Modified polyurethane foam material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and discloses a modified polyurethane foam material and a preparation method and application thereof, the modified polyurethane foam material contains a polyurethane matrix and nano rubber particles dispersed in the polyurethane matrix; on the basis of the total weight of the modified polyurethane foam material, the content of the nano rubber particles is 0.01-15 wt%. The modified polyurethane foam material not only has better sound absorption performance and material rebound resilience, but also is low in total volatile matter content, and meets the requirement of environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and in particular relates to a modified polyurethane foam material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sound-absorbing materials generally refer to materials with an average sound absorption coefficient greater than 0.2. With the rapid development of economy and technology, noise hazards have become another killer of human public health after air pollution. When it is impossible to control or reduce the noise decibel, the application of sound-absorbing, noise-reducing and sound-insulating materials in relevant places or equipment is a more effective solution. At present, the commonly used sound-absorbing materials are perforated or closed-cell inorganic metal materials, but the material has a high density and the construction process is relatively complicated. As a commonly used polymer material, polyurethane material has low cost, can be cured at room temperature, and is simple and convenient to operate. Actively developing the application of polyurethane foam in the fields of sound absorption, sound insulation and noise reduction has broad prospects and development space.

[0003] The full name of polyurethane is polyurethane (abbreviated as PU), which is a general term for macromolecular compounds containing repeated carbamate groups (NHCOO) on the main chain. It is formed by the addition polymerization of organic diisocyanates or polyisocyanates with dihydroxy or polyhydroxy compounds. The products include block materials, spray-coated products and molded products. The main characteristics of polyurethane foam plastics are porosity, so they have low specific gravity and high specific strength. They have many advantages such as simple processing and molding, light weight, wear resistance, and good oil resistance. In recent years, their applications have become more and more extensive. With the continuous improvement of people's quality of life and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the requirements for living environment have gradually increased. Various sound-absorbing materials are widely used in noise control, and people have also put forward higher requirements for their performance, from achieving single sound absorption performance to combining high sound absorption, decorative, economical and environmentally friendly performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a modified polyurethane foam material and a preparation method and application thereof. The modified polyurethane foam material not only has further improved sound absorption coefficient and total amount of volatile organic matter to meet environmental protection requirements, but also has further improved mechanical rebound performance of the material.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a modified polyurethane foam material, which comprises a polyurethane matrix and nano rubber particles dispersed in the polyurethane matrix;

[0006] Based on the total weight of the modified polyurethane foam material, the content of the nano rubber particles is 0.01-15wt%.

[0007] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the modified polyurethane foam material, which comprises: uniformly mixing and foaming polymer polyol, nano rubber particles, a catalyst, a foaming agent, an isocyanate and an optional foam stabilizer to obtain the modified polyurethane foam material.

[0008] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the modified polyurethane foam material in the field of sound absorption, sound insulation and noise reduction.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] The invention modifies the polyurethane foam material by dispersing nano rubber particles in the polyurethane foam material, and the modified polyurethane foam material not only has better sound absorption performance and material rebound performance, but also has a low total volatile content, thus meeting environmental protection requirements. The modification method of the invention has simple process, easy control of conditions and strong applicability.

[0011] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0013] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a modified polyurethane foam material, the modified polyurethane foam material comprising a polyurethane matrix and nano rubber particles dispersed in the polyurethane matrix;

[0014] Based on the total weight of the modified polyurethane foam material, the content of the nano rubber particles is 0.01-15wt%.

[0015] Preferably, based on the total weight of the modified polyurethane foam material, the content of the nano rubber particles is 0.01-5wt%.

[0016] The nano rubber particles of the present invention can be selected from at least one of ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered natural rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered butyl rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered chloroprene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered silicone rubber (such as VP-601), ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered nitrile rubber (such as VP-401), ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (such as VP-201), ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered carboxylated nitrile rubber (such as VP-501), ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered propylene-butadiene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered ethylene-propylene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered acrylate rubber (such as VP-301) and ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered styrene-butadiene rubber (such as VP-101).

[0017] In order to obtain better effect, polar nano rubber particles are preferably selected. Preferably, the nano rubber particles are ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered chloroprene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered nitrile rubber (such as VP-401), ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (such as VP-201), ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered carboxylated nitrile rubber (such as VP-501), and ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered acrylate rubber (such as VP-301).

[0018] In the present invention, the particle size of the nano rubber particles may be less than or equal to 2000 nm. To ensure that the polyurethane foam material has a better cell structure, the particle size of the nano rubber particles is preferably less than or equal to 500 nm, and the particle size of the nano rubber particles is preferably 0.5-300 nm.

[0019] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned modified polyurethane foam material, which comprises: uniformly mixing and foaming polymer polyol, nano rubber particles, a catalyst, a blowing agent, an isocyanate and an optional foam stabilizer to obtain a modified polyurethane foam material.

