Underground powerhouse construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground powerhouse construction, in particular to an underground powerhouse construction method which comprises the following steps: joint construction of a ventilation hole and a traffic hole: excavating a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) starting hole by using drilling and blasting method equipment, starting from the TBM starting hole by a first motorized TBM, starting to construct the ventilation hole, and passing through a to-be-constructed powerhouse area; and finally, constructing the traffic tunnel and leaving the tunnel. Constructing a workshop top drilling-blasting method working face; constructing a drilling-blasting method working face at the bottom of the plant; constructing a slag sliding channel; a deslagging belt conveyor is arranged in a bottom cavity of the plant, the underground plant is excavated from top to bottom in a top cavity through a drilling and blasting method, and slag stones and water fall into the deslagging belt conveyor through a slag sliding channel and are finally conveyed out of the cavity through the deslagging belt conveyor. The top layer is excavated firstly, then the bottom layer is excavated, the top roadway and the bottom roadway are jointly ventilated, the ventilation efficiency is improved, and the working environment in the tunnel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground plant construction, and in particular to a construction method for an underground plant. Background Art

[0002] At present, the excavation of underground powerhouses is carried out in layers and blocks, and the layer height is controlled at 5 to 12 meters. The excavation of the first layer generally adopts a self-made drilling and blasting rig, a YT-28 hand pneumatic drill to drill holes, and millisecond differential blasting. Smooth blasting is used to excavate the permanent edge. Below the second layer, the middle groove is pre-split, and the protective layer is reserved. The crawler hydraulic drilling rig is used for step excavation, and the pre-split drilling rig constructs pre-split holes. The underground cavern has a large horizontal and vertical burial depth, and the construction channel directly connected to the outside is long. The use of traditional construction technology has problems such as long construction ventilation time, loose process connection, and high labor intensity of workers, and it is difficult to ensure personnel safety and construction quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground plant construction method to solve the technical problems of the prior art underground plant construction process, such as long ventilation time, loose process connection, and high labor intensity of workers. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0004] The present invention provides an underground plant construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Joint construction of ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel, specifically: using drilling and blasting equipment to excavate the TBM starting tunnel, the first mobile TBM starts from the TBM starting tunnel, starts to construct the ventilation tunnel, passes through the workshop area to be constructed, and finally constructs the traffic tunnel and exits the tunnel;

[0006] S2, the drilling and blasting working face on the top of the construction plant, specifically: using the second mobile TBM to construct the cavern on the top of the plant to provide a working face for the drilling and blasting method;

[0007] S3, drilling and blasting working face at the bottom of the construction plant, specifically: excavating a construction branch hole, and making the construction branch hole lead to the bottom of the plant to be constructed, using the third mobile TBM and the fourth mobile TBM to enter from the construction branch hole to construct the cavern at the bottom of the plant;

[0008] S4, constructing a slag channel, specifically: arranging the fifth mobile TBM in the cavern at the bottom of the powerhouse to construct a vertical shaft or inclined shaft from bottom to top to form a slag channel for drilling and blasting construction;

[0009] S5. Construction of factory building, specifically: arrange a slag conveyor in the cavern at the bottom of the factory building, excavate the underground factory building from top to bottom in the top cavern by drilling and blasting method, slag and water fall into the slag conveyor through the slag chute, and finally transported to the outside of the cave by the slag conveyor.

[0010] A further improvement of the underground factory building construction method of the present invention is that when constructing the ventilation tunnel, the construction is carried out along the middle position in the width direction of the factory building to be constructed and from the first end in the length direction of the factory building to be constructed. The ventilation tunnel includes a horizontal section and an inclined section. The horizontal section is constructed on the top of the factory building to be constructed until the middle position in the length direction of the factory building to be constructed, and then the inclined section is constructed until the second end position in the length direction of the factory building to be constructed and is located in the middle position in the height direction of the factory building to be constructed, and then the traffic tunnel is constructed and exits the tunnel.

[0011] A further improvement of the underground plant construction method of the present invention is that when using the second mobile TBM to construct the top cavern of the plant, a left top cavern and a right top cavern are constructed on the top of the plant to be constructed, and the left top cavern and the right top cavern are respectively located on both sides of the horizontal section.

