Thermoelectric conversion system based on data center waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermoelectric conversion system based on data center waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage, which comprises a waste heat direct recycling module, an organic Rankine cycle power generation module and a deep ground heat storage module, the waste heat direct recycling module comprises a heat exchanger I and a water pump I which are connected in sequence, and the front end of the heat exchanger I is connected with a data center; the rear end of the water pump I is connected with a terminal user; the organic Rankine cycle power generation module comprises a second heat exchanger, a turbine, a condenser and a compressor which are sequentially connected, the rear end of the turbine is connected with a generator, and the rear end of the generator is connected with a terminal user; the deep ground heat storage module comprises a heat exchanger III, a water pump III and a deep ground heat storage device which are connected in sequence, and the deep ground heat storage device is connected with the heat exchanger II; the first heat exchanger is sequentially connected with a second water pump, a first heat pump unit and a valve bank which is connected with the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger. According to the system, efficient recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the data center in the deep ground space can be achieved, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and green low-carbon development is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of energy processing technology, and specifically relates to a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep underground heat storage in a data center. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, underground data centers have become widely popular due to their inherent advantages such as energy saving, high security, and stable operating environment, such as the Helsinki Underground Digital Center in Finland and the Lefdal Data Center in Norway. However, data centers generate a large amount of low-grade waste heat during operation, usually at 30℃~60℃. Traditional cooling systems usually directly discharge this waste heat, resulting in energy waste. At the same time, data centers have extremely high energy consumption requirements for cooling systems, further exacerbating the energy consumption problem. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric conversion system based on data center waste heat recovery and deep underground heat storage, which can realize the efficient recovery and utilization of data center waste heat in deep underground space, improve energy utilization efficiency, and promote green and low-carbon development.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep underground heat storage in a data center, comprising a waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, an organic Rankine cycle power generation module and a deep underground heat storage module, wherein: The waste heat direct recovery and utilization module includes a heat exchanger 1 and a water pump 1 connected in sequence, wherein the front end of the heat exchanger 1 is connected to the data center, and the rear end of the water pump 1 is connected to the end user; The organic Rankine cycle power generation module includes a heat exchanger 2, a turbine, a condenser, and a compressor connected in sequence, the rear end of the turbine is connected to a generator, and the rear end of the generator is connected to a terminal user; The deep ground heat storage module comprises a heat exchanger 3, a water pump 3, and a deep ground heat storage device which are connected in sequence, and the deep ground heat storage device is connected to the heat exchanger 2; The heat exchanger 1 is also connected to the water pump 2, the heat pump unit 1, and the valve group in sequence, and the valve group is connected to the heat exchanger 2 and the heat exchanger 3 respectively.

[0005] As a further solution of the present invention: a regenerator is connected between the turbine and the condenser, a heat pump unit 2 is connected between the deep earth heat storage device and the second heat exchanger, the regenerator is connected to the heat pump unit 2, and the heat pump unit 2 is connected to the end user through a valve.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: the thermoelectric conversion system also includes controller 1, controller 2, and controller 3 for respectively regulating the operation of the waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and the deep earth heat storage module.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: a filtering device is connected between the heat exchanger three and the water pump three.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: when the waste heat is excessive, the waste heat passes through the heat exchanger three and the filtering device, and is injected into the deep ground heat storage device for storage under the action of the water pump three.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: when the waste heat is insufficient, the heat stored in the deep ground heat storage device is heated by the heat pump unit 2 to supply the organic Rankine cycle power generation module with electricity, and the remaining heat is supplied to the end user through the valve.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Combining deep geothermal storage technology with organic Rankine cycle power generation technology and applying them to underground data centers has achieved long-term storage of waste heat and efficient power generation. The waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, organic Rankine cycle power generation module and deep ground heat storage module are all equipped with controllers, which can monitor and optimize the operation of the entire system, reasonably distribute the waste heat, and realize the comprehensive utilization of waste heat storage, heating and power generation, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of the single utilization of traditional waste heat resources and improving the overall utilization efficiency of the system; Adding a heat pump unit to the system increases the waste heat temperature, thereby further improving the system efficiency of the deep earth heat storage module and the organic Rankine cycle power generation module; the setting of the regenerator realizes the heat recovery cycle, reduces the heat loss during condensation of the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and can further save energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep underground heat storage in a data center according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the thermoelectric conversion system based on data center waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage of the present invention; In the figure, 1, data center, 2, heat exchanger 1, 3, controller 1, 4, water pump 1, 5, terminal user, 6, water pump 2, 7, heat pump unit 1, 8, valve group, 9, controller 2, 10, heat exchanger 2, 11, turbine, 12, generator, 13, regenerator, 14, condenser, 15, compressor, 16, heat exchanger 3, 17, filter device, 18, water pump 3, 19, deep ground heat storage device, 20, controller 3, 21, heat pump unit 2, 22, valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention will be further described below by way of examples.

