Drilling machine and method for blasting drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to a drilling machine for blasting drilling and a method. The drilling machine for blasting drilling comprises a rear joint and a front joint, the connecting sleeve is detachably connected to the lower side of the rear connector, and the connecting sleeve is connected with a movable sleeve in a sliding mode; the front connector is detachably connected to the lower side of the connecting sleeve, and the front connector is in limited sliding connection with a drill bit; and the inner sleeve is detachably connected to the interior of the moving sleeve, a piston is slidably connected to the interior of the inner sleeve, the connecting sleeve is provided with two extrusion wheels which are symmetrically distributed, and the two extrusion wheels are both located in the inner sleeve. The extrusion force of the two extrusion wheels on the piston is increased, so that the pressure of gas between the inner sleeve and the piston is increased, namely the downward moving speed of the piston after overcoming the extrusion force of the two extrusion wheels is increased, the striking force of a drill bit acting on a rock stratum is enhanced, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, and in particular to a drilling rig and method for blasting drilling. Background Art

[0002] During the mining operation, the holes pre-drilled for controlled blasting form blasting holes. Down-the-hole drilling tools are widely used in the drilling process of blasting holes because of their high efficiency, precision and strong adaptability. Down-the-hole drilling tools use impact to break rocks. The compressed gas is delivered to the drill pipe with the help of a gas compressor, and the piston is driven by high-pressure gas. The piston directly hits the drill bit, transferring kinetic energy to the drill bit, causing it to generate high-frequency impact force, thereby breaking the rock. In addition to impact, the rotary device on the top of the drilling rig also drives the drill bit to rotate synchronously during the impact of the rock formation, making the drilling speed faster and more efficient. The crushed rocks and rock cuttings generated during the drilling process are discharged from the borehole through high-pressure gas to keep the inside of the borehole clean.

[0003] During the drilling process of existing down-the-hole drilling tools, the pressure of gas delivered by the gas compressor to the drill pipe is relatively stable, so that the impact force of the drill bit on the rock formation each time is also relatively stable. When drilling into a rock formation with higher hardness, the drill bit will not be able to effectively break the rock formation, resulting in a decrease in the distance of the drill bit's single movement compared to a softer area, causing a decrease in drilling speed and efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing down-the-hole drilling tools during the drilling process, the present invention provides a drilling rig and method for blasting drilling.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A drilling rig for blasting drilling, comprising: A rear joint, wherein an air guide tube is disposed on the upper side of the rear joint, and the air guide tube is externally connected to an external air supply device; A connecting sleeve, detachably connected to the lower side of the rear joint, the connecting sleeve being slidably connected to a moving sleeve, and a first elastic member being arranged between the connecting sleeve and the moving sleeve; A front joint, detachably connected to the lower side of the connecting sleeve, wherein the front joint is limitedly slidably connected to a drill bit; An inner sleeve is detachably connected to the inside of the movable sleeve, a piston is slidably connected inside the inner sleeve, the piston is used to strike the drill bit, and both the piston and the drill bit are provided with through holes for exhausting air; There are two extrusion wheels symmetrically distributed and both are arranged on the connecting sleeve. The two extrusion wheels are in contact with the piston. The two extrusion wheels are used to squeeze the piston to increase the resistance of the piston to move downward. A connecting component is commonly arranged between the connecting sleeve and the two extrusion wheels, and the connecting component is used to change the extrusion force of the two extrusion wheels on the piston.

[0006] Preferably, a symmetrically distributed rectangular surface is provided in the middle of the piston, and a groove is provided on the rectangular surface of the piston to increase the contact area between the extrusion wheel and the piston.

[0007] Preferably, the connection assembly comprises: The spring telescopic rods have two symmetrically distributed ones, both of which are slidably connected to the connecting sleeve, the telescopic ends of the spring telescopic rods pass through the inner sleeve and are slidably connected thereto, the telescopic ends of the spring telescopic rods are rotationally connected to the adjacent extrusion wheels, and a second elastic member is fixedly connected between the fixed portion of the spring telescopic rod and the connecting sleeve; Two connecting rods are symmetrically distributed and fixed to the connecting sleeve, and the connecting rod is slidably connected to the moving sleeve; The extrusion plates are provided with two symmetrically distributed ones, which are respectively fixed to the lower ends of the adjacent connecting rods, and the extrusion plates are used for extruding the fixing parts of the adjacent spring telescopic rods.

