3D printing gradient strength slope protection device and protection method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of civil engineering and slope protection, specifically to a 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device. The device includes a 3D-printed prefabricated plate made of different materials. The prefabricated plate has grooves, and a locking component is installed within these grooves. The locking component includes a housing with circular holes at the bottom and top. A rotating shaft rotatably engages within these holes, and a locking tongue with a C-shaped structure is connected to the rotating shaft. A monitoring component is installed on the locking tongue, connected to a control module, which in turn is connected to a reaction component. A wedge is connected to one end of the locking tongue, and a limit component is installed on one side of the housing. The limit component includes a rod that penetrates the housing and has a limit groove connected to it. The locking tongue slides within the limit groove. This invention utilizes the flexibility and precision of 3D printing technology to customize prefabricated plates of different strengths according to the natural conditions of different areas of the slope, and achieves stable connection and flexible adjustment between modules through the quick assembly and disassembly of the locking component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of civil engineering and slope protection, specifically to a 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device and its protection method. Background Technology

[0002] In slope protection engineering, traditional methods often rely on masonry, concrete pouring, or the installation of precast components to construct protective structures. However, these methods have revealed a series of technical problems and limitations in practical applications. First, the natural conditions of slopes are complex and varied, with significant differences in soil strength, slope gradient, moisture conditions, and climate in different regions. Traditional protection devices often use materials or structures of uniform strength, making it difficult to provide precise and effective protection based on the specific conditions of the slope. This results in insufficient protection in some areas and material surplus in others, leading to resource waste.

[0003] Secondly, traditional slope protection construction typically requires a significant investment of manpower and resources, especially in complex terrain and inaccessible areas, which significantly increases the difficulty and cost of construction. This not only prolongs the construction period but also increases the safety risks during the construction process.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional protective devices are mostly fixed structures, lacking flexibility and adjustability. As slope morphology, soil conditions, and climate factors change, these fixed structures may fail to effectively meet new protection needs, resulting in limited protective effects. At the same time, when repairs or replacements are needed, fixed structures are often difficult to disassemble and reinstall quickly, increasing maintenance costs and time.

[0005] While some improvements have been attempted in existing technologies to address the aforementioned problems, such as using more robust materials and designing more complex structures, these methods often fail to fundamentally solve the limitations of traditional slope protection devices. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of slope protection device and its protection method to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device and its protection method. Utilizing the flexibility and precision of 3D printing technology, prefabricated slab modules of different strengths are customized according to the natural conditions of different areas of the slope. Stable connections and flexible adjustments between modules are achieved through quick-assembly and disassembly locking components.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A 3D printed gradient strength slope protection device, comprising a 3D printer, the 3D printer being used to print 3D printed prefabricated plates according to the slope terrain to be protected, the 3D printed prefabricated plates being made of different materials, the 3D printed prefabricated plates having grooves, a locking component being installed in the grooves, the locking component comprising a housing, the housing being a hollow structure, the bottom and top of the housing having round holes, a rotating shaft being rotatably fitted in the round holes, a locking tongue being fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the locking tongue being a C-shaped structure, a monitoring component being installed on one side of the locking tongue, the monitoring component being signal-connected to a control module, the monitoring component including a pressure sensor, the control module being signal-connected to a reaction component, a wedge being fixedly connected to the end of the locking tongue away from the rotating shaft, and a limit component being installed on the side of the housing away from the rotating shaft;

[0008] The limiting component includes a rod that penetrates the housing and slides with the housing. A limiting groove is fixedly connected to the rod and is located inside the housing. The locking tongue slides with the inside of the limiting groove.

[0009] When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure value of the latch exceeds the threshold in the control module, it indicates that the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plate has fallen off. The control module then activates the reaction component to unlock the latches on the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plate.

