battery pack full-operating condition thermal management circuit: fully covers battery pack cooling, air source / water source heat pump heating, electric heating and uniform temperature control functions to ensure that the battery pack can operate stably and efficiently in various environments.

[0034] Multiple heating circuits in the passenger compartment: supports air source / water source heat pump heating and electric heating in the passenger compartment to provide a comfortable in-car environment for the driver and passengers.

[0035] Dual heating water mixing regulation circuit: Under dual heating conditions, a water mixing circuit with an adjustable ratio is designed between the battery pack and the passenger compartment coolant circuit to accurately control the coolant ratio between the two.

[0036] A systems-based approach to thermal management offers the following unique advantages:

[0037] High-efficiency and energy-saving heating: The battery pack and passenger compartment heating innovatively adopt air source heat pump and water source heat pump technology with motor waste heat recovery, which significantly reduces winter heating energy consumption, improves energy utilization efficiency, and reduces vehicle operating costs.

[0038] Optimize battery pack thermal management: The uniquely designed adjustable ratio water mixing structure achieves multiple advantages: First, it effectively controls the water inlet temperature of the battery pack to avoid the impact of excessively high or low temperatures on battery performance and life; second, it connects the battery pack with the passenger compartment coolant to reduce the number of coolant refills and lower maintenance costs; third, the heated coolant can directly enter the battery pack, with sufficient heating and a fast temperature rise, greatly improving the heating effect of the battery pack.

[0039] Flexible control for summer cooling: Under summer cooling conditions, the electric drive system coolant circuit and the water-cooled condenser coolant circuit are designed in parallel, which significantly reduces the coupling between the two and achieves more flexible control. The cooling capacity can be accurately adjusted according to actual needs, improving the overall performance of the system.

[0040] Compared with other heat pump systems in the industry, the present invention uses fewer control valves in the coolant and refrigerant circuits, effectively simplifying the system structure, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving product market competitiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a heat pump type thermal management system of an electric vehicle with a water heater in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump type thermal management system of an electric vehicle without a water heater in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is the refrigerant flow state 1 in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is the second refrigerant flow state in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is the refrigerant flow state three in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the interface connection of each mode of the multi-way valve in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow of the multi-way valve in the present invention in the lower mode;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow of the multi-way valve in mode three of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow of the multi-way valve in mode seven of the present invention;

[0050] Among them, 1-compressor, 2-first heat exchanger, 3-second heat exchanger, 4-first electronic expansion valve, 5-second electronic expansion valve, 6-first electronic water pump, 7-second electronic water pump, 8-third electronic water pump, 9-cooling fan, 10-first coolant check valve, 11-second coolant check valve, 12-heat core, 13-evaporator, 14-blower, 15-radiator, 16-two-in-one module, 17-electric drive assembly, 18-battery pack, 19-multi-way valve, 20-heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly, 21—internal and external circulation damper, 22—cold and warm air mixing damper, 23—air outlet mode damper, 24—liquid storage dryer, 25—low-pressure side refrigerant temperature and pressure sensor, 26—high-pressure side refrigerant temperature and pressure sensor, 27—water heater, 100—first refrigerant pipeline, 200—coolant pipeline, 300—electric drive circuit, 400—heat dissipation circuit, 500—battery circuit, 600—coupling circuit, 700—first heat exchange coolant circuit, 800—second heat exchange coolant circuit, 900—second refrigerant pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 2 , the heat pump type thermal management system of the electric vehicle designed by the present invention is intended to achieve efficient thermal management control and switching to meet the thermal requirements of the electric vehicle under different working conditions. In some embodiments, a water heater 27 (such as Figure 1 In other embodiments, there is no water heater 27 (such as Figure 2 shown).

[0053] Overall system architecture

[0054] The thermal management system designed by the present invention includes a heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly 20, which includes an evaporator 13 and a heater core 12. The air can be blown into the passenger compartment through a blower 14. The air can be cooled when passing through the evaporator 13, heated when passing through the heater core 12, and dehumidified when passing through the evaporator 13 and the heater core 12 in sequence. In addition, a multi-way valve 19 with nine interfaces, interface one to interface nine, a coolant circuit connected to the nine different interfaces of the multi-way valve 19, and a refrigerant circuit that can exchange heat with the coolant circuit are provided. The multi-way valve 19 realizes the circulation of multiple coolants by controlling the interconnection or cutoff between the interfaces, and at the same time, achieves the control and switching of multiple thermal management by means of the heat exchange between the coolant circuit and the refrigerant circuit.

[0055] Based on the above HVAC assembly 20 , the following specific embodiments of a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit are provided.

[0056] Coolant circuit example:

[0057] The coolant circuit includes an electric drive circuit 300 that can cool the electric drive assembly 17 and absorb heat from the coolant, a heat dissipation circuit 400 that can release or absorb heat from the coolant, a battery circuit 500 that can achieve battery temperature equalization operation, a coupling circuit 600 that can guide the coolant flowing through the heat dissipation circuit 400 into the multi-way valve 19 and is simultaneously connected to the water inlet end of the electric drive circuit 17, a first heat exchange coolant circuit 700 that is connected to the first heat exchanger 2 and can exchange heat with the refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor passing through the first heat exchanger 2, and a second heat exchange coolant circuit 800 that is connected to the second heat exchanger 3 and can exchange heat with the refrigerant that passes through the first heat exchanger 2 and enters the second heat exchanger 3.

