An impact energy absorption device for the protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of coal mine safety technology and discloses an impact energy-absorbing device for the protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways, solving the problem of low stability. It includes two bases, each base having a top beam, each top beam having several adapter frames on its exterior, each adapter frame having several clamping frames fixed to its top, each clamping frame having a lower energy-absorbing rod at its upper end, each lower energy-absorbing rod having an energy-absorbing rod slidably connected inside, each support plate having an energy-absorbing spring on its exterior, each set of energy-absorbing rods having an energy-absorbing plate at its top, each adapter frame having a fixed track at its top, and each track having several feeding plates at its top. This invention utilizes the energy-absorbing spring to absorb the impact generated in the coal mine roadway after the axle pin breaks, thus providing time for the right and left hydraulic rods to react, ensuring the safety of the right and left hydraulic rods, and thereby improving the service life of the entire device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety technology, specifically an impact energy absorption device for the protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous exploitation of coal resources, the availability of shallow coal seams has significantly decreased, and coal mining has gradually moved towards deeper levels. The increased mining depth makes the geostress characteristics, surrounding rock stress state, coal body stress level, and occurrence environment of the coal seam particularly complex, leading to an increase in the frequency and intensity of rockbursts. When a rockburst occurs, the elastic deformation energy accumulated in the rock mass is suddenly and violently released, causing the rock to burst and generate a strong shock wave. This is often accompanied by instantaneous rock displacement, ejection, loud noises, and blast waves, resulting in lateral and vertical impacts on roadway support equipment. This can lead to support damage and failure, and in severe cases, complete roadway collapse and worker casualties. Therefore, to ensure the safety of hydraulic supports, energy-absorbing protection against impacts is usually necessary.

[0003] However, most existing hydraulic support protection devices only use springs or disc springs for energy absorption protection. However, due to the elasticity of springs, it is difficult to make the entire device fit tightly against the roadway, resulting in poor support effect. At the same time, most existing energy absorption devices require manual replacement of the pins during use, resulting in low replacement efficiency. Therefore, this invention proposes an impact energy absorption device for hydraulic support protection in coal mine roadways. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an impact energy absorption device for the protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways, which effectively solves the problems mentioned in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an impact energy absorption device for the protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways, comprising two bases, a right hydraulic rod fixed to the top of each base, a top beam hinged to the top of each right hydraulic rod, several adapter frames provided on the outside of each top beam, a shaft pin storage box fixed to the bottom of each adapter frame, an adapter plate provided on the inner side of the front end of each adapter frame, several clamping frames fixed to the top of each adapter frame, a support plate provided at the upper end of each clamping frame, a lower energy-absorbing rod fixed to the top of each support plate, an energy-absorbing rod slidably connected inside each lower energy-absorbing rod, an energy-absorbing spring provided on the outside of each support plate, and each energy-absorbing spring... The device has several protective shafts on the outside, each protective shaft has a protective plate on the outside, each protective plate has a protective frame on the outside, each energy-absorbing rod has a locking rod fixed to its top, each locking rod has a locking block inside, each locking block has a pressing block fixed to its top, each set of locking rods has an energy-absorbing plate slidably connected to its top, each adapter frame also has a track fixed to its top, each track has a vertical rod on its top, each vertical rod has an insert rod rotatably connected to its top via a pivot, each insert rod has a clamping rod fixed to its right end, each clamping rod has clamping reversing rods at both its front and rear ends, each clamping reversing rod has a clamping rod at its bottom, and each clamping rod has several feeding plates at its bottom.

[0006] Preferably, a controller is fixed to the top of the front base, a power supply is fixed to the left end of the controller, an adapter buckle is hinged to the top of each base, each adapter buckle is hinged to the top beam on its top, a left hydraulic rod is provided at the left end of each adapter buckle, the left hydraulic rod is hinged to the top beam on its top, and the two bases and the two top beams are hinged together by a connecting rod.

[0007] Preferably, the outer side of each top beam is tightly fitted to the adapter plate at one end, each adapter plate is fixed with a plurality of adapter rods, each adapter frame is fixed with an adapter bearing on its outer side, each adapter bearing has an adapter secondary gear fixed to its outer side of the inner ring, each adapter secondary gear is meshed with the adapter rod inside it, each group of adapter secondary gears is meshed with each other by a chain, each chain is meshed with an adapter main gear on its inner side, each adapter main gear is rotatably connected to an adapter motor on its inner side, and each adapter motor is fixedly connected to the adapter frame on its inner side.

[0008] Preferably, each adapter frame has an adapter frame controller fixed at its rear end, an adapter frame battery fixed at the right end of each adapter frame controller, a plurality of drop bar holes on each adapter frame, a door rotatably connected to the left end of each axle pin storage box, a door motor rotatably connected to the inside of each door, and each door motor fixedly connected to the axle pin storage box at one end.

[0009] Preferably, each adapter frame has several sets of buckles on its top, each buckle has a locking spring fixed inside, each locking spring is fixedly connected to the lower energy-absorbing rod inside it, and each buckle is slidably connected to the clamping frame at its outer end.

[0010] Preferably, each of the support plates is fixedly connected to the protective frame at its outer end, each of the support plates is also provided with a protective shaft track, a protective block is slidably connected inside each of the protective shaft tracks, each of the protective blocks is fixedly connected to the protective shaft at its top, a protective shaft spring is also provided at the outer end of each of the protective shafts, a plurality of protective rods are fixedly fixed to the outside of each of the protective plates, each of the protective plates is fixedly connected to the protective block at its bottom, and a protective spring is provided on the outside of each of the protective rods.

