Supporting wall type embankment slope protection structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a retaining wall type embankment slope protection structure and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of slope protection structures. The retaining wall type embankment slope protection structure comprises two retaining wall bottom plates which are independent and oppositely arranged, and the outer end of the upper end surface of each retaining wall bottom plate is fixedly provided with a retaining wall panel; a retaining wall side plate is fixedly arranged between the retaining wall bottom plate and the retaining wall panel; an anchor rod is arranged between the retaining wall bottom plate and the retaining wall panel; a drainage system is further arranged; and the retaining wall bottom plate and the retaining wall panel are filled with an embankment bed. Compared with the prior art, the retaining wall type embankment slope protection structure has the advantages that the angle of the retaining wall bottom plate and the panel is adjusted, the retaining wall structure is applied to the field of slope reinforcement, and the compressive strength, the shearing strength and the safety factor of the slope are increased. The construction method of the embankment slope protection structure is provided, and the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the embankment slope protection structure is built; secondly, the embankment is compacted layer by layer; and thirdly, the structure is poured in the places needing pouring. The method of layer-by-layer compaction is realized by means of a heavy load vehicle, a sheep foot roller and manual work, and the problem of construction difficulty of the designed structure is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road engineering technology, specifically to a buttress-type embankment slope protection structure and its construction method, which is particularly suitable for slope reinforcement under high load and extreme weather conditions. Background Technology

[0002] During railway operation, improper slope gradient, structural design, and drainage design of railway embankments can all lead to slope instability. To prevent railway embankment slope instability, it is necessary to strictly control the slope gradient during design and construction to ensure it matches the soil's mechanical properties, and to strengthen drainage measures, such as installing drainage ditches and intercepting ditches, to prevent water erosion and damage to the slope. Current slope protection structures have shortcomings in coping with extreme weather and high loads.

[0003] Currently widely used slope protection structures are aesthetically pleasing and can meet the compressive strength requirements of most road sections. However, in terms of natural disasters, embankment slope protection structures may be affected by extreme weather events such as torrential rains, floods, and mudslides, leading to damage or failure. Furthermore, with increasing traffic volume and vehicle loads, higher demands are being placed on the load-bearing capacity of slope protection structures. Some current slope protection structures have these shortcomings in design and construction, resulting in the risk of embankment slope collapse and instability under high loads and extreme weather conditions.

[0004] Traditional buttress retaining wall structures have limited applicability and poor aesthetics due to their construction, making them difficult to apply directly to highway or railway embankment slope protection. Therefore, this invention improves the buttress retaining wall by designing a buttress slope protection structure that increases the compressive and shear strength and safety factor of the slope. The invention also details its construction method, solving the problem of insufficient strength in existing slope protection structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (I) Technical Issues

[0006] This invention provides a buttress-type embankment slope protection structure and its construction method, aiming to increase the compressive and shear strength and safety factor of the slope, and solve the problem of insufficient strength of existing slope protection structures.

[0007] (II) Technical Content

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a buttress-type embankment slope protection structure, comprising two independent and oppositely arranged retaining wall base plates, the retaining wall base plates serving as structural foundations for bearing and distributing the upper load; retaining wall panels are fixedly provided at the outer ends of the upper surfaces of the retaining wall base plates to prevent soil sliding; the two retaining wall panels are arranged in a mirror image of each other; buttress side plates are fixedly provided connecting the retaining wall base plates and the retaining wall panels to disperse lateral earth pressure; the retaining wall base plates and the retaining wall... Anchor bolts are provided between the panels; a drainage system is also included, which includes a drainage ditch set on the outer side of the upper surface of the retaining wall base plate, a water-diverting groove set on the retaining wall panel, and drainage holes arranged alternately on the retaining wall panel. PVC pipes are inserted and fixed inside the drainage holes to guide and drain accumulated water; the retaining wall panel is inclined and the angle between it and the retaining wall base plate is designed according to the slope ratio of the embankment, ranging from 30° to 60°; an embankment subgrade is filled between the retaining wall base plate and the retaining wall panel.

[0009] Furthermore, the drainage holes are staggered on the retaining wall panel and located in the gaps of the water diversion groove, with a diameter of 5-10cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the embankment subgrade includes an embankment layer, a subgrade bottom layer, and a subgrade surface layer, which are filled sequentially from bottom to top.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention provides a construction method for a buttress embankment slope protection structure, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1. Geological exploration and site preparation: Clear surface obstacles, conduct surveying and setting out, and excavate the foundation pit;

[0013] S2. Foundation construction: Lay a crushed stone cushion layer and compact it, then pour a concrete cushion layer;

[0014] S3. Reinforcing steel work: Tying the reinforcing steel for the base slab, panel slab, and side slab of the retaining wall;

[0015] S4. Template installation and concrete pouring: Install the template and adjust the angle between the retaining wall panel and the retaining wall base plate, and pour the retaining wall base plate concrete in layers.

