Method for preparing functional ceramic material from tourmaline tailings

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a functional ceramic material by utilizing tourmaline tailings, and relates to the fields of efficient resource utilization of non-metal tailings, novel functional ceramic material preparation technologies and the like. The schorlite tailings are used as main raw materials, part of low-melting-point sintering aids can be additionally added, and the functional ceramic material is prepared through a low-temperature sintering process. The specific preparation method mainly comprises the four steps of mixing, forming, sintering, grinding and the like. The functional ceramic material prepared by the invention shows excellent far infrared emission performance, the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, resource conservation, low cost, easiness in popularization and the like, the procedures of crushing, grinding and the like on the raw materials such as tourmaline in the existing preparation technology can be omitted, the components of the tourmaline tailings can be efficiently utilized, and the production cost is reduced. Tourmaline resources are saved, the input cost is reduced, and the method has important significance on providing a new resource utilization path for treatment and absorption of the tourmaline tailings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of functional utilization of non-metallic ore tailings and preparation of novel functional ceramic materials, and in particular to a method for preparing functional ceramic materials by utilizing tourmaline tailings. Background Art

[0002] Resource depletion and environmental degradation are still huge challenges facing the world today. In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's economy, the environmental pressure brought by mineral resource development activities has become increasingly greater, and the discharge of industrial solid waste has increased. Tailings, as one of the major categories, are the remaining part of the useful concentrate selected by the mining beneficiation plant through ore crushing, screening, grinding, grading, re-selection, flotation and other sorting processes. Due to the inability to be consumed in time, a large amount of accumulation has been generated, which will not only cause a large amount of resource waste, but also a large amount of land will be occupied for a long time, causing pollution and damage to the local ecological environment. There are also great safety hazards, which have forced more funds and manpower to be invested in its governance and maintenance, and ultimately brought more severe resources, environment, land, safety, economy and other thorny social problems. Therefore, how to reasonably and effectively improve the integration and development of industrial solid waste, open up new paths for the comprehensive utilization of secondary resources, alleviate the excessive dependence of human activities on natural resources and reduce the damage to the ecological environment, and promote human society to move towards a more sustainable and high-quality development path, has become one of the important topics in the current research field of advanced mineral materials.

[0003] Tourmaline (meaning "colorful gem") is a precious boron-containing complex silicate mineral with a special cyclic silicate structure and physical and chemical properties such as spontaneous polarization and far-infrared emission. It is often used in the form of tourmaline powder additives and is mostly used in energy conservation, environmental protection, life and health. It has been successfully applied in the fields of sanitary ceramics, easy-to-clean antibacterial ceramics, green building coatings, functional fiber products, etc. Patent No. CN 110128572 A discloses a method for preparing modified polypropylene particles by adding nano tourmaline powder to polybutylene succinate, polylactic acid and acetyl tributyl citrate. The new composite material can be used to spin polypropylene fibers or polypropylene composite fibers, so that the obtained fibers have the function of generating negative ions and far infrared, which has an effective effect on human health and improving environmental quality. Patent No. CN110699127 A discloses a fuel efficient activation material, which is prepared by sintering with tourmaline powder as one of the raw materials. Patent No. CN 111925198A discloses a tourmaline far-infrared functional powder material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the weight ratio of tourmaline is 30 to 60 parts. Patent No. CN 112482022 A discloses a preparation method of far-infrared health-care textiles, wherein tourmaline powder is obtained and utilized by wet grinding, and the weight ratio is 2 to 4 parts. Patent No. CN116639953 A discloses a nano-functional ceramic material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the weight ratio of tourmaline is 4 to 7 parts. The functional materials mentioned above all show good far-infrared emission performance.

[0004] However, most of the existing technologies for applying tourmaline focus on compounding pure tourmaline minerals with organic or inorganic components to develop different types of tourmaline mineral functional materials. Under the new situation of promoting high-quality social development, comprehensively improving the utilization rate of mineral resources is an urgent and arduous task given to us by the times. In fact, expanding the comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources is one of the important ways to accomplish the task. Under the conditions of existing sorting processes and processing equipment, tourmaline minerals will eventually produce a large amount of tourmaline tailings powder while producing tourmaline concentrate through processes such as crushing, ball milling, ultrafine grinding, magnetic separation and deep processing. These powders not only have fine particle size, but also have a more uniform distribution of minerals. There are also some tourmalines and usable associated minerals. It is a relatively complex complex with limited far-infrared capabilities. How to effectively utilize these discarded tourmaline tailings powders is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing functional ceramic materials using tourmaline tailings. For the first time, functional ceramic materials are prepared using tourmaline tailings without adding pure tourmaline minerals, which not only obtains functional ceramic materials with excellent performance and improves the utilization rate of tourmaline mineral resources, but also has the advantages of simple process, wide source of raw materials, resource saving, low cost, easy promotion, etc.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a functional ceramic material using tourmaline tailings, the method comprising the steps of mixing, molding, and sintering, and the specific process of the method is:

