Melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of continuous basalt fiber production equipment, in particular to a melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers. Comprising a tunnel furnace, a melting furnace in butt joint with an outlet of the tunnel furnace and a wire drawing device arranged at the outlet of the melting furnace, the tunnel furnace comprises a conveying chain plate and heating mechanisms arranged on the two sides of the conveying chain plate, and the multiple sets of heating mechanisms are arranged in the conveying direction of a conveying chain; the melting furnace comprises a melting furnace body, a homogenizing channel, a homogenizing furnace body and a melt leakage channel which are communicated in sequence, an electrode device is arranged on the melting furnace body, and basalt is preheated by the tunnel furnace, melted in the melting furnace and subjected to wire drawing forming through the wire drawing device. The problems that the cold material heating capacity is weak, and energy partition adjustment cannot be conducted are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of continuous basalt fiber production equipment, in particular to a melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers. Background Art

[0002] Basalt continuous fiber is made of natural volcanic extrusive rock as raw material. It is crushed and added into a melting furnace. After melting at 1450-1500 ℃, it is made into continuous fiber through a wire drawing plate. It has many excellent properties such as high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, good electrical insulation and green environmental protection. It is widely used in transportation, construction, engineering plastics, military industry, aerospace and other fields.

[0003] Traditional basalt fiber melting equipment lacks precise control in energy replenishment and cannot reasonably allocate energy according to the different stages and regional requirements of the melting process. Energy cannot be concentrated in the key melting area, resulting in large overall energy consumption and low melting efficiency. The Chinese invention patent CN106396340B discloses an electric melting furnace for producing continuous basalt fiber, including a furnace cover, a furnace, a feeding device, a power supply device, an electric melting control device, an electrode assembly and a thermocouple assembly. The electrode assembly is multi-layered in the furnace, which realizes uniform melting of basalt stone, but the energy cannot be adjusted in different zones.

[0004] The heating capacity of existing technical equipment is limited. If electric heating uses molten medium to indirectly heat rocks, the heating capacity of cold materials is weak, and crusting is easy to occur. The overall heating and melting time is long, and the production capacity is low. If the cold materials are heated before being put into the furnace, crusting is easy to occur when the heating temperature is low, and the problem of long melting still exists. If the heating temperature is high, the stones are easy to stick together and the feed is easy to be blocked. A simple electric melting tank kiln cannot guarantee uniform heating of the stones, and it is difficult to achieve ideal homogenization of the melt, which will affect the final fiber quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of weak heating capacity for cold materials and inability to adjust energy partitions, the present invention provides a melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers.

[0006] The present invention provides a melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers, which adopts the following technical solution: A melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers comprises a tunnel furnace, a melting kiln furnace connected to the tunnel furnace outlet, and a wire drawing device arranged at the melting kiln furnace outlet. The tunnel furnace comprises a conveying chain plate, heating mechanisms arranged on both sides of the conveying chain plate, and a plurality of heating mechanisms are arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chain. The melting kiln furnace comprises a melting furnace body, a homogenizing channel, a homogenizing furnace body and a molten liquid leakage channel which are connected in sequence. An electrode device is arranged on the melting kiln furnace body. The tunnel furnace preheats the basalt, and melts it in the melting kiln furnace and draws it into a wire through the wire drawing device.

[0007] Furthermore, the heating mechanism includes an annular fan blade, a driving motor for driving the annular fan blade to rotate, a heating wire and a heat conducting plate arranged on the outside of the annular fan blade, a protective plate covering the annular fan blade and the heat conducting plate, and heat dissipation mesh holes are provided in the middle and around the protective plate, and the heat conducting plate is in an arc shape.

[0008] Furthermore, the interior of the melting furnace body forms a stepped structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. The upper part of the melting furnace body forms a melting zone, and the lower part forms a clarification zone. The melting zone is provided with a main melting electrode, and the main melting electrode is inserted into the melting zone through the side wall of the melting furnace body. The clarification zone is provided with an auxiliary electrode, and the auxiliary electrode is inserted into the clarification zone through the bottom wall of the melting furnace body. The homogenizing furnace body is provided with a temperature regulating electrode, and the temperature regulating electrode is inserted into the homogenizing furnace body through the side wall of the homogenizing furnace body. The volume ratio of the melting zone to the clarification zone is 3:1-1:1.

