Soft rock roadway surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting collaborative support control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soft rock roadway surrounding rock supporting, and discloses a soft rock roadway surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting cooperative supporting control system which comprises a pressure relief part and a grouting part, the grouting part conducts grouting reinforcement on soft rock roadway near-field surrounding rock, and pressure relief holes are evenly formed in the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock; the pressure relief piece comprises a steel pipe, the bottom end of the steel pipe is connected with a conveying pipe, the other end of the conveying pipe is connected with a high-pressure pump, and a buffering mechanism is arranged on the lower portion of the outer wall of the steel pipe and used for buffering when the steel pipe conducts pressure relief on the pressure relief hole through the high-pressure pump; a supporting mechanism is arranged on the outer wall, located in the pressure relief hole, of the steel pipe. Through cooperation of the pressure relief piece and the grouting piece, the stress of the soft rock roadway far-field surrounding rock is effectively released, the stability of the soft rock roadway near-field surrounding rock is further improved, and the cooperative control effect of pressure relief of the soft rock roadway far-field surrounding rock and grouting reinforcement of the near-field surrounding rock is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surrounding rock support for soft rock tunnels, and in particular to a surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system for soft rock tunnels. Background Art

[0002] Soft rocks can be classified according to their characteristics and the mechanism of significant plastic deformation. Generally speaking, soft rocks include geological soft rocks and engineering soft rocks.

[0003] Geological soft rock refers to loose, loose, soft and weak rock layers with low strength, large porosity, poor cementation, significant influence of structural surface cutting and weathering, or containing a large amount of expansive clay minerals. This type of rock is mostly mudstone, shale, siltstone and mud sandstone.

[0004] Engineering soft rock refers to the engineering rock mass that can produce significant plastic deformation under the action of engineering force. It emphasizes the size of the engineering mechanical load borne by the soft rock, and analyzes and grasps the relative essence of the soft rock from the contradictory unity of the strength of the soft rock and the engineering force load.

[0005] In terms of physical and mechanical properties, soft rock has relatively low shear and compressive strength, resulting in poor anti-sliding and bearing capacity. Soft rock has a small deformation modulus, which means it is easy to deform greatly when subjected to external forces. Clay minerals in soft rock soften and disintegrate when exposed to water, further reducing the mechanical properties of the rock. Soft rock has a significant rheological effect, that is, the deformation of the rock will gradually increase over time.

[0006] The choice of anchoring method is crucial to the stability of the roadway. An effective anchoring method can significantly improve the bearing capacity and stability of the roadway surrounding rock. However, even with an effective anchoring method, soft rock may still deform over time due to the redistribution of geological stress and load changes during the use of the roadway. Therefore, regular pressure relief can release the high stress inside the roadway surrounding rock and reduce the risk of deformation and damage to the surrounding rock. This is crucial to maintaining the long-term stability of the roadway.

[0007] In order to improve the stability of surrounding rock in soft rock tunnel, a pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system for surrounding rock in soft rock tunnel is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology, the present invention provides a soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system.

[0009] The present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting collaborative support control system, including a pressure relief component and a grouting component. The grouting component is used to grout and reinforce the near-field surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel. Pressure relief holes are evenly opened on the inner wall of the tunnel. The pressure relief component is used in the pressure relief hole to relieve pressure on the far-field surrounding rock.

