A shaft exhaust air system for a radiation-type cave data center and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shaft exhaust system for a radiation-type cave data center and its construction method, belonging to the technical field of cave data centers. The shaft exhaust system is arranged in a mountain body. The shaft exhaust system includes a ventilation hub chamber A and an exhaust shaft. The exhaust shaft includes a centralized air duct section and a decentralized exhaust structure. The lower end of the centralized air duct section is connected to the ventilation hub chamber A, and the decentralized exhaust structure is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section and communicates with the top of the mountain body. Among them, both the ventilation hub chamber A and the centralized air duct section are single-channel structures, which can significantly reduce the excavation volume and construction cost of the shaft exhaust system; the decentralized exhaust structure is a multi-channel structure, which can quickly and efficiently discharge wind and smoke to the top of the mountain body. At the same time, it helps to improve the explosion-proof ability of the shaft exhaust system, that is, when some of the channels are damaged and blocked, it ensures that the shaft exhaust system can still exhaust air and operate normally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a shaft exhaust system for a radiation-type cave data center and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of cave data centers. Background Art

[0002] Because it is integrally buried underground, the cave data center has typical advantages of high security, high concealment, high protection, and high energy efficiency, and thus has become a new direction for the development of data centers. However, considering the relatively closed structure of the cave data center, it is necessary to focus on studying its ventilation under normal operating conditions and smoke exhaust requirements in fire accidents. The cave data center usually uses a ventilation system or an exhaust system for ventilation and smoke exhaust.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN116648044A discloses an explosion-proof horizontal ventilation system and a construction method suitable for a cave data center. The explosion-proof horizontal ventilation system includes an upper horizontal exhaust structure, a middle connection structure, and a lower cave data center main structure that are three-layered and vertically crossed. The upper horizontal exhaust structure, the middle connection structure, and the lower cave data center main structure are all multi-channel structures. The air inlet port of the lower cave data center main structure is connected to an integrated air supply system, and the air outlet port is interconnected with the upper horizontal exhaust structure through the middle connection structure. It can achieve remote and precise control of the air flow inside the data center, and provide a reliable ventilation system for normal ventilation under operating conditions and fire fighting in fire accidents.

[0004] Using this horizontal ventilation system improves the explosion-proof ability of the cave data center. However, since the explosion-proof horizontal ventilation system includes an upper horizontal exhaust structure, a middle connection structure, and a lower cave data center main structure that are three-layered and vertically crossed, and the upper horizontal exhaust structure, the middle connection structure, and the lower cave data center main structure are all multi-channel structures, it also has the disadvantages of large excavation volume and high construction cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a shaft exhaust system for a radiation-type cave data center and a construction method thereof.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A shaft exhaust system for a radiation-type cave data center, the shaft exhaust system is arranged in a mountain body, the shaft exhaust system includes a ventilation hub chamber A and an exhaust shaft, the exhaust shaft includes a centralized air duct section and a decentralized exhaust structure, the lower end of the centralized air duct section is connected to the ventilation hub chamber A, and the decentralized exhaust structure is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section and communicates with the top of the mountain body.

[0008] The ventilation hub chamber A includes a chamber support structure and a guide air duct. An equipment warehouse is provided at the top inside the chamber support structure, and a fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse is provided at the bottom inside the chamber support structure. The guide air duct is located inside the chamber support structure, its lower end is connected to the roof of the fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse, and its upper end extends into the equipment warehouse.

[0009] The chamber support structure is in an elliptical spherical shape and includes a primary support layer and a secondary lining layer provided inside the primary support layer. The primary support layer is an elliptical spherical steel arch frame structure.

[0010] The fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse is filled with non-combustible gases such as nitrogen, argon or IG541 mixed gas.

[0011] A plurality of air inlets are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction on the guide air duct. The air inlets are located between the equipment warehouse and the fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse, and air dampers are provided at the air inlets.

[0012] The shape and size of the outer wall of the guide air duct between the top of the air inlet and the fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse gradually expand from top to bottom.

[0013] A gas supply pipeline is also provided in the mountain body. One end of the gas supply pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse, and the other end extends outside the mountain body, and a gas pipeline switch is provided at this end.

[0014] The lower part of the centralized air duct section is connected to the top of the chamber support structure, and the lower end of the centralized air duct section extends into the equipment warehouse and is connected to the upper end of the guide air duct through an axial flow fan.