[0008] (a) Mixing: mixing tourmaline tailing powder and glass powder in a certain mass ratio, and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a speed of 800 to 1200 r / min for 20 to 60 min to obtain a mixture, wherein the mass percentage of the glass powder in the mixture is 0 to 50%;

[0009] (b) molding: placing the mixture obtained in step (a) in a rigid mold and dry-pressing it with a tablet press to obtain an original block;

[0010] (c) sintering: placing the original block obtained in step (b) in a muffle furnace for heating and sintering, wherein the sintering system comprises three stages: heating, heat preservation and cooling, to obtain a functional ceramic material;

[0011] In the sintering system, the heating rate is 5-15°C / min, the holding temperature is 800-1000°C, the holding time is 0.5-1.5h, and the cooling method is furnace cooling.

[0012] Furthermore, the tourmaline tailings powder is obtained by existing industrial sorting technology, and its mineral composition mainly includes black tourmaline, quartz and feldspar minerals, etc. The black tourmaline content is 5-20%, the water content is less than 10%, and the particle size range is 5-50μm.

[0013] Furthermore, the main components of the tourmaline tailings powder are as follows: SiO 2 50-55%; Al 2 O 3 18-22%; Fe 2 O 3 16-18%; MgO 3-4%; CaO 3-3.5%; Na 2 O 2.0-2.4%; TiO 2 0.9-1.0%; K 2 O 0.35-0.4%.

[0014] Furthermore, the main components of the tourmaline tailings powder are as follows: SiO 2 52.2%;Al 2 O 3 19.5%;Fe 2 O 3 17.0%; MgO 3.66%; CaO 3.30%; Na 2 O 2.28%; TiO 2 0.913%; K 2 O0.380%.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat preservation time is 900° C., and the average far-infrared emissivity is above 0.989.

[0016] Furthermore, the functional ceramic material obtained in step (c) is a bulk material, which can be directly used as a product, namely a functional ceramic bulk material; or the functional ceramic bulk material can be further subjected to a grinding operation, where the functional ceramic powder material is obtained by crushing and grinding the functional ceramic bulk material as a product.

[0017] In the second aspect, the present invention also protects the functional ceramic material obtained by the method, the main phases of which include hematite, quartz and albite, etc., and exhibit a relatively high far-infrared emissivity (8 to 14 μm) at room temperature, and the average far-infrared emissivity is above 0.95.

[0018] Furthermore, the average far-infrared emissivity of the functional ceramic material is greater than 0.989.

[0019] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the sintering system used is: heating from room temperature to a target temperature of 900° C. at a heating rate of 10° C. / min, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and then cooling with the furnace.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention may include at least one of the following:

[0021] (1) The present invention successfully produces a functional ceramic material without adding pure tourmaline, so that it can exhibit a higher far-infrared emissivity and excellent performance while having the relevant properties of the ceramic material.

[0022] (2) The present invention efficiently utilizes part of the unselected tourmaline minerals and associated minerals contained in the tourmaline tailings. At a relatively low sintering temperature, the associated minerals and black tourmaline components work synergistically and are internally reformed, so that the product can exhibit excellent far-infrared emission performance, thereby reducing the production cost of functional ceramic materials with far-infrared emission performance, and further improving the utilization rate of tourmaline mineral resources, turning waste into treasure, and being conducive to dealing with the accumulation problem of tourmaline tailings that have not been disposed of in time, reducing the cost of managing tourmaline tailings, and reducing the pollution and hazards that may be caused.

[0023] (3) The tourmaline tailings powder used in the present invention has a wide range of sources and a fine particle size, and the crushing and grinding processes can be omitted in the preparation process. It has the advantages of simple process, environmental friendliness, and resource conservation, effectively reducing the preparation cost of functional ceramic materials and having good economic benefits.