[0009] Further, the melting zone forms four separate areas on the same horizontal plane, and the main melting electrodes in the four separate areas are configured to be individually controlled to be energized.

[0010] Furthermore, the melting furnace comprises a dense layer, a sealing layer and a thermal insulation layer from the inside to the outside, the dense layer comprises electric-melted AZS and chrome bricks, the sealing layer comprises AZS ramming mass and zircon ramming mass, and the inner wall of the melting furnace body forms a chamfered structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the homogenization channel forms a flow-melting hole, the height of the flow-melting hole is not less than 150 mm, and the ratio of the height to the width of the flow-melting hole is 1:2-1:3.5.

[0012] Furthermore, the molten liquid leakage channel is formed with a channel connected to the homogenizing furnace body for discharging the molten liquid, and a drainage hole is formed on the channel. A platinum-rhodium alloy leakage plate is provided at the drainage hole, and a plurality of drainage holes are formed along the flow direction of the molten liquid.

[0013] Furthermore, the wire drawing device comprises an impregnation roller and a guide roller, a false twister is provided below the guide rail, and a winding collector is provided below the false twister.

[0014] Furthermore, a vibrating device is provided at the joint between the outlet of the tunnel furnace and the inlet of the melting furnace, and the vibrating device includes a vibrating chute inclined along the material feeding direction, a base connected to the bottom of the vibrating chute through multiple groups of vibration springs, and a vibration motor arranged at the bottom of the vibrating chute to vibrate the vibrating chute, and the vibrating chute is in the shape of a trumpet.

[0015] Furthermore, a shielding mechanism is provided at the entrance of the tunnel furnace, and the shielding mechanism includes a hydraulic rod arranged on the tunnel furnace and a shielding plate connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod, and the shielding plate shields the entrance of the tunnel furnace as the hydraulic rod is extended and retracted.

[0016] Furthermore, a lifting and conveying device is provided at the entrance of the tunnel furnace, and the lifting and conveying device includes a circular conveyor belt and a conveying motor that drives the conveyor belt to operate. The conveying direction of the conveyor belt is to lift toward the entrance of the tunnel furnace, and a lifting plate perpendicular to the conveyor belt is provided on the conveyor belt.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: Energy zoning control and efficient utilization of the present invention: 1. The present invention proposes a melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers. The upper part of the melting furnace body of the melting furnace is the melting zone, and the lower part is the clarification zone. Energy can be concentrated in the melting zone for efficient melting, and the auxiliary electrode in the clarification zone can also provide energy on demand, realizing the reasonable distribution of energy in different key areas. The main melting electrodes in each area can be controlled and energized separately. The operator can adjust the heating power of each area according to the actual situation of the material in different parts during the melting process, which improves the flexibility and accuracy of the melting process, ensures that the material can be evenly heated in the melting zone, and further improves the melting efficiency and quality.

[0018] 2. The present invention optimizes the cold material heating process by adding a tunnel furnace to preheat the basalt before it enters the melting furnace. Multiple groups of heating mechanisms are arranged in the tunnel furnace. The rotation of the annular fan blades can accelerate heat transfer, so that the basalt is evenly heated on the conveyor chain plate, effectively improving the heating capacity of the cold material. There are multiple heating mechanisms, which can be set to step heating, and the upper and lower layers of the conveyor chain plate can also set the temperature separately. The basalt preheated by the tunnel furnace enters the melting furnace again, reducing the heating difficulties, incrustation and feed blockage caused by the cold material directly entering the melting furnace.

[0019] 3. The melting furnace of the present invention is provided with a homogenizing channel and a homogenizing furnace body. The homogenizing channel forms a flow hole of a specific size, which can effectively guide the flow of the molten liquid and promote the mixing of the molten liquid. The temperature regulating electrode can accurately adjust the temperature of the molten liquid in the homogenizing furnace body, so that the temperature of the molten liquid is uniform during the homogenization process, thereby ensuring that the composition of the molten liquid is more uniform, solving the problem in the prior art that it is difficult for a simple electric melting tank kiln to achieve ideal homogenization of the molten liquid, and ultimately facilitating the formation of high-quality basalt continuous fibers.