[0058] The electric drive circuit 300 includes a coolant pipeline 200 with one end connected to the interface 8, which is connected to the electric drive assembly 17 and the two-in-one module 16 in sequence. The other end of the coolant pipeline 200 is connected to the coupling circuit 600, which is mainly responsible for the cooling and heat management of the electric drive system.

[0059] The heat dissipation circuit 400 includes a coolant pipeline 200 connected to the interface 7, on which a radiator 15 and a cooling fan 9 are arranged, and the other end is connected to the coupling circuit 600 for functions such as heat dissipation of the coolant and deicing of the radiator.

[0060] The battery circuit 500 includes a coolant pipeline 200 with two ends respectively connected to interface five and interface six, on which a battery pack 18 is installed to achieve cooling, heating and uniform temperature control of the battery pack 18.

[0061] The coupling loop 600 includes a coolant pipeline 200 with one end connected to the interface nine, and the other end of the coolant pipeline 200 is connected to the electric drive circuit 300 and the heat dissipation circuit 400, playing the role of connecting and coordinating the electric drive circuit and the heat dissipation circuit.

[0062] The first heat exchange coolant circuit 700 includes a coolant pipe 200 with two ends connected to the interface 3 and the interface 4 respectively, which is connected to the heater core 12 and the first heat exchanger 2, and in some cases is also connected to the water heater 27. The circuit can realize the functions of heating and dehumidifying the passenger compartment and heat exchange with the refrigerant.

[0063] The second heat exchange coolant loop 800 includes a coolant pipeline 200 with two ends respectively connected to interface 1 and interface 2, and a second heat exchanger 3 is connected thereto, which is mainly used for heat exchange with the refrigerant to meet the heat transfer requirements under different working conditions.

[0064] Refrigerant circuit example:

[0065] The refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant circuit and a second refrigerant circuit.

[0066] The first refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant pipeline 100, through which the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 3 are connected in series, so as to realize the circulation flow and heat exchange of the refrigerant among these key components.

[0067] The second refrigerant circuit includes a second refrigerant pipeline 900, which is connected in parallel to the second heat exchanger 3, and the evaporator 13 is connected to the second refrigerant pipeline 900. One end of the second refrigerant pipeline 900 is connected to the air intake side of the compressor 1, and the other end is connected to the first refrigerant pipeline 100 between the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 3.

[0068] When the first refrigerant circuit and the second refrigerant circuit are connected at the same time, the functions of refrigeration, dehumidification of the passenger compartment and cooling of the battery pack can be achieved.

[0069] Through such a design, the heat pump type thermal management system of the electric vehicle can flexibly adjust the working status of the coolant circuit and the refrigerant circuit under different working conditions, achieve efficient thermal management, and improve the performance and stability of the electric vehicle.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 9 , the heat pump thermal management system based on the electric vehicle can achieve thermal management under the following working conditions:

[0071] Example 1: Dual cooling conditions in summer

[0072] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 1, and the connected states are interface one to interface six, interface two to interface five, interface three to interface nine, and interface four + interface eight to interface seven.

[0073] The refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and then enters the second heat exchanger 3 and the evaporator 13 after being throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4 and the second electronic expansion valve 5. The air is taken in by the blower 14 to exchange heat with the evaporator to release heat, thus completing the refrigeration of the passenger compartment. The refrigerant flows to the following directions: Figure 3 shown.

[0074] The third electronic water pump 8 is running, the coolant flows through the battery pack 18, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 3. After the coolant releases heat and cools down, it enters the battery pack 18 through the third electronic water pump 8 to complete cooling.

[0075] The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, the exhaust gas of the compressor 1 and the coolant exchange heat with the coolant flowing through it in the first heat exchanger 2, and the coolant absorbs heat and flows through the water heater 27 (such as Figure 1 system) or directly into the warm air core 12 (such as Figure 2 system).

[0076] If the electric drive assembly 17 has a cooling demand, the second electronic water pump 7 will start, the second coolant one-way valve 11 will be turned on, and the coolant will flow through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17, taking away the heat of both, and then merge with the coolant passing through the warm air core 12 to enter the radiator 15, and exchange heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind, the coolant releases heat and cools, and then flows into the second coolant one-way valve 11 and the multi-way valve 9 and 3 to the first coolant one-way valve 10 respectively, completing the cycle.

[0077] If there is no demand from the electric drive assembly 17, the second electronic water pump 7 stops, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is closed, and the coolant enters the radiator 15 through the heater core 12, exchanges heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind, and the coolant releases heat and cools, and then flows into the multi-way valve 9 and 3 to the first coolant one-way valve 10 to complete the cycle.

[0078] Embodiment 2: Refrigeration condition of a single passenger cabin in summer.

[0079] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 1, and the connected states are interface one to interface six, interface two to interface five, interface three to interface nine, and interface four + interface eight to interface seven.

[0080] The refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and enters the evaporator 13 after being throttled by the second electronic expansion valve 5. The air is taken in by the blower 14 to exchange heat with the evaporator and release heat, completing the refrigeration of the passenger compartment. At this time, the first electronic expansion valve 4 is closed, and the refrigerant flows to Figure 4 shown.

[0081] The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, the exhaust gas of the compressor 1 and the coolant exchange heat with the coolant flowing through it in the first heat exchanger 2, and the coolant absorbs heat and flows through the water heater 27 (such as Figure 1 system) or directly into the warm air core 12 (such as Figure 2 system).