[0008] Preferably, the extrusion plate consists of two upper and lower vertical parts and an inclined part, and the angle between the inclined part of the extrusion plate and the vertical plane is an acute angle.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: The intercepting plates are provided with two symmetrically distributed ones, which are respectively fixed to the adjacent extrusion plates, and the intercepting plates are used to limit the adjacent spring telescopic rods.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: A moving rod, fixedly connected to the upper side of the moving sleeve, wherein the moving rod is located in the connecting sleeve; A moving ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving rod, the moving ring is slidably connected to the connecting sleeve, and the first elastic member is fixedly connected to both the moving ring and the connecting sleeve; There are several fixed tubes, all of which are fixedly connected to the movable ring in a penetrating manner. A baffle is rotatably connected to the lower side of the fixed tube. A third elastic member is fixedly connected between the baffle and the fixed tube. A through hole is provided on the baffle, and the diameter of the through hole on the baffle is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed tube.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: A movable tube, slidably connected to the air guide tube, wherein the movable tube is detachably connected to the rear joint; A connecting ring, fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving tube, the connecting ring being located inside the air guide tube; There are a plurality of limiting balls distributed circumferentially, all of which are connected to the connecting ring in a limiting sliding manner, and the air guide tube is provided with an arc-shaped groove for squeezing the limiting balls; An extrusion ring is slidably connected to the moving tube, the extrusion ring is located between the moving tube and the connecting ring, and the extrusion ring is used to squeeze the limiting ball; The fourth elastic member is fixedly connected between the connecting ring and the air guide tube.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: An unlocking rod is fixed to the lower side of the extrusion ring, and the unlocking rod is slidably connected to the moving tube and the connecting sleeve; A pressure cover is detachably connected to the movable sleeve, and a fixing frame is detachably connected to the upper side of the pressure cover, and the fixing frame is used to squeeze the unlocking rod.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes: The sealing shell is detachably connected to the rear joint, and the sealing shell is limitedly and slidably connected to the air guide pipe.

[0014] A blasting drilling construction method, a blasting drilling rig based on the above technical solution, comprises the following steps: S1: Use the existing driving device to synchronously move the rear joint and other parts connected thereto to the position where the blasting hole needs to be drilled; S2: Start the driving device, which drives the drill bit to move downward through the air pipe and drives the drill bit to rotate at the same time; start the external air supply device, which delivers high-pressure gas to the movable sleeve and the connecting sleeve through the air pipe, and the high-pressure gas drives the piston to move up and down; S3: When the piston moves downward, it hits the drill bit, causing the drill bit to hit the rock to perform the drilling operation. After the piston moves downward, the high-pressure gas drives the piston to reset upward and blows the rock debris out of the hole; S4: During the drilling process, when drilling into the hard rock zone, the position of the fixing part of the spring telescopic rod is changed to increase the air pressure between the piston and the inner casing; S5: When the resistance to the drill bit continues to increase, the drill bit is driven by the moving tube to move upward and separate from the rock formation, and the drill bit is moved out of the borehole through the driving device, the geological conditions of the borehole are re-surveyed, and a suitable drill bit is re-selected to continue the drilling operation; S6: After drilling is completed, the drill bit is removed from the hole and maintained for subsequent use.

[0015] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: The present invention increases the squeezing force of the two squeezing wheels on the piston, thereby increasing the pressure of the gas between the inner casing and the piston, that is, increasing the speed at which the piston moves downward after overcoming the squeezing force of the two squeezing wheels, thereby enhancing the impact force of the drill bit on the rock formation, thereby improving the drilling efficiency.

[0016] By changing the position of the fixed part of the spring telescopic rod, the squeezing force of the squeezing wheel on the adjacent piston is increased, and the speed at which the piston moves downward after overcoming the resistance is increased.

[0017] The intercepting plate and the adjacent extrusion plate are used to limit the spring telescopic rod so that the spring telescopic rod cannot move left and right, thereby avoiding repeated movement of the spring telescopic rod due to vibration during normal use of the device, thereby extending the service life of the spring telescopic rod and the second elastic member.

[0018] When the reaction force on the drill bit continues to increase, the mobile tube drives the rear joint and its connection to move upward synchronously, so that the drill bit loses contact with the drilling surface, avoiding the air guide tube from bending due to radial extrusion force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the connecting sleeve and the moving sleeve of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the front joint of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the extrusion wheel and the spring telescopic rod of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the extrusion plate and the interception plate of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the moving rod and the moving ring of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the movable ring and the fixed tube of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the baffle and the third elastic member of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the gland and the fixing frame of the present invention; Fig.10 is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the airway of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the connecting ring and the extrusion ring of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the connecting ring of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. rear joint, 101. air guide pipe, 2. connecting sleeve, 201. first elastic member, 3. movable sleeve, 4. front joint, 5. drill bit, 6. inner sleeve, 7. piston, 8. extrusion wheel, 9. spring telescopic rod, 10. second elastic member, 11. connecting rod, 12. extrusion plate, 13. interception plate, 14. movable rod, 15. movable ring, 16. fixed tube, 17. baffle, 18. third elastic member, 19. movable tube, 20. connecting ring, 21. limiting ball, 22. extrusion ring, 23. fourth elastic member, 24. unlocking rod, 241. pressure cover, 25. fixing frame, 26. sealing shell, 100. guide sleeve, 200. retaining ring, 300. gas distribution seat, 400. check valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Certain embodiments of the present invention will be described more comprehensively with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some but not all embodiments will be shown. In fact, the various embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention meets applicable legal requirements.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "front", "back" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] Embodiment 1: A drilling rig for blasting drilling, such as Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, it includes a rear joint 1, an air guide pipe 101 is arranged on the upper side of the rear joint 1, and the air guide pipe 101 is externally connected to an external air supply device; a connecting sleeve 2, which is detachably connected to the lower side of the rear joint 1, and the connecting sleeve 2 is slidably connected to a movable sleeve 3, and a first elastic member 201 is arranged between the connecting sleeve 2 and the movable sleeve 3; a front joint 4, which is detachably connected to the lower side of the connecting sleeve 2, and the front joint 4 is limitedly slidably connected to a drill bit 5; an inner sleeve 6, which is detachably connected to the inside of the movable sleeve 3, and a piston 7 is slidably connected inside the inner sleeve 6, and the piston 7 is used to hit the drill bit 5, and the piston 7 is provided with a through hole for exhaust; there are two extrusion wheels 8, which are symmetrically distributed and are both arranged on the connecting sleeve 2, and the two extrusion wheels 8 are both in contact with the piston 7, and the two extrusion wheels 8 are used to squeeze the piston 7 to increase the resistance of the piston 7 to move downward, and a connecting component is commonly arranged between the connecting sleeve 2 and the two extrusion wheels 8, and the connecting component is used to change the extrusion force of the two extrusion wheels 8 on the piston 7.