[0024] (4) In summary, the present invention directly sintered the tourmaline tailings with black tourmaline as the main mineral composition at low temperature to prepare a functional ceramic material with high far-infrared emissivity. In addition, some low-melting-point sintering aids can be added to further reduce the sintering temperature and realize large-scale utilization of the tourmaline tailings. This is of great significance for dealing with the problem of tourmaline tailings accumulation, effectively reducing the preparation cost of functional ceramic materials and the management cost of tourmaline tailings, exploring new ways to efficiently utilize tourmaline tailings, and improving the utilization rate of tourmaline mineral resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is the X-ray diffraction pattern of the raw material tourmaline tailings selected in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is an appearance diagram of the sample provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a microscopic morphology of the sample provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is the X-ray diffraction pattern of the sample provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is the emissivity diagram of the sample in the far-infrared band provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in combination with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are limited to explaining the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention shall include all the contents of the claims, not limited to the present embodiments. Through the following embodiments, those skilled in the art can fully realize all the contents recorded in the claims of the present invention.

[0031] The method for preparing functional ceramic materials by using tourmaline tailings of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0032] (a) Mixing: mixing tourmaline tailings powder and glass powder in a certain mass ratio, and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a speed of 800 to 1200 r / min for 20 to 60 min to obtain a mixed material;

[0033] (b) molding: placing the mixture obtained in step (a) in a rigid mold and dry-pressing it at a certain pressure (10 to 30 MPa) using a tablet press to obtain an original block;

[0034] (c) sintering: placing the original block obtained in step (b) in a muffle furnace for heating and sintering, wherein the sintering system comprises three stages of heating, heat preservation and cooling, to obtain a functional ceramic block material;

[0035] In the sintering system, the heating rate is 5-15°C / min, the holding temperature is 800-1000°C, the holding time is 0.5-1.5h, and the cooling method is furnace cooling;

[0036] (d) Grinding: The functional ceramic block material obtained in step (c) is slightly crushed and ground to obtain a functional ceramic powder material.

[0037] The tourmaline tailings powder of the present invention is obtained by existing industrial sorting technology, and its mineral composition mainly includes black tourmaline, quartz and feldspar minerals, etc. The black tourmaline content is 5-20%, the water content is less than 10%, and the particle size range is 5-50μm.

[0038] The mass percentage of the glass powder added in step (a) of the present invention is 0-50%, including no addition of low melting point minerals, etc., and step (a) is skipped to directly use tourmaline tailings to prepare functional ceramic materials.

[0039] The block sintered in step (c) can be directly used to obtain a product, namely a functional ceramic block material, without going through step (d).

[0040] The functional ceramic material mainly comprises hematite, quartz, albite and the like, and exhibits a relatively high far-infrared emissivity (8-14 μm) at room temperature, with an average far-infrared emissivity of more than 0.95, and preferably with an average far-infrared emissivity of more than 0.989.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] The method for preparing functional ceramic materials using tourmaline tailings in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0043] (a) Sampling: Weigh 2.55 g of tourmaline tailings;

[0044] (b) Molding: The raw material weighed in step (a) is placed in a rigid mold and dry-pressed by a tablet press at a pressure of 20 MPa for 1 min to obtain an original block;

[0045] (c) sintering: placing the original block obtained in step (b) in a muffle furnace for heating and sintering, the sintering system is: heating rate 10°C / min, holding temperature 900°C and holding time 1h, cooling with the furnace to obtain a functional ceramic block material;

[0046] (d) Grinding: The functional ceramic block material obtained in step (c) is slightly crushed and ground to obtain a functional ceramic powder material.

[0047] The main phases of the tourmaline tailings used in Example 1 include black tourmaline, quartz and albite. Figure 1 As shown, the following Table 1 is the composition of the tourmaline tailings used in Example 1.

[0048] Table 1 Composition of tourmaline tailings used in Example 1 (wt.%)

[0049]

[0050] The appearance diagram of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the material exhibits a darker red color.

[0051] The microscopic morphology of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the functional material has a rough surface, a loose structure, and contains a large number of holes and amorphous substances.

[0052] The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product obtained in this example is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the main phases of the functional material include hematite, quartz and albite. The preparation process mainly manifests itself as a phase change of black tourmaline to generate a new hematite phase. In addition, the main diffraction peaks of quartz and albite also change during the preparation process, indicating that they have a synergistic effect with the black tourmaline phase during the preparation process.

[0053] The far infrared band emissivity diagram of the product obtained in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the functional material exhibits excellent far-infrared emission performance, the infrared emissivity fluctuates in the range of 0.986 to 0.993, and the average far-infrared emissivity is as high as 0.989.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The raw materials used in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that the sintering system is: heating rate 10°C / min, holding temperature 1000°C and holding time 1h, followed by furnace cooling to obtain a functional ceramic block material; and then grinding to obtain a functional ceramic powder material.