[0016] S5. Embankment construction: The embankment layer, the bottom layer of the subgrade, and the surface layer of the subgrade are constructed in layers. Each layer is compacted by a combination of heavy-duty trucks, sheep's foot rollers, and manual labor.

[0017] S6. Pouring the retaining wall panel and buttress side plate: After installing the anchor rods, pour the concrete and leave drainage holes;

[0018] S7. Curing and Acceptance: After curing the concrete to the required strength, inspect the structural quality.

[0019] (III) Technical Effects

[0020] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0021] By adjusting the angles of the base slab and panel of the buttress retaining wall, the buttress structure is applied to slope reinforcement, increasing the slope's compressive and shear strength and safety factor. A construction method for this embankment slope protection structure is proposed: first, the embankment slope protection structure is built; then, the subgrade is compacted in layers; and finally, the areas requiring concrete pouring are poured. Layered compaction utilizes a combination of heavy-duty trucks, sheep's foot rollers, and manual labor, solving the construction difficulties of the designed structure. This provides a reference for road safety, slope collapse prevention, and slope protection structure design. It includes a drainage system composed of water-diverting grooves, drainage holes, and drainage ditches, increasing the slope's compressive and shear strength and enhancing its resistance to extreme weather. This comprehensively addresses the problems of insufficient strength, easy cracking, and embankment slope instability under high loads and extreme rainfall conditions found in existing slope protection structures.

[0022] Compared to traditional slope protection structures and buttress retaining walls, the use of anchor bolts provides additional tensile strength, effectively preventing slippage and overturning under earth pressure and improving overall stability. The combination of water diversion channels, drainage ditches, and spillways allows for more efficient water guidance and discharge, reducing erosion and damage to the embankment. The design of the buttress side panels allows the structure to better adapt to different terrains and soil conditions. The angle between the panel and the base plate is designed according to the slope ratio of the embankment, enhancing the structure's versatility and flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the slope protection structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the staggered arrangement of the drainage holes of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a construction flowchart of the present invention.

[0027] As shown in the figure: 1. Retaining wall base plate; 2. Retaining wall panel; 3. Anchor bolt; 4. Buttress side plate; 5. Drainage ditch; 6. Water diversion groove; 7. Ground surface; 8. Embankment layer; 9. Subgrade bottom layer; 10. Subgrade surface layer; 11. Crushed stone cushion layer; 12. PVC pipe; 13. Drainage hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "center", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation structure and operation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "provided with," "installed," "connected," "linked," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Combined with appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 A buttress-type embankment slope protection structure includes two independent and oppositely arranged retaining wall base plates 1, which serve as the structural foundation for bearing and distributing the upper load. Retaining wall panels 2 are fixed to the outer ends of the upper surfaces of each retaining wall base plate 1 to prevent soil sliding. The two retaining wall panels 2 are arranged in a mirror image of each other. Buttress side plates 4 are fixedly connected to the retaining wall base plates 1 and retaining wall panels 2 to disperse lateral earth pressure. Anchor bolts 3 connect the retaining wall base plates 1 and retaining wall panels 2. The system includes a drainage system comprising a drainage ditch 5 located on the outer side of the upper surface of the retaining wall base plate 1, a water-guiding groove 6 located on the retaining wall panel 2, and drainage holes 13 staggered on the retaining wall panel 2. PVC pipes 13 are inserted and fixed inside the drainage holes 13 for guiding and draining accumulated water. The retaining wall panel 2 is inclined, and the angle between it and the retaining wall base plate 1 is designed according to the slope ratio of the embankment, ranging from 30° to 60°. An embankment subgrade is filled between the retaining wall base plate 1 and the retaining wall panel 2.

[0032] The drainage holes 13 are staggered on the retaining wall panel 2 and located in the gaps of the water diversion grooves 6, with a diameter of 5-10 cm. The embankment subgrade includes an embankment layer 8, a subgrade bottom layer 9, and a subgrade surface layer 10, which are filled sequentially from bottom to top.