[0011] Preferably, each of the lower energy-absorbing rods has a splash guard fixed to its left end, a splash guard fixed to the top of each splash guard, a splash guard slidably connected to both the front and rear ends of each rod, a splash guard fixed to the inner side of each set of splash guards, a splash guard fixed to the outer side of each splash guard, a splash guard fixed to the outer side of each splash guard, a splash guard fixedly connected to the outer splash guard of each splash guard, and a shaft pin slidably connected to the upper end of each lower energy-absorbing rod.

[0012] Preferably, each of the upper locking rods has a plurality of locking shafts sliding inside, each locking shaft is provided with a locking shaft spring on the outside, each locking shaft is in close contact with the locking block on its inner side, each locking block has an upper locking spring fixed at its bottom, each upper locking spring is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing rod at its bottom, each energy absorbing rod has a support shaft fixed at its top, and each support shaft is slidably connected to the locking block at its outer end.

[0013] Preferably, each track has a rack fixed inside, each rack has a toothed disc track, each rack has a toothed disc meshing with its top, each toothed disc has a rotating shaft with a moving motor rotatably connected to its front end, each track has a positioning plate tightly fitted to its top, each positioning plate is fixedly connected to the vertical rod at its top, each positioning plate also has a pin box fixed to its top, each pin box has several replaceable pins inside, each pin box also has a pin moving plate slidably connected inside, each pin moving plate has two pin moving rods fixed to its right side, each set of pin moving rods has a connecting plate fixed to its right side, and each pin moving rod has a pin spring on its outside.

[0014] Preferably, each vertical rod has a clamping motor fixed at its front end, and each clamping motor is rotatably connected to the insert rod at its rear end via a rotating shaft. Each clamping rod has a clamping camera fixed at its right end, and a clamping reversing motor also fixed at its right end. Each clamping reversing motor is rotatably connected to the clamping reversing rod at its left end via a rotating shaft. Each clamping reversing rod has a clamping camera fixed at its outer end, and a feeding positioning plate fixed at its outer end. Each feeding positioning plate has several feeding rods slidably connected inside, and each feeding rod is fixedly connected to the feeding plate at its bottom. Each feeding rod also has a feeding spring on its exterior.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] This invention uses a shaft pin storage box to hold damaged shaft pins. The box door is driven by a motor, allowing for easy removal of damaged shaft pins from the storage box. This facilitates collection and remelting of the damaged pins into new replacement pins, reducing resource waste. Furthermore, the device utilizes a lower energy-absorbing rod, an energy-absorbing spring, and a movable energy-absorbing plate. This allows the energy-absorbing spring to absorb the impact generated in the coal mine roadway after a shaft pin breaks, providing time for the right and left hydraulic rods to react and ensuring their safety, thus extending the overall lifespan of the device.

[0017] The present invention uses an adapter motor to drive the adapter main gear to rotate, which in turn drives the chain to rotate, which in turn drives the adapter secondary gear to rotate, which in turn drives the adapter rod to move, which in turn drives the adapter plate to move, thereby adapting to top beams of different widths, thereby increasing the application range of the entire device, ensuring the stability of the adapter frame, ensuring the stability of the entire device, and ensuring the energy absorption effect.

[0018] The support plate of this invention is used to fix the lower energy-absorbing rod. At the same time, the buckle of this device can fix the clamping frame and the lower energy-absorbing rod by engaging with the through hole on the clamping frame, thereby ensuring the stability of the lower energy-absorbing rod while achieving detachability, thus improving the portability of the entire device. Meanwhile, the splash guard of this device can provide a force to the cut shaft pin, so that after the energy-absorbing rod is reset, the cut shaft pin falls along the through hole on the lower energy-absorbing rod into the interior of the lower energy-absorbing rod, and then falls into the shaft pin storage box through the rod drop hole, thereby preventing resource waste and preventing shaft pin fragments from flying, thus ensuring the safety of the entire device. At the same time, the splash guard can drive the splash guard plate to descend, thereby facilitating the installation of new replacement pins.

[0019] This invention utilizes the telescopic extension of the protective shaft to ensure its height aligns with the energy-absorbing plate, preventing the energy-absorbing spring from flying off upon impact and ensuring the safety and protective effect of the entire device. Simultaneously, the protective plate can be moved via the protective rod and spring, allowing the protective block to move along the protective shaft track. This ensures the protective shaft is in close contact with the energy-absorbing spring, aligning the spring's axis with the center of the lower energy-absorbing rod, thus guaranteeing the spring's support and the overall energy absorption effect of the device. Furthermore, the moving locking block pushes the pressing block, locking the upper locking rod against the energy-absorbing plate and ensuring the stability of the entire device.