[0015] A polygonal steel frame is provided at the connection between the primary support layer and the centralized air duct section, and an inscribed circle steel beam A is provided inside the polygonal steel frame.

[0016] Several ventilation hub chambers B that expand outwards are provided in the middle of the centralized air duct section. Anti-falling nets are provided within 1 m below each ventilation hub chamber B in the centralized air duct section, and axial flow fans are provided above each ventilation hub chamber B.

[0017] Steel arch frames are provided in the ventilation hub chamber B. The steel arch frames include a plurality of coaxially arranged annular arch frames, and a plurality of vertical connecting arch frames are connected together between the plurality of annular arch frames.

[0018] The decentralized exhaust structure includes an explosion-proof plate, a backfill covering layer, and multiple zigzag air ducts. The explosion-proof plate is arranged in the mountain body and is directly above the centralized air duct section. The backfill covering layer is arranged on the explosion-proof plate. One end of each of the multiple zigzag air ducts is communicated with the upper end of the centralized air duct section, and the other end is exposed at the top of the mountain body as an air outlet and is irregularly distributed around the centralized air duct section.

[0019] The burial depth of the explosion-proof plate in the mountain body is not less than 5 m;

[0020] Trees are planted around the zigzag air ducts at the top of the mountain body.

[0021] A construction method for a shaft exhaust system of a radiation-type cave data center includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Use the spherical excavation method with reserved core soil to construct the ventilation hub chamber A, and carry out the initial support layer construction of the chamber support structure, and construct the polygonal steel frame and the inscribed circle steel beam A.

[0023] Step 2: Use the raise boring method to construct the exhaust shaft.

[0024] Step 3: When the exhaust shaft is constructed from top to bottom to the top elevation position of a certain ventilation hub chamber B in Step 2, expand the corresponding ventilation hub chamber B, construct the steel arch frame section by section downward, and then pour the ventilation hub chamber B.

[0025] Step 4: Repeat Step 3 to complete the construction of the remaining ventilation hub chambers B from top to bottom one by one until the exhaust shaft is connected with the ventilation hub chamber A.

[0026] Step 5: Carry out the internal structure construction and equipment installation work of the ventilation hub chamber A and the exhaust shaft.

[0027] The specific construction process of Step 1 includes the following steps:

[0028] Step A: During the excavation of the ventilation hub chamber A, retain the rock pillar directly below the exhaust shaft as a temporary support structure, then excavate the arc-shaped side around the rock pillar in steps to form an arc-shaped excavation surface, and carry out shotcrete protection on the arc-shaped excavation surface.

[0029] Step B: After the upper step arc-shaped side of the ventilation hub chamber A is excavated, immediately construct the polygonal steel frame and the inscribed circle steel beam A at the intersection of the ventilation hub chamber A and the exhaust shaft, then construct the initial support layer at the upper step arc-shaped side, and ensure that the top of the initial support layer is firmly welded to the polygonal steel frame and the inscribed circle steel beam A, ensure that the initial support layer is located on the upper step rock surface, and then construct the shrinkage-foot anchor bolts to lock the arch feet of the initial support layer at the upper step arc-shaped side.

[0030] Step C: Install systematic rock bolts within the range of the arc-shaped side of the upper bench, and spray concrete on the arc-shaped excavation surface of the upper bench to form a protective structure.

[0031] Step D: After the sprayed concrete reaches the design strength, excavate the rock pillar.

[0032] Step E: Excavate the middle bench and the lower bench of the ventilation hub chamber A, and gradually complete the construction of the middle and lower parts of the initial support layer from top to bottom.

[0033] The method for constructing the exhaust shaft in Step 2 includes the following steps:

[0034] Step a: Excavate a foundation pit at the top of the mountain that covers the distribution range of the decentralized exhaust structure.

[0035] Step b: Use the raise boring method to excavate the centralized air duct section at the bottom of the foundation pit until the centralized air duct section communicates with the ventilation hub chamber A.

[0036] Step c: Construct the concrete lining structure of the centralized air duct section from bottom to top.

[0037] Step d: Construct the zigzag air duct in the foundation pit, then construct the explosion-proof plate and the backfill covering layer in sequence, and finally plant trees around the zigzag air duct.

[0038] The method for constructing the internal structure of the ventilation hub chamber A in Step 5 includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Construct the fire extinguishing gas storage bin at the inner bottom of the chamber support structure and install the gas replenishment pipeline.