[0033] Another aspect of the present invention provides a construction method for a buttress embankment slope protection structure, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1. Geological exploration and site preparation: Clear surface obstacles, conduct surveying and setting out, and excavate the foundation pit;

[0035] S2. Foundation construction: Lay a crushed stone cushion layer and compact it, then pour a concrete cushion layer;

[0036] S3. Reinforcement work: Binding the reinforcement of the retaining wall base slab 1, retaining wall panel 2 and buttress side slab 4;

[0037] S4. Template installation and concrete pouring: Install the template and adjust the angle between the retaining wall panel 2 and the retaining wall base plate 1, and pour the concrete of the retaining wall base plate 1 in layers.

[0038] S5. Embankment filling: The embankment layer 8, the bottom layer of the subgrade 9, and the top layer of the subgrade 10 are filled in layers. Each layer is compacted by a combination of heavy-duty trucks, sheep's foot rollers and manual labor.

[0039] S6. Pouring the retaining wall panel 2 and buttress side panel 4: After installing the anchor rods 3, pour concrete and reserve drainage holes 13.

[0040] S7. Curing and Acceptance: After curing the concrete to the required strength, inspect the structural quality.

[0041] The specific construction steps of this invention are described in detail below:

[0042] Structural Introduction:

[0043] Figure 1 An embankment slope protection structure is shown, comprising the following key components:

[0044] Retaining wall base plate 1: As the foundation of the entire structure, it bears and distributes the weight of the superstructure, ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0045] Retaining wall panel 2: Located at both ends of the structure, it is in direct contact with the soil and serves to prevent soil sliding and collapse.

[0046] Anchor 3: Connects the base plate 1 and the panel 2 of the retaining wall, providing additional tension to enhance the overall stability and anti-slip capability of the structure.

[0047] Buttress side plate 4: It is connected to the retaining wall base plate 1 and the retaining wall panel 2, and plays a supporting and reinforcing role to prevent deformation caused by lateral earth pressure.

[0048] Drainage ditch 5: Used to collect and guide water flow to prevent water accumulation from damaging the embankment.

[0049] Water-guiding groove 6: On the one hand, it guides rainwater or other water sources to the drainage ditch to ensure that the water can be discharged smoothly; on the other hand, it enhances the aesthetics of the structure.

[0050] Construction Process: The entire construction process begins with geological exploration and site preparation, encompassing foundation subbase construction, reinforcement engineering, formwork installation and concrete pouring, embankment filling, detail finishing, and maintenance and acceptance. It is a systematic and coherent process that ensures the stability and durability of the embankment slope protection structure. The detailed steps are as follows:

[0051] S1. In the initial stage of construction, a comprehensive geological survey of the construction site is conducted to understand the properties and distribution of the underground soil layers. Simultaneously, surface clearing work is carried out to remove obstacles such as weeds and trees, creating favorable conditions for subsequent construction. Next, surveying and setting out are conducted to accurately determine the boundaries of the construction area and the location of key points. Finally, excavation work is carried out, digging foundation pits or trenches according to design requirements to prepare for subsequent foundation construction.

[0052] S2. In the foundation cushion layer construction stage, the crushed stone cushion layer is constructed first. Crushed stone of a certain size is evenly laid at the bottom of the foundation pit, and then compacted using appropriate compaction machinery to ensure the density and flatness of the crushed stone cushion layer. Next, the concrete cushion layer is constructed, also poured in layers and vibrated to ensure the bearing capacity and stability of the cushion layer, providing a solid foundation for subsequent structural construction.

[0053] S3. During the reinforcement engineering stage, the wall panel reinforcement and the reinforcement of the pre-embedded wall panel and buttress are accurately tied according to the requirements of the design drawings. This ensures that the specifications, quantity, spacing and position of the reinforcement meet the design requirements. This is a key step to ensure the integrity and strength of the structure.

[0054] S4. Install the retaining wall base plate 1, retaining wall panel 2, and buttress side plate formwork, according to... Figure 1 The angle between the retaining wall base plate 1 and the retaining wall panel 2, as well as the shape (trapezoidal) of the buttress side plates, are adjusted as shown. Then, the thick retaining wall base plate 1 concrete is poured, using layered pouring and vibration to ensure the concrete's density and uniformity. Simultaneously, attention is paid to concrete curing to prevent early cracking. Earthwork construction proceeds after the retaining wall base plate 1 has been poured and cured.

[0055] S5. Entering the embankment filling stage, a layered filling method is adopted, consisting of embankment layer 8, subgrade bottom layer 9, and subgrade surface layer 10. Unlike traditional construction, the buttress side panels and face panels are not poured during the layered filling and compaction of this structure. Heavy-duty trucks cannot be directly used for compaction at the angle between the face panel and the bottom slab. Therefore, a combination of heavy-duty trucks, sheep's foot rollers, and manual labor is required for compaction to ensure that each layer of fill reaches the design required density, thereby guaranteeing the stability and bearing capacity of the embankment.