[0020] The vertical rod of this invention is telescopic, which can drive the insertion rod to move up and down. Furthermore, the clamping motor can drive the insertion rod to rotate, thereby driving the clamping rod to rotate. The clamping rod can also extend and retract, thereby driving the clamping reversing rod to move. At the same time, the clamping rod can drive the feeding positioning plate to move, so that the feeding plate can clamp the replacement pin, thus facilitating the clamping of the replacement pin. The replacement pin can be transported into the through hole on the lower energy-absorbing rod. Meanwhile, due to the action of the feeding rod and the feeding spring, the clamping rod can easily insert the replacement pin into the lower energy-absorbing rod, thereby ensuring the stability of the energy-absorbing rod and ensuring replacement efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0022] In the attached diagram:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the right end of the entire invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adapter frame for the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear end of the adapter frame of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft pin storage box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the shaft pin storage box of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the upper part of the adapter frame of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the outer end of the adapter board of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper end of the track of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the upper end of the positioning plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the left end of the positioning plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the upper end of the vertical rod of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the outer end of the clamping rod of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the upper end of the clamping frame of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the locking rod of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the inner side of the blocking frame of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the blocking block of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the splash guard of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the energy-absorbing rod of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1-Base; 2-Adapter frame; 3-Clamping frame; 4-Energy-absorbing rod; 5-Adapter rod; 6-Protective frame; 7-Rail; 8-Vertical rod; 9-Insertion rod; 101-Controller; 102-Power supply; 103-Right hydraulic rod; 104-Adapter buckle; 105-Left hydraulic rod; 106-Connecting rod; 107-Top beam; 201-Adapter frame controller; 202-Adapter frame battery; 203-Energy-absorbing plate; 204-Door; 205-Door motor; 206 - Shaft pin storage box; 207- Drop rod hole; 301- Snap fastener; 302- Support plate; 303- Locking rod; 304- Locking rod spring; 401- Energy-absorbing spring; 402- Upper locking rod; 403- Lower energy-absorbing rod; 404- Locking shaft; 405- Locking block; 406- Pressing block; 407- Locking shaft spring; 408- Upper locking spring; 409- Supporting shaft; 410- Splash guard; 411- Splash guard plate; 412- Splash guard head; 413- Splash guard spring; 414- Splash guard Splash shaft; 415-Shaft pin; 501-Adaptor plate; 502-Adaptor for secondary gear; 503-Chain; 504-Adaptor for main gear; 505-Adaptor for motor; 506-Adaptor for bearing; 601-Guard rod; 602-Guard spring; 603-Guard plate; 604-Guard shaft; 605-Guard shaft spring; 606-Guard shaft track; 607-Guard block; 701-Rack; 702-Gear disc; 703-Gear disc track; 801-Positioning plate; 802- 803 - Moving motor; 804 - Pin box; 805 - Replace pin; 806 - Pin moving plate; 807 - Pin moving rod; 808 - Pin spring; 901 - Clamping motor; 902 - Clamping camera; 903 - Clamping rod; 904 - Clamping reversing motor; 905 - Clamping reversing rod; 906 - Clamping camera; 907 - Clamping rod; 908 - Feeding positioning plate; 909 - Feeding plate; 910 - Feeding rod; 911 - Feeding spring. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1, by Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 14The present invention discloses an impact energy absorption device for the protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways, comprising two bases 1, each base 1 being made of alloy material and supporting the entire device. A right hydraulic rod 103 is fixed to the top of each base 1, supporting a top beam 107. A top beam 107, also made of alloy material, is hinged to the top of each right hydraulic rod 103 and supports an adapter frame 2. Several adapter frames 2, also made of alloy material, are provided on the outside of each top beam 107 to support a track 7. A pin storage box 206 is fixed to the bottom of each adapter frame 2. Made of alloy material, the axle pin storage box 206 is used to hold damaged axle pins. Each adapter frame 2 has an adapter plate 501 on its inner front side, made of alloy material, used to clamp the top beam 107, thereby ensuring the stability of the adapter frame 2. Several clamping frames 3, made of alloy material, are fixed to the top of each adapter frame 2. The clamping frames 3 are used to position the support plate 302. Each clamping frame 3 has a support plate 302 at its upper end, made of alloy material, used to fix the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. A lower energy-absorbing rod 403 is fixed to the top of each support plate 302. Made of alloy material, the lower energy-absorbing rod 403 is used to position the energy-absorbing rod 4. Each lower energy-absorbing rod 403 has an energy-absorbing rod 4 slidably connected inside. The energy-absorbing rod 4 is also made of alloy material and supports the upper locking rod 402. Each support plate 302 is externally equipped with an energy-absorbing spring 401. The energy-absorbing spring 401 is elastic, allowing the energy-absorbing rod 4 to move away from the lower energy-absorbing rod 403 when not under force. Each energy-absorbing spring 401 is externally equipped with several protective shafts 604. The protective shafts 604 are telescopic, allowing their height to be consistent with the energy-absorbing plate 203, thus preventing the energy-absorbing spring 401 from flying off upon impact breakage and ensuring the safety of the entire device. Each of the protective shafts 604 is externally provided with a protective plate 603, which is made of alloy material. The protective plate 603 is used to block the protective shaft 604. Each protective plate 603 is externally provided with a protective frame 6, which is also made of alloy material. The protective frame 6 is used to position the protective rod 601. Each energy-absorbing rod 4 has a locking rod 402 fixed to its top, which is also made of alloy material. The locking rod 402 is used to position the locking block 405. Each locking rod 402 has a locking block 405 inside, which has a boss structure at its upper end. The locking block 405 is made of alloy material, and its movement can push the extrusion block 406 to move.This ensures that the locking rod 402 is locked to the energy-absorbing plate 203, thereby guaranteeing the stability of the entire device. Each locking block 405 has a pressing block 406 fixed to its top. Each set of locking rods 402 has an energy-absorbing plate 203 slidably connected to its top. The energy-absorbing plate 203 is made of alloy material and is used to support the coal mine roadway. Each adapter frame 2 also has a track 7 fixed to its top. The track 7 is made of alloy material and is used to position the rack 701. Each track 7 has a vertical rod 8 at its top, which is telescopic, allowing the insertion rod 9 to move up and down. Each vertical rod 8 has an insertion rod 9 rotatably connected to its top via a pivot. The insertion rod 9 is made of alloy material. 9 is used to position the clamping rod 903. Each insertion rod 9 has a clamping rod 903 fixed to its right end. The clamping rod 903 is telescopic, thereby driving the clamping reversing rod 905 to move. Each clamping rod 903 has clamping reversing rods 905 at both its front and rear ends. The clamping reversing rods 905 are made of alloy material and are used to position the clamping rod 907. Each clamping reversing rod 905 has a clamping rod 907 at its bottom. The clamping rod 907 is telescopic, thereby driving the feeding positioning plate 908 to move. Each clamping rod 907 has several feeding plates 909 at its bottom. The feeding plates 909 are made of alloy material and are used to clamp the replacement pin 804.