[0040] Step 2: Construct the air duct, and then install an axial flow fan between the air duct and the centralized air duct section.

[0041] Step 3: Construct the bottom slab of the equipment bin.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0043] 1. Only one vertical shaft exhaust system is required to meet the exhaust requirements of all data tunnels in all data tunnel groups. The ventilation hub chamber A in the vertical shaft exhaust system is used to collect the air and smoke discharged from all data tunnels in the underlying data tunnel group, and further discharge it to the centralized air duct section; the centralized air duct section is also used to collect the air and smoke discharged from all data tunnels in the upper data tunnel group, and then discharge all the air and smoke to the top of the mountain through the decentralized exhaust structure. Both the ventilation hub chamber A and the centralized air duct section in the vertical shaft exhaust system are single-channel structures, which can significantly reduce the excavation volume and construction cost of the vertical shaft exhaust system; the decentralized exhaust structure is a multi-channel structure, which can quickly and efficiently discharge the air and smoke to the top of the mountain. At the same time, it helps to improve the explosion-proof ability of the vertical shaft exhaust system, that is, when some of the channels are damaged and blocked, it ensures that the vertical shaft exhaust system can still exhaust air and operate normally.

[0044] 2. The shape and size of the outer wall of the air duct between the top of the air inlet and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin gradually expand from top to bottom, so as to smoothly divert the air flow discharged from the data tunnel to the inside of the air duct through the outer wall of the air duct, and cooperate with the axial flow fan to quickly suck and divert the air discharged from the data tunnel into the air duct.

[0045] 3. The top of the chamber support structure is provided with an intersection connected to the exhaust vertical shaft, and a strengthening structure of "polygonal steel frame + inscribed circle steel beam A" is arranged at the intersection to improve the force reliability at the intersection of the chamber support structure and the exhaust vertical shaft.

[0046] 4. The decentralized exhaust structure includes multiple folded air ducts. When some of the folded air ducts are damaged and blocked, it ensures that the exhaust vertical shaft can still exhaust air and operate normally, further improving the exhaust reliability of the exhaust vertical shaft. The backfill covering layer is mainly used to restore the ground surface around the decentralized exhaust structure, and cooperate with the trees planted around the folded air ducts to achieve the purpose of hiding the location of the exhaust vertical shaft.

[0047] 5. The spherical excavation method with reserved core soil is adopted for excavation, which can preferably reserve the rock pillar directly below the exhaust vertical shaft as a temporary support structure, thus effectively reducing the risk of arch collapse during the excavation of large-size chambers.

[0048] 6. The reverse well method is used to construct the exhaust vertical shaft. The muck can be directly slid down to the ventilation hub chamber A through the pre-constructed drilling channel, which is beneficial to the rapid transportation of muck; the groundwater gushing out during the construction of the exhaust vertical shaft can also infiltrate through the drilling channel, reducing the construction risk of the exhaust vertical shaft; in addition, under the action of pressure difference, the air flow can naturally flow into the exhaust vertical shaft through the data tunnel, the ventilation hub chamber A and the drilling channel and be discharged upward, which is beneficial to the construction ventilation during the excavation of the exhaust vertical shaft. Description of the Drawings

[0049] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention with the underlying data tunnel group and an upper data tunnel group;

[0050] Figure 2 Plan layout diagram of the present invention with the underlying data tunnel group and an upper data tunnel group;

[0051] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention with the underlying data tunnel group;

[0052] Figure 4 Plan layout diagram of the present invention with the underlying data tunnel group;

[0053] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure when the air in the data tunnel is replaced after the present invention is assembled with the underlying data tunnel group;

[0054] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure when the smoke in the data tunnel is discharged by the shaft exhaust system after the present invention is assembled with the underlying data tunnel group;

[0055] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention with the data tunnel in the underlying data tunnel group;

[0056] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the initial support layer and the exhaust shaft of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the rock pillar and the arc-shaped side part of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the air duct of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the polygonal steel frame and the inscribed circle steel beam A of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the centralized air duct section and the folded air duct of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 13 Expanded view of the steel arch of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention with the data tunnel in the upper data tunnel group.