[0020] 4. The inner wall of the melting furnace of the present invention forms a chamfered structure, so that the energy is concentrated in the upper part of the kiln for melting. At the same time, the chamfered structure reduces the retention of the melt on the furnace wall, improves the uniformity of the melt, and helps to improve the fiber quality. The wire drawing device is equipped with an impregnation roller, a guide roller, a false twister and a winding collector. The false twister can improve the physical properties of the fiber, increase the cohesion between fibers, improve the processability of the fiber, make the wire drawing process smoother, and improve the quality of the finished fiber.

[0021] 5. A material vibrating device is provided at the joint between the tunnel furnace and the melting furnace of the present invention, which can make the basalt preheated by the tunnel furnace enter the melting furnace evenly and smoothly. A shielding mechanism is provided at the entrance of the tunnel furnace to reduce heat loss and keep the temperature in the tunnel furnace stable. The lifting and conveying device at the entrance of the tunnel furnace can smoothly lift and convey the basalt raw materials to the entrance of the tunnel furnace, which is convenient for loading operations and improves the degree of production automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 It is embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of middle A; Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the melting furnace of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 1 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the melting furnace of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the melting furnace of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a shielding mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting and conveying device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the material vibrating device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Among them, 1. Tunnel furnace; 101. Conveyor chain plate; 2. Heating mechanism; 201. Annular fan blade; 202. Driving motor; 203. Heating wire; 204. Heat conducting plate; 205. Protective plate; 206. Heat exhaust mesh; 3. Shielding mechanism; 301. Hydraulic rod; 302. Shielding plate; 4. Lifting and conveying device; 401. Conveyor belt; 402. Lifting plate; 5. Melting furnace; 501. Dense layer; 502. Sealing layer; 503. Insulation layer; 6. Melting furnace body; 601. Melting zone; 602. Main melting Electrode; 603, clarification zone; 604, auxiliary electrode; 605, electrode impedance protection device; 7, homogenization channel; 8, homogenization furnace body; 801, temperature control electrode; 9, melt leakage channel; 901, groove; 902, drainage through hole; 903, platinum-rhodium alloy leakage plate; 10, wire drawing device; 1001, impregnation roller; 1002, guide roller; 1003, false twister; 1004, winding collector; 11, vibration device; 1101, vibration slide; 1102, vibration spring; 1103, vibration motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 A melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers in this embodiment includes a tunnel furnace 1, a melting furnace 5 connected to the outlet of the tunnel furnace 1, and a wire drawing device 10 arranged at the outlet of the melting furnace 5. The tunnel furnace 1 includes a conveying chain plate 101, and heating mechanisms 2 are arranged on both sides of the conveying chain plate 101. The heating mechanisms 2 are provided with multiple groups along the conveying direction of the conveying chain. The melting furnace 5 includes a melting furnace body 6, a homogenizing channel 7, a homogenizing furnace body 8 and a molten liquid leakage channel 9 which are connected in sequence. An electrode device is provided on the melting furnace 5. The tunnel furnace 1 preheats the basalt, and melts it in the melting furnace 5 and draws it into a wire through the wire drawing device 10.

[0026] The conveying chain plate 101 of the tunnel furnace 1 is responsible for carrying the basalt raw material and smoothly conveying it along the length direction of the tunnel furnace 1, so that the raw material passes through each heating mechanism 2 in turn. Each heating mechanism 2 can adjust the temperature individually to achieve gradual preheating. The heating mechanism 2 quickly and evenly transfers the heat generated by the heating wire 203 to the basalt raw material through the air convection generated by the rotation of the annular fan blade 201, preheats the raw material, increases the temperature of the raw material before entering the melting furnace 5, reduces the melting burden of the melting furnace 5, and reduces the heating difficulty and incrustation caused by the cold material directly entering the melting furnace 5.

[0027] The heating mechanism 2 includes an annular fan blade 201, a driving motor 202 for driving the annular fan blade 201 to rotate, a heating wire 203 and a heat conducting plate 204 arranged on the outside of the annular fan blade 201, and a protective plate 205 covering the annular fan blade 201 and the heat conducting plate 204. The middle and surrounding areas of the protective plate 205 are provided with heat dissipation mesh holes 206, and the heat conducting plate 204 is in an arc shape.