[0082] If the electric drive assembly 17 has a cooling demand, the second electronic water pump 7 will start, the second coolant one-way valve 11 will be turned on, and the coolant will flow through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17, taking away the heat of both, and then merge with the coolant passing through the warm air core 12 to enter the radiator 15, and exchange heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind, the coolant releases heat and cools, and then flows into the second coolant one-way valve 11 and the multi-way valve 9 and 3 to the first coolant one-way valve 10 respectively, completing the cycle.

[0083] If there is no demand from the electric drive assembly 17, the second electronic water pump 7 stops, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is closed, and the coolant enters the radiator 15 through the heater core 12, exchanges heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind, and the coolant releases heat and cools, and then flows into the multi-way valve 9 and 3 to the first coolant one-way valve 10 to complete the cycle.

[0084] If the battery has a temperature equalization requirement at this time, the third electronic water pump 8 will operate; if the battery pack has no requirement at this time, the third electronic water pump 8 will stop.

[0085] Embodiment 3: Single battery pack cooling condition during vehicle charging.

[0086] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 1, and the connected states are interface one to interface six, interface two to interface five, interface three to interface nine, and interface four + interface eight to interface seven.

[0087] The refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and enters the second heat exchanger 3 after being throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4. At this time, the second electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant flows to Figure 5 .

[0088] The third electronic water pump 8 is running, the coolant flows through the battery pack 18, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 3. After the coolant releases heat and cools down, it enters the battery pack 18 through the third electronic water pump 8 to complete cooling.

[0089] The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, the exhaust gas of the compressor 1 and the coolant exchange heat with the coolant flowing through it in the first heat exchanger 2, and the coolant absorbs heat and flows through the water heater 27 (such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 shown).

[0090] The second electronic water pump 7 stops, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is closed, the coolant flows through the heater core 12 and enters the radiator 15, and exchanges heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind, the coolant releases heat, and the cycle is completed.

[0091] Embodiment 4: Dehumidification working condition of passenger compartment in spring and autumn.

[0092] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 1, and the connected states are interface one to interface six, interface two to interface five, interface three to interface nine, and interface four + interface eight to interface seven.

[0093] The refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and enters the second heat exchanger 3 and the evaporator 13 after being throttled by the second electronic expansion valve 5. The air is taken in by the blower 14 to exchange heat with the evaporator. At the same time, the first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant check valve 10 is turned on, and the exhaust gas of the compressor 1 and the coolant exchange heat with the coolant flowing through it in the first heat exchanger 2. After the coolant absorbs heat, it flows through the water heater 27 (such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 As shown), the air flows through the heating and cooling air mixing damper 22 to pass through the heating core 12 and exchange heat with the coolant therein to absorb heat, thereby completing the dehumidification of the passenger compartment. At this time, the first electronic expansion valve 4 is closed, and the refrigerant flows to Figure 4 shown.

[0094] If the electric drive assembly 17 has a cooling demand, the second electronic water pump 7 will start, the second coolant one-way valve 11 will be turned on, and the coolant will flow through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17, taking away the heat of both, and then merge with the coolant passing through the warm air core 12 to enter the radiator 15, and exchange heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind, the coolant releases heat and cools, and then flows into the second coolant one-way valve 11 and the multi-way valve 9 and 3 to the first coolant one-way valve 10 respectively, completing the cycle.

[0095] If there is no demand from the electric drive assembly 17, the second electronic water pump 7 stops, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is closed, and the coolant enters the radiator 15 through the heater core 12, exchanges heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind, and the coolant releases heat and cools, and then flows into the multi-way valve 9 and 3 to the first coolant one-way valve 10 to complete the cycle.

[0096] If the battery pack 18 has a temperature equalization requirement at this time, the third electronic water pump 8 will operate; if the battery pack has no requirement at this time, the third electronic water pump 8 will stop.

[0097] If the battery pack 18 needs to be cooled at this time, the first electronic expansion valve 4 will throttle, the third electronic water pump 8 will start, the coolant will flow through the battery pack 18, and heat will be exchanged with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 3. After the coolant releases heat and cools down, it will enter the battery pack 18 through the third electronic water pump 8 to complete the cooling. The refrigerant flows to Figure 6 .

[0098] Embodiment 5: Special working condition: After intense driving in winter, there is a need for cooling the battery pack during charging and a need for heating the passenger compartment.

[0099] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 1, and the connected states are interface one to interface six, interface two to interface five, interface three to interface nine, and interface four + interface eight to interface seven.

[0100] The refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and enters the second heat exchanger 3 after being throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4. When there is a need to dehumidify the passenger compartment, it simultaneously passes through the second electronic expansion valve 5 and enters the evaporator 13 after being throttled. The air is taken in by the blower 14 to exchange heat with the evaporator and release heat. At the same time, the first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant check valve 10 is turned on, and the exhaust gas of the compressor 1 and the coolant exchange heat with the coolant flowing through it in the first heat exchanger 2. After the coolant absorbs heat, it flows through the water heater 27 (such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 As shown), the air is taken in by the blower 14 so that the air exchanges heat with the heater core 12 to absorb heat, and the coolant releases heat to complete the heating of the passenger compartment. The second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the coolant flows through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17, takes away the heat of both, and then merges with the coolant that has passed through the heater core 12 to enter the radiator 15. Through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind, the coolant exchanges heat with the outside air, and the coolant releases heat to complete the cycle. The third electronic water pump 8 is running, and the coolant flows through the battery pack 18, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 3. After the coolant releases heat and cools down, it enters the battery pack 18 through the third electronic water pump 8 to complete the cooling.

[0101] Embodiment 6: Special working condition: radiator deicing working condition.

[0102] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 1, and the connected states are interface one to interface six, interface two to interface five, interface three to interface nine, and interface four + interface eight to interface seven.