[0010] The technical principle of the above solution is as follows: The locking tongue is connected to the housing via a rotating shaft and can rotate freely within the circular hole. This design allows the locking tongue to rotate around the rotating shaft when subjected to external force, thereby changing its position. The locking tongue is designed with a C-shaped structure, with a wedge fixedly connected to one end. When the locking tongue rotates to a specific angle, the wedge can naturally slide into the limiting groove, achieving the locking function. The C-shaped structure design increases the contact area between the locking tongue and the limiting groove, improving the stability of the lock. When the locking tongue rotates to the locked position, the wedge is locked by the limiting groove, thereby preventing the locking tongue from rotating in the opposite direction and achieving a stable locking state. At the same time, the spring on the insert rod provides a certain preload to the limiting groove, ensuring that the locking tongue is not easily dislodged from the limiting groove when subjected to external force. Through the synergistic action of components such as the locking tongue, rotating shaft, wedge, insert rod, and limiting groove, rapid connection and stable locking between prefabricated panels are achieved. This design not only simplifies the installation process but also improves the overall stability and durability of the protective device.

[0011] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. This solution combines modular design with quick-assembly and disassembly locking components, making the construction process more efficient and convenient. Even in complex terrain and hard-to-reach areas, construction can be completed through rapid assembly and disassembly of modules, greatly reducing the investment of manpower and resources, and lowering construction difficulty and costs.

[0013] 2. In this solution, the locking assembly design makes the connection between precast slabs more stable and reliable, effectively preventing the precast slabs from loosening or falling off due to external forces, thus improving the overall safety of the slope protection device. The quick-connect function of the locking assembly greatly simplifies the installation process of the precast slabs and improves construction efficiency. At the same time, the locking assembly is easy to operate and can be installed without complicated tools and equipment.

[0014] 3. Due to the flexibility of 3D printing technology, the prefabricated panels in this solution can be customized according to the specific conditions of the slope. The locking components also possess a degree of versatility, adapting to the connection requirements of prefabricated panels of different sizes and shapes. Therefore, this protective device exhibits strong adaptability and flexibility. The device allows for flexible adjustments based on the specific morphology of the slope, soil conditions, and potential future changes. When slope conditions change or require maintenance or replacement, operators can quickly and safely separate and release individual modules while maintaining the order and controllability of the entire system. This flexibility not only improves the adaptability of the protective device but also reduces maintenance costs and time.

[0015] 4. In this solution, the C-shaped structure of the locking assembly and the design of the limiting assembly ensure the stability of the connection between modules, maintaining the overall stability of the protection system even under harsh environmental conditions. Simultaneously, the quick-release structure also features an automatic adjustment function, capable of adjusting the release and locking states of the structure according to the soil conditions of the covered area, further enhancing the safety performance of the protective device.

[0016] 5. This solution integrates monitoring and response components to achieve real-time monitoring and intelligent response to the status of 3D printed prefabricated panels. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure value of the locking tongue exceeds the preset safety threshold, it means that an adjacent 3D printed prefabricated panel may have detached or loosened. The control module activates the response component based on the received abnormal signal. The response component can quickly respond to the control module's command, changing the locking tongue from the locked state to the unlocked state. This design not only reduces the risk of interference between adjacent prefabricated panels but also avoids a chain reaction caused by the detachment of a single prefabricated panel, thereby protecting the integrity and stability of the entire slope protection structure. Simultaneously, it greatly facilitates subsequent maintenance and replacement work, as workers can quickly locate the damaged prefabricated panel and repair or replace it without damaging the entire structure. Furthermore, a spring is fitted onto the insertion rod, with one end of the spring fixedly connected to the top wall inside the housing and the other end fixedly connected to the top of the limiting groove.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The spring provides a continuous preload to the locking groove, ensuring a more stable constraint on the wedge after it locks into the groove. This preload helps prevent the bolt from accidentally unlocking due to external vibration or impact, thus improving the overall stability and reliability of the lock. The addition of the spring also mitigates direct impact and wear between the bolt and the locking groove to some extent, extending the service life of the locking assembly. Furthermore, the spring's elastic properties help absorb some of the external impact energy, protecting the entire protective device from damage.