[0010] Among them, the pressure relief part includes a steel pipe, the bottom end of the steel pipe is connected to a delivery pipe, and the other end of the delivery pipe is connected to a high-pressure pump. A buffer mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the outer wall of the steel pipe, which is used for buffering when the steel pipe uses the high-pressure pump to relieve pressure at the pressure relief hole. A supporting mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the steel pipe located in the pressure relief hole, which is used for activating the supporting mechanism to further support the soft rock in the pressure relief hole when the steel pipe slides under the reaction force, so as to ensure stability during pressure relief.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the buffer mechanism includes a round block fixed to the lower part of the outer wall of the steel pipe, the round block is coaxially arranged with the steel pipe, the lower part of the outer wall of the steel pipe is fixedly connected with a fixed block, the outer wall of the fixed block is circumferentially provided with a plurality of vertical sliding grooves, and the plurality of vertical sliding grooves are slidably connected with an external limit cylinder.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution, a strong spring is elastically connected between the bottom end of the external limit cylinder and the middle of the round block, and the strong spring is wound around the outer wall of the steel pipe, and the external limit cylinder is fixed to the outer end of the pressure relief hole.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the support mechanism includes a bottom support block inserted in the pressure relief hole, the bottom end of the bottom support block is fixedly connected to the top end of the external limit cylinder, and the bottom support block is coaxially arranged with the external limit cylinder, and the top end of the bottom support block is evenly fixedly connected with a plurality of vertical round rods, and the top ends of the plurality of round rods are fixedly connected with a top support block, the top support block is coaxially arranged with the steel pipe, and the top support block is slidably connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe, and the top end of the top support block is a pointed end.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above scheme, multiple groups of limit assemblies are evenly arranged in sequence at the round rod, and the limit assemblies include an adjusting block, which is composed of a movable circular plate and a fixed circular plate, and the adjacent ends of the movable circular plate and the fixed circular plate are both circumferentially fixedly connected with multiple sleeve plates, and the sleeve plates at the movable circular plate and the fixed circular plate are matched in position, wherein the movable circular plate is vertically slidably connected to the round rod and the movable circular plate is also fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe, the fixed circular plate is fixedly connected to the round rod and the fixed circular plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe, and the sleeve plates matched at the same place are a group.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, each group of the sleeves is rotatably connected to the hinged plate at one end, and the other end of each group of hinged plates is rotatably connected to sleeve two, and the outer end of each group of sleeve two is fixedly connected to an annular plate, each of the annular plates is coaxial with the steel pipe and arranged in an arc shape, a circular hole is opened in the middle of the outer wall of each annular plate, and side notches are symmetrically opened on the outside of the circular hole.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above scheme, each of the side grooves is relatively slidably connected with a side strip, the inner sides of the two side strips are fixedly connected with cones, the cones slide along the circumferential extension direction of the outer wall of the steel pipe, the inner end of each cone is provided with a thread, and a screw is threadedly connected to the cone, and the inner end of each screw is fixedly connected with a gear.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, each of the screws is slidably connected to a sliding sleeve near the gear, a vertical slot matching the screw is opened in the middle of the sliding sleeve, and one side of multiple gears is meshingly connected to a rack plate, and multiple rack plates are circumferentially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above solution, the top end of the steel pipe is the output end, and a guide nozzle is fixedly connected to the output end, and the diameter of the connection between the steel pipe and the inner wall of the guide nozzle gradually decreases to increase the flow rate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention utilizes the cooperation of pressure relief parts and grouting parts to effectively release the stress of the far-field surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel, further improve the stability of the near-field surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel, and achieve the coordinated control effect of pressure relief on the far-field surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel and grouting reinforcement of the near-field surrounding rock.

[0021] (ii) The present invention utilizes a support mechanism to automatically limit the soft rock area in the pressure relief hole during pressure relief operations, thereby ensuring the stability of the pressure relief equipment.

[0022] (III) The present invention utilizes the connection between the inner wall of the steel pipe and the inner wall of the guide nozzle, and the diameter is gradually reduced, so as to achieve a faster flow rate, which is conducive to the high-speed pump to transport water into the soft rock faster, and is conducive to releasing the stress in the soft rock area. It can also decide whether grouting is needed according to the actual situation, and finally further improve the stability of the surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure from top view;

[0025] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structural section along the AA direction;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the initial state of the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention in an expanded state;

[0030] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0031] Description of main symbols:

[0032] 1. Steel pipe; 2. Guide nozzle; 3. Round block; 4. Fixed block; 5. Vertical slide groove; 6. External limit cylinder; 7. Strong spring; 8. Bottom support block; 9. Round rod; 10. Top support block; 11. Movable circular plate; 12. Fixed circular plate; 13. Sleeve plate one; 14. Hinge plate; 15. Sleeve plate two; 16. Annular plate; 17. Side notch; 18. Side strip; 19. Cone; 20. Screw; 21. Gear; 22. Rack plate; 23. Sliding sleeve plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0034] Example 1: Please combine Figure 1-Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention is a soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting collaborative support control system, including a pressure relief component and a grouting component. The grouting component is used to anchor the near-field surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel. Pressure relief holes are evenly opened on the inner wall of the tunnel. The pressure relief component is used in the pressure relief hole to relieve pressure on the far-field surrounding rock.