[0103] The compressor 1 stops and the refrigerant circuit is at rest.

[0104] like Figure 1 As shown, the first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, the coolant flows through the first heat exchanger 2 and then enters the water heater 27. At this time, the water heater 27 works to heat the coolant flowing through it, and then the coolant flows through the heater core 12. The second electronic water pump 7 stops, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned off, and the coolant flowing through the heater core 12 enters the radiator 15. The coolant dissipates heat to the outer surface of the radiator 15, and de-icing is completed. Figure 2 As shown, the second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the electric drive assembly 17 generates heat to heat the coolant flowing therethrough. The first electronic water pump 6 is stopped, and the first coolant one-way valve 10 is cut off. The coolant flowing through the electric drive assembly 17 enters the radiator 15, and the coolant dissipates heat to the outer surface of the radiator 15, thereby completing de-icing.

[0105] Embodiment 7: In winter, the air source heat pump can be used for dual heating, and the outlet water temperature of the heater core is within the acceptable range of the inlet water temperature of the battery pack.

[0106] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 2, and the connected states are interface one through interface eight, interface two through interface seven, interface three through interface six, interface four through interface five, and interface nine blocked.

[0107] The second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the coolant flows through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17 (which can assist in heating the coolant by generating heat, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure), the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 3 after passing through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and then enters the second heat exchanger 3 after being throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4, and exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through it. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the coolant, and the coolant releases heat. After passing through the second heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant enters the compressor suction port to complete the cycle. At this time, the second electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant flows to the direction shown in the figure. Figure 5 After the coolant flows through the second heat exchanger 3 and enters the radiator 15, it exchanges heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind. The coolant absorbs heat from the outside air and the outside air releases heat, completing the cycle.

[0108] The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, and the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the refrigerant from the exhaust port of the compressor 1, the coolant absorbs heat, and the refrigerant releases heat, and then the coolant flows through the water heater 27 (which can work to assist in heating the coolant, such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the air is taken in by the blower 14 so that the air and the heater core 12 exchange heat and absorb heat, and the coolant releases heat, thereby completing the heating of the passenger compartment. The third electronic water pump 8 is running, and the coolant from the heater core 12 enters the water inlet of the battery pack 18 after passing through the third electronic water pump 8, flows through the battery pack 18 to complete the heating of the battery pack, and then returns to the first coolant one-way valve 10 to complete the cycle.

[0109] Embodiment 8: In winter, air source heat pump can be used, single battery pack is used for heating, and the heater core does not exchange heat, and is only used as a flow resistance condition.

[0110] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 2, and the connected states are interface one through interface eight, interface two through interface seven, interface three through interface six, interface four through interface five, and interface nine blocked.

[0111] The second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the coolant flows through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17 (which can assist in heating the coolant by generating heat, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure), the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 3 after passing through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and then enters the second heat exchanger 3 after being throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4, and exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through it. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the coolant, and the coolant releases heat. After passing through the second heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant enters the compressor suction port to complete the cycle. At this time, the second electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant flows to the direction shown in the figure. Figure 5 After the coolant flows through the second heat exchanger 3 and enters the radiator 15, it exchanges heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind. The coolant absorbs heat from the outside air and the outside air releases heat, completing the cycle.

[0112] The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, and the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the refrigerant from the exhaust port of the compressor 1, the coolant absorbs heat, and the refrigerant releases heat, and then the coolant flows through the water heater 27 (which can work to assist in heating the coolant, such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 ( Figure 2 As shown), the blower 14 stops, and there is no heat exchange in the heater core 12. The third electronic water pump 8 is running, and the coolant from the heater core 12 enters the water inlet of the battery pack 18 after passing through the third electronic water pump 8, flows through the battery pack 18 to complete the heating of the battery pack, and then returns to the first coolant one-way valve 10 to complete the cycle.

[0113] Embodiment 9: In winter, air source heat pumps are available for dual heating. The outlet water temperature of the heater core is higher than the acceptable threshold of the inlet water temperature of the battery pack. The outlet water of the battery pack needs to be partially mixed into its water inlet condition.

[0114] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 3, and the connected state is that interface one is connected to interface eight, interface two is connected to interface seven, interface three, interface four, interface five, interface six is ​​mixed, and interface nine is cut off.

[0115] The second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the coolant flows through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17 (which can assist in heating the coolant by generating heat, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure), the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 3 after passing through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and then enters the second heat exchanger 3 after being throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4, and exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through it. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the coolant, and the coolant releases heat. After passing through the second heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant enters the compressor suction port to complete the cycle. At this time, the second electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant flows to the direction shown in the figure. Figure 5 After the coolant flows through the second heat exchanger 3 and enters the radiator 15, it exchanges heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind. The coolant absorbs heat from the outside air and the outside air releases heat, completing the cycle.

[0116] The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, and the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the refrigerant from the exhaust port of the compressor 1, the coolant absorbs heat, and the refrigerant releases heat, and then the coolant flows through the water heater 27 (which can work to assist in heating the coolant, such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 As shown), the air is taken in by the blower 14 so that the air and the heater core 12 exchange heat and absorb heat, and the coolant releases heat, completing the heating of the passenger compartment. At this time, the interface 4 and the interface 6 of the multi-way valve 19 are both connected with the interface 3 and the interface 5. The coolant after flowing through the heater core 12 enters the interface 4 of the multi-way valve 19 and is then diverted to its interface 3 and interface 5. The third electronic water pump 8 is running, and the coolant after flowing through the battery pack 18 enters the interface 6 of the multi-way valve 19 and is then diverted to its interface 3 and interface 5. Part of the coolant at the outlet of the battery pack 18 and part of the coolant flowing through the heater core 12 are mixed at the interface 5 and then returned to the water inlet of the battery pack 18, completing the heating of the battery pack 18, and controlling its water inlet temperature within the required temperature. At the same time, part of the water out of the battery pack 18 is mixed with the coolant flowing through the heater core 12 diverted to the interface 4 at the interface 6 of the multi-way valve 19 and returned to the first coolant one-way valve 10, completing the water circuit circulation.