[0046] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 9As shown, a controller 101 is fixed to the top of the front base 1. The controller 101 is used to control the entire device. A power supply 102 is fixed to the left end of the controller 101. The power supply 102 provides the necessary power to the entire device. Each base 1 has an adapter buckle 104 hinged to its top. Each adapter buckle 104 is hinged to the top beam 107 on its top. Each adapter buckle 104 has a left hydraulic rod 105 at its left end. The left hydraulic rod 105 is hinged to the top beam 107 on its top. The two bases 1 and the two top beams 107 are hinged together by a connecting rod 106. The outer side of each top beam 107 is connected to the adapter plate 5 at one end. 01. A tight fit is achieved. Each adapter plate 501 is fixed with several adapter rods 5. The adapter rods 5 can move the adapter plate 501 back and forth by moving, thereby adapting to the top beam 107 of different widths and improving the overall usability of the device. Each adapter frame 2 has an adapter bearing 506 fixed to its outer side. The adapter bearing 506 is used to position the adapter secondary gear 502. An adapter secondary gear 502 is fixed to the outer side of the inner ring of each adapter bearing 506. The adapter secondary gear 502 can move the adapter rods 5 by rotating. Each adapter secondary gear 502 meshes with the adapter rods 5 inside it. Each set of adapter secondary gears 5... The components 02 are connected by meshing chains 503. Each chain 503 has an inner meshing main gear 504 that can drive the chain 503 to rotate. Each main gear 504 has an inner rotatable adapter motor 505 that can drive the main gear 504 to rotate. Each adapter motor 505 is fixedly connected to its inner adapter frame 2. Each adapter frame 2 has an adapter frame controller 201 fixed to its rear end. The adapter frame controller 201 controls the top mechanism of the adapter frame 2. Each adapter frame controller 201 has an adapter frame battery 202 fixed to its right end. The adapter battery 202 provides the necessary power to the top mechanism of the adapter 2. Each adapter 2 is provided with several drop pin holes 207, which facilitate the dropping of the pin 415. Each pin storage box 206 is rotatably connected to a door 204 at its left end. The door 204 can ensure the airtightness of the pin storage box 206. Each door 204 is rotatably connected to a door motor 205 inside. The door motor 205 can drive the door 204 to rotate, thereby facilitating the removal of the pin 415 inside the pin storage box 206. Each door motor 205 is fixedly connected to one end of the pin storage box 206.

[0047] When using this device, the operator moves the entire device into a coal mine roadway. At this time, the controller 101 controls the right hydraulic rod 103, the adapter buckle 104, the left hydraulic rod 105, and the connecting rod 106 to work together to move the top beam 107. The operator then attaches several adapter frames 2 to the outside of the top beam 107, enabling the adapter frame controller 201 to communicate with the controller 101. Simultaneously, the adapter frame battery 202 is electrically connected to the power supply 102. Furthermore, the adapter frame controller 201 controls the adapter motor 505 to operate, thereby driving the adapter main gear 504 to rotate, which in turn drives the chain 503 to rotate, which in turn drives the adapter secondary gear 502 to rotate, thereby driving the... The adapter rod 5 moves, thereby moving the adapter plate 501, so that the adapter plate 501 is in close contact with the top beam 107, thus ensuring the stability of the adapter frame 2 and improving the usability of the entire device. When the shaft pin 415 falls into the lower energy-absorbing rod 403, it falls into the shaft pin storage box 206 due to inertia along the drop rod hole 207. After the replacement work is completed, the staff takes out the adapter frame 2, and then the adapter frame controller 201 controls the box door motor 205 to work, thereby driving the box door 204 to rotate, thereby opening the shaft pin storage box 206, so that the shaft pin 415 inside the shaft pin storage box 206 can be taken out, thus facilitating the melting of the damaged shaft pin 415.

[0048] Example 3, based on Example 1, is... Figure 7 , Figures 15-20Each adapter 2 is provided with several sets of buckles 301 on its top. The buckles 301 are made of alloy material. The buckles 301 engage with through holes on the clamping frame 3 to fix the clamping frame 3 and the lower energy-absorbing rod 403, thus ensuring the stability of the lower energy-absorbing rod 403 while allowing for detachment, thereby improving the portability of the entire device. Each buckle 301 has a locking spring 304 fixed inside. The locking spring 304 is elastic, ensuring the buckle 301 engages with the clamping frame 3. Each locking spring 304 is fixedly connected to the lower energy-absorbing rod 403 inside it, and each buckle 301 is slidably connected to the clamping frame 3 at its outer end. Each support plate 302... Each of the support plates 302 is fixedly connected to the protective frame 6 at its outer end. Each protective plate 302 is also provided with a protective shaft track 606, which provides a moving path for the protective block 607. A protective block 607 is slidably connected inside each protective shaft track 606. The protective block 607 is made of alloy material and is used to fix the protective shaft 604. Each protective block 607 is fixedly connected to the protective shaft 604 at its top. Each protective shaft 604 is also provided with a protective shaft spring 605 at its outer end. The protective shaft spring 605 is elastic, ensuring that the upper end of the protective shaft 604 is in close contact with the energy-absorbing plate 203, thereby ensuring that the upper end of the protective shaft 604 is in close contact with the energy-absorbing spring 404. 1. Consistent height ensures effective protection. Each protective plate 603 is externally fixed with several protective rods 601. Each protective plate 603 is fixedly connected to its bottom protective block 607. The protective rods 601 are made of alloy material and are used to position the protective plates 603. Each protective rod 601 is externally equipped with a protective spring 602, which is elastic, ensuring the protective shaft 604 is in close contact with the energy-absorbing spring 401. A splash guard 410 is fixed to the left end of each lower energy-absorbing rod 403. The splash guard 410 is telescopic, allowing the splash guard 411 to rise and fall. A splash guard 411 is fixed to the top of each splash guard 410. 411 is used to position the splash guard 414. Each of the front and rear ends is slidably connected to the splash guard 414. The splash guard 414 is made of alloy material. The splash guard 414 is used to position the splash guard head 412. A splash guard head 412 is fixed inside each set of splash guard shafts 414. The splash guard head 412 has a boss structure. The splash guard head 412 can push the cut shaft pin 415 into the lower energy-absorbing rod 403, thereby facilitating the installation of the replacement pin 804. A splash guard spring 413 is fixed to the outside of each splash guard head 412. The splash guard spring 413 is elastic, thereby providing the required force to the splash guard head 412. Each splash guard spring 413 is fixedly connected to the splash guard plate 411 on its outer side.Each lower energy-absorbing rod 403 has a slidably connected upper end to a pivot pin 415, which is made of alloy material and supports the energy-absorbing rod 4. Each upper locking rod 402 has several locking shafts 404 slidably mounted inside, which are also made of alloy material and lock the upper locking rod 402 to the energy-absorbing plate 203. Each locking shaft 404 has an external locking spring 407, which is elastic, ensuring that the locking shaft 404 fits tightly against the hole in the energy-absorbing plate 203. The shaft 404 is in close contact with the locking block 405 on its inner side. Each locking block 405 has an upper locking spring 408 fixed to its bottom. The upper locking spring 408 is elastic, allowing the locking block 405 to move away from the upper end of the energy-absorbing rod 4 when no force is applied. The bottom of each upper locking spring 408 is fixedly connected to the energy-absorbing rod 4. Each energy-absorbing rod 4 has a support shaft 409 fixed to its top. The support shaft 409 is made of alloy material and is used to position the locking block 405. Each support shaft 409 is slidably connected to the locking block 405 at its outer end.