[0035] Specifically, when construction workers are in the tunnel conducting grouting and pressure relief operations, they need to grout the near-field surrounding rock within the range of 0m to 10m to further stabilize the soft rock tunnel in this area; when performing pressure relief operations on the far-field surrounding rock more than 10m away, it is necessary to connect pressure relief parts and use high-pressure water to crush and relieve the pressure on the far-field surrounding rock, transfer and release the internal stress of the soft rock to deeper parts of the surrounding rock, and better coordinate to improve the stability of the surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel.

[0036] The pressure relief part includes a steel pipe 1, the bottom end of which is connected to a delivery pipe, and the other end of the delivery pipe is connected to a high-pressure pump. A buffer mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the outer wall of the steel pipe 1, which is used for buffering when the steel pipe 1 uses the high-pressure pump to relieve pressure at the pressure relief hole. A supporting mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the steel pipe 1 located in the pressure relief hole, which is used for activating the supporting mechanism to further support the soft rock in the pressure relief hole when the steel pipe 1 slides under the reaction force, so as to ensure stability during pressure relief.

[0037] The buffer mechanism includes a round block 3 fixed to the lower part of the outer wall of the steel pipe 1, the round block 3 is coaxially arranged with the steel pipe 1, and a fixed block 4 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the outer wall of the steel pipe 1. A plurality of vertical slide grooves 5 are circumferentially opened on the outer wall of the fixed block 4, and an external limiting cylinder 6 is slidably connected to the plurality of vertical slide grooves 5. A strong spring 7 is elastically connected to the bottom end of the external limiting cylinder 6 and the middle of the round block 3, and the strong spring 7 is wound around the outer wall of the steel pipe 1, and the external limiting cylinder 6 is fixed to the outer end of the pressure relief hole, wherein the inner wall of the external limiting cylinder 6 is clamped with the vertical slide groove 5 to prevent the fixed block 4 and the external limiting cylinder 6 from falling off, and as the strong spring 7 pushes the external limiting cylinder 6, the steel pipe 1 is driven back to its position.

[0038] The top of the steel pipe 1 is the output end, and the output end is fixedly connected with a guide nozzle 2, and the diameter of the connection between the steel pipe 1 and the inner wall of the guide nozzle 2 is gradually reduced to increase the flow rate.

[0039] The grouting parts include a grouting pump and a delivery pipeline, which are used to carry out grouting operations in the area that requires grouting. After the pressure relief hole has been depressurized, according to the actual situation of the soft rock area, it will be decided whether to use the grouting parts to grout the completed pressure relief hole to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel.

[0040] The implementation principle of a soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0041] After the equipment is connected to the high-pressure pump by means of a delivery pipe, the equipment is supported by a supporting member, which is a prior art device and includes a mobile lifting device and a fixing device, and is used to position and adjust the equipment and provide stable support.

[0042] Extend the guide nozzle 2 and the bottom support block 8 into the pressure relief hole, fix the equipment, start the high-pressure pump, and spray high-speed water along the steel pipe 1 to the guide nozzle 2 into the soft rock area in the pressure relief hole, impact the inside of the soft rock area, and release the stress caused by the deformation of the soft rock area. With the high-pressure flushing, the reaction force will push the steel pipe 1 to slide in the opposite direction of the conveying, slide downward under the connection of the vertical slide groove 5 and the external limit cylinder 6, and expand and contract with the support of the strong spring 7 and the round block 3.

[0043] When the high-pressure pump finishes delivering water and the flushing force is lost, the entire steel pipe 1 will be pushed back to its original position by the strong spring 7 to push the external limiting cylinder 6 and the guide nozzle 2 which is limited inside the external limiting cylinder 6 .