[0117] Embodiment 10: Air source heat pump is available in winter, single passenger cabin heating condition.

[0118] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 4, and the connected states are interface one through interface eight, interface two through interface seven, interface three through interface four, interface five through interface six, and interface nine blocked.

[0119] The second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the coolant flows through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17 (which can assist in heating the coolant by generating heat, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure), the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 3 after passing through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and then enters the second heat exchanger 3 after being throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 4, and exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through it. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the coolant, and the coolant releases heat. After passing through the second heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant enters the compressor suction port to complete the cycle. At this time, the second electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant flows to the direction shown in the figure. Figure 5 After the coolant flows through the second heat exchanger 3 and enters the radiator 15, it exchanges heat with the outside air through the cooling fan 9 or the vehicle facing the wind. The coolant absorbs heat from the outside air and the outside air releases heat, completing the cycle.

[0120] The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, and the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the refrigerant from the exhaust port of the compressor 1, the coolant absorbs heat, and the refrigerant releases heat, and then the coolant flows through the water heater 27 (which can work to assist in heating the coolant, such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the air is taken in by the blower 14 so that the air and the heater core 12 exchange heat and absorb heat, and the coolant releases heat, thereby completing the heating of the passenger compartment. If the battery pack 18 has a temperature equalization requirement at this time, the third electronic water pump 8 is operated, and if the battery pack 18 has no requirement at this time, the third electronic water pump 8 is stopped.

[0121] Embodiment 11: When the air source heat pump is not available in cold regions and only the water source heat pump is available, dual heating is implemented and the outlet water temperature of the heater core is within the acceptable range of the inlet water temperature of the battery pack.

[0122] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 5, and the connected states are interface one through interface eight, interface two through interface nine, interface three through interface six, interface four through interface five, and interface seven blocked.

[0123] The second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the coolant flows through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17 (which can assist in heating the coolant by generating heat, such as Figure 2 As shown), after taking away the heat, it enters the second heat exchanger 3, where it exchanges heat and returns to the second coolant check valve 11 to complete the cycle. The refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and enters the second heat exchanger 3 after throttling through the first electronic expansion valve 4, and exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through it. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the coolant, and the coolant releases heat. The refrigerant after flowing through the second heat exchanger 3 enters the compressor suction port to complete the cycle. At this time, the second electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant flows as shown. Figure 5As shown. The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, and the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the refrigerant from the exhaust port of the compressor 1, the coolant absorbs heat, and the refrigerant releases heat, and then the coolant flows through the water heater 27 (which can work to assist in heating the coolant, such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the air is taken in by the blower 14 so that the air and the heater core 12 exchange heat and absorb heat, and the coolant releases heat, thereby completing the heating of the passenger compartment. The third electronic water pump 8 is running, and the coolant from the heater core 12 enters the water inlet of the battery pack 18 after passing through the third electronic water pump 8, flows through the battery pack 18 to complete the heating of the battery pack, and then returns to the first coolant one-way valve 10 to complete the cycle.

[0124] Embodiment 12: When the air source heat pump is unavailable in cold regions and only the water source heat pump is available, the single battery pack is used for heating, and the heater core does not exchange heat, and is only used as a flow resistance condition.

[0125] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 5, and the connected states are interface one through interface eight, interface two through interface nine, interface three through interface six, interface four through interface five, and interface seven blocked.

[0126] The second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the coolant flows through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17 (which can assist in heating the coolant by generating heat, such as Figure 2 As shown), after taking away the heat, it enters the second heat exchanger 3, where it exchanges heat and returns to the second coolant check valve 11 to complete the cycle. The refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and enters the second heat exchanger 3 after throttling through the first electronic expansion valve 4, and exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through it. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the coolant, and the coolant releases heat. The refrigerant after flowing through the second heat exchanger 3 enters the compressor suction port to complete the cycle. At this time, the second electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant flows as shown. Figure 5 The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, and the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the refrigerant from the exhaust port of the compressor 1, the coolant absorbs heat, and the refrigerant releases heat, and then the coolant flows through the water heater 27 (which can work to assist in heating the coolant, such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 As shown), the blower 14 stops, and there is no heat exchange in the heater core 12. The third electronic water pump 8 is running, and the coolant from the heater core 12 enters the water inlet of the battery pack 18 after passing through the third electronic water pump 8, flows through the battery pack 18 to complete the heating of the battery pack, and then returns to the first coolant one-way valve 10 to complete the cycle.

[0127] Example 13: When air source heat pumps are not available in cold areas and only water source heat pumps are available, dual heating is used, and the outlet water temperature of the heater core is higher than the acceptable threshold of the battery pack inlet water temperature. The outlet water of the battery pack needs to be partially mixed into its water inlet condition.

[0128] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 6, and the connected state is that interface one is connected to interface eight, interface two is connected to interface nine, interface three, interface four, interface five, interface six are mixed, and interface seven is cut off.