[0049] When the adapter frame 2 is installed, the operator presses the locking rod 303, causing the buckle 301 to move inward. The operator then inserts the lower energy-absorbing rod 403 into the clamping frame 3. At this point, due to the action of the locking rod spring 304 and the locking rod 303, the buckle 301 moves outward, thus clamping the clamping frame 3. This ensures that the support plate 302 and the clamping frame 3 are in close contact, guaranteeing the stability of the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. The operator then pulls open the protective rod 601, causing the protective shaft 604 to move outward. The operator then places the energy-absorbing spring 401 outside the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. The operator then releases the protective rod 601. Due to the action of the protective spring 602, the protective block 607 moves along the protective shaft track 606, causing the protective shaft 604 to be in close contact with the energy-absorbing spring 401, thus ensuring the stability of the energy-absorbing spring 403. After the staff has installed several energy-absorbing rods 4 in sequence, they insert the energy-absorbing plate 203 into the outside of the energy-absorbing plate 203. At this time, the staff presses the squeezing block 406, causing the locking block 405 to descend. Due to the action of the locking shaft spring 407, the squeezing block 406 moves inward, making the energy-absorbing plate 203 and the energy-absorbing rod 4 fit tightly together. Then, due to the action of the upper locking spring 408, the locking block 405 rises, causing the locking shaft 404 to move outward, making the upper locking rod 402 fit tightly together with the energy-absorbing plate 203, thus making the energy-absorbing rod 4 fit tightly together with the energy-absorbing plate 203. At this time, due to the action of the energy-absorbing spring 401 and the locking block 405, the protective shaft 604 fits tightly with the energy-absorbing plate 203, while the energy-absorbing rod 4 moves away from the lower energy-absorbing rod 403, thus facilitating the installation of the replacement pin 804.

[0050] Example 4, based on Example 1, is... Figures 11-13Each track 7 has a rack 701 fixed inside, which provides a moving path for the gear disc 702. Each rack 701 has a gear disc track 703, which provides a moving path for the rotating shaft of the gear disc 702. The top of each rack 701 is engaged with the gear disc 702. The rotation of the gear disc 702 allows the positioning plate 801 to move along the track 7. The front end of the rotating shaft of each gear disc 702 is rotatably connected to a moving motor 802, which can drive the gear disc 702 to rotate. The top of each track 7 is tightly fitted with a positioning plate 801, which is made of alloy material and is used to position the vertical rod. 8. Each positioning plate 801 is fixedly connected to the vertical rod 8 at its top. A pin box 803 is also fixed to the top of each positioning plate 801. The pin box 803 is made of alloy material and is used to hold the replacement pins 804. Each pin box 803 contains several replacement pins 804, which are used to replace damaged axle pins 415. A pin moving plate 805, made of alloy material, is also slidably connected inside each pin box 803. The pin moving plate 805 is used to position the replacement pins 804. Two pin moving rods 807 are fixed to the right side of each pin moving plate 805. Made of alloy material, the pin moving rod 807 is used to position the pin moving plate 805. A connecting plate 806, also made of alloy material, is fixed to the right side of each set of pin moving rods 807. The connecting plate 806 connects two pin moving rods 807. Each pin moving rod 807 is externally equipped with a pin spring 808, which is elastic, ensuring that the pin moving plate 805 is tightly attached to the replacement pin 804. A clamping motor 901 is fixed to the front end of each vertical rod 8. The clamping motor 901 can drive the insertion rod 9 to rotate. Each clamping motor 901 is rotatably connected to the insertion rod 9 at its rear end via a rotating shaft. Each clamping rod 903 has a right... Each clamping rod 903 has a clamping camera 902 fixed at one end, used to monitor the position of the replacement pin 804. Each clamping rod 903 also has a clamping reversing motor 904 fixed at its right end, which can drive the clamping reversing rod 905 to rotate. Each clamping reversing motor 904 is rotatably connected to the clamping reversing rod 905 at its left end via a rotating shaft. Each clamping reversing rod 905 has a clamping camera 906 fixed at its outer end, used to monitor the position of the clamping rod 907. Each clamping rod 907 has a feeding positioning plate 908 fixed at its outer end, made of alloy material, used to position the feeding rod 910.Each of the feeding positioning plates 908 has several feeding rods 910 slidably connected inside. The feeding rods 910 are made of alloy material and are used to position the feeding plate 909. Each feeding rod 910 is fixedly connected to the feeding plate 909 at its bottom. Each feeding rod 910 is also externally equipped with a feeding spring 911. The feeding spring 911 is elastic, thus facilitating the insertion of the replacement pin 804 into the through hole on the lower energy-absorbing rod 403.