[0044] Example 2: Combination Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 Based on Example 1, this embodiment is further improved in that:

[0045] The supporting mechanism includes a bottom support block 8 inserted in the pressure relief hole, the bottom end of the bottom support block 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the external limit tube 6, and the bottom support block 8 is coaxially arranged with the external limit tube 6, and the top of the bottom support block 8 is evenly and fixedly connected with a plurality of vertical round rods 9, and the top of the plurality of round rods 9 is fixedly connected with a top support block 10, the top support block 10 is coaxially arranged with the steel pipe 1, and the top support block 10 is slidably connected with the outer wall of the steel pipe 1, the top of the top support block 10 is a pointed end, and a plurality of groups of limit assemblies are evenly arranged at the round rod 9 in sequence, and the limit assemblies include an adjusting block, and the adjusting block is composed of a movable circular plate 11 and a fixed circular plate 12, and the movable circular plate 11 and the fixed circular plate 12 are adjacent to each other at one end. There are multiple sets of plates 13 fixedly connected to the front and rear sides, and the positions of the sets of plates 13 at the movable circular plate 11 and the fixed circular plate 12 are matched, wherein the movable circular plate 11 is vertically slidably connected to the round rod 9 and the movable circular plate 11 is also fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe 1, the fixed circular plate 12 is fixedly connected to the round rod 9 and the fixed circular plate 12 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe 1, and the matching sets of plates 13 at the same place are a group, each set of sets of plates 13 is rotatably connected to the hinge plate 14, and the other end of each set of hinge plates 14 is rotatably connected to the sets of plates 2 15, and the outer end of each set of sets of plates 2 15 is fixedly connected to an annular plate 16, each annular plate 16 is coaxial with the steel pipe 1 and is arranged in an arc shape, and a circular hole is opened in the middle of the outer wall of each annular plate 16, The annular plate 16 is symmetrically provided with side notches 17 on the outside of the circular hole, and each side notch 17 is relatively slidably connected with a side strip 18, and the inner sides of the two side strips 18 are fixedly connected with a cone 19, and the cone 19 slides along the circumferential extension direction of the outer wall of the steel pipe 1, and the inner end of each cone 19 is provided with a thread, and a screw 20 is threadedly connected in the cone 19, and the inner end of each screw 20 is fixedly connected with a gear 21, and each screw 20 is slidably connected with a sliding sleeve plate 23 near the gear 21, and a vertical notch matching the screw 20 is provided in the middle of the sliding sleeve plate 23, which is used to ensure that the screw 20 can only slide vertically with the vertical notch of the sliding sleeve plate 23, and cannot move horizontally. A rack plate 22 is meshedly connected on one side of each gear 21, and multiple rack plates 22 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe 1 in the circumferential direction. Specifically, as the steel pipe 1 slides in another direction under the reaction force of the high-pressure pump, multiple movable circular plates 11 will be synchronously driven to move downward along the outer wall of the steel pipe 1, and the distance displacement change between the movable circular plate 11 and the fixed circular plate 12 will be utilized to quickly push the annular plate 16 to move outward under the hinge of the two hinged plates 14 and the sleeve plate 15, and abut against the soft rock. As the steel pipe 1 slides down, the rack plate 22 is meshed with the gear 21, so that the cone 19 can be driven to slide toward the outer end more quickly, and the sharp area at the outer end of the cone 19 can be used to position it with the soft rock.

[0046] The implementation principle of a soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0047] When the steel pipe 1 slides toward the round block 3 under the reaction force, a plurality of movable circular plates 11 and the rack plate 22 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe 1 are started synchronously, and the movable circular plate 11 will move vertically downward along the round rod 9, and when moving downward, the two hinged plates 14 can be used to push the annular plate 16 of the mechanism to slide outward as the movable circular plate 11 and the fixed circular plate 12 approach each other, and abut against the soft rock and be fixed, and when the rack plate 22 moves downward, it can synchronously drive the gear 21 meshing with the rack plate 22 to rotate, and make the screw 20 drive the cone 19 threadedly connected thereto to slide outward along the side notch 17, and finally penetrate into the soft rock area, thereby achieving further fixation and ensuring the stability of the pressure relief operation.