[0129] The second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the coolant flows through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17 (which can assist in heating the coolant by generating heat, such as Figure 2 As shown), after taking away the heat, it enters the second heat exchanger 3, where it exchanges heat and returns to the second coolant check valve 11 to complete the cycle. The refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and enters the second heat exchanger 3 after throttling through the first electronic expansion valve 4, and exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through it. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the coolant, and the coolant releases heat. The refrigerant after flowing through the second heat exchanger 3 enters the compressor suction port to complete the cycle. At this time, the second electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant flows as shown. Figure 5 As shown. The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, and the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the refrigerant from the exhaust port of the compressor 1, the coolant absorbs heat, and the refrigerant releases heat, and then the coolant flows through the water heater 27 (which can work to assist in heating the coolant, such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 As shown), the air is taken in by the blower 14 so that the air and the heater core 12 exchange heat and absorb heat, and the coolant releases heat, completing the heating of the passenger compartment. At this time, the interface 4 and the interface 6 of the multi-way valve 19 are both connected with the interface 3 and the interface 5. The coolant after flowing through the heater core 12 enters the interface 4 of the multi-way valve 19 and is then diverted to its interface 3 and interface 5. The third electronic water pump 8 is running, and the coolant after flowing through the battery pack 18 enters the interface 6 of the multi-way valve 19 and is then diverted to its interface 3 and interface 5. Part of the coolant at the outlet of the battery pack 18 and part of the coolant flowing through the heater core 12 are mixed at the interface 5 and then returned to the water inlet of the battery pack 18, completing the heating of the battery pack 18, and controlling its water inlet temperature within the required temperature. At the same time, part of the water out of the battery pack 18 is mixed with the coolant flowing through the heater core 12 diverted to the interface 4 at the interface 6 of the multi-way valve 19 and returned to the first coolant one-way valve 10, completing the water circuit circulation.

[0130] Embodiment 14: When the air source heat pump is not available in cold regions and only the water source heat pump is available, heating condition of a single passenger cabin.

[0131] The multi-way valve 19 is in mode 7, and the connected states are interface one through interface eight, interface two through interface nine, interface three through interface four, interface five through interface six, and interface seven blocked.

[0132] The second electronic water pump 7 is running, the second coolant one-way valve 11 is turned on, and the coolant flows through the two-in-one module 16 and the electric drive assembly 17 (which can assist in heating the coolant by generating heat, such as Figure 2 As shown), after taking away the heat, it enters the second heat exchanger 3, where it exchanges heat and returns to the second coolant check valve 11 to complete the cycle. The refrigerant on the exhaust side of the compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat to the coolant, the liquid storage dryer 24, and enters the second heat exchanger 3 after throttling through the first electronic expansion valve 4, and exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through it. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the coolant, and the coolant releases heat. The refrigerant after flowing through the second heat exchanger 3 enters the compressor suction port to complete the cycle. At this time, the second electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant flows as shown. Figure 5 As shown. The first electronic water pump 6 is running, the first coolant one-way valve 10 is turned on, and the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the refrigerant from the exhaust port of the compressor 1, the coolant absorbs heat, and the refrigerant releases heat, and then the coolant flows through the water heater 27 (which can work to assist in heating the coolant, such as Figure 1 as shown) or directly into the warm air core 12 (as shown Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the air is taken in by the blower 14 so that the air and the heater core 12 exchange heat and absorb heat, and the coolant releases heat, thereby completing the heating of the passenger compartment. If the battery pack 18 has a temperature equalization requirement at this time, the third electronic water pump 8 is operated, and if the battery pack 18 has no requirement at this time, the third electronic water pump 8 is stopped.

[0133] In summary, the present invention constructs a functional and efficient water circuit system by flexibly switching different water circuit connection modes through the multi-way valve 19, as follows:

[0134] Electric drive system integrated thermal management circuit: realizes the cooling function of the electric drive system, while efficiently recovering waste heat or self-heating, improving energy utilization and reducing energy waste.

[0135] Air source heat pump cooling circuit: The air source heat pump circuit is constructed with the help of the radiator 15 to effectively realize the heat dissipation and absorption, and meet the heat exchange requirements of the system under different working conditions.

[0136] Battery pack full-operating condition thermal management circuit: fully covers the cooling, air source / water source heat pump heating, electric heating and uniform temperature control functions of the battery pack 18, ensuring that the battery pack 18 can operate stably and efficiently in various environments.

[0137] Multiple heating circuits in the passenger compartment: supports air source / water source heat pump heating and electric heating in the passenger compartment to provide a comfortable in-car environment for the driver and passengers.

[0138] Dual heating water mixing regulation circuit: Under dual heating conditions, a water mixing circuit with adjustable ratio is designed between the battery pack 18 and the passenger compartment coolant circuit to accurately control the coolant ratio between the two.

[0139] A systems-based approach to thermal management offers the following unique advantages:

[0140] High-efficiency and energy-saving heating: The battery pack 18 and passenger compartment heating innovatively adopt air source heat pump and water source heat pump technology with motor waste heat recovery, which significantly reduces winter heating energy consumption, improves energy utilization efficiency, and reduces vehicle operating costs.

[0141] Optimize battery pack thermal management: Multiple advantages are achieved through a uniquely designed adjustable ratio water mixing structure: First, the water inlet temperature of the battery pack is effectively controlled to avoid the impact of excessively high or low temperatures on battery performance and life; second, the battery pack 18 is connected to the passenger compartment coolant to reduce the number of coolant refills and reduce maintenance costs; third, the heated coolant can directly enter the battery pack 18, with sufficient heating and a fast temperature rise, greatly improving the heating effect of the battery pack 18.