[0018] Furthermore, a pull ring is fixedly connected to the top of the insertion rod, a limit rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the insertion rod, and a groove matching the limit rod is provided on the top of the housing.

[0019] Beneficial Effects: The pull ring design allows users to more easily grasp and operate the insertion rod, whether inserting it during installation or pulling it out during unlocking, all by simply pulling the ring. This design reduces the direct contact area between the hand and the insertion rod, improving operational comfort and convenience. The matching design of the limiting rod and the groove on the top of the housing ensures that the insertion rod remains stable after being inserted into the housing, preventing it from easily falling off due to external forces. This design increases the connection strength between the insertion rod and the housing, improving the overall stability of the locking assembly. When unlocking or removing the precast panel is required, users can easily pull out the insertion rod by pulling the ring, thus releasing the locking state. This design avoids the safety risks that may arise from using tools or applying excessive force during unlocking operations, improving safety during construction.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a water pipe. Several water channels are opened at the bottom of the 3D printed prefabricated plate. The water channels are connected to the water pipe. The side wall of the water pipe is provided with a through groove. The 3D printed prefabricated plate slides into the through groove.

[0021] Beneficial Effects: Several water channels carved into the bottom of the 3D-printed precast slab effectively collect and guide accumulated water or rainwater on the slope. These channels are connected to water pipes, forming a highly efficient drainage system. When water accumulates on the slope and enters the channels, it flows along the channels into the water pipes and is then discharged from the slope area, effectively preventing water erosion and damage to the slope. By promptly removing accumulated water from the slope, the design of the water pipes and channels helps reduce the moisture content in the slope soil, lowering the soil's density and cohesion, thereby reducing the risk of landslides. This is of great significance for improving the overall stability and safety of the slope.

[0022] Furthermore, a through hole is provided at the bottom of the 3D printed prefabricated plate, and an anchor rod is threaded into the through hole. The anchor rod has a tapered structure, and a fixing component is installed in the through hole. The fixing component includes a connecting rod, which penetrates the 3D printed prefabricated plate and slides inside the 3D printed prefabricated plate. One end of the connecting rod penetrates the side wall of the through hole, and insertion holes matching the connecting rod are provided on both sides of the 3D printed prefabricated plate.

[0023] Beneficial effects: When the tapered anchor bolt is screwed into the through hole, its tapered design gradually increases the contact area between the anchor bolt and the precast slab, thereby enhancing the anchoring force. This design helps ensure the stability of the precast slab on the slope and prevents loosening or detachment due to external forces. The anchor bolt and through hole are connected by threads, making the installation process simpler and faster. Furthermore, if the position or depth of the anchor bolt needs to be adjusted, it can be easily achieved by rotating the anchor bolt, improving construction efficiency.

[0024] Once the anchor bolt is screwed into the through hole and secured, the connecting rod can be further connected to the precast slab to the slope soil or other fixed structures through the insertion hole. This dual-fixation method helps prevent displacement or tilting of the precast slab under external forces. The combined use of the anchor bolt and fixing components ensures that the 3D-printed precast slab is firmly fixed to the slope, improving the overall stability of the entire protective device. This helps prevent safety accidents such as slope landslides, ensuring the safety of people and property.

[0025] Furthermore, the top wall of the 3D printed prefabricated panel has several planting holes.

[0026] Beneficial Effects: The planting holes provide space for vegetation planting, allowing the precast slabs to function as slope protection structures while also supporting the growth of green plants. This contributes to the ecological restoration of the slope area, increases vegetation cover, and improves the ecological environment. The roots of plants planted in the planting holes can penetrate deep into the soil, forming a tight bond with it, thereby enhancing the soil's resistance to erosion and its stability against landslides. This plays a crucial role in preventing slope landslides and maintaining slope stability. Vegetation cover reduces the direct erosion of the slope by rainwater, lowering the risk of soil erosion. Simultaneously, plant growth promotes the formation of soil aggregates, improving the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity.