[0024] In the above scheme, the first elastic member 201 is a spring, and the first elastic member 201 is initially in a compressed state (but not compressed to the limit); the lower part of the movable sleeve 3 is provided with a guide sleeve 100 and a clamping ring 200, wherein the clamping ring 200 is sleeved on the drill bit 5, the guide sleeve 100 is located between the front joint 4 and the inner sleeve 6, the guide sleeve 100 and the movable sleeve 3 are detachably connected, and the upper part of the movable sleeve 3 is provided with a gas distribution seat 300 and a check valve 400, and the check valve 400 is installed on the gas distribution seat 300; initially, the drill bit 5 Under the action of its own gravity, it slides downward along the front joint 4 to the extreme position; the lower part of the inner sleeve 6 is provided with circumferentially evenly distributed through holes, and the outer diameter of the upper part of the inner sleeve 6 is smaller than the inner diameter of the moving sleeve 3, and the outer diameter of the lower part of the inner sleeve 6 is equal to the inner diameter of the moving sleeve 3, that is, the lower end of the inner sleeve 6 is sealed and slidably connected with the moving sleeve 3; there are gaps between the inner sleeve 6 and the moving sleeve 3 and the piston 7; initially, the inner sleeve 6 blocks the through hole on the piston 7, and the two extrusion wheels 8 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right, and the two extrusion wheels 8 are in contact with the piston 7.

[0025] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a symmetrically distributed rectangular surface is provided in the middle of the piston 7 , and a groove is provided on the rectangular surface of the piston 7 to increase the contact area between the extrusion wheel 8 and the piston 7 .

[0026] In the above scheme, initially, the rectangular surfaces on the piston 7 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right, and the arc grooves on the rectangular surfaces of the piston 7 are respectively located at the lower parts of the adjacent rectangular surfaces on the piston 7. Initially, the two extrusion wheels 8 are respectively located in the adjacent arc grooves on the piston 7, and the two extrusion wheels 8 jointly limit the piston 7, so that the piston 7 cannot move downward under the action of its own gravity.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rear joint 1 is detachably connected to the air duct 101 , and the connecting sleeve 2 and the movable sleeve 3 are both fixedly connected to the first elastic member 201 .

[0028] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows: When it is necessary to use this device to drill a blasting hole, the staff installs this device on the existing driving device. After that, the staff moves this device to the specified position through the existing driving device, and then starts the driving device. The driving device drives the air pipe 101 to rotate, and then the air pipe 101 drives the rear joint 1 and other parts connected thereto to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the driving device drives the air pipe 101 to move downward, and then the air pipe 101 drives the rear joint 1 and other parts connected thereto to move downward synchronously. After the drill bit 5 contacts the ground, the drill bit 5 no longer moves downward. At this time, the air pipe 101 drives the front joint 4 to continue to move downward.

[0029] In the process of the front joint 4 continuing to move downward, the distance between the front joint 4 and the drill bit 5 is continuously reduced. After the front joint 4 moves downward to the limit position (that is, after the lower side of the front joint 4 contacts the drill bit 5), the staff starts the external gas supply device, and the external gas supply device delivers high-pressure gas to the connecting sleeve 2 and the movable sleeve 3 through the air guide pipe 101 and the rear joint 1. The high-pressure gas delivered to the connecting sleeve 2 squeezes the check valve 400 in the movable sleeve 3, so that the high-pressure gas in the movable sleeve 3 passes through the check valve 400 and the gas distribution seat 300, and flows along the connecting sleeve 2. The gap between the movable sleeve 3 and the inner sleeve 6 continues to move downward, so that the high-pressure gas passes through the through hole at the bottom of the inner sleeve 6, moves upward along the gap between the inner sleeve 6 and the piston 7, and gathers between the upper side of the piston 7 and the inner sleeve 6, so that the air pressure between the piston 7 and the inner sleeve 6 gradually increases. When the air pressure between the piston 7 and the inner sleeve 6 reaches a specified value, the piston 7 moves downward rapidly under the action of the high-pressure gas, so that the piston 7 collides with the drill bit 5, and the drill bit 5 transmits the impact force from the piston 7 to the ground, thereby impacting and crushing the ground.