[0142] Flexible control for summer cooling: Under summer cooling conditions, the electric drive system coolant circuit and the water-cooled condenser coolant circuit are designed in parallel, which significantly reduces the coupling between the two and achieves more flexible control. The cooling capacity can be accurately adjusted according to actual needs, improving the overall performance of the system.

[0143] Compared with other heat pump systems in the industry, the present invention uses fewer control valves in the coolant and refrigerant circuits, effectively simplifying the system structure, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving product market competitiveness.

[0144] It should be noted that the description of the above technical solutions is exemplary, and this specification can be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the technical solutions set forth herein. On the contrary, providing these descriptions will make the disclosure of the present invention thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope disclosed in this specification to those skilled in the art. In addition, the technical solution of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims. In the case of using "including", "having" and "comprising" described in this specification, there may also be another part or other parts, and the terms used may generally be singular but may also represent plural forms. Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only more representative examples of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and there may be many variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be deemed to belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat pump type thermal management system for an electric vehicle, comprising a heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly (20), which includes an evaporator (13) and a heater core (12), characterized in that: It also includes a multi-way valve (19) having at least nine interfaces, a cooling liquid circuit connected to the nine different interfaces of the multi-way valve (19), and a refrigerant circuit capable of performing heat exchange with the cooling liquid circuit; The nine interfaces include interface one to interface nine; The coolant circuit comprises an electric drive circuit (300), a heat dissipation circuit (400), a battery circuit (500), a coupling circuit (600) connecting the electric drive circuit (300) and the heat dissipation circuit (400) to the multi-way valve (19), a first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) connected to the heater core (12) and the first heat exchanger (2), and a second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) connected to the second heat exchanger (3); The refrigerant circuit comprises a first refrigerant series circuit connecting a compressor (1), the first heat exchanger (2) and the second heat exchanger (3) in series, and a second refrigerant circuit connecting the compressor (1), the first heat exchanger (2) and the evaporator (13) in series; The multi-way valve (19) can realize the circulation flow of various cooling liquids by controlling the mutual connection or cutoff between various interfaces, and realize the control and switching of various thermal management through the heat exchange between the cooling liquid circuit and the refrigerant circuit.

2. The heat pump type thermal management system of an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the electric drive circuit (300), one end of the heat dissipation circuit (400) and one end of the coupling circuit (600) are respectively connected to any three different interfaces among the interfaces 1 to 9; both ends of the battery circuit (500), both ends of the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) and both ends of the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) are all connected to any two interfaces among the remaining six interfaces among the interfaces 1 to 9, and both ends of the battery circuit (500), both ends of the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) and both ends of the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) are connected to six different interfaces.

3. The heat pump type thermal management system of an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electric drive circuit (300) comprises a coolant pipeline (200) connected to the interface 8 at one end, the coolant pipeline (200) connected to the interface 8 is connected to the electric drive assembly (17) and the two-in-one module (16), and the other end of the coolant pipeline (200) connected to the interface 8 is connected to the coupling circuit (600); The heat dissipation circuit (400) comprises a coolant pipeline (200) connected to the interface 7 at one end, a radiator (15) and a heat dissipation fan (9) are connected to the coolant pipeline (200) connected to the interface 7, and the other end of the coolant pipeline (200) connected to the interface 7 is connected to the coupling circuit (600); The battery circuit (500) comprises a cooling liquid pipeline (200) with two ends respectively connected to the interface five and the interface six, and a battery pack (18) is connected to the cooling liquid pipeline (200) between the interface five and the interface six; The coupling circuit (600) comprises a cooling liquid pipeline (200) having one end connected to the interface nine, and the other end of the cooling liquid pipeline (200) connected to the interface nine is in communication with the electric drive circuit (300) and the heat dissipation circuit (400); The first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) comprises a coolant pipeline (200) with two ends respectively connected to interface three and interface four, and the heater core (12) and the first heat exchanger (2) are both connected to the coolant pipeline (200) between interface three and interface four; The second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) comprises a coolant pipeline (200) with two ends respectively connected to interface 1 and interface 2, and the second heat exchanger (3) is connected to the coolant pipeline (200) between interface 1 and interface 2.

4. The heat pump type thermal management system for an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) further includes a water heater (27) connected to the coolant pipeline (200) between the interface three and the interface four.

5. The heat pump type thermal management system of an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first refrigerant series circuit comprises a first refrigerant pipeline (100) for connecting the compressor (1), the first heat exchanger (2) and the second heat exchanger (3) in series; the second refrigerant series circuit comprises a second refrigerant pipeline (900) connected in parallel to the second heat exchanger (3), the evaporator (13) is connected to the second refrigerant pipeline (900), one end of the second refrigerant pipeline (900) is connected to the air intake side of the compressor (1), and the other end of the second refrigerant pipeline (900) is connected to the first refrigerant pipeline (100) located between the first heat exchanger (2) and the second heat exchanger (3).

6. A thermal management method for a heat pump type thermal management system of an electric vehicle based on any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes a coolant circuit thermal management method and a refrigerant circuit thermal piping method; The coolant circuit thermal management method includes a single-circuit coolant thermal management method for individually controlling one or more of the coolant circuits and a combined-circuit coolant thermal management method for connecting any at least two of the coolant circuits to form at least one circulating coolant circuit; The refrigerant circuit thermal management method includes a single-circuit refrigerant thermal management method in which the compressor (1) is connected to the first heat exchanger (2) or the second heat exchanger (3), or the compressor (1) is connected to the first heat exchanger (2) and the evaporator (13), and a combined-circuit refrigerant thermal management method in which the compressor (1) is connected to the first heat exchanger (2), the second heat exchanger (3) and the evaporator (13).