[0028] The interior of the melting furnace body 6 forms a stepped structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. The upper part of the melting furnace body 6 forms a melting zone 601, and the lower part forms a clarification zone 603. The melting zone 601 is provided with a main melting electrode 602, and the main melting electrode 602 is inserted into the melting zone 601 through the side wall of the melting furnace body 6. The clarification zone 603 is provided with an auxiliary electrode 604, and the auxiliary electrode 604 is inserted into the clarification zone 603 through the bottom wall of the melting furnace body 6. The homogenizing furnace body 8 is provided with a temperature regulating electrode 801, and the temperature regulating electrode 801 is inserted into the homogenizing furnace body 8 through the side wall of the homogenizing furnace body 8. The volume ratio of the melting zone 601 to the clarification zone 603 is 3:1-1:1, preferably 2.5:1-1.5:1.

[0029] The melting zone 601 forms four separate areas on the same horizontal plane, and the main melting electrodes 602 in the four separate areas are configured to be individually controlled to be energized.

[0030] The step-type structural design of the melting furnace body 6 takes a volume ratio of 3:1-1:1 as an example, in which the upper part is larger and the lower part is smaller. The larger space of the upper melting zone 601 can provide enough area for the basalt raw material to be fully melted under the action of the main melting electrode 602, forming a larger molten pool, which is beneficial to improving the melting efficiency; the relatively smaller space of the lower clarification zone 603 is more suitable for clarification of the melt after melting, and the setting of the auxiliary electrode 604 can properly heat the clarification process, promote the discharge of bubbles and precipitation of impurities in the melt.

[0031] The flow hole allows the molten melt to be further mixed and homogenized during the flow process, thereby reducing the non-uniformity of the melt composition and temperature, and providing a more uniform melt for subsequent processing of the homogenization furnace body 8.

[0032] The temperature regulating electrode 801 in the homogenizing furnace body 8 accurately adjusts the temperature of the melt to ensure that the temperature of the melt is stable during the homogenization process, further improve the quality of the melt, and make the final melt more suitable for wire drawing.

[0033] The homogenized molten metal is guided to the liquid discharge hole 902 through the molten metal leakage channel 9, and the molten metal is squeezed out through the platinum-rhodium alloy leakage plate 903 to form fiber filaments.

[0034] The main melting electrode 602, auxiliary electrode 604 and temperature regulating electrode 801 in the electrode device heat and stir the melt through the heat generated by the current during the melting, clarifying and homogenizing processes, promote the physical and chemical reactions of the materials, and achieve the melting, clarifying and homogenizing of basalt. As shown in Figure x, the melting zone 601 is divided into two zones, A1 and A2 on the A side, and two zones, B1 and B2 on the B side, for heating. Each zone is controlled by an independent control unit. The vertical main melting electrode 602 of the rectangular melting furnace body 6 is divided into three layers, each layer is controlled separately, and each control unit uses a three-phase transformer with a triangle connection on the input side. The rectangular size is a:b=3.5:1, preferably 2:1-3:1.

[0035] Two to three pairs of electrode impedance protection devices 605 are provided on the C and D surfaces of the melting furnace body 6 to protect the electrodes and minimize electrode erosion.

[0036] Dense layer 501, sealing layer 502 and insulation layer 503: the dense layer 501 resists the erosion of high-temperature melt and protects the structure of the melting furnace 5; the sealing layer 502 prevents melt leakage and heat loss; the insulation layer 503 reduces the heat transfer from the melting furnace 5 to the outside world and improves energy utilization efficiency.

[0037] The chamfered structure can reduce the retention of the melt on the inner wall of the melting furnace body 6, making the melt flow more smoothly and avoiding temperature unevenness and quality problems caused by melt accumulation.

[0038] The melting furnace 5 includes a dense layer 501, a sealing layer 502 and an insulating layer 503 from the inside to the outside. The dense layer 501 includes electric-melted AZS and chrome bricks. The sealing layer 502 includes AZS ramming material and zircon ramming material. The inner wall of the melting furnace body 6 forms a chamfered structure, preferably 150mm-200mm.