[0027] A protection method for a 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device, applicable to the aforementioned 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device, comprises the following specific steps:

[0028] Step 1: Conduct an investigation of the slope that needs protection, including but not limited to measuring the slope gradient, soil strength, and moisture content;

[0029] Step Two: Based on the survey results from Step One and the specific conditions of the slope, design a protection plan;

[0030] Step 3: Based on the protection plan, select different 3D printing materials and processes to produce 3D printed prefabricated panels;

[0031] Step 4: According to the protection plan, install 3D printed prefabricated panels made of different materials in different positions, and use anchor bolts to fix the 3D printed prefabricated panels to the slope surface. Adjacent 3D printed prefabricated panels are connected and fixed with locking components.

[0032] Step 5: Place the water pipes on both sides of the installed 3D printed prefabricated panel;

[0033] Step 6: Plant vegetation in the planting holes of the 3D printed prefabricated plate, and water, fertilize and prune the vegetation regularly.

[0034] Beneficial effects: Gradient strength precast slabs manufactured using 3D printing technology can adjust their strength according to the stress conditions at different locations, effectively enhancing the overall stability of the slope. 3D printing technology enables rapid and customized production of precast slabs, reducing production and transportation costs while improving construction efficiency. The use of environmentally friendly materials and ecological restoration methods aligns with the concept of sustainable development and contributes to the construction of green and ecological slopes.

[0035] The installation of water pipes and the permeable yet soil-impermeable properties of the ecological bags can significantly reduce the hydrostatic pressure on the slope and improve drainage performance. The planting and maintenance of vegetation not only beautifies the slope environment but also further enhances the stability of the slope through the soil-fixing effect of the vegetation roots.

[0036] Furthermore, the protection measures in step two include the size, quantity, and layout of the 3D printed prefabricated panels, as well as the installation positions of the locking and fixing components.

[0037] Beneficial effects: Through precise size, quantity, and layout design, as well as the rational installation of locking and fixing components, 3D-printed prefabricated panels can tightly adhere to the slope surface, forming an effective protective layer and significantly improving slope stability. The gradient strength layout design better adapts to the stress distribution of the slope, giving the protective device higher strength and durability in critical locations. Precise size and quantity design reduces waste of prefabricated panels and unnecessary material consumption.

[0038] Furthermore, in step three, the selection of 3D materials involves using printing materials with different gradient strengths depending on the slope and soil strength of the area.

[0039] Beneficial effects: By selecting printing materials that match the slope and soil strength, the protective devices can be ensured to have sufficient strength and stability in different areas, thus more effectively resisting natural erosion and geological disasters. Material selection tailored to the specific conditions of different areas enables customized design of the protective devices, improving their relevance and effectiveness. Using materials that match the regional conditions avoids waste caused by materials with excessively high or low strength, reducing overall costs.

[0040] Furthermore, in step six, vegetation selection involves choosing appropriate vegetation species based on the specific environmental conditions of the slope, including soil type, light intensity, and moisture conditions.

[0041] Beneficial effects: Well-developed root systems in vegetation penetrate deep into the soil, enhancing the cohesion between soil particles and effectively preventing soil erosion and geological disasters such as landslides. The branches, leaves, and roots of vegetation can mitigate the direct erosion of slopes by rainwater, reducing the erosive effect of water flow and maintaining slope integrity. Ecologically adapted vegetation species can attract various organisms to inhabit and reproduce, such as birds and insects, thus enriching the biodiversity of the slope and forming a stable ecosystem. Planting vegetation can increase the vegetation cover of the slope, increase air humidity, lower temperature, improve the local climate environment of the slope, and provide better living conditions for organisms.

[0042] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of an embodiment of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device and its protection method of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is an axonometric view of the locking component in an embodiment of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device and its protection method of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the locking component in an embodiment of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device and its protection method of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a rear view of an embodiment of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device and its protection method of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a complete axonometric view of an embodiment of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device and its protection method of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device and its protection method of the present invention.