[0012] A further improvement of the underground factory building construction method of the present invention is that when constructing the bottom cavern of the factory building, the left bottom cavern, the middle bottom cavern and the right bottom cavern are constructed at intervals, and the left bottom cavern, the middle bottom cavern and the right bottom cavern are made to correspond to the left top cavern, the ventilation cavern and the right top cavern respectively.

[0013] A further improvement of the underground factory building construction method of the present invention is that when constructing the slag chute, a first row of slag chute channels is constructed between the left bottom cavern and the left top cavern, a second row of slag chute channels is constructed between the middle bottom cavern and the ventilation tunnel, and a third row of slag chute channels is constructed between the right bottom cavern and the right top cavern.

[0014] A further improvement of the underground plant construction method of the present invention is that when constructing the first row of slag chute channels between the left bottom cavern and the left top cavern, multiple slag chute channels are constructed at intervals along the length direction of the bottom cavern.

[0015] A further improvement of the underground powerhouse construction method of the present invention is that when a slag conveyor is arranged in the bottom cavern of the powerhouse, the slag conveyor is arranged in the left bottom cavern, the middle bottom cavern and the right bottom cavern respectively.

[0016] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The underground plant construction method of the present invention adopts TBM and drilling and blasting method for joint construction, and utilizes the concept of fast construction speed of TBM to quickly form the drilling and blasting method working face and slag channel, first excavate the top layer and then the bottom layer, and jointly ventilate the top and bottom tunnels to improve ventilation efficiency and improve the working environment in the cave, thus solving the technical problems of long ventilation time, loose connection of working procedures and high labor intensity of workers in the construction process of underground plant in the prior art. The present invention accelerates the slag discharge speed of the later drilling and blasting method by coordinating the slag discharge channel and the belt conveyor, and has the advantages of fast construction of TBM, fast transfer of mobile TBM and flexible excavation of drilling and blasting method.

[0018] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is an overall front view of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is an overall side view of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a front view S1 of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a side view S1 of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a front view S2 of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a side view S2 of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a front view S3 of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a side view S3 of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a side view S4 of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 It is a front view S5 of the underground plant construction method of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.11 It is a side view S5 of the underground plant construction method of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. Factory building to be constructed; 2. Ventilation tunnel; 3. Traffic tunnel; 4. Top cavern on the left; 5. Top cavern on the right; 6. Slag chute; 7. Bottom cavern on the left; 8. Bottom cavern in the middle; 9. Bottom cavern on the right; 10. Drilling and blasting construction machinery; 11. Conveyor belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a construction method for an underground plant includes the following steps:

[0034] S1, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the ventilation tunnel 2 and the traffic tunnel 3 are jointly constructed, specifically: the TBM starting tunnel is excavated using drilling and blasting equipment, the first mobile TBM (mobile hard rock tunnel boring machine) starts from the TBM starting tunnel, starts to construct the ventilation tunnel 2, passes through the waiting workshop 1 area (providing an open surface for the drilling and blasting method), and finally constructs the traffic tunnel 3 and exits the tunnel;

[0035] S2, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the drilling and blasting working face on the top of the plant building is specifically: using the second mobile TBM to construct the top cavern of the plant building to provide a working face for the drilling and blasting method;

[0036] S3, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the drilling and blasting method working face at the bottom of the construction plant is specifically: excavating a construction branch hole, and making the construction branch hole lead to the bottom of the plant 1 to be constructed, using the third mobile TBM and the fourth mobile TBM to enter from the construction branch hole to construct the cavern at the bottom of the construction plant;

[0037] S4, such as Figure 1 and Fig. 9 As shown, the construction of the slag channel 6 is specifically as follows: a fifth mobile TBM is arranged in the cavern at the bottom of the powerhouse to construct a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft from bottom to top to form a slag channel 6 for construction by the drilling and blasting method;

[0038] S5, such as Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the construction of the factory building is specifically as follows: a slag conveyor 11 is arranged in the cavern at the bottom of the factory building, and an underground factory building is excavated from top to bottom in the top cavern by drilling and blasting method, and slag and water fall into the slag conveyor 11 through the slag chute 6, and finally transported to the outside of the cave by the slag conveyor 11.