[0030] During the downward movement of the piston 7, the piston 7 squeezes the two extrusion wheels 8, so that the two extrusion wheels 8 move away from each other and gradually lose contact with the adjacent arc grooves on the piston 7. When the extrusion wheels 8 lose contact with the arc grooves on the piston 7, the extrusion wheels 8 contact the rectangular surface of the piston 7, and the extrusion wheels 8 are driven to rotate by the piston 7 during the downward movement (the friction between the extrusion wheels 8 and the piston 7 is rolling friction, which is negligible). When the piston 7 moves downward to the point where the inner sleeve 6 no longer blocks the through hole thereon, the high-pressure gas stored between the upper side of the piston 7 and the inner sleeve 6 flows to the external environment through the through hole on the piston 7, the guide sleeve 100 and the through hole on the drill bit 5, and blows the stone chips crushed by the drill bit 5 upward, that is, discharges the stone chips out of the drill hole.

[0031] When the piston 7 moves downward to the extreme position, the piston 7 contacts the guide sleeve 100. At this time, the high-pressure gas moves downward along the gap between the inner sleeve 6 and the piston 7, gathers between the sleeve 6, the piston 7 and the guide sleeve 100, and causes the lower side of the piston 7 to move upward due to the compression of the gas, so that the inner sleeve 6 re-blocks the through hole on the piston 7. Subsequently, the gas gathered between the piston 7 and the movable sleeve 3 flows through the guide sleeve 100 and the through hole on the drill bit 5 to the external environment, and continues to blow the stone chips. At this time, the single drilling operation is completed. After the blasting hole of the specified depth is drilled out using the device, the staff removes the device from the drilled blasting hole through the driving device and maintains the device for subsequent use.

[0032] In the process of drilling the blasting hole, when the drill bit 5 drills into a rock layer with a higher hardness (such as granite), the depth of a single drilling will decrease, that is, the distance that the drill bit 5 moves downward in a single time will decrease, resulting in a decrease in the overall drilling efficiency. At this time, the speed at which the driving device drives the air guide tube 101 to move downward remains unchanged, and at the same time, the reverse force of the ground on the drill bit 5 increases synchronously, so that the resistance of the connecting sleeve 2 to the drill bit 5 in the process of driving the drill bit 5 to move downward increases synchronously. When the resistance of the rock layer to the drill bit 5 is greater than the elastic force required for the first elastic member 201 to be compressed, the drill bit 5 drives the movable sleeve 3 to move relative to the connecting sleeve 2. The piston 7 moves upward and compresses the first elastic member 201 to store force, and then the connecting assembly works, and the connecting assembly increases the squeezing force of the two squeezing wheels 8 on the piston 7, and increases the resistance of the piston 7 to the downward movement, thereby increasing the pressure of the gas between the inner casing 6 and the piston 7 when the piston 7 moves downward (holding pressure), that is, increasing the speed of the piston 7 moving downward after overcoming the squeezing force of the two squeezing wheels 8, and enhancing the impact force of the drill bit 5 on the rock formation, thereby improving the drilling efficiency. After passing through a rock formation with higher hardness, the squeezing force of the squeezing wheels 8 on the piston 7 is restored to the initial value by the connecting assembly, so that the piston 7 moves normally.

[0033] like Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, the connecting assembly includes: a spring telescopic rod 9, which has two symmetrically distributed ones, both of which are slidably connected to the connecting sleeve 2, the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rod 9 passes through the inner sleeve 6 and is slidably connected thereto, the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rod 9 is rotatably connected to the adjacent extrusion wheel 8, and a second elastic member 10 is fixedly connected between the fixed portion of the spring telescopic rod 9 and the connecting sleeve 2; a connecting rod 11, which has two symmetrically distributed ones, both of which are fixed to the connecting sleeve 2, and the connecting rod 11 is slidably connected to the movable sleeve 3; and an extrusion plate 12, which has two symmetrically distributed ones, which are respectively fixed to the lower ends of adjacent connecting rods 11, and the extrusion plate 12 is used to squeeze the side of the fixed portion of the adjacent spring telescopic rod 9 that is not fixed to the second elastic member 10.

[0034] In the above scheme, the two spring telescopic rods 9 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right; the second elastic member 10 is a spring, and the specific number of the second elastic member 10 can be specifically selected by the staff; the two extrusion plates 12 are provided with inclined surfaces on the facing sides, and the inclination angles of the inclined surfaces on the two extrusion plates 12 are less than 45°.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the extrusion plate 12 is composed of two upper and lower vertical parts and an inclined part, and the angle between the inclined part of the extrusion plate 12 and the vertical surface is an acute angle.