[0051] Furthermore, the adapter controller 201 controls the moving motor 802 to operate, thereby driving the gear plate 702 to rotate, which in turn causes the positioning plate 801 to move along the track 7, thus making the vertical rod 8 movable. Further, the adapter controller 201, through the cooperation of the vertical rod 8, the clamping motor 901, and the clamping reversing motor 904, can move the clamping reversing rod 905 to the top of the replacement pin 804. At this time, the adapter controller 201, through the vertical rod 8, makes the clamping rod 907 tightly contact the replacement pin 804. Then, the adapter controller 201 controls the clamping rod 907 to operate, thereby driving the feeding plate 909 to move, thus making the positioning plate 801 movable. The feeding plate 909 clamps the replacement pin 804. At this time, the adapter controller 201, through the moving motor 802, the vertical rod 8, the clamping motor 901, the clamping rod 903, and the clamping reversing motor 904, can transport the replacement pin 804 to the through hole of the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. The adapter controller 201 can monitor the position of the replacement pin 804 through the clamping camera 902 and the clamping camera 906. Due to the removal of the replacement pin 804, the pin moving rod 807 and the pin spring 808 cooperate to move the pin moving plate 805, thereby ensuring the stability of the replacement pin 804. Furthermore, the adapter controller 201... 1. Control the extension of the clamping rod 903 to insert the replacement pin 804 into the through hole of the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. When the replacement pin 804 moves to its end, the feeding plate 909 can be moved due to the action of the feeding rod 910 and the feeding spring 911, thus ensuring that the replacement pin 804 is flush with the outer surface of the lower energy-absorbing rod 403, thereby ensuring the installation effect of the replacement pin 804. At this time, the adapter controller 201 controls the extension of the splash guard 410, thereby causing the splash guard 411 to rise, thereby causing the splash guard head 412 to be tightly attached to the shaft pin 415. After the installation of the entire device is completed, the controller 101 controls the extension of the right hydraulic rod 103, the... The adapter buckle 104 and the left hydraulic rod 105 cause the top beam 107 to rise, thereby making the energy-absorbing plate 203 fit tightly against the coal mine roadway, thus ensuring the stability of the entire device. When the coal mine roadway collapses, if the energy-absorbing plate 203 is subjected to a large impact, the energy-absorbing rod 4 descends, causing the shaft pin 415 to be cut off. At this time, the energy-absorbing rod 4 descends, and the energy-absorbing spring 401 absorbs and buffers the energy, thus providing reaction time for the controller 101, and thus providing reaction time for the right hydraulic rod 103 and the left hydraulic rod 105 to retract, thereby ensuring the service life of the entire device. At this time, the shaft pin 415 falls into the shaft pin storage box 206. At the same time, if the energy-absorbing spring 401 breaks...Because the protective shaft 604 prevents the energy-absorbing spring 401 from splashing, when workers clear fallen debris, the energy-absorbing rod 4 rises due to the action of the energy-absorbing spring 401. At this time, the splash-proof head 412 moves due to the action of the splash-proof shaft 414 and the splash-proof spring 413, thereby conveying the broken end of the shaft pin 415 into the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. Furthermore, the adapter controller 201 controls the entire device to reinstall the replacement pin 804, thereby achieving automation and improving the service life of the entire device.