[0049] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. 3D printed prefabricated plate; 2. Housing; 3. Rotating shaft; 4. Locking tongue; 5. Wedge block; 6. Insert rod; 7. Limiting groove; 8. Water channel; 9. Through hole; 10. Connecting rod; 101. Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] As attached Figures 1-6The diagram shows a 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device, comprising a 3D printer for printing a 3D-printed prefabricated plate 1 according to the slope terrain to be protected. The 3D-printed prefabricated plate 1 is made of different materials. A through hole 9 is provided at the bottom of the 3D-printed prefabricated plate 1, and an anchor rod with a tapered structure is threaded into the through hole 9. A fixing component is installed in the through hole 9, including a connecting rod 10. The connecting rod 10 penetrates the 3D-printed prefabricated plate 1 and slides within it. One end of the connecting rod 10 penetrates the sidewall of the through hole 9. Insertion holes matching the connecting rod 10 are provided on both sidewalls of the 3D-printed prefabricated plate 1. Several planting holes are provided on the top wall of the 3D-printed prefabricated plate 1.

[0056] The 3D printed prefabricated plate 1 has a groove 101, in which a locking component is installed. The locking component includes a housing 2, which is a hollow structure. Circular holes are provided at the bottom and top of the housing 2, and a rotating shaft 3 is rotatably fitted within each hole. A locking tongue 4 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 3. The locking tongue 4 has a C-shaped structure, and a wedge 5 is fixedly connected to the end of the locking tongue 4 away from the rotating shaft 3. A limiting component is installed on the side of the housing 2 away from the rotating shaft 3. The limiting component includes a rod 6, which penetrates the housing 2 and slides within it. A limiting groove 7 is fixedly connected to the rod 6. In this embodiment, the limiting groove 7 has a U-shaped structure and is located inside the housing 2. The locking tongue 4 slides within the limiting groove 7. A spring is fitted onto the rod 6, with one end fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the housing 2 and the other end fixedly connected to the top of the limiting groove 7.

[0057] A monitoring component is installed on one side of the locking tongue 4. The monitoring component is connected to the control module. The monitoring component includes a pressure sensor. The control module is connected to the reaction component. In this embodiment, the reaction component is an electromagnet. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure value of the locking tongue 4 exceeds the threshold in the control module, it indicates that the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plate 1 has fallen off. The control module activates the reaction component, so that the locking tongue 4 on the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plate 1 is in the unlocked state.

[0058] A pull ring is fixedly connected to the top of the insertion rod 6, and a limit rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the insertion rod 6. A groove matching the limit rod is opened on the top of the housing 2.

[0059] It also includes a water pipe. Several water channels 8 are provided at the bottom of the 3D printed prefabricated plate 1. The water channels 8 are connected to the water pipe. The side wall of the water pipe is provided with a through groove. The 3D printed prefabricated plate 1 slides in conjunction with the through groove.

[0060] The specific implementation process is as follows: The specific protection methods for the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device are as follows:

[0061] (1) Preliminary preparations:

[0062] A detailed survey of the slope requiring protection was conducted using surveying tools (such as total stations, soil strength testers, and hygrometers), recording key data such as slope gradient, soil strength, and moisture content. The geological conditions, potential risks, and environmental factors of the slope were analyzed to provide a basis for subsequent protection scheme design.

[0063] Based on the survey results and the specific conditions of the slope, a detailed protection plan was designed. The plan should clearly define the dimensions, quantity, and layout of the 3D-printed prefabricated panels 1, as well as the installation locations of the locking and fixing components. Considering areas with different slope gradients and soil strengths, 3D printing materials with different strength gradients were selected to ensure the stability and durability of the protective device. Specific material selections are as follows:

[0064] For areas with low slope and low soil strength: 3D printing materials with moderate strength and low cost can be selected, such as biodegradable materials like PLA (polylactic acid), which meet both protection needs and environmental protection requirements.