[0039] The dense layer 501 of the melting furnace 5 is laid alternately with fused AZS and chrome bricks. The fused AZS has good corrosion resistance and can effectively resist the scouring and erosion of high-temperature melt; the chrome bricks have high strength and high temperature resistance. The combination of the two can provide a solid inner layer structure for the melting furnace 5.

[0040] When laying the AZS ramming material and zircon ramming material of the sealing layer 502, professional ramming technology is used to ensure the density and sealing of the sealing layer 502. The AZS ramming material has good high temperature resistance and sealing performance, and the zircon ramming material has a certain adsorption effect on certain impurities, which can further improve the protective effect of the sealing layer 502 and prevent melt leakage and heat loss.

[0041] The homogenization channel 7 forms a flow melting hole, the height of the flow melting hole is not less than 150 mm, and the ratio of the height to the width of the flow melting hole is 1:2-1:3.5.

[0042] The molten liquid leakage channel 9 is formed with a channel 901 for discharging the molten liquid and connected to the homogenizing furnace body 8. A drainage hole 902 is formed on the channel 901. A platinum-rhodium alloy leakage plate 903 is provided at the drainage hole 902. A plurality of drainage holes 902 are formed along the flow direction of the molten liquid.

[0043] The wire drawing device 10 includes an impregnation roller 1001 and a guide roller 1002 . A false twister 1003 is provided below the guide rail, and a winding collector 1004 is provided below the false twister 1003 .

[0044] The impregnation roller 1001 evenly covers the fiber surface with the impregnation agent, reduces the friction between the fiber and subsequent components, and improves the flexibility and processability of the fiber. The guide roller 1002 accurately guides the fiber to ensure that the fiber maintains linear motion during the drawing process, avoids problems such as bending and winding of the fiber, and ensures the quality of the drawing. The false twister 1003 applies false twist to the fiber to improve the physical properties of the fiber, increase the cohesion between the fibers, and improve the processability and quality of the fiber. The winding collector 1004 evenly winds the drawn fiber filaments on the winding shaft to collect and organize the fibers, which is convenient for subsequent packaging and transportation.

[0045] The surface of the impregnation roller 1001 is coated with a special impregnation agent, which can reduce the friction between the fiber and the impregnation roller 1001, and evenly cover the fiber surface with a layer of protective liquid, thereby improving the flexibility and processability of the fiber. The impregnation roller 1001 is made of corrosion-resistant rubber material, which can effectively guide and pull the fiber without damaging the fiber.

[0046] A vibrating device 11 is provided at the joint between the outlet of the tunnel furnace 1 and the inlet of the melting kiln furnace 5. The vibrating device 11 includes a vibrating chute 1101 inclined along the material feeding direction, a base connected to the bottom of the vibrating chute 1101 through multiple groups of vibrating springs 1102, and a vibrating motor 1103 provided at the bottom of the vibrating chute 1101 for vibrating the vibrating chute 1101. The vibrating chute 1101 is in the shape of a trumpet.

[0047] The vibrating material chute 1101 receives the basalt raw material at the outlet of the tunnel furnace 1, and under the action of the vibration motor 1103 and the vibration spring 1102, the raw material is vibrated and transported to the inlet of the melting furnace 5, ensuring that the raw material can be smoothly and evenly discharged to avoid the accumulation or blockage of the raw material. The vibration spring 1102 provides elastic support for the vibrating material chute 1101, so that the vibrating material chute 1101 can generate stable vibration under the drive of the vibration motor 1103, thereby promoting the flow of the raw material. The vibration motor 1103 generates vibration power, driving the vibrating material chute 1101 to vibrate at a suitable frequency and amplitude, thereby realizing efficient transportation of the raw material.

[0048] A shielding mechanism 3 is provided at the entrance of the tunnel furnace 1. The shielding mechanism 3 includes a hydraulic rod 301 arranged on the tunnel furnace 1 and a shielding plate 302 connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 301. The shielding plate 302 shields the entrance of the tunnel furnace 1 as the hydraulic rod 301 is extended and retracted.