[0039] Furthermore, S1, S2 and S3 of the present invention can be constructed simultaneously, using at least four mobile TBMs, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the underground powerhouse. The diameter of the fifth mobile TBM is smaller than that of the other mobile TBMs. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, when the underground powerhouse is excavated from top to bottom in the top cavern by the drilling and blasting method, multiple drilling and blasting construction machines 10 can be set up to carry out construction simultaneously. The present invention uses the first mobile TBM to enter from the ventilation hole 2 outside the powerhouse, and takes advantage of the fast excavation speed of the first mobile TBM to quickly form a drilling and blasting working face in the powerhouse. The slag channel 6 can take into account the functions of stress release holes and ventilation holes, thereby improving the ventilation effect and the safety of subsequent drilling and blasting construction.

[0040] Preferably, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when constructing the ventilation tunnel 2, the construction is carried out along the middle position of the width direction of the factory building 1 to be constructed and from the first end of the length direction of the factory building 1 to be constructed. The ventilation tunnel 2 includes a horizontal section and an inclined section. The horizontal section is constructed on the top of the factory building 1 to be constructed until the middle position of the length direction of the factory building 1 to be constructed, and then the inclined section is constructed until the second end position of the length direction of the factory building 1 to be constructed and located in the middle position of the height direction of the factory building 1 to be constructed, and then the traffic tunnel 3 is constructed and exits the tunnel. The present invention adopts the method of excavating the top layer first and then the bottom layer, and the top and bottom tunnels are ventilated together to improve the ventilation efficiency.

[0041] Preferably, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the second mobile TBM is used to construct the top cavern of the factory building, the left top cavern 4 and the right top cavern 5 are constructed on the top of the factory building 1 to be constructed, and the left top cavern 4 and the right top cavern 5 are respectively located on both sides of the horizontal section. Specifically, during construction, the second mobile TBM realizes the construction conversion between the left top cavern 4 and the right top cavern 5 by making a small turn. While constructing the left top cavern 4 and the right top cavern 5, the horizontal section is extended until the entire factory building area is covered.

[0042] Preferably, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, when constructing the bottom cavern of the factory building, the left bottom cavern 7, the middle bottom cavern 8 and the right bottom cavern 9 are constructed at intervals, and the left bottom cavern 7, the middle bottom cavern 8 and the right bottom cavern 9 are made to correspond to the left top cavern 4, the ventilation cavern 2 and the right top cavern 5 respectively.

[0043] Preferably, Figure 1 and Fig. 9As shown, when constructing the slag chute 6, the first row of slag chute channels 6 is constructed between the left bottom cavern 7 and the left top cavern 4, the second row of slag chute channels 6 is constructed between the middle bottom cavern 8 and the ventilation tunnel 2, and the third row of slag chute channels 6 is constructed between the right bottom cavern 9 and the right top cavern 5.

[0044] Preferably, when constructing the first row of slag chute 6 between the left bottom cavern 7 and the left top cavern 4, multiple slag chute 6 are constructed at intervals along the length direction of the bottom cavern. The second row of slag chute 6 and the third row of slag chute 6 both include multiple slag chute 6, so that when the entire factory building is constructed by drilling and blasting on the top of the factory building 1 to be constructed, the generated slag and gravel can fall onto the slag conveyor 11 through the slag chute 6, and then be transported out by the slag conveyor 11. This method of connecting up and down greatly improves the transportation efficiency of slag.

[0045] Preferably, when the slag conveyor 11 is arranged in the bottom cavern of the plant, the slag conveyor 11 is arranged in the left bottom cavern 7, the middle bottom cavern 8 and the right bottom cavern 9 respectively. Furthermore, a crushing mechanism is provided on the conveyor belt 11, and the slag and gravel falling from the slag channel 6 are crushed by the crushing mechanism and then fall on the conveyor belt 11, so as to avoid damage to the conveyor belt 11 caused by excessive gravel, and improve the life of the conveyor belt 11. The conveyor belt 11 can realize unmanned or automatic slag removal, and the discharge of slag and water through the slag channel 6 is completed by unmanned driving and remote control operation, and the slag pushing and drainage actions are completed.