[0065] For areas with medium slope and medium soil strength: materials with higher strength and better durability, such as ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) or nylon and other engineering plastics, can be selected to ensure the stability and durability of the protective device.

[0066] In areas with high slope and high soil strength, high-strength and high-toughness materials, such as carbon fiber reinforced composites or metal alloys, should be selected to cope with more severe environmental conditions.

[0067] (2) Production of 3D printed prefabricated plate 1:

[0068] Based on the protection plan, select suitable 3D printing materials and prepare the corresponding printing equipment and auxiliary materials. Pre-treat the materials to ensure they meet the printing requirements.

[0069] Using 3D printing equipment, prefabricated panels are printed to a predetermined size and shape. During the printing process, printing parameters are adjusted according to material properties and process requirements to ensure the quality and performance of the prefabricated panels. Each 3D-printed prefabricated panel is uniquely identified, and its production batch, material type, and dimensions are recorded to facilitate on-site installation and subsequent maintenance.

[0070] (3) On-site installation:

[0071] Clear debris and loose soil from the slope surface to ensure the installation surface is flat and unobstructed. Mark the installation locations of the precast panels and the drilling locations of the anchor bolts on the slope according to the protection plan. Place the 3D-printed precast panels 1, printed from different materials, at the designated locations, ensuring they fit tightly against the slope surface. Drill holes at the marked locations using drilling equipment, ensuring the hole depth and diameter meet design requirements.

[0072] At the bottom of the slope, conical anchor rods are screwed into drilled holes through through-holes 9 at the bottom of the 3D-printed precast slab 1 for fixation. During screwing, connecting rods 10 in through-holes 9 are pushed out by the conical anchor rods and inserted into insertion holes on the side walls of adjacent 3D-printed precast slabs 1. The deeper the anchor rod is inserted, the more of the connecting rod 10 is pushed out, thus making the connection between adjacent 3D-printed precast slabs 1 more stable. During the screwing of the anchor rods into the drilled holes, care should be taken to control the screwing speed and force to avoid damaging the 3D-printed precast slabs 1 or the anchor rods. At the same time, ensure that the anchor rods reach the predetermined depth to ensure their fixing effect. The combination of the anchor rods and the through-holes 9 at the bottom of the 3D-printed precast slabs 1 provides a strong vertical fixing force, effectively preventing the displacement of the 3D-printed precast slabs 1 in the soil.

[0073] After the bottom 3D printed prefabricated plate 1 is fixed, the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plates 1 are installed one by one using the locking components. First, align the locking component on one 3D printed prefabricated plate 1 with the reserved groove 101 and locking component on the other 3D printed prefabricated plate 1. Gently push the two 3D printed prefabricated plates 1 so that the locking tongue 4 begins to contact and gradually enters a mutually engaging state. Continue to apply the pushing force, and the locking tongue 4 rotates around the rotating shaft 3 under pressure. When the locking tongue 4 reaches the maximum rotation angle, the wedge 5 naturally slides into the limiting groove 7, and at the same time the spring is compressed, the insertion rod 6 slides in the housing 2, and the limiting groove 7 locks the wedge 5 to keep the locking tongue 4 in the locked position, ensuring that the locking tongue 4 is stably kept in the locked position, thus completing the stable connection of the two 3D printed prefabricated plates 1.

[0074] Place the water inlet pipes on both sides of the installed 3D-printed prefabricated slab 1, ensuring proper connection between the water inlet channel 8 and the water inlet pipes. Adjust the position and height of the water inlet pipes to effectively collect and guide rainwater or groundwater. During installation, continuously check the installation position and angle of the 3D-printed prefabricated slab 1 to ensure it fits tightly against the slope surface without gaps or misalignment. If necessary, use adjustment tools for fine-tuning. The combination of the water inlet channel 8 and the water inlet pipes forms an efficient drainage system that can promptly remove accumulated water from the slope, reducing the erosion effect of rainwater on the slope, and also promoting vegetation growth.