[0049] The hydraulic rod 301 controls the lifting and lowering of the shielding plate 302 to cover and open the entrance of the tunnel furnace 1, reduce the heat loss in the tunnel furnace 1, prevent the entry of foreign impurities, and maintain the temperature stability and clean environment in the tunnel furnace 1. The shielding plate 302 blocks foreign impurities such as dust and moisture from entering the tunnel furnace 1, and at the same time plays a heat insulation role to reduce the heat dissipation to the outside.

[0050] The entrance of the tunnel furnace 1 is provided with a lifting and conveying device 4, which includes a circular conveyor belt 401 and a conveying motor driving the conveyor belt 401. The conveying direction of the conveyor belt 401 is to lift toward the entrance of the tunnel furnace 1. The conveyor belt 401 is provided with a lifting plate 402 perpendicular to the conveyor belt 401. The circular conveyor belt 401 lifts the basalt raw material from the ground to the entrance of the tunnel furnace 1, realizing continuous transportation of the raw material and improving the feeding efficiency. The conveying motor provides power to drive the conveyor belt 401 to operate, and its speed can be adjusted to meet different production needs. The lifting plate 402 is fixed on the conveyor belt 401, and is used to carry and lift the basalt raw material to ensure the stability of the raw material during transportation.

[0051] Preheating allows the raw materials to reach the glass transition temperature (Tg≈750℃), significantly reducing the thermal stress at the hot and cold interfaces in the melting furnace and avoiding the "cold core effect". Step-by-step heating (20℃→800℃→1450℃) promotes the orderly depolymerization of the silicate network. XRD analysis (random sampling to detect component consistency) shows that the quartz phase content in the experimental group is reduced by 27%. Preheating reduces the sudden cooling and heating cycles of the melting furnace electrodes. SEM (scanning electron microscopy) shows that the surface crack density of the electrode in the control group (direct heating by existing technology) is 3.6 times that of the experimental group (preheating in a tunnel furnace).

[0052] The "cold core effect" refers to the fact that in similar processes such as melting basalt continuous fibers, if the raw materials are heated directly in the melting furnace without preheating, due to the low initial temperature of the raw materials, a large temperature difference is formed with the high temperature melting furnace environment, and a relatively low temperature core area will be formed inside the raw materials, especially in the area close to the contact with the furnace body. The low temperature core area will cause adverse effects: due to the large temperature difference between the cold and hot areas, a large thermal stress will be generated inside the raw materials. This thermal stress may cause cracking and breaking of the raw materials, affecting the melting effect of the raw materials and the quality of the final product, and will also have an adverse effect on the furnace structure of the melting furnace, such as damaging the furnace lining material. The existence of the low temperature core area will cause uneven heating of the raw materials in the melting furnace, resulting in inconsistent melting speeds, making it difficult to achieve uniform melting, and some raw materials will not be completely melted, while other parts will be overheated, which will affect the homogeneity of the melt and be unfavorable for subsequent process operations such as wire drawing. For melting furnaces heated by electrodes, this uneven heating and cooling can cause drastic changes in temperature around the electrodes, causing the electrodes to undergo frequent cycles of sudden cooling and heating, accelerating electrode wear, reducing electrode service life, and increasing production costs and equipment maintenance costs.

[0053] When working: Raw material loading: Basalt raw material is loaded by the lifting and conveying device 4. The circular conveyor belt 401 of the lifting and conveying device 4 is driven by the conveying motor, and the lifting plate 402 on the conveyor belt 401 lifts the raw material from the ground to the entrance of the tunnel furnace 1. The speed of the conveying motor can be adjusted by the frequency conversion controller according to production needs to control the loading speed. At this time, the raw material is at room temperature, about 20°C.

[0054] Preheating of tunnel furnace 1: After entering the tunnel furnace 1, the raw materials fall on the conveying chain plate 101. Driven by the driving device, the conveying chain plate 101 slowly conveys the raw materials along the length direction of the tunnel furnace 1. During the conveying process, the raw materials pass through multiple groups of heating mechanisms 2 in sequence. The driving motor 202 of the heating mechanism 2 drives the annular fan blade 201 to rotate, so that air forms convection between the annular fan blade 201 and the heat conducting plate 204, and quickly transfers the heat generated by the heating wire 203 to the raw materials for preheating.