[0063] In the figure: 100 - mountain body, 200 - shaft exhaust system, 300 - underlying data tunnel group, 400 - upper data tunnel group, 500 - anti-falling net, 600 - arc-shaped side part;

[0064] 1 - Data tunnel, 2 - Ventilation hub chamber A, 21 - Chamber support structure, 211 - Initial support layer, 212 - Polygonal steel frame, 213 - Inscribed circle steel beam A, 22 - Equipment storage, 23 - Fire extinguishing gas storage, 24 - Air duct, 241 - Air inlet, 3 - Exhaust shaft, 31 - Centralized air duct section, 32 - Decentralized exhaust structure, 321 - Zigzag air duct, 322 - Explosion-proof plate, 323 - Backfill covering layer, 7 - Axial flow fan, 8 - Rock pillar, 9 - Ventilation hub chamber B, 91 - Ring arch, 92 - Vertical connecting arch. Detailed implementation manner

[0065] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0066] As Figures 1 to 14 shown, a shaft exhaust system for a radial cave-type data center according to the present invention, the shaft exhaust system 200 is provided in the mountain body 100, the shaft exhaust system 200 includes a ventilation hub chamber A2 and an exhaust shaft 3, the exhaust shaft 3 includes a centralized air duct section 31 and a decentralized exhaust structure 32, the lower end of the centralized air duct section 31 is connected to the ventilation hub chamber A2, and the decentralized exhaust structure 32 is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section 31 and communicates with the top of the mountain body 100.

[0067] In use, the radial cave-type data center further includes a bottom data tunnel group 300 and several upper data tunnel groups 400. The upper data tunnel groups 400 are located above the bottom data tunnel group 300. One end of all the data tunnels 1 in the upper data tunnel groups 400 and one end of all the data tunnels 1 in the bottom data tunnel group 300 are connected to the shaft exhaust system 200, and the other ends extend in different directions centered on the shaft exhaust system 200 until they communicate with the surface of the mountain body 100.

[0068] When the radial cave-type data center does not include the upper data tunnel groups 400, the structure is as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. Among them, all the data tunnels 1 included in the bottom data tunnel group 300 extend and radiate in different directions centered on the shaft exhaust system 200. That is to say, when all the data tunnels 1 in the bottom data tunnel group 300 adopt this radial layout method, only one shaft exhaust system 200 is required to meet the exhaust requirements of all the data tunnels 1 in the bottom data tunnel group 300.

[0069] When the radial cave-type data center has one upper data tunnel group 400, the structure is as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, all the data tunnels 1 arranged in a radial pattern in the underlying data tunnel group 300 share a shaft exhaust system 200 with all the data tunnels 1 arranged in a radial pattern in the upper data tunnel group 400. Only one shaft exhaust system 200 is needed to meet the exhaust requirements of all the data tunnels 1 in the multi-layer data tunnel group.

[0070] When there are multiple upper data tunnel groups 400 in the radial cavern-type data center, the situation is similar to that when there is one upper data tunnel group 400 in the radial cavern-type data center, and will not be elaborated here.

[0071] Thus, it can be seen that only one shaft exhaust system 200 is needed to meet the exhaust requirements of all the data tunnels 1 in all the data tunnel groups. The ventilation hub chamber A2 in the shaft exhaust system 200 is used to collect the wind and smoke discharged from all the data tunnels 1 in the underlying data tunnel group 300, and further discharge it to the centralized air duct section 31; the centralized air duct section 31 is also used to collect the wind and smoke discharged from all the data tunnels 1 in the upper data tunnel group 400, and then discharge all the wind and smoke to the top of the mountain 100 through the decentralized exhaust structure 32. Both the ventilation hub chamber A2 and the centralized air duct section 31 in the shaft exhaust system 200 are single-channel structures, which can significantly reduce the excavation volume and construction cost of the shaft exhaust system 200; the decentralized exhaust structure 32 is a multi-channel structure, which can quickly and efficiently discharge the wind and smoke to the top of the mountain 100. At the same time, it helps to improve the explosion-proof ability of the shaft exhaust system 200, that is, when some of the channels are damaged and blocked, it ensures that the shaft exhaust system 200 can still exhaust air and operate normally.

[0072] The ventilation hub chamber A2 includes a chamber support structure 21 and a guide air duct 24. There is an equipment warehouse 22 at the top inside the chamber support structure 21, and a fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse 23 at the bottom inside the chamber support structure 21. The guide air duct 24 is located inside the chamber support structure 21, its lower end is connected to the roof plate of the fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse 23, and its upper end extends into the equipment warehouse 22.