[0075] Based on the specific environmental conditions of the slope, select vegetation species that are ecologically adapted and have well-developed root systems for planting. Dig appropriately sized planting pits in the planting holes of the 3D-printed prefabricated plate 1, place the vegetation seedlings in the pits, and backfill with soil. Water and apply appropriate amounts of fertilizer to promote vegetation growth and development. The planting hole design promotes natural vegetation growth, not only beautifying the slope but also enhancing soil stability and reducing soil erosion through the root system. The vegetation selection takes into account the local ecological environment, helping to maintain biodiversity and promote ecological balance. Specific vegetation selection recommendations are as follows:

[0076] Soil type: Select appropriate vegetation species according to the soil type of the slope. For example, in sandy soil, drought-resistant and barren-tolerant vegetation such as camel thorn and sea buckthorn can be selected; in clay soil, waterlogging-resistant and adaptable vegetation such as willow and reed can be selected.

[0077] Light intensity: Select appropriate vegetation species based on the light intensity of the slope. Sun-loving plants such as Pinus tabuliformis and Pinus massoniana are suitable for growth under full sun conditions; shade-loving plants such as Aglaonema 'Guangdong' and orchids are suitable for growth under low light conditions.

[0078] Moisture conditions: Select appropriate vegetation species based on the moisture conditions of the slope. In humid areas, moisture-loving plants such as water lilies and lotus can be selected; in arid areas, drought-resistant plants such as cacti and sea buckthorn can be selected.

[0079] (4) Post-maintenance and management

[0080] Regularly inspect slope protection devices, checking the condition of precast slabs, anchor bolts, locking components, and drainage pipes. Promptly identify and address any loose, damaged, or malfunctioning components to ensure the overall stability and safety of the protection system. Over time, the geological conditions of the slope may change, such as increased soil strength or a gentler slope, rendering the original protection devices unsuitable or overly protective, necessitating removal and reinstallation. Alternatively, during other slope-related construction activities (such as road widening or building foundation construction), it may be necessary to temporarily or permanently remove the slope protection devices to ensure the smooth progress of construction.

[0081] During the protection process, if a 3D-printed prefabricated plate 1 detaches due to changes in slope topography (such as soil loosening, rainwater erosion, or earthquakes), the detached 3D-printed prefabricated plate 1 will exert a downward pulling or compressive force on the adjacent 3D-printed prefabricated plates 1 due to its own weight and possible tilt angle. At this time, the locking tongue 4 on the adjacent 3D-printed prefabricated plates 1, as a key component for connection and fixation, will feel this additional pressure or load.

[0082] The pressure sensor installed on one side of the latch 4 can monitor and capture the pressure changes on the latch 4 in real time. Once this pressure value exceeds the preset threshold in the control module (this threshold is reasonably set according to the maximum pressure that the latch 4 can withstand under normal working conditions), the control module will immediately recognize that this is an abnormal situation, that is, there may be a risk of detachment or imminent detachment between the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plates 1.

[0083] Upon receiving this abnormal signal, the control module quickly activates the electromagnet connected to it. After receiving the control module's command, the electromagnet de-energizes, causing the magnetic force to disappear. At this point, the locking tongue 4 is no longer bound by the electromagnet and can freely unlock and detach from the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plate 1. The unlocked locking tongue 4 will no longer tightly fasten the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plate 1, allowing the detached prefabricated plate to move or detach relatively independently when necessary, without causing a chain reaction that leads to the detachment of more prefabricated plates. When the 3D printed prefabricated plate 1 needs to be replaced, if it is necessary to separate two adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plates 1, the locking state must be released first. By pulling the pull ring on the lever with external force (such as a tool or manually), it overcomes the spring force and slides to a certain position, thereby allowing the limiting groove 7 to no longer restrict the rotation of the locking tongue 4. After the locking tongue 4 loses its limit, it automatically rotates back to its initial position due to the external force (the tension generated when the two 3D printed prefabricated plates 1 separate). The wedge 5 disengages from the limiting groove 7, and the two locking components separate, thus realizing the separation of the 3D printed prefabricated plate 1.