7. The thermal management method of the heat pump type thermal management system based on electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single-circuit coolant thermal management method includes a single battery circuit thermal management method and a single first heat exchange coolant circuit thermal management method; The single battery circuit thermal management method comprises: connecting the water inlet and the water outlet of the battery circuit (500) through a multi-way valve (19), allowing the coolant to flow through the battery pack (18), and performing uniform temperature control on the battery pack (18); The single first heat exchange coolant loop thermal management method comprises: connecting the water inlet and the water outlet of the first heat exchange coolant loop (700) through a multi-way valve (19), allowing the coolant to pass through the first heat exchanger (2) and perform heat exchange with the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger (2), so that the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger (2) absorbs heat.

8. The thermal management method of the heat pump type thermal management system based on electric vehicles as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The combined circuit coolant thermal pipeline method comprises a first combined circuit thermal management method for combining the electric drive circuit (300), the heat dissipation circuit (400), the coupling circuit (600) and the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) and performing thermal management control; a second combined circuit thermal management method for combining the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) and the battery circuit (500) and performing thermal management control; a third combined circuit thermal management method for combining the battery circuit (500) and the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) and performing thermal management control; a fourth combined circuit thermal management method for combining the electric drive circuit (300), the heat dissipation circuit (400) and the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) and performing thermal management control; and a fifth combined circuit thermal management method for combining the electric drive circuit (300), the coupling circuit (600) and the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) and performing thermal management control.

9. The thermal management method based on the heat pump type thermal management system of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The first combined circuit thermal management method comprises: connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit (300) with the water inlet of the heat dissipation circuit (400) through a multi-way valve (19), connecting the water inlet of the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) with the water outlet of the coupling pipeline (600), and connecting the water outlet of the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) with the water inlet of the heat dissipation circuit (400); when the coolant flows through the electric drive circuit (300), the electric drive assembly (17) can be cooled; when the coolant flows through the heat dissipation circuit (400), the coolant can dissipate heat or simultaneously de-ice the radiator (15); when the coolant flows through the heater core (12) in the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700), the air can be heated to achieve dehumidification or heating of the passenger compartment; when the coolant flows through the coupling circuit, the coolant can enter the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) through the coupling circuit (600); The second combined circuit thermal management method comprises: connecting the water inlet of the battery circuit (500) to the water outlet of the second heat exchange cooling liquid circuit (800) through a multi-way valve (19), and connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit (500) to the water inlet of the second heat exchange cooling liquid circuit (800); when the coolant flows through the battery circuit (500), the battery pack (18) can be cooled or the temperature of the battery pack (18) can be uniformly controlled; when the coolant flows through the second heat exchange cooling liquid circuit (800), heat exchange can be performed with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger (3), so that the coolant flowing through the second heat exchanger (3) releases heat; The third combined circuit thermal management method comprises: connecting the water inlet of the battery circuit (500) to the water outlet of the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700) through a multi-way valve (19), and connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit (500) to the water inlet of the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700); when the coolant flows through the battery circuit (500), the battery pack (18) can be heated, and when the coolant flows through the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700), the passenger compartment can be heated. The third combined circuit thermal management method further comprises: connecting the water inlet and the water outlet of the battery circuit (500), and connecting the water inlet and the water outlet of the first heat exchange coolant circuit (700); The fourth combined circuit thermal management method comprises: connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit (300) to the water inlet of the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) through a multi-way valve (19), connecting the water inlet of the heat dissipation circuit (400) to the water outlet of the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800), and cutting off the interface connected to the coupling pipeline (600); when the coolant flows through the electric drive circuit (300), the electric drive assembly (17) can be cooled; when the coolant flows through the heat dissipation circuit (400), the coolant can absorb heat; when the coolant flows through the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800), the coolant can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger (3), so that the coolant flowing through the second heat exchanger (3) releases heat; The fifth combined circuit thermal management method comprises: connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit (300) to the water inlet of the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) through a multi-way valve (19), connecting the water outlet of the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800) to the water inlet of the coupling circuit (600), and cutting off the interface connected to the heat dissipation circuit (400); when the coolant flows through the electric drive circuit (300), the electric drive assembly (17) can be cooled; when the coolant flows through the coupling circuit (600), the coolant can be introduced into the electric drive circuit (300) through the coupling circuit (600); when the coolant flows through the second heat exchange coolant circuit (800), heat exchange can be performed with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger (3), so that the coolant flowing through the second heat exchanger (3) releases heat.

10. The thermal management method based on the heat pump type thermal management system of electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single-circuit refrigerant thermal management method comprises: opening a valve between the first heat exchanger (2) and the evaporator (13), closing a valve between the first heat exchanger (2) and the second heat exchanger (3), or closing a valve between the first heat exchanger (2) and the evaporator (13), and opening a valve between the first heat exchanger (2) and the second heat exchanger (3), so that the compressor (1) and the first heat exchanger (2) are selectively connected to the evaporator (13) or the second heat exchanger (3); The combined circuit refrigerant thermal management method comprises: opening a valve between the first heat exchanger (2) and the evaporator (13) and a valve between the first heat exchanger (2) and the second heat exchanger (3), so that the compressor (1) and the first heat exchanger (2) are connected to the evaporator (13) and the second heat exchanger (3) at the same time.

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