[0073] The chamber support structure 21 is in an elliptical spherical shape and includes a primary support layer 211 and a secondary lining layer provided inside the primary support layer 211. The primary support layer 211 is an elliptical spherical steel arch frame structure. The secondary lining layer inside the primary support layer 211 serves as a permanent support to ensure the structural stability of the ventilation hub chamber A2.

[0074] The fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse 23 is filled with non-combustible gases such as nitrogen, argon or IG541 mixed gas.

[0075] A plurality of air inlets 241 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction on the guide air duct 24. The air inlets 241 are located between the equipment warehouse 22 and the fire extinguishing gas storage warehouse 23, and a damper is provided at the air inlets 241.

[0076] The outer wall of the air duct 24 between the top of the air inlet 241 and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23 has a shape and size that gradually expands from top to bottom. During use, the opening and closing of the air inlet 241 are controlled by a damper. The air or smoke that enters the chamber support structure 21 from the data tunnel 1 enters the air duct 24 through the air inlet 241. The outer wall of the air duct 24 between the top of the air inlet 241 and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23 has a shape and size that gradually expands from top to bottom, so as to smoothly divert the air flow discharged from the data tunnel 1 to the inside of the air duct 24 through the outer wall of the air duct 24. Cooperating with the axial flow fan 7, the air discharged from the data tunnel 1 can be quickly sucked in and diverted into the air duct 24.

[0077] A gas supply pipeline is also provided in the mountain body 100. One end of the gas supply pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23, and the other end extends outside the mountain body 100, and a gas pipeline switch is provided at this end. During use, the gas supply pipeline serves as a supplementary pipeline for non-combustible gas in the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23.

[0078] The lower part of the centralized air duct section 31 is connected to the top of the chamber support structure 21, and the lower end of the centralized air duct section 31 extends into the equipment bin 22 and is connected to the upper end of the air duct 24 through the axial flow fan 7. During use, the axial flow fan 7 provides power for the exhaust shaft 3 to exhaust air, so as to accelerate the air speed inside it and improve its exhaust efficiency.

[0079] A polygonal steel frame 212 is provided at the connection between the initial support layer 211 and the centralized air duct section 31, and an inscribed circle steel beam A213 is provided inside the polygonal steel frame 212. An intersection connected to the exhaust shaft 3 is arranged at the top of the chamber support structure 21, and a strengthening structure of "polygonal steel frame 212 + inscribed circle steel beam A213" is arranged at the intersection, so as to improve the force reliability at the intersection of the chamber support structure 21 and the exhaust shaft 3.

[0080] Several outwardly expanding ventilation hub chambers B9 are provided in the middle of the centralized air duct section 31, and anti-falling nets 500 are provided within a range of 1 m below each ventilation hub chamber B9 in the centralized air duct section 31, and axial flow fans 7 are provided above each ventilation hub chamber B9. During use, several ventilation hub chambers B9 are provided at positions on the centralized air duct section 31 corresponding to several upper-layer data tunnel groups 400 one by one. The ventilation hub chambers B9 are used to collect the air and smoke discharged from all the data tunnels 1 in a corresponding upper-layer data tunnel group 400. Anti-falling nets 500 are provided within a range of 1 m below each ventilation hub chamber B9 in the centralized air duct section 31 to eliminate the risk of personnel falling.

[0081] The ventilation hub chamber B9 is provided with steel arch frames, and each steel arch frame includes a plurality of annular arch frames 91 arranged coaxially. The plurality of annular arch frames 91 are connected together by a plurality of vertical connecting arch frames 92.

[0082] The decentralized exhaust structure 32 includes an explosion-proof plate 322, a backfill covering layer 323, and a plurality of zigzag air ducts 321. The explosion-proof plate 322 is arranged in the mountain body 100 and is located directly above the centralized air duct section 31. The backfill covering layer 323 is arranged on the explosion-proof plate 322. One ends of the plurality of zigzag air ducts 321 are all communicated with the upper end of the centralized air duct section 31, and the other ends are exposed at the top of the mountain body 100 as air outlets and are irregularly distributed around the centralized air duct section 31. During use, the decentralized exhaust structure 32 includes a plurality of zigzag air ducts 321. When some of the zigzag air ducts 321 are damaged and blocked, it is ensured that the exhaust shaft 3 can still exhaust air and operate normally, further improving the exhaust reliability of the exhaust shaft 3. The backfill covering layer 323 is mainly used to restore the ground surface around the decentralized exhaust structure 32. Cooperating with the trees planted around the zigzag air ducts 321, the purpose of hiding the position of the exhaust shaft 3 is achieved.