[0046] The underground plant construction method of the present invention adopts TBM and drilling and blasting method for joint construction, and utilizes the concept of fast construction speed of TBM to quickly form the drilling and blasting method working face and slag channel 6, first excavate the top layer and then the bottom layer, and jointly ventilate the top and bottom lanes to improve ventilation efficiency and improve the working environment in the cave, thus solving the technical problems of long ventilation time, loose connection of working procedures and high labor intensity of workers in the construction process of underground plant in the prior art. The present invention accelerates the slag discharge speed of the later drilling and blasting method by cooperating with the slag channel 6 and the belt conveyor 11 for slag discharge, and has the advantages of fast construction of TBM, fast transfer of mobile TBM and flexible excavation of drilling and blasting method.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for an underground plant, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, the ventilation tunnel (2) and the traffic tunnel (3) are jointly constructed, specifically: the TBM starting tunnel is excavated using drilling and blasting equipment, the first mobile TBM starts from the TBM starting tunnel, starts to construct the ventilation tunnel (2), passes through the area of ​​the waiting workshop (1), and finally constructs the traffic tunnel (3) and exits the tunnel; S2, the drilling and blasting working face on the top of the construction plant, specifically: using the second mobile TBM to construct the cavern on the top of the plant to provide a working face for the drilling and blasting method; S3, drilling and blasting working face at the bottom of the construction plant, specifically: excavating a construction branch hole, and making the construction branch hole lead to the bottom of the plant to be constructed (1), using the third mobile TBM and the fourth mobile TBM to enter from the construction branch hole, and construct the cavern at the bottom of the plant; S4, constructing a slag channel (6), specifically: arranging a fifth mobile TBM in the cavern at the bottom of the powerhouse to construct a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft from bottom to top to form a slag channel (6) for construction using the drilling and blasting method; S5, construction of a factory building, specifically: arranging a slag conveyor (11) in the cavern at the bottom of the factory building, excavating the underground factory building from top to bottom in the cavern at the top by means of drilling and blasting, and allowing slag and water to fall into the slag conveyor (11) through the slag channel (6), and finally being transported out of the cave by the slag conveyor (11).

2. The underground plant construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When constructing the ventilation tunnel (2), the construction is carried out along the middle position in the width direction of the factory building (1) to be constructed and from the first end in the length direction of the factory building (1) to be constructed. The ventilation tunnel (2) includes a horizontal section and an inclined section. The horizontal section is constructed on the top of the factory building (1) to be constructed until the middle position in the length direction of the factory building (1) to be constructed, and then the inclined section is constructed until the second end position in the length direction of the factory building (1) to be constructed and located in the middle position in the height direction of the factory building (1) to be constructed. Then the traffic tunnel (3) is constructed and exits the tunnel.

3. The underground plant construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the second mobile TBM is used to construct the top cavern of the factory building, a left top cavern (4) and a right top cavern (5) are constructed on the top of the factory building (1) to be constructed, and the left top cavern (4) and the right top cavern (5) are respectively located on both sides of the horizontal section.

4. The underground plant construction method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When constructing the bottom cavern of the factory building, the left bottom cavern (7), the middle bottom cavern (8) and the right bottom cavern (9) are constructed at intervals, and the left bottom cavern (7), the middle bottom cavern (8) and the right bottom cavern (9) are made to correspond to the left top cavern (4), the ventilation cavern (2) and the right top cavern (5) respectively.

5. The underground plant construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When constructing the slag chute (6), the first row of slag chute (6) is constructed between the left bottom cavern (7) and the left top cavern (4), the second row of slag chute (6) is constructed between the middle bottom cavern (8) and the ventilation tunnel (2), and the third row of slag chute (6) is constructed between the right bottom cavern (9) and the right top cavern (5).

6. The underground plant construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: When constructing the first row of slag sluice channels (6) between the left bottom cavern (7) and the left top cavern (4), a plurality of slag sluice channels (6) are constructed at intervals along the length direction of the bottom cavern.

7. The underground plant construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the slag discharge belt conveyor (11) is arranged in the bottom cavern of the powerhouse, the slag discharge belt conveyor (11) is arranged in the left bottom cavern (7), the middle bottom cavern (8) and the right bottom cavern (9) respectively.

Images