[0052] The workflow of this invention is as follows: When using this device, the operator moves the entire device into a coal mine roadway. At this time, the controller 101 controls the right hydraulic rod 103, the adapter buckle 104, the left hydraulic rod 105, and the connecting rod 106 to work together to move the top beam 107. The operator then attaches several adapter frames 2 to the outside of the top beam 107, enabling the adapter frame controller 201 to communicate with the controller 101. Simultaneously, the adapter frame battery 202 is electrically connected to the power supply 102. Furthermore, the adapter frame controller 201 controls the adapter motor 505 to operate, thereby driving the adapter main gear 504 to rotate, which in turn drives the chain 503 to rotate, thus driving the adapter... The secondary gear 502 rotates, thereby moving the adapter rod 5, which in turn moves the adapter plate 501, causing the adapter plate 501 to fit tightly against the top beam 107. This ensures the stability of the adapter frame 2 and improves the overall usability of the device. When the adapter frame 2 is installed, the operator presses the locking rod 303, causing the buckle 301 to move inward. The operator then inserts the lower energy-absorbing rod 403 into the clamping frame 3. At this point, due to the action of the locking rod spring 304 and the locking rod 303, the buckle 301 moves outward, clamping the clamping frame 3. This ensures that the support plate 302 and the clamping frame 3 are tightly fitted, thus ensuring the stability of the adapter frame 2 and improving the usability of the entire device. To stabilize the energy-absorbing rod 403, the worker pulls open the protective rod 601, causing the protective shaft 604 to move outward. The worker then places the energy-absorbing spring 401 outside the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. Releasing the protective rod 601 causes the protective block 607 to move along the protective shaft track 606 due to the action of the protective spring 602, ensuring the protective shaft 604 is in close contact with the energy-absorbing spring 401 and thus guaranteeing its stability. After installing several energy-absorbing rods 4 in sequence, the worker inserts the energy-absorbing plate 203 outside the energy-absorbing plate 203. Then, the worker presses the pressing block 406, causing the locking block 405 to engage. As the shaft descends, the pressing block 406 moves inward due to the action of the locking spring 407, causing the energy-absorbing plate 203 to be in close contact with the energy-absorbing rod 4. When the operator releases the pressing block 406, the locking block 405 rises due to the action of the upper locking spring 408, causing the locking shaft 404 to move outward. This causes the upper locking rod 402 to be in close contact with the energy-absorbing plate 203, and consequently, the energy-absorbing rod 4 to be in close contact with the energy-absorbing plate 203. At this point, the energy-absorbing spring 401 and the locking block 405 ensure that the protective shaft 604 is in close contact with the energy-absorbing plate 203 while simultaneously moving the energy-absorbing rod 4 away from the lower energy-absorbing rod 403, thus facilitating the installation of the replacement pin 804.Furthermore, the adapter controller 201 controls the moving motor 802 to operate, thereby driving the gear plate 702 to rotate, which in turn causes the positioning plate 801 to move along the track 7, thus making the vertical rod 8 movable. Further, the adapter controller 201, through the cooperation of the vertical rod 8, the clamping motor 901, and the clamping reversing motor 904, can move the clamping reversing rod 905 to the top of the replacement pin 804. At this time, the adapter controller 201, through the vertical rod 8, makes the clamping rod 907 tightly contact the replacement pin 804. Then, the adapter controller 201 controls the clamping rod 907 to operate, thereby driving the feeding plate 909 to move, thus making the positioning plate 801 movable. The feeding plate 909 clamps the replacement pin 804. At this time, the adapter controller 201, through the moving motor 802, the vertical rod 8, the clamping motor 901, the clamping rod 903, and the clamping reversing motor 904, can transport the replacement pin 804 to the through hole of the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. The adapter controller 201 can monitor the position of the replacement pin 804 through the clamping camera 902 and the clamping camera 906. Due to the removal of the replacement pin 804, the pin moving rod 807 and the pin spring 808 cooperate to move the pin moving plate 805, thereby ensuring the stability of the replacement pin 804. Furthermore, the adapter controller 201... 1. Control the extension of the clamping rod 903 to insert the replacement pin 804 into the through hole of the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. When the replacement pin 804 moves to its end, the feeding plate 909 can be moved due to the action of the feeding rod 910 and the feeding spring 911, thus ensuring that the replacement pin 804 is flush with the outer surface of the lower energy-absorbing rod 403, thereby ensuring the installation effect of the replacement pin 804. At this time, the adapter controller 201 controls the extension of the splash guard 410, thereby causing the splash guard 411 to rise, thereby causing the splash guard head 412 to be tightly attached to the shaft pin 415. After the installation of the entire device is completed, the controller 101 controls the extension of the right hydraulic rod 103, the... The adapter buckle 104 and the left hydraulic rod 105 cause the top beam 107 to rise, thereby making the energy-absorbing plate 203 fit tightly against the coal mine roadway, thus ensuring the stability of the entire device. When the coal mine roadway collapses, if the energy-absorbing plate 203 is subjected to a large impact, the energy-absorbing rod 4 descends, causing the shaft pin 415 to be cut off. At this time, the energy-absorbing rod 4 descends, and the energy-absorbing spring 401 absorbs and buffers the energy, thus providing reaction time for the controller 101, and thus providing reaction time for the right hydraulic rod 103 and the left hydraulic rod 105 to retract, thereby ensuring the service life of the entire device. At this time, the shaft pin 415 falls into the shaft pin storage box 206. At the same time, if the energy-absorbing spring 401 breaks...Because the protective shaft 604 prevents the energy-absorbing spring 401 from splashing, when workers clear fallen debris, the energy-absorbing spring 401 causes the energy-absorbing rod 4 to rise. At this time, the splash-proof shaft 414 and the splash-proof spring 413 cause the splash-proof head 412 to move, thereby conveying the broken end of the shaft pin 415 to the lower energy-absorbing rod 403. Furthermore, the adapter controller 201 controls the entire device to reinstall the replacement pin 804, thus achieving automation and improving the service life of the entire device. After the replacement is completed, workers remove the adapter 2, and the adapter controller 201 controls the door motor 205 to rotate, causing the door 204 to open, opening the shaft pin storage box 206 and allowing the shaft pin 415 inside to be removed, facilitating the melting of the damaged shaft pin 415.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0054] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An impact energy absorption device for the protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways, characterized in that: The system includes two bases (1), each base (1) has a right hydraulic rod (103) fixed to its top, a top beam (107) hinged to the top of each right hydraulic rod (103), several adapter frames (2) on the outside of each top beam (107), a shaft pin storage box (206) fixed to the bottom of each adapter frame (2), an adapter plate (501) on the inner side of the front end of each adapter frame (2), several clamping frames (3) fixed to the top of each adapter frame (2), a support plate (302) on the upper end of each clamping frame (3), a lower energy-absorbing rod (403) fixed to the top of each support plate (302), an energy-absorbing rod (4) slidably connected inside each lower energy-absorbing rod (403), an energy-absorbing spring (401) on the outside of each support plate (302), several protective shafts (604) on the outside of each energy-absorbing spring (401), and a protective shaft (604) on the outside of each protective shaft (604). The protective plate (603) is provided with a protective frame (6) on the outside of each protective plate (603). Each energy-absorbing rod (4) is fixed with a locking rod (402) at the top. Each locking rod (402) is provided with a locking block (405) inside. Each locking block (405) is fixed with a squeezing block (406) at the top. Each set of locking rods (402) is slidably connected with an energy-absorbing plate (203) at the top. Each adapter frame (2) is also fixed with a track (7) at the top. Each track (7) is provided with a vertical rod (8) at the top. Each vertical rod (8) is rotatably connected with an insertion rod (9) at the top through a rotating shaft. Each insertion rod (9) is fixed with a clamping rod (903) at the right end. Each clamping rod (903) is provided with a clamping reversing rod (905) at both the front and rear ends. Each clamping reversing rod (905) is provided with a clamping rod (907) at the bottom. Each clamping rod (907) is provided with several feeding plates (909) at the bottom. Each of the upper locking rods (402) has several locking shafts (404) sliding inside. Each locking shaft (404) is provided with a locking shaft spring (407) on the outside. Each locking shaft (404) is in close contact with the locking block (405) on its inner side. Each locking block (405) has an upper locking spring (408) fixed at its bottom. The bottom of each upper locking spring (408) is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing rod (4). Each energy absorbing rod (4) has a support shaft (409) fixed at its top. Each support shaft (409) is slidably connected to the locking block (405) at its outer end.