[0055] By adjusting the motor speed of the tunnel furnace 1 and the power of the heating wire 203, the raw material is gradually heated in the tunnel furnace 1. Generally speaking, the raw material starts from a room temperature of about 20°C at the inlet of the tunnel furnace 1, and after the action of multiple groups of heating mechanisms 2, the temperature is finally raised to about 800°C - 1000°C at the outlet of the tunnel furnace 1. Under the heating action, the raw material reaches a critical temperature, softens and melts on the surface, and the surface viscosity decreases and the particle size decreases.

[0056] Unloading of the vibrating device 11: The raw materials preheated to 800℃ - 1000℃ arrive at the exit of the tunnel furnace 1 and enter the vibrating chute 1101 of the vibrating device 11. The vibration motor 1103 at the bottom of the vibrating chute 1101 starts to work under the action of the controller and generates vibration. The vibration is transmitted to the vibrating chute 1101 through the vibration spring 1102, so that the vibrating chute 1101 vibrates at a certain frequency and amplitude. Under the action of vibration, the raw materials slide smoothly into the entrance of the melting furnace 5 along the inclined vibrating chute 1101. The operator can adjust the vibration frequency and exciting force of the vibration motor 1103 according to the unloading situation of the raw materials to ensure smooth unloading. In this process, due to the short time and certain heat insulation measures of the vibrating device 11, the temperature of the raw materials drops less, and the temperature is still maintained at about 750℃ - 950℃ when entering the melting furnace 5.

[0057] Melting furnace 5 Melting and homogenization: Melting: The raw materials entering the melting furnace 5 are first melted in the melting zone 601 of the melting furnace body 6. The main melting electrode 602 of the melting zone 601 is inserted into the melt through the side wall, and generates heat after being energized to melt the raw materials quickly. Since the melting zone 601 is divided into four separate areas on the same horizontal plane, and the main melting electrode 602 in each area can be controlled to be energized separately, the operator can accurately adjust the heating power of different areas according to the melting condition of the melt.

[0058] Under the action of the main melting electrode 602, the temperature of the melting zone 601 rises rapidly to 1450°C - 1500°C, so that the raw materials are quickly melted into a melt at high temperature. The melted melt flows into the clarification zone 603 at the bottom of the melting furnace body 6 under the action of gravity.

[0059] Clarification: The auxiliary electrode 604 in the clarification zone 603 heats the melt, promotes the discharge of bubbles and precipitation of impurities in the melt, and improves the purity of the melt. When the auxiliary electrode 604 is working, the temperature of the clarification zone 603 is maintained at about 1350℃ - 1400℃ to ensure that the melt is fully clarified within this temperature range.

[0060] Homogenization: The clarified melt enters the homogenization furnace body 8 through the flow hole of the homogenization channel 7. The temperature regulating electrode 801 in the homogenization furnace body 8 accurately adjusts the temperature of the melt to ensure that the temperature of the melt is uniform during the homogenization process. The temperature of the homogenization furnace body 8 is controlled at about 1300℃ - 1350℃, so that the melt is further mixed and homogenized at this temperature to improve the quality of the melt.

[0061] Wire drawing: The homogenized melt, with a temperature of about 1300℃ - 1350℃, passes through the channel 901 of the melt drain 9 and is extruded from the platinum-rhodium alloy drain plate 903 at the drain hole 902 to form fiber filaments. The fiber filaments first pass through the impregnation roller 1001, and the surface is evenly covered with impregnation agent to reduce friction and improve flexibility. Then, under the guidance of the guide roller 1002, the fiber filaments maintain linear motion and enter the false twister 1003.

[0062] The false twister 1003 applies false twist to the fiber to improve the physical properties of the fiber. Since the temperature of the fiber will decrease due to heat loss during the drawing process, the false-twisted fiber is finally collected by the winding collector 1004. The automatic wire arrangement device of the winding collector 1004 evenly winds the fiber on the winding shaft to complete the fiber drawing process.