[0083] The burial depth of the explosion-proof plate 322 in the mountain body 100 is not less than 5m;

[0084] Trees are planted around the zigzag air ducts 321 at the top of the mountain body 100. The explosion-proof plate 322 is a multi-layer thin plate structure or a single-layer thick plate structure, and the burial depth of the explosion-proof plate 322 in the mountain body 100 is set to be not less than 5m to ensure that the decentralized exhaust structure 32 has good explosion-proof performance.

[0085] A construction method for a shaft exhaust system of a radial cave-type data center includes the following steps:

[0086] Step 1: Use the spherical excavation method with reserved core soil to construct the ventilation hub chamber A2, and construct the initial support layer 211 of the chamber support structure 21, and construct the polygonal steel frame 212 and the inscribed circle steel beam A213;

[0087] Step 2: Use the raise boring method to construct the exhaust shaft 3;

[0088] Step 3: When the exhaust shaft 3 is constructed from top to bottom to the top elevation position of a certain ventilation hub chamber B9 in Step 2, expand and excavate the corresponding ventilation hub chamber B9, construct the steel arch frames section by section downward, and then pour the ventilation hub chamber B9;

[0089] Step 4: Repeat Step 3 to complete the construction of the remaining ventilation hub chambers B9 one by one from top to bottom until the exhaust shaft 3 communicates with the ventilation hub chamber A2;

[0090] Step 5: Carry out the internal structure construction and equipment installation work for the ventilation hub chamber A2 and the exhaust shaft 3.

[0091] The specific construction process of the said Step 1 includes the following steps:

[0092] Step A: During the excavation of the ventilation hub chamber A2, retain the rock pillar 8 directly below the exhaust shaft 3 as a temporary support structure. Then, excavate the arc-shaped side part 600 around the rock pillar 8 in steps to form an arc-shaped excavation surface, and carry out shotcrete protection on the arc-shaped excavation surface.

[0093] Step B: After the excavation of the upper-step arc-shaped side part 600 of the ventilation hub chamber A2 is completed, immediately construct the polygonal steel frame 212 and the inscribed circle steel beam A213 at the intersection of the ventilation hub chamber A2 and the exhaust shaft 3. Then, construct the primary support layer 211 at the upper-step arc-shaped side part 600, and ensure that the top of the primary support layer 211 is firmly welded to the polygonal steel frame 212 and the inscribed circle steel beam A213, and ensure that the primary support layer 211 is located on the upper-step rock surface. Then, construct shrinkage-foot bolts to lock the arch feet of the primary support layer 211 at the upper-step arc-shaped side part 600.

[0094] Step C: Install the system bolts within the range of the upper-step arc-shaped side part 600, and spray concrete on the arc-shaped excavation surface of the upper step to form a protection structure.

[0095] Step D: After the sprayed concrete reaches the design strength, excavate the rock pillar 8.

[0096] Step E: Excavate the middle step and the lower step of the ventilation hub chamber A2, and gradually complete the construction of the middle and lower parts of the primary support layer 211 from top to bottom.

[0097] The spherical excavation method with core soil reservation is adopted for excavation, which can preferably reserve the rock pillar 8 directly below the exhaust shaft 3 as a temporary support structure, thereby effectively reducing the risk of arch collapse during the excavation of large-sized chambers.

[0098] The method for constructing the exhaust shaft 3 in the said Step 2 includes the following steps:

[0099] Step a: Excavate a foundation pit at the top of the mountain body 100 covering the distribution range of the decentralized exhaust structure 32.

[0100] Step b: Adopt the raise boring method to excavate the centralized air duct section 31 at the bottom of the foundation pit until the centralized air duct section 31 communicates with the ventilation hub chamber A2. After excavation, immediately construct the primary support of the centralized air duct section 31.

[0101] Step c: Construct the concrete lining structure of the centralized air duct section 31 from bottom to top.

[0102] Step d: Construct the zigzag air duct 321 in the foundation pit, then successively construct the explosion-proof plate 322 and the backfill covering layer 323, and finally plant trees around the zigzag air duct 321.