[0036] In the above solution, initially, the fixed portion of the spring telescopic rod 9 contacts the vertical portion of the lower side of the adjacent extrusion plate 12 .

[0037] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows: In the process of the movable sleeve 3 moving upward relative to the connecting sleeve 2, the movable sleeve 3 drives the two spring telescopic rods 9 to move upward synchronously relative to the adjacent extrusion plates 12. The moving process of the right spring telescopic rod 9 is described below as an example: In the process of the spring telescopic rod 9 moving upward relative to the extrusion plate 12, when the spring telescopic rod 9 contacts the inclined surface of the extrusion plate 12, the spring telescopic rod 9 continues to move upward, and the fixed part of the spring telescopic rod 9 moves to the left due to the extrusion force of the inclined surface of the extrusion plate 12, and the second elastic member 10 is compressed and stored, and at the same time, the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rod 9 is gradually retracted into its fixed part, thereby increasing the extrusion force of the spring telescopic rod 9 on the extrusion wheel 8 and increasing the resistance of the piston 7 when it moves downward.

[0038] After the drill bit 5 passes through the rock formation with higher hardness, the first elastic member 201 drives the movable sleeve 3 to gradually return to its original position relative to the connecting sleeve 2, so that the extrusion plate 12 gradually loses contact with the spring telescopic rod 9. At this time, the second elastic member 10 drives the spring telescopic rod 9 to gradually return to the right. When the first elastic member 201 returns to the uncompressed state, the movable sleeve 3 returns to its initial position relative to the connecting sleeve 2, and the fixed part of the spring telescopic rod 9 returns to its initial position to the right at the same time, so that the extrusion force of the extrusion wheel 8 on the piston 7 returns to its initial value for subsequent continued use.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, it also includes: two interception plates 13 symmetrically distributed on the left and right, respectively fixed to the adjacent extrusion plates 12, the interception plates 13 are used to limit the adjacent spring telescopic rods 9, and initially the interception plates 13 are in contact with the adjacent spring telescopic rods 9.

[0040] The following description is made by taking the moving process of the right spring telescopic rod 9 as an example: During normal use of the device, the intercepting plate 13 and the squeezing plate 12 jointly limit the spring telescopic rod 9, so that the spring telescopic rod 9 cannot move left and right, thereby avoiding repeated movement of the spring telescopic rod 9 due to vibration during normal use of the device, thereby reducing the service life of the spring telescopic rod 9 and the second elastic member 10. When the movable sleeve 3 drives the spring telescopic rod 9 to move upward to a position where it loses contact with the intercepting plate 13, the spring telescopic rod 9 contacts the inclined surface on the squeezing plate 12, and the intercepting plate 13 no longer limits the spring telescopic rod 9, so that the spring telescopic rod 9 can be squeezed by the inclined surface on the squeezing plate 12 and move to the left.

[0041] Example 2: Figure 6-Figure 8 As shown, it also includes: a moving rod 14, which is fixedly connected to the upper side of the moving sleeve 3, the moving rod 14 is located in the connecting sleeve 2, and an annular storage cavity is formed between the connecting sleeve 2 and the moving sleeve 3; a moving ring 15, which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving rod 14, the moving ring 15 is slidably connected to the connecting sleeve 2, the first elastic member 201 is fixedly connected to the moving ring 15 and the connecting sleeve 2, and the moving ring 15 and the first elastic member 201 are both located in the storage cavity of the connecting sleeve 2 and the moving sleeve 3; a plurality of fixed tubes 16, which are all fixedly connected to the moving ring 15 in a through-type manner, and fixed A baffle 17 is rotatably connected to the lower side of the tube 16, and a third elastic member 18 is fixedly connected between the baffle 17 and the fixed tube 16. A through hole is provided on the baffle 17; the diameter of the through hole on the baffle 17 is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed tube 16, and is used to reduce the speed of the movable ring 15 when it moves downward, and the third elastic member 18 is a torsion spring, and the elastic force of the third elastic member 18 is equal to the gravity of the baffle 17. The third elastic member 18 is used to maintain the adjacent low baffle 17 in a horizontal state and reduce the resistance when the baffle 17 switches from a horizontal state to a vertical state.