[0063] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tunnel furnace (1), a melting furnace (5) connected to the outlet of the tunnel furnace (1), and a wire drawing device (10) arranged at the outlet of the melting furnace (5). The tunnel furnace (1) comprises a conveying chain plate (101), heating mechanisms (2) arranged on both sides of the conveying chain plate (101), and a plurality of heating mechanisms (2) are arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chain. The melting furnace (5) comprises a melting furnace body (6), a homogenizing channel (7), a homogenizing furnace body (8) and a molten liquid leakage channel (9) which are connected in sequence. An electrode device is arranged on the melting furnace (5). The tunnel furnace (1) preheats basalt, and melts it in the melting furnace (5) and draws it into shape through the wire drawing device (10).

2. A melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism (2) comprises an annular fan blade (201), a driving motor (202) for driving the annular fan blade (201) to rotate, a heating wire (203) and a heat conducting plate (204) arranged outside the annular fan blade (201), and a protective plate (205) covering the annular fan blade (201) and the heat conducting plate (204), wherein heat dissipation mesh holes (206) are arranged in the middle and around the protective plate (205), and the heat conducting plate (204) is in an arc shape.

3. The melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the melting furnace body (6) forms a stepped structure with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. The upper portion of the melting furnace body (6) forms a melting zone (601), and the lower portion forms a clarification zone (603). The melting zone (601) is provided with a main melting electrode (602), and the main melting electrode (602) is inserted into the melting zone (601) through the side wall of the melting furnace body (6). The clarification zone (603) is provided with an auxiliary electrode (604), and the auxiliary electrode (604) is inserted into the clarification zone (603) through the bottom wall of the melting furnace body (6). The homogenizing furnace body (8) is provided with a temperature regulating electrode (801), and the temperature regulating electrode (801) is inserted into the homogenizing furnace body (8) through the side wall of the homogenizing furnace body (8). The volume ratio of the melting zone (601) to the clarification zone (603) is 3:1-1:

1.

4. A melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The melting zone (601) forms four separate areas on the same horizontal plane, and the main melting electrodes (602) in the four separate areas are configured to be individually controlled to be energized.

5. The melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melting furnace (5) comprises a dense layer (501), a sealing layer (502) and a heat-insulating layer (503) from the inside to the outside, the dense layer (501) comprises fused AZS and chrome bricks, the sealing layer (502) comprises AZS ramming material and zircon ramming material, and the inner wall of the melting furnace body (6) forms a chamfered structure.

6. The melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The homogenization channel (7) forms a flow-melting hole, the height of the flow-melting hole is not less than 150 mm, and the ratio of the height to the width of the flow-melting hole is 1:2-1:3.

5.

7. The melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molten liquid leakage channel (9) is formed with a channel (901) for discharging the molten liquid and connected to the homogenizing furnace body (8); a drainage hole (902) is formed on the channel (901); a platinum-rhodium alloy leakage plate (903) is provided at the drainage hole (902); and a plurality of drainage holes (902) are formed along the flow direction of the molten liquid.

8. The melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire drawing device (10) comprises a soaking roller (1001) and a guide roller (1002), a false twister (1003) is provided below the guide rail, and a winding collector (1004) is provided below the false twister (1003).

9. The melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material vibrating device (11) is provided at the joint between the outlet of the tunnel furnace (1) and the inlet of the melting furnace (5), the material vibrating device (11) comprising a material vibrating slideway (1101) arranged obliquely along the material feeding direction, a base connected to the bottom of the material vibrating slideway (1101) via a plurality of groups of vibration springs (1102), and a vibration motor (1103) arranged at the bottom of the material vibrating slideway (1101) for vibrating the material vibrating slideway (1101), wherein the material vibrating slideway (1101) is in the shape of a trumpet.

10. The melting furnace for melting basalt continuous fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shielding mechanism (3) is provided at the entrance of the tunnel furnace (1), the shielding mechanism (3) comprising a hydraulic rod (301) arranged on the tunnel furnace (1), and a shielding plate (302) connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (301), the shielding plate (302) shielding the entrance of the tunnel furnace (1) as the hydraulic rod (301) telescopes, a lifting and conveying device (4) is provided at the entrance of the tunnel furnace (1), the lifting and conveying device (4) comprising a circular conveyor belt (401), and a conveying motor driving the conveyor belt (401) to operate, the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (401) is to lift toward the entrance of the tunnel furnace (1), and a lifting plate (402) perpendicular to the conveyor belt (401) is provided on the conveyor belt (401).

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