[0020] In the present invention, the raw materials and dosage of the polyurethane matrix are conventional technologies in the art. In the preparation of the modified polyurethane foam material, the dosage of each raw material may include: based on 100 parts by weight of the polymerized polyol, the dosage of the nano rubber particles is 0.01 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight; the dosage of the catalyst is 0.01 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight; the dosage of the foaming agent is 0.01 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 50 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by weight; the dosage of the foam stabilizer is 0 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight; the molar ratio of the isocyanate to the hydroxyl group in the polymerized polyol is 1:0.8 to 1.2.

[0021] According to the present invention, the polymer polyol can be selected from at least one of polyether polyol, polyester polyol and polymer polyol. The polymer polyol can be compounded by at least one of polyol, diol and small molecule alcohol. Preferably, the molecular weight of the polymer polyol is 100 to 100000.

[0022] In the present invention, the catalyst may be an organic tertiary amine catalyst and / or an organic metal salt catalyst. The organic tertiary amine catalyst may be triethylenediamine and / or triethanolamine, and the organic metal salt catalyst may be stannous octoate.

[0023] There is no special requirement for the selection of the blowing agent in the present invention. Physical blowing agents and / or chemical blowing agents may be used. Preferably, the blowing agent is selected from at least one of water, aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, fluorochlorocarbons and carbon dioxide.

[0024] According to the present invention, the foam stabilizer can be an organosilicon surfactant and / or a nonionic surfactant. The main structure of the organosilicon surfactant is a polysiloxane-oxyalkylene block copolymer. The nonionic surfactant is preferably Tween-80 and / or Tween-60.

[0025] In the present invention, the isocyanate is at least one of monoisocyanate (R-N=C=O), diisocyanate (O=C=N-R-N=C=O) and polyisocyanate, or is prepared by compounding or modifying at least one of monoisocyanate, diisocyanate and polyisocyanate.

[0026] The preparation methods involved in the present invention are all carried out at a suitable temperature for the polymerized polyol to dissolve and disperse various additives and react with raw materials such as isocyanate. The specific temperature conditions can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to the molecular structure of the polymerized polyol and the type of isocyanate.

[0027] According to a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an application of the above-mentioned modified polyurethane foam material in the field of sound absorption, sound insulation and noise reduction.

[0028] The substances and parameters not limited in the present invention can be selected according to the prior art and belong to the conventional technical means in the field. Unless otherwise specified, the operations and processing methods involved in the present invention belong to the conventional methods in the field, the instruments used are conventional instruments in the field, and the raw materials used are commercially available.

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the following examples, but is not limited to these examples.

[0030] In the following examples and comparative examples, the raw materials and sources used, as well as the determination methods of the relevant data are as follows:

[0031] Polymer polyol: polyether polyol, Sinopec Tianjin Branch, brand / model: 330N.

[0032] Nano rubber particles A: Sinopec, VP-401, particle size 100 nm.

[0033] Nano rubber particles B: Sinopec, VP-301, particle size 120 nm.

[0034] Nano rubber particles C: Sinopec, VP-601, particle size 130 nm.

[0035] Nano rubber particles D: Sinopec, VP-101, particle size 100 nm.

[0036] Catalyst: Stannous octoate, Xindian Chemical Materials Co., Ltd.

[0037] Foam stabilizer: Suzhou Side New Material Technology Co., Ltd., SD-501.

[0038] 141B foaming agent: Shanghai Caoshi Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0039] Isocyanate: polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, Yantai Wanhua Polyurethane Co., Ltd., PM-200.

[0040] 1. Rebound performance determination: Determined in accordance with the national standard GB / T 6670-2008.

[0041] 2. Determination of average sound absorption coefficient: Determined in accordance with national standard GB / T18696.2-2002.

[0042] 3. Determination of total volatile organic compound: TVOC is determined according to the standard VDA277 of the German Association of the Automotive Industry.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] 100 parts by weight of polyether polyol 330N, 0.4 parts by weight of nano rubber particles A, 2 parts by weight of catalyst stannous octoate, 3.2 parts by weight of water (foaming agent), isocyanate PM-200 and 1 part by weight of foam stabilizer SD-501 were mixed and quickly and fully stirred and foamed, wherein the molar ratio of isocyanate to hydroxyl group in polyether polyol was 1:1, to obtain a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] 100 parts by weight of polyether polyol 330N, 0.8 parts by weight of nano rubber particles A, 2 parts by weight of catalyst stannous octoate, 3.2 parts by weight of water (foaming agent), isocyanate PM-200 and 1 part by weight of foam stabilizer SD-501 were mixed and quickly and fully stirred and foamed, wherein the molar ratio of isocyanate to hydroxyl group in polyether polyol was 1:1, to obtain a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] 100 parts by weight of polyether polyol 330N, 0.6 parts by weight of nano rubber particles A, 2 parts by weight of catalyst stannous octoate, 10 parts by weight of 141B (foaming agent), isocyanate PM-200 and 1 part by weight of foam stabilizer SD-501 were mixed and quickly and fully stirred and foamed, wherein the molar ratio of isocyanate to hydroxyl group in polyether polyol was 1:1, to obtain a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] 100 parts by weight of polyether polyol 330N, 0.1 parts by weight of nano rubber particles A, 2 parts by weight of catalyst stannous octoate, 3.2 parts by weight of water (foaming agent), isocyanate PM-200 and 1 part by weight of foam stabilizer SD-501 were mixed and quickly and fully stirred and foamed, wherein the molar ratio of isocyanate to hydroxyl group in polyether polyol was 1:1, to obtain a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] 100 parts by weight of polyether polyol 330N, 5 parts by weight of nano rubber particles A, 2 parts by weight of catalyst stannous octoate, 3.2 parts by weight of water (foaming agent), isocyanate PM-200 and 1 part by weight of foam stabilizer SD-501 were mixed and quickly and fully stirred and foamed, wherein the molar ratio of isocyanate to hydroxyl group in polyether polyol was 1:1, to obtain a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Example 6