[0103] The raise boring method is used to construct the exhaust vertical shaft 3, and the muck can directly slide down through the pre-constructed drilling channel to the ventilation hub chamber A2, which is conducive to the rapid transportation of the muck; moreover, the groundwater gushing out during the construction of the exhaust vertical shaft 3 can also infiltrate through the drilling channel, reducing the construction risk of the exhaust vertical shaft 3; in addition, under the action of the pressure difference, the air flow can naturally flow into the exhaust vertical shaft 3 through the data tunnel 1, the ventilation hub chamber A2 and the drilling channel and be discharged upward, which is conducive to the construction ventilation during the excavation of the exhaust vertical shaft 3.

[0104] The method for constructing the internal structure of the ventilation hub chamber A2 in step five includes the following steps:

[0105] Step 1: Construct the fire extinguishing gas storage bin 23 at the inner bottom of the chamber support structure 21 and install the gas replenishment pipeline;

[0106] Step 2: Construct the air duct 24, and then install the axial flow fan 7 between the air duct 24 and the centralized air duct section 31;

[0107] Step 3: Construct the bottom plate of the equipment bin 22.

Claims

1. A shaft exhaust system for a radial cavernous data center, characterized in that: The shaft exhaust system (200) is arranged in the mountain (100), and the shaft exhaust system (200) comprises a ventilation hub cavern A (2) and an exhaust shaft (3), and the exhaust shaft (3) comprises a centralized air duct section (31) and a decentralized exhaust structure (32), the lower end of the centralized air duct section (31) is connected to the ventilation hub cavern A (2), and the decentralized exhaust structure (32) is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section (31) and communicates with the top of the mountain (100); The ventilation hub cavern A (2) comprises a cavern support structure (21) and an air duct (24); an equipment bin (22) is provided at the top of the inner side of the cavern support structure (21); and a fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the cavern support structure (21); the air duct (24) is located at the inner side of the cavern support structure (21); the lower end of the air duct (24) is connected to the top plate of the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), and the upper end of the air duct (24) extends into the equipment bin (22); The cavern support structure (21) is ellipsoidal, comprising an initial support layer (211) and a secondary lining layer arranged inside the initial support layer (211); the initial support layer (211) is an ellipsoidal steel arch structure; The decentralized exhaust structure (32) comprises an explosion-proof plate (322), a backfill covering layer (323), and a plurality of zigzag air ducts (321); the explosion-proof plate (322) is arranged in the mountain (100) and is located directly above the centralized air duct section (31); the backfill covering layer (323) is arranged on the explosion-proof plate (322); one end of the plurality of zigzag air ducts (321) is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section (31); the other end of the plurality of zigzag air ducts (321) is exposed at the top of the mountain (100) as an exhaust port, and is irregularly distributed around the centralized air duct section (31); The radial cavern-type data center also includes a bottom layer data tunnel group (300) and a plurality of upper layer data tunnel groups (400), one end of all the data tunnels (1) in the upper layer data tunnel group (400) and one end of all the data tunnels (1) in the bottom layer data tunnel group (300) are connected to the vertical shaft exhaust system (200), and the other ends extend in different directions with the vertical shaft exhaust system (200) as the center.

2. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) is provided with non-flammable gas such as nitrogen, argon or IG541 mixed gas.

3. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide pipe (24) is provided with a plurality of air inlets (241) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the air inlets (241) are located between the equipment bin (22) and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), and a damper is provided at the air inlet (241); The shape and size of the outer wall of the air guide pipe (24) located between the top of the air inlet (241) and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) gradually expand from top to bottom.

4. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas replenishment pipeline is also provided in the mountain (100), one end of the gas replenishment pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), the other end extends outside the mountain (100), and a gas pipeline switch is provided at the other end.

5. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the centralized air duct section (31) is connected to the top of the cavern support structure (21), and the lower end of the centralized air duct section (31) extends into the equipment bin (22) and is connected to the upper end of the air guide pipe (24) via the axial flow fan (7).

6. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A polygonal steel frame (212) is provided on the initial support layer (211) at the connection between the initial support layer and the centralized air duct section (31), and an inscribed circular steel beam A (213) is provided on the inner side of the polygonal steel frame (212).

7. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of outwardly expanding ventilation hub chambers B (9) are provided in the middle of the centralized air duct section (31), and a fall prevention net (500) is provided within a range of 1 m below each ventilation hub chamber B (9) in the centralized air duct section (31), and an axial flow fan (7) is provided on the upper side of each ventilation hub chamber B (9).

8. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 7, characterized in that: A steel arch frame is provided in the ventilation hub cavern B (9), and the steel arch frame comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged annular arch frames (91), and the plurality of annular arch frames (91) are connected together via a plurality of vertical connecting arch frames (92).

9. The shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof plate (322) is buried at a depth of not less than 5 m in the mountain (100); Trees are planted around the zigzag wind duct (321) on the top of the mountain (100).

10. A construction method for a shaft exhaust system for a radial cavern-type data center as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use the spherical excavation method to reserve the core soil to construct the ventilation hub cavern A (2), and construct the initial support layer (211) of the cavern support structure (21), as well as the polygonal steel frame (212) and the inscribed circular steel beam A (213); Step 2: Use the reverse shaft method to construct the exhaust shaft (3); Step 3: When the exhaust shaft (3) is constructed from top to bottom to the top elevation of a ventilation hub cavern B (9) in step 2, the corresponding ventilation hub cavern B (9) is expanded, and the steel arch frame is constructed downwards section by section, and then the ventilation hub cavern B (9) is cast; Step 4: Repeat step 3 to complete the construction of the remaining ventilation hub caverns B (9) one by one from top to bottom until the exhaust shaft (3) is connected to the ventilation hub cavern A (2); Step 5: Carry out internal structure construction and equipment installation work of the ventilation hub cavern A (2) and the exhaust shaft (3).

11. The construction method of the shaft exhaust system for the radial cavern-type data center according to claim 10, characterized in that: The specific construction process of step 1 includes the following steps: Step A, during the excavation of the ventilation hub cavern A (2), the rock pillar (8) located directly below the exhaust shaft (3) is retained as a temporary support structure, and then the arc-shaped side portion (600) around the rock pillar (8) is excavated in steps to form an arc-shaped excavation surface, and the arc-shaped excavation surface is sprayed with concrete for protection; Step B: After the excavation of the upper step arc-shaped side portion (600) of the ventilation hub cavern A (2) is completed, the polygonal steel frame (212) and the inscribed circular steel beam A (213) at the intersection of the ventilation hub cavern A (2) and the exhaust shaft (3) are immediately constructed, and then the initial support layer (211) at the upper step arc-shaped side portion (600) is constructed, and it is ensured that the top of the initial support layer (211) is firmly welded to the polygonal steel frame (212) and the inscribed circular steel beam A (213), and that the initial support layer (211) is located on the upper step rock surface, and then the contraction foot anchor rod is constructed to lock the arch foot of the initial support layer (211) at the upper step arc-shaped side portion (600); Step C, applying system anchor rods within the range of the arc-shaped side portion (600) of the upper step, and spraying concrete on the arc-shaped excavation surface of the upper step to form a protective structure; Step D: After the shotcrete reaches the designed strength, remove the rock column (8); Step E: excavate the middle step and the lower step of the ventilation hub cavern A (2), and gradually complete the construction of the middle and lower parts of the initial support layer (211) from top to bottom.

12. The construction method of the shaft exhaust system for the radial cavern-type data center according to claim 10, characterized in that: The method for constructing the exhaust shaft (3) in step 2 comprises the following steps: Step a, excavating a foundation pit on the top of the mountain (100) that covers the distribution range of the decentralized exhaust structure (32); Step b, excavating the centralized air duct section (31) at the bottom of the foundation pit by using the reverse well method until the centralized air duct section (31) is connected with the ventilation hub cavern A (2); Step c, constructing the concrete lining structure of the centralized air duct section (31) from bottom to top; Step d: constructing a broken-line air duct (321) in the foundation pit, then sequentially constructing an explosion-proof plate (322) and a backfill covering layer (323), and finally planting trees around the broken-line air duct (321).

13. The construction method of the shaft exhaust system for the radial cavern-type data center according to claim 10, characterized in that: The method for constructing the internal structure of the ventilation hub cavern A (2) in step 5 comprises the following steps: Step 1: constructing a fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) at the bottom of the inner side of the cavern support structure (21), and installing a gas replenishment pipeline; Step 2, constructing the air guide duct (24), and then installing an axial flow fan (7) between the air guide duct (24) and the centralized air duct section (31); Step 3: construct the bottom plate of the equipment warehouse (22).

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