[0042] In the above scheme, hydraulic oil is stored in the storage chamber of the connecting sleeve 2, and the specific number of fixed tubes 16 can be specifically selected by the staff; the third elastic member 18 is a torsion spring, and the baffle 17 is initially in a horizontal state, and the baffle 17 is located on the lower side of the fixed tube 16; in the process of the above-mentioned moving sleeve 3 moving upward relative to the connecting sleeve 2, the moving sleeve 3 drives the moving ring 15 to move upward synchronously through the moving rod 14, and the moving ring 15 drives all the fixed tubes 16 thereon to move upward synchronously, compressing the first elastic member 201. During this process, the hydraulic oil in the storage chamber of the connecting sleeve 2 flows through the fixed tube 16, and causes the baffle 17 to rotate around the connection between it and the adjacent fixed tube 16 due to the compression of the hydraulic oil, thereby converting the baffle 17 from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and at the same time causing the third elastic member 18 to torsion spring. Rotational force storage; in the process of the above-mentioned movable sleeve 3 being reset downward relative to the connecting sleeve 2, the first elastic member 201 drives all the fixed tubes 16 and the baffle 17 to move downward synchronously through the movable sleeve 3. In this process, the baffle 17 is squeezed by the hydraulic oil and the action of the third elastic member 18, so that the baffle 17 is switched from a vertical state to a horizontal state. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the storage chamber of the connecting sleeve 2 flows through the through hole on the baffle 17 to reduce the speed of the movable ring 15 moving downward, thereby reducing the speed of the movable sleeve 3 resetting downward relative to the connecting sleeve 2, avoiding the drill bit 5 to instantly lose support and move downward quickly when encountering a rock void layer, thereby reducing the collision force between the movable sleeve 3 and the connecting sleeve 2, avoiding the movable sleeve 3 and the connecting sleeve 2 from being deformed by impact, so as to extend the service life of the movable sleeve 3 and the connecting sleeve 2.

[0043] Embodiment 3: During the drilling process, if the resistance of the rock formation encountered by the drill bit continues to increase, the drill bit will transfer the force to the drill rod, causing the drill rod to be compressed in the axial direction (along the length direction of the drill rod), resulting in the drill rod being bent and deformed by the axial compression force. The present invention solves this problem through the following measures: On the basis of Example 1, Figure 9-12 As shown, it also includes: a moving tube 19, which is slidably connected to the air guide tube 101, and the moving tube 19 is detachably connected to the rear joint 1; a connecting ring 20, which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving tube 19, and the connecting ring 20 is located in the air guide tube 101; a plurality of limiting balls 21 distributed circumferentially, all of which are limitedly slidably connected to the connecting ring 20, and the air guide tube 101 is provided with an arc-shaped groove for squeezing the limiting balls 21; an extrusion ring 22, which is slidably connected to the moving tube 19, and the extrusion ring 22 is located between the moving tube 19 and the connecting ring 20, and the extrusion ring 22 is provided with an inclined surface for squeezing the limiting balls 21; a fourth elastic member 23, which is fixedly connected between the connecting ring 20 and the air guide tube 101.

[0044] In the above scheme, the specific number of the limiting balls 21 can be specifically selected by the staff; the depth of the arc-shaped groove on the air duct 101 is smaller than the radius of the limiting ball 21, and the limiting ball 21 is initially located in the arc-shaped groove of the air duct 101; the fourth elastic member 23 is a spring, and the fourth elastic member 23 has been compressed to the limit state initially.

[0045] like Figure 9-12 As shown, it also includes: an unlocking rod 24, which is fixed to the lower side of the extrusion ring 22, and the unlocking rod 24 is slidably connected to the movable tube 19 and the connecting sleeve 2, so that the unlocking rod 24 cannot move laterally, thereby reducing the impact of the vibration of the unlocking rod 24 during the drilling process; a pressure cover 241, which is detachably connected to the movable sleeve 3, and the upper side of the pressure cover 241 is detachably connected to a fixing frame 25, and the fixing frame 25 is used to squeeze the unlocking rod 24.

[0046] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows: In the process of the movable sleeve 3 moving upward relative to the connecting sleeve 2, the movable sleeve 3 drives the fixed frame 25 to move upward synchronously through the pressure cover 241. When the fixed parts of the two spring telescopic rods 9 move to the limit position (that is, when the stored force values ​​of the two spring telescopic rods 9 reach the maximum), the second elastic member 10 is compressed to the limit state. At this time, the fixed parts of the two spring telescopic rods 9 are respectively in contact with the vertical surfaces on the upper sides of the adjacent extrusion plates 12. At the same time, the spring telescopic rods 9 can still continue to move upward along the adjacent extrusion plates 12, and the upper side of the fixed frame 25 moves upward to a position in contact with the unlocking rod 24. At this time, the movable sleeve 3 can still continue to move upward relative to the connecting sleeve 2. In the process of the movable sleeve 3 continuing to move upward relative to the connecting sleeve 2, the fixed frame 25 squeezes the unlocking rod 24, so that the unlocking rod 24 drives the extrusion ring 22 to move upward.

[0047] When the movable sleeve 3 moves upward to the extreme state relative to the connecting sleeve 2, the extrusion ring 22 loses contact with the limiting ball 21, and the fourth elastic member 23 drives the movable tube 19 to move upward synchronously through the connecting ring 20 (in this process, the arc-shaped groove on the air guide tube 101 squeezes the limiting ball 21, so that the limiting ball 21 moves to a position close to the center of the connecting ring 20), and the movable tube 19 drives the rear joint 1 to move upward, and the rear joint 1 drives the connecting sleeve 2, the movable sleeve 3, the front joint 4 and the drill bit 5 to move upward synchronously, so that the drill bit 5 loses contact with the rock formation, thereby avoiding the situation where the air guide tube 101 is subjected to axial compression force and bends due to the excessive hardness of the rock formation when the movable sleeve 3 moves upward to the extreme position relative to the connecting sleeve 2.