[0054] Same as Example 2, except that nano rubber particles B are used instead of nano rubber particles A to prepare a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Example 7

[0056] Same as Example 2, except that nano rubber particles C are used instead of nano rubber particles A to prepare a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Example 8

[0058] Same as Example 2, except that nano rubber particles D are used instead of nano rubber particles A to prepare a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] 100 parts by weight of polyether polyol 330N, 2 parts by weight of catalyst stannous octoate, 3.2 parts by weight of water (foaming agent), isocyanate PM-200 and 1 part by weight of foam stabilizer SD-501 were mixed and quickly and fully stirred and foamed, wherein the molar ratio of isocyanate to hydroxyl group in polyether polyol was 1:1, to obtain a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] 100 parts by weight of polyether polyol 330N, 2 parts by weight of catalyst stannous octoate, 10 parts by weight of 141B (foaming agent), isocyanate PM-200 and 1 part by weight of foam stabilizer SD-501 were mixed and quickly and fully stirred and foamed, wherein the molar ratio of isocyanate to hydroxyl group in polyether polyol was 1:1, to obtain a modified polyurethane foam material, the properties of which are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1

[0064]

[0065] It can be seen from Table 1 that the polyurethane foam material using nano rubber particles in the present invention has better sound absorption performance and material rebound performance, and has a low total volatile content, meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0066] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A modified polyurethane foam material, characterized in that: The modified polyurethane foam material contains a polyurethane matrix and nano rubber particles dispersed in the polyurethane matrix; Based on the total weight of the modified polyurethane foam material, the content of the nano rubber particles is 0.01-15wt%, preferably 0.01-5wt%.

2. The modified polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, wherein The nano rubber particles are selected from at least one of ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered natural rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered butyl rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered chloroprene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered silicone rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered nitrile rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered carboxylated nitrile rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered propylene-butadiene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered ethylene-propylene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered acrylic rubber and ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered styrene-butadiene rubber; Preferably, the nano rubber particles are ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered chloroprene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered nitrile rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered carboxylated nitrile rubber, and ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered acrylate rubber.

3. The modified polyurethane foam material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The particle size of the nano rubber particles is less than or equal to 2000 nm, preferably less than or equal to 500 nm, and preferably 0.5-300 nm.

4. The method for preparing the modified polyurethane foam material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: uniformly mixing and foaming polymer polyol, nano rubber particles, a catalyst, a foaming agent, an isocyanate and an optional foam stabilizer to obtain a modified polyurethane foam material.

5. The method for preparing the modified polyurethane foam material according to claim 4, wherein: Based on 100 parts by weight of the polymerized polyol, the amount of the nano rubber particles is 0.01 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight; the amount of the catalyst is 0.01 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight; the amount of the foaming agent is 0.01 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 50 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by weight; the amount of the foam stabilizer is 0 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight; the molar ratio of the isocyanate to the hydroxyl group in the polymerized polyol is 1:0.8 to 1.

2.

6. The method for preparing the modified polyurethane foam material according to claim 4, wherein: The polymer polyol is selected from at least one of polyether polyol, polyester polyol and polymer polyol; the polymer polyol is compounded by at least one of polyol, diol and small molecule alcohol; preferably, the molecular weight of the polymer polyol is 100 to 100,000.

7. The method for preparing the modified polyurethane foam material according to claim 4, wherein: The catalyst is an organic tertiary amine catalyst and / or an organic metal salt catalyst; the organic tertiary amine catalyst is triethylenediamine and / or triethanolamine, and the organic metal salt catalyst is stannous octoate.

8. The method for preparing the modified polyurethane foam material according to claim 4, wherein: The foaming agent is selected from at least one of water, aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, fluorochlorocarbons and carbon dioxide; The foam stabilizer is an organic silicon surfactant and / or a nonionic surfactant; the main structure of the organic silicon surfactant is a polysiloxane-oxidized olefin block copolymer; and the nonionic surfactant is Tween-80 and / or Tween-60.

9. The method for preparing the modified polyurethane foam material according to claim 4, wherein: The isocyanate is at least one of monoisocyanate, diisocyanate and polyisocyanate, or is prepared by compounding or modifying at least one of monoisocyanate, diisocyanate and polyisocyanate.

10. Use of the modified polyurethane foam material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the field of sound absorption, sound insulation and noise reduction.

Images