[0048] When the pressure relief operation is completed, the strong spring 7 will return to its original position elastically, causing the support mechanism to be reversely recovered, thereby releasing the limit with the soft rock and facilitating removal.

[0049] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting collaborative support control system, comprising a pressure relief component and a grouting component, wherein the grouting component performs grouting reinforcement on the near-field surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel, and pressure relief holes are evenly opened on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the pressure relief component is used in the pressure relief holes to perform pressure relief treatment on the far-field surrounding rock; Features: in, The pressure relief part includes a steel pipe, the bottom end of which is connected to a delivery pipe, and the other end of the delivery pipe is connected to a high-pressure pump. A buffer mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the outer wall of the steel pipe, which is used for buffering when the steel pipe uses the high-pressure pump to relieve pressure at the pressure relief hole. A supporting mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the steel pipe located in the pressure relief hole, which is used for activating the supporting mechanism to further support the soft rock in the pressure relief hole when the steel pipe slides under the reaction force, so as to ensure stability during pressure relief.

2. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism includes a round block fixed to the lower part of the outer wall of the steel pipe, the round block is coaxially arranged with the steel pipe, the lower part of the outer wall of the steel pipe is fixedly connected with a fixed block, the outer wall of the fixed block is circumferentially provided with a plurality of vertical sliding grooves, and the plurality of vertical sliding grooves are slidably connected with an external limiting cylinder.

3. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A strong spring is elastically connected between the bottom end of the external limiting cylinder and the middle of the round block, and the strong spring is wound around the outer wall of the steel pipe. The external limiting cylinder is fixed to the outer end of the pressure relief hole.

4. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes a bottom support block inserted in the pressure relief hole, the bottom end of the bottom support block is fixedly connected to the top end of the external limit cylinder, and the bottom support block and the external limit cylinder are coaxially arranged, the top end of the bottom support block is evenly fixedly connected to a plurality of vertical round rods, the top ends of the plurality of round rods are fixedly connected to a top support block, the top support block is coaxially arranged with the steel pipe, and the top support block is slidably connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe.

5. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The top end of the top support block is arranged as a pointed end.

6. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of limit assemblies are evenly arranged in sequence at the round rod, and the limit assemblies include an adjusting block, which is composed of a movable circular plate and a fixed circular plate, and the adjacent ends of the movable circular plate and the fixed circular plate are both circumferentially fixedly connected with a plurality of sleeve plates, and the sleeve plates at the movable circular plate and the fixed circular plate are matched in position, wherein the movable circular plate is vertically slidably connected to the round rod and the movable circular plate is also fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe, the fixed circular plate is fixedly connected to the round rod and the fixed circular plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe, and the sleeve plates matched at the same place are a group.

7. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: One end of each set of the sleeves is rotatably connected to a hinged plate, and the other end of each set of hinged plates is rotatably connected to sleeve plate two, the outer end of each set of sleeve plates two is fixedly connected to an annular plate, each of the annular plates is coaxial with the steel pipe and is arranged in an arc shape, a circular hole is opened in the middle of the outer wall of each annular plate, and side notches are symmetrically opened on the outside of the circular hole.

8. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A side strip is relatively slidably connected in each of the side slots, a cone is fixedly connected to the inner side of the two side strips, the cone slides along the circumferential extension direction of the outer wall of the steel pipe, a thread is provided on the inner end of each cone, and a screw is threadedly connected in the cone, and a gear is fixedly connected to the inner end of each screw.

9. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the screw rods is slidably connected to a sliding sleeve near the gear, a vertical slot matching the screw rod is opened in the middle of the sliding sleeve plate, and a rack plate is meshingly connected to one side of multiple gear rods, and multiple rack plates are circumferentially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe.

10. A soft rock tunnel surrounding rock pressure relief-grouting coordinated support control system as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The top end of the steel pipe is the output end, and a guide nozzle is fixedly connected to the output end, and the diameter of the connection between the steel pipe and the inner wall of the guide nozzle gradually decreases to increase the flow rate.

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