[0048] When the fourth elastic member 23 returns to the uncompressed state, the movable tube 19 moves upward to the extreme position, and at the same time, the driving device drives the air guide tube 101 to move downward without any resistance, thereby causing the air guide tube 101 to move downward rapidly. Subsequently, the staff shuts down the external air supply device and stops supplying high-pressure gas to the connecting sleeve 2. While shutting down the external air supply device, the staff controls the driving device to work in reverse, and the driving device drives the air guide tube 101 to move upward, thereby causing the air guide tube 101 to drive other connections connected thereto to move upward synchronously. When the drill bit 5 moves upward to the outside of the hole, the staff inspects and resets the drill bit 5 and other parts connected thereto. At the same time, the staff re-surveys the rock formation at the drilling location, selects a drill bit 5 of appropriate specifications based on the survey results, and continues to drill the blasting hole according to the above operations.

[0049] like Fig. 9 As shown, it also includes: a sealing shell 26, which is detachably connected to the rear joint 1, and the sealing shell 26 is limitedly slidably connected to the air guide pipe 101.

[0050] During the above-mentioned drilling process, the sealing shell 26 intercepts the rock cuttings to prevent the rock cuttings from entering between the rear joint 1 and the air duct 101, thereby affecting the upward movement of the rear joint 1 relative to the air duct 101. At the same time, the sealing shell 26 also transmits the torque exerted on the air duct 101 to the rear joint 1, so that the rear joint 1 rotates synchronously with the air duct 101 to ensure smooth drilling of the blasting hole. During the upward movement of the above-mentioned moving tube 19 relative to the air duct 101, the rear joint 1 drives the sealing shell 26 to move synchronously, so that the sealing shell 26 slides along the air duct 101.

[0051] Embodiment 4: Based on embodiment 3, Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, a blasting drilling construction method, a blasting drilling rig based on the above technical solution, comprises the following steps: S1: Use the existing driving device to synchronously move the rear joint 1 and other parts connected thereto to the position where the blasting hole needs to be drilled; S2: Start the driving device, which drives the drill bit 5 to move downward through the air pipe 101 and drives the drill bit 5 to rotate at the same time; start the external air supply device, which delivers high-pressure gas to the movable sleeve 3 and the connecting sleeve 2 through the air pipe 101, and the high-pressure gas drives the piston 7 to move up and down; S3: When the piston 7 moves downward, it hits the drill bit 5, causing the drill bit 5 to hit the rock to perform a drilling operation. After the piston 7 moves downward, the high-pressure gas drives the piston 7 to reset upward and blows the rock debris out of the hole; S4: During the drilling process, when drilling into the hard rock formation area, the position of the fixed part of the spring telescopic rod 9 is changed to increase the air pressure between the piston 7 and the inner sleeve 6; S5: When the resistance of the drill bit 5 continues to increase, the drill bit 5 is driven by the moving tube 19 to move upward and separate from the rock formation, and the drill bit 5 is moved out of the borehole by the driving device, the geological conditions of the borehole are re-surveyed, and a suitable drill bit 5 is re-selected to continue the drilling operation; S6: After the drilling is completed, the drill bit 5 is removed from the drill hole and maintained for subsequent use.

[0052] So far, the present embodiment has been described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the drilling rig and method for blasting drilling of the present invention. The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling rig for blasting drilling, characterized in that: Included are: A rear joint (1), wherein an air guide tube (101) is provided on the upper side of the rear joint (1), and the air guide tube (101) is externally connected to an external air supply device; A connecting sleeve (2) is detachably connected to the lower side of the rear joint (1); the connecting sleeve (2) is slidably connected to a moving sleeve (3); a first elastic member (201) is provided between the connecting sleeve (2) and the moving sleeve (3); A front joint (4) is detachably connected to the lower side of the connecting sleeve (2), and the front joint (4) is limitedly slidably connected to a drill bit (5); An inner sleeve (6) is detachably connected to the inside of the movable sleeve (3); a piston (7) is slidably connected to the inner sleeve (6); the piston (7) is used to strike the drill bit (5); and both the piston (7) and the drill bit (5) are provided with a through hole for exhausting air; The extrusion wheels (8) are symmetrically distributed and are both arranged on the connecting sleeve (2). The two extrusion wheels (8) are in contact with the piston (7). The two extrusion wheels (8) are used to squeeze the piston (7) to increase the resistance of the piston (7) to move downward. A connecting component is provided between the connecting sleeve (2) and the two extrusion wheels (8). The connecting component is used to change the squeezing force of the two extrusion wheels (8) on the piston (7).