[0084] Regular watering, fertilization, and pruning should be carried out according to the growth of the vegetation. Weeds, fallen leaves, and other debris should be removed to keep the slope clean and ensure good ventilation and light penetration. The growth of the vegetation should be monitored to assess its protective effect, and adjustments and optimizations should be made as needed.

[0085] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device, comprising a 3D printer, the 3D printer being used to print 3D-printed prefabricated panels (1) according to the slope terrain to be protected, characterized in that, The 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) is made of different materials. The 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) has a groove (101). A locking component is installed in the groove (101). The locking component includes a shell (2). The shell (2) is a hollow structure. The bottom and top of the shell (2) are both provided with round holes. A rotating shaft (3) is rotatably fitted in the round hole. A locking tongue (4) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (3). The locking tongue (4) is a C-shaped structure. A monitoring component is installed on one side of the locking tongue (4). The monitoring component is connected to a control module. The monitoring component includes a pressure sensor. The control module is connected to a reaction component. A wedge (5) is fixedly connected to the end of the locking tongue (4) away from the rotating shaft (3). A limit component is installed on the side of the shell (2) away from the rotating shaft (3). The limiting component includes a rod (6), which penetrates the housing (2) and slides with the housing (2). A limiting groove (7) is fixedly connected to the rod (6), which is located inside the housing (2). The locking tongue (4) slides with the limiting groove (7). When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure value of the locking tongue (4) exceeds the threshold in the control module, it indicates that the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) has fallen off. The control module activates the reaction component to make the locking tongue (4) on the adjacent 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) unlocked. It also includes a water pipe. The bottom of the 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) is provided with several water channels (8). The water channels (8) are connected to the water pipe. The side wall of the water pipe is provided with a through groove. The 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) slides with the through groove.

2. The 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spring is fitted on the insert rod (6). One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing (2), and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting groove (7).

3. The 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the insertion rod (6) is fixedly connected with a pull ring, and the side wall of the insertion rod (6) is fixedly connected with a limit rod. The top of the housing (2) is provided with a groove that matches the limit rod.

4. The 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) has a through hole (9), and an anchor rod is threaded into the through hole (9). The anchor rod has a tapered structure. A fixing component is installed in the through hole (9). The fixing component includes a connecting rod (10). The connecting rod (10) passes through the 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) and slides inside the 3D printed prefabricated plate (1). One end of the connecting rod (10) passes through the side wall of the through hole (9). Both sides of the 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) have insertion holes that match the connecting rod (10).

5. The 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top wall of the 3D printed precast plate (1) has several planting holes.

6. A protection method for a 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device, applicable to the method of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device as described in claim 5, comprising the following specific steps: Step 1: Investigate the slope that needs protection, including measuring the slope gradient, soil strength, and moisture content; Step Two: Based on the survey results from Step One and the specific conditions of the slope, design a protection plan; Step 3: Based on the protection plan, select different 3D printing materials and processes to produce 3D printed prefabricated plates (1); Step 4: Install 3D printed prefabricated panels (1) made of different materials in different positions according to the protection plan, and use anchor rods to fix the 3D printed prefabricated panels (1) to the slope surface. Adjacent 3D printed prefabricated panels (1) are connected and fixed by locking components. Step 5: Place the water pipes on both sides of the installed 3D printed prefabricated plate (1); Step 6: Plant vegetation in the planting holes of the 3D printed prefabricated plate (1), and water, fertilize and prune the vegetation regularly.

7. The protection method of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The protection scheme in step two includes the size, quantity, layout of the 3D printed prefabricated plate (1) and the installation positions of the locking and fixing components.

8. The protection method of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step 3: 3D material selection: Different gradient strength printing materials are used according to the different slopes and soil strengths of the area.

9. The protection method of the 3D-printed gradient strength slope protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step six involves selecting the appropriate vegetation based on the specific environmental conditions of the slope, including soil type, light intensity, and moisture conditions.

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