[0056] The functional material obtained in this example exhibits excellent far-infrared emission performance, with an average far-infrared emissivity as high as 0.979.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] The raw materials used in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that the sintering system is: heating rate 10°C / min, holding temperature 850°C and holding time 1h, followed by furnace cooling to obtain a functional ceramic block material; and then grinding to obtain a functional ceramic powder material.

[0059] The environmentally friendly functional material obtained in this embodiment exhibits good far-infrared emission performance, and the average far-infrared emissivity is as high as 0.953.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] (a) Mixing: Weigh 20 g of tourmaline tailings powder and 20 g of glass powder in a ball mill, and mix them at a speed of 1000 r / min for 30 min to obtain a mixture for use, and weigh 2.51 g of the mixture;

[0062] (b) molding: placing the mixed material weighed in step (a) in a rigid mold and dry-pressing it using a tablet press to obtain an original block;

[0063] (c) sintering: placing the original block obtained in step (b) in a muffle furnace for heating and sintering, the sintering system is designed as follows: heating rate 10°C / min, holding temperature 800°C and holding time 1h, cooling with the furnace to obtain a functional ceramic block material;

[0064] (d) Grinding: The functional ceramic block material obtained in step (c) is slightly crushed and ground to obtain a functional ceramic powder material.

[0065] The functional material obtained in this example exhibits good far-infrared emission performance, and the average far-infrared emissivity is as high as 0.965.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] The raw materials used in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 1, except that the sintering system of this comparative example is: heating rate 10°C / min, holding temperature 1100°C and holding time 1h, followed by furnace cooling.

[0068] After testing, the average far-infrared emissivity of this comparative example is 0.857, which is much lower than the infrared emissivity level of Example 1.

[0069] The above descriptions are only some specific implementation methods of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person familiar with the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing functional ceramic materials using tourmaline tailings, the method comprising mixing, molding, and sintering steps, characterized in that: The specific process of the method is: (a) Mixing: mixing tourmaline tailing powder and glass powder in a certain mass ratio, and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a speed of 800 to 1200 r / min for 20 to 60 min to obtain a mixture, wherein the mass percentage of the glass powder in the mixture is 0 to 50%; (b) molding: placing the mixture obtained in step (a) in a rigid mold and dry-pressing it with a tablet press to obtain an original block; (c) sintering: placing the original block obtained in step (b) in a muffle furnace for heating and sintering, wherein the sintering system comprises three stages: heating, heat preservation and cooling, to obtain a functional ceramic material; In the sintering system, the heating rate is 5-15°C / min, the holding temperature is 800-1000°C, the holding time is 0.5-1.5h, and the cooling method is furnace cooling.

2. The method for preparing functional ceramic materials using tourmaline tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tourmaline tailings powder is obtained through existing industrial sorting technology, and its mineral composition mainly includes black tourmaline, quartz and feldspar minerals, the black tourmaline content is 5-20%, the water content is lower than 10%, and the particle size range is 5-50 μm.

3. The method for preparing functional ceramic materials using tourmaline tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main components of the tourmaline tailings powder are as follows in percentage by mass: SiO2 50-55%, Al2O3 18-22%, Fe2O3 16-18%, MgO 3-4%, CaO 3-3.5%, Na2O 2.0-2.4%, TiO2 0.9-1.0% and K2O 0.35-0.4%.

4. The method for preparing functional ceramic materials using tourmaline tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main components of the tourmaline tailings powder are as follows in percentage by mass: SiO2 52.2%, Al2O3 19.5%, Fe2O3 17.0%, MgO 3.66%, CaO 3.30%, Na2O 2.28%, TiO2 0.913% and K2O 0.380%.

5. The method for preparing functional ceramic materials using tourmaline tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat preservation time is 900° C., and the average far-infrared emissivity is above 0.

989.

6. The method for preparing functional ceramic materials using tourmaline tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional ceramic material obtained in the step (c) is a bulk material, which can be directly used as a product, namely a functional ceramic bulk material; or the functional ceramic bulk material can be further subjected to a grinding operation, where the functional ceramic powder material is obtained by crushing and grinding the functional ceramic bulk material as a product.

7. A functional ceramic material obtained by the method of claim 1, characterized in that: The functional ceramic material mainly comprises hematite, quartz and albite, and exhibits a relatively high far-infrared emissivity (8-14 μm) at room temperature, with an average far-infrared emissivity of more than 0.

95.

8. The functional ceramic material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The average far-infrared emissivity of the functional ceramic material is greater than 0.989.

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