2. A blasting drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle of the piston (7) is provided with symmetrically distributed rectangular surfaces, and the rectangular surfaces of the piston (7) are provided with grooves for increasing the contact area between the extrusion wheel (8) and the piston (7).

3. A blasting drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection component includes: The spring telescopic rod (9) has two symmetrically distributed ones, both of which are slidably connected to the connecting sleeve (2); the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rod (9) passes through the inner sleeve (6) and is slidably connected thereto; the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rod (9) is rotationally connected to the adjacent extrusion wheel (8); and a second elastic member (10) is fixedly connected between the fixed portion of the spring telescopic rod (9) and the connecting sleeve (2); Two connecting rods (11) are symmetrically distributed and are both fixed to the connecting sleeve (2); the connecting rod (11) is slidably connected to the moving sleeve (3); The squeezing plates (12) have two symmetrically distributed ones, which are respectively fixed to the lower ends of the adjacent connecting rods (11), and the squeezing plates (12) are used to squeeze the fixing parts of the adjacent spring telescopic rods (9).

4. A blasting drilling rig according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extrusion plate (12) consists of two upper and lower vertical portions and an inclined portion, and the angle between the inclined portion of the extrusion plate (12) and the vertical surface is an acute angle.

5. The blasting drilling rig according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also included are: The interception plates (13) have two symmetrically distributed ones, which are respectively fixed to adjacent extrusion plates (12), and the interception plates (13) are used to limit the positions of adjacent spring telescopic rods (9).

6. A blasting drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also included are: A moving rod (14) fixedly connected to the upper side of the moving sleeve (3), the moving rod (14) being located inside the connecting sleeve (2); A moving ring (15) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving rod (14); the moving ring (15) is slidably connected to the connecting sleeve (2); and the first elastic member (201) is fixedly connected to both the moving ring (15) and the connecting sleeve (2); A plurality of fixed tubes (16) are provided, all of which are fixedly connected to the movable ring (15) in a penetrating manner; a baffle (17) is rotatably connected to the lower side of the fixed tube (16); a third elastic member (18) is fixedly connected between the baffle (17) and the fixed tube (16); a through hole is provided on the baffle (17); and the diameter of the through hole on the baffle (17) is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed tube (16).

7. A blasting drilling rig according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also included are: A movable tube (19) is slidably connected to the air guide tube (101), and the movable tube (19) is detachably connected to the rear joint (1); A connecting ring (20) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving tube (19), and the connecting ring (20) is located inside the air guide tube (101); A plurality of limiting balls (21) are circumferentially distributed and are all slidably connected to the connecting ring (20) in a limiting manner, and the air guide tube (101) is provided with an arc-shaped groove for squeezing the limiting balls (21); An extrusion ring (22) is slidably connected to the moving tube (19), the extrusion ring (22) is located between the moving tube (19) and the connecting ring (20), and the extrusion ring (22) is used to squeeze the limiting ball (21); A fourth elastic member (23) is fixedly connected between the connecting ring (20) and the air guide tube (101).

8. The blasting drilling rig according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also included are: An unlocking rod (24) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the extrusion ring (22), and the unlocking rod (24) is slidably connected to both the moving tube (19) and the connecting sleeve (2); A pressure cover (241) is detachably connected to the movable sleeve (3); a fixing frame (25) is detachably connected to the upper side of the pressure cover (241); the fixing frame (25) is used to press the unlocking rod (24).

9. The blasting drilling rig according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also included are: The sealing shell (26) is detachably connected to the rear joint (1), and the sealing shell (26) is slidably connected to the air guide tube (101) in a limited position.

10. A blasting drilling construction method, based on the blasting drilling rig according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Using an existing driving device to synchronously move the rear joint (1) and other parts connected thereto to a position where a blasting hole needs to be drilled; S2: starting the driving device, which drives the drill bit (5) to move downward through the air guide pipe (101) and drives the drill bit (5) to rotate at the same time; starting the external air supply device, which delivers high-pressure gas to the movable sleeve (3) and the connecting sleeve (2) through the air guide pipe (101), and the high-pressure gas drives the piston (7) to move up and down; S3: When the piston (7) moves downward, it hits the drill bit (5), causing the drill bit (5) to hit the rock, thereby performing a drilling operation. After the piston (7) moves downward, the high-pressure gas drives the piston (7) to return upward, and blows rock debris out of the hole; S4: During the drilling process, when drilling into a hard rock formation area, the position of the fixed portion of the spring telescopic rod (9) is changed to increase the air pressure between the piston (7) and the inner casing (6); S5: When the resistance to the drill bit (5) continues to increase, the drill bit (5) is driven by the movable tube (19) to move upward and separate from the rock layer, and the drill bit (5) is moved out of the borehole by the driving device, the geological conditions of the borehole are re-surveyed, and a suitable drill bit (5) is re-selected to continue the drilling operation; S6: After the drilling is completed, the drill bit (5) is removed from the drill hole and the drill bit (5) is maintained for subsequent use.

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