2. The impact energy absorption device for protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: A controller (101) is fixed to the top of the front base (1). A power supply (102) is fixed to the left end of the controller (101). An adapter buckle (104) is hinged to the top of each base (1). Each adapter buckle (104) is hinged to the top beam (107) on its top. A left hydraulic rod (105) is provided at the left end of each adapter buckle (104). The left hydraulic rod (105) is hinged to the top beam (107) on its top. The two bases (1) and the two top beams (107) are hinged together by a connecting rod (106).

3. The impact energy absorption device for protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the top beams (107) is tightly fitted to the adapter plate (501) at one end on its outer side. Each adapter plate (501) is fixed with several adapter rods (5). Each adapter frame (2) is fixed with an adapter bearing (506) on its outer side. Each adapter bearing (506) is fixed with an adapter secondary gear (502) on its outer side. Each adapter secondary gear (502) is meshed with the adapter rod (5) inside it. Each set of adapter secondary gears (502) is meshed with each other through a chain (503). Each chain (503) is meshed with an adapter main gear (504) on its inner side. Each adapter main gear (504) is rotatably connected to an adapter motor (505) on its inner side. Each adapter motor (505) is fixedly connected to the adapter frame (2) on its inner side.

4. The impact energy absorption device for protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each adapter (2) is fixed with an adapter controller (201) at its rear end. Each adapter controller (201) is fixed with an adapter battery (202) at its right end. Each adapter (2) is provided with several drop pin holes (207). Each shaft pin storage box (206) is rotatably connected to a door (204) at its left end. Each door (204) is rotatably connected to a door motor (205) on its inner side. Each door motor (205) is fixedly connected to the shaft pin storage box (206) at one end of its body.

5. The impact energy absorption device for protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each adapter (2) has several sets of buckles (301) on its top. Each buckle (301) has a locking spring (304) fixed inside. Each locking spring (304) is fixedly connected to the lower energy-absorbing rod (403) inside it. Each buckle (301) is slidably connected to the clamping frame (3) at its outer end.

6. The impact energy absorption device for protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the support plates (302) is fixedly connected to the protective frame (6) at its outer end. Each of the support plates (302) is also provided with a protective shaft track (606). A protective block (607) is slidably connected inside each of the protective shaft tracks (606). Each of the protective blocks (607) is fixedly connected to the protective shaft (604) at its top. A protective shaft spring (605) is also provided at the outer end of each of the protective shafts (604). Several protective rods (601) are fixedly fixed to the outside of each of the protective plates (603). Each of the protective plates (603) is fixedly connected to the protective block (607) at its bottom. A protective spring (602) is provided on the outside of each of the protective rods (601).

7. The impact energy absorption device for protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the lower energy-absorbing rods (403) has a splash guard (410) fixed to its left end, a splash guard plate (411) fixed to the top of each of the splash guards (410), a splash guard shaft (414) slidably connected to both the front and rear ends of each of the rods, a splash guard head (412) fixed to the inner side of each set of splash guard shafts (414), a splash guard spring (413) fixed to the outer side of each splash guard head (412), a splash guard spring (413) fixedly connected to the splash guard plate (411) on its outer side, and a shaft pin (415) slidably connected to the upper end of each of the lower energy-absorbing rods (403).

8. The impact energy absorption device for protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each track (7) has a rack (701) fixed inside, and each rack (701) has a toothed disc track (703). A toothed disc (702) is meshed with the top of each rack (701). A moving motor (802) is rotatably connected to the front end of the rotating shaft of each toothed disc (702). A positioning plate (801) is tightly fitted to the top of each track (7). Each positioning plate (801) is fixedly connected to the vertical rod (8) at its top. 01) A pin box (803) is also fixed at the top. Each pin box (803) is provided with several replacement pins (804). A pin moving plate (805) is also slidably connected inside each pin box (803). Two pin moving rods (807) are fixed on the right side of each pin moving plate (805). A connecting plate (806) is fixed on the right side of each set of pin moving rods (807). A pin spring (808) is provided on the outside of each pin moving rod (807).

9. The impact energy absorption device for protection of hydraulic supports in coal mine roadways according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each vertical rod (8) has a clamping motor (901) fixed at its front end. Each clamping motor (901) is rotatably connected to the insert rod (9) at its rear end via a rotating shaft. Each clamping rod (903) has a clamping camera (902) fixed at its right end. Each clamping rod (903) also has a clamping reversing motor (904) fixed at its right end. Each clamping reversing motor (904) is rotatably connected to the clamping reversing rod (905) at its left end via a rotating shaft. Each clamping reversing rod (905) has a clamping camera (906) fixed at its outer end. Each clamping rod (907) has a feeding positioning plate (908) fixed at its outer end. Each feeding positioning plate (908) has several feeding rods (910) slidably connected inside. Each feeding rod (910) is fixedly connected to the feeding plate (909) at its bottom. Each feeding rod (910) also has a feeding spring (911) on its outside.

Images