[0056] S6. During construction, ensure proper drainage holes are reserved, staggered every 2-3 meters, to guarantee unobstructed drainage within the structure and prevent water accumulation from damaging it. The retaining wall panel 2 needs to have drainage grooves 6 drawn to guide rainfall into the drainage ditch 5 and to enhance the aesthetics of the retaining wall panel 2. Then, pour concrete for the retaining wall panel 2 and the buttress side panels 4. Drill holes at the reserved drainage holes 13 and install PVC pipes 12 to drain accumulated water from the slope, reducing pore water pressure and preventing slope instability due to excessive water pressure. Simultaneously, install anchor bolts, drilling holes at the designed positions and angles to ensure a tight bond between the concrete and the anchor bolts, enhancing the overall stability of the structure. Finally, lay a crushed stone cushion layer 11 on the surface of the subgrade surface layer 10 (this crushed stone cushion layer 11 is made of the same material as the crushed stone cushion layer mentioned above used in the foundation pit). The resulting embankment slope cross-section is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0057] S7. After the entire construction process is completed, the completed structure shall be cured for a certain period of time to ensure the strength and durability of the concrete. After the curing work is completed, a comprehensive acceptance inspection shall be carried out on the completed embankment slope protection structure in accordance with relevant specifications and standards, checking whether the appearance, dimensions, concrete strength and other indicators of the structure meet the design requirements, and ensuring that the project quality meets the standards.

[0058] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retaining wall structure for supporting embankment, comprising two retaining wall base plates (1) arranged independently and oppositely, the retaining wall base plates (1) serving as the foundation of the structure for bearing and distributing the upper load, characterized in that: the outer end of the upper end surface of each of the retaining wall base plates (1) is fixedly provided with a retaining wall panel (2) for blocking the sliding of the soil, and the two retaining wall panels (2) are arranged as mirror images; a buttress side plate (4) is fixedly provided between the retaining wall base plate (1) and the retaining wall panel (2) for dispersing the lateral earth pressure; and an anchor rod (3) is arranged between the retaining wall base plate (1) and the retaining wall panel (2); a drainage system is further included, which comprises a drainage channel (5) arranged on the outer side of the upper end surface of the retaining wall base plate (1), a water guide groove (6) arranged on the retaining wall panel (2), and a water discharge hole (13) arranged on the retaining wall panel (2) in a staggered manner, and a PVC pipe (12) is fixedly inserted into the water discharge hole (13) for guiding and discharging the accumulated water; the retaining wall panel (2) is arranged obliquely and the included angle between the retaining wall panel (2) and the retaining wall base plate (1) is designed according to the slope ratio of the embankment, and the range is 30°-60°; the retaining wall base plate (1) and the retaining wall panel (2) are filled with an embankment bed therebetween. The water discharge holes (13) are arranged on the retaining wall panel (2) in a staggered manner and located in the gap of the water guide groove (6), and the hole diameter is 5-10 cm.

2. The buttressed embankment structure according to claim 1, wherein The embankment bed comprises an embankment layer (8), a base bed bottom layer (9) and a base bed surface layer (10) filled in sequence from bottom to top.

3. The buttressed embankment structure according to claim 1, wherein The method comprises the following steps:

4. The construction method of the buttressed embankment slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, S1, geological exploration and site preparation: removing surface obstacles, measuring and laying out, and excavating the foundation pit; S2, foundation construction: laying and compacting the gravel cushion, and pouring the concrete cushion; S3, steel engineering: binding the steel bars of the retaining wall base plate (1), the retaining wall panel (2) and the buttress side plate (4); S4, template installation and concrete pouring: installing the template, adjusting the included angle between the retaining wall panel (2) and the retaining wall base plate (1), and pouring the concrete of the retaining wall base plate (1) in layers; S5, embankment filling: filling the embankment layer (8), the base bed bottom layer (9) and the base bed surface layer (10) in layers, and compacting each layer by using a heavy load vehicle, a sheep foot roller and manual work in combination; S6, pouring the retaining wall panel (2) and the buttress side plate (4): pouring the concrete after installing the anchor rod (3), and reserving the water discharge hole (13); S7, maintenance and acceptance: maintaining the concrete until the strength reaches the standard, and then accepting the quality of the structure. ​

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