[0013] like Figure 1As shown, a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in a data center includes a waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, an organic Rankine cycle power generation module and a deep ground heat storage module, wherein: The waste heat direct recovery and utilization module includes a heat exchanger 2 and a water pump 4 connected in sequence, the front end of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the data center 1, and the rear end of the water pump 4 is connected to the end user 5; The organic Rankine cycle power generation module includes a heat exchanger 10, a turbine 11, a condenser 14, and a compressor 15 which are sequentially connected to form a loop. The rear end of the turbine 11 is connected to a generator 12, and the rear end of the generator 12 is connected to a terminal user 5. The deep ground heat storage module comprises a heat exchanger three 16, a water pump three 18, and a deep ground heat storage device 19 connected in sequence, and the deep ground heat storage device 19 is connected to the heat exchanger two 10; Heat exchanger 1 2 is also connected to water pump 2 6, heat pump unit 1 7, and valve group 8 in sequence, and valve group 8 is connected to heat exchanger 2 10 and heat exchanger 3 16 respectively.

[0014] In the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, the condenser 14 has heat loss during operation. In order to reduce the heat loss, a regenerator 13 is further connected between the turbine 11 and the condenser 14, a heat pump unit 21 is connected between the deep ground heat storage device 19 and the heat exchanger 2 10, the regenerator 13 is connected to the heat pump unit 21, and the heat pump unit 21 is connected to the terminal user 5 through the valve 22. The regenerator 13 can be used to recover the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the turbine 11 to realize the heat recovery cycle, thereby effectively reducing the heat loss during condensation of the organic Rankine cycle power generation module and further saving energy.

[0015] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the thermoelectric conversion system also includes controller 1 3, controller 2 9, and controller 3 20 for respectively regulating the operation of the waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and the deep ground heat storage module. The addition of the controller can monitor and optimize the entire thermoelectric conversion system, and can reasonably control the working states of water pump 1 4, water pump 2 6, and water pump 3 18 according to the waste heat situation, so as to achieve the coordinated cooperation of the waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and the deep ground heat storage module.

[0016] Furthermore, a filter device 17 is connected between the heat exchanger 3 16 and the water pump 3 18 to prevent underground impurities from entering the deep heat storage module and protect system equipment.

[0017] When the temperature is high in summer, the data center 1 will have excess waste heat. In order to avoid energy waste, when there is excess waste heat, the waste heat passes through the heat exchanger three 16 and the filter device 17, and is injected into the deep ground heat storage device 19 for storage under the action of the water pump three 18.

[0018] Furthermore, when the waste heat is insufficient, the deep heat storage device 19 stores heat and heats it through the heat pump unit 21 to supply the organic Rankine cycle power generation module for power generation, and the remaining heat is supplied to the end user 5 through the valve 22. The deep heat storage device 19 stores the excess waste heat reasonably, and releases it to supplement it when the waste heat is insufficient, so as to reasonably and fully utilize the waste heat resources of the data center 1.

[0019] End users 5 include surrounding residents and data centers that have heating and electricity needs. The energy utilization efficiency can be enhanced through reasonable storage during the waste heat process.

[0020] When the present invention is specifically implemented: The waste heat of the data center 1 is exchanged with the heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger 2, and the controller 3 controls the operation of the water pump 4. Under the action of the water pump 4, part of the heat exchange medium after the heat exchange is supplied to the end user 5 as low-temperature waste heat; the other part of the heat exchange medium is sent to the heat pump unit 7 under the action of the water pump 6 to heat up into medium and high temperature waste heat, and then enters the organic Rankine cycle power generation module and the deep ground heat storage module through the valve group 8; The heat exchange medium can be a freon or alkane organic medium, such as R245fa, cyclohexane, etc. Figure 1 The single arrow in the figure reflects the principle of waste heat recovery and utilization, rather than the complete flow path of the heat exchange medium. In actual operation, the heat exchange medium is in a circulating state, and the heat exchange medium is recycled again after completing the heat exchange in each stage of the heat exchanger.

[0021] Controller 3 includes temperature sensors, pressure sensors and intelligent control systems, wherein each sensor is used to monitor the temperature, pressure and other physical parameters of the heat exchange medium in real time, so as to better cooperate with the intelligent control system for optimization and regulation. The intelligent control system will perform data analysis based on the temperature of the heat exchange medium and the heat demand of the user. For example, in summer, when the temperature of the heat exchange medium is high and the heat demand of the user is low, the intelligent control system controls the water pump 4 to reduce the flow rate of the heat exchange medium and reduce the heat supply, thereby realizing the energy management of the system.

[0022] In the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, the organic working fluid pressurized by the compressor 15 absorbs high-temperature waste heat in the heat exchanger 10 to form high-temperature and high-pressure steam, which enters the turbine 11, expands in the turbine 11 and drives its internal blades to rotate, and the heat energy released by the high-temperature and high-pressure steam is converted into mechanical energy to drive the turbine 11 to do work; the rotating blades of the turbine 11 are connected to the generator 12, and the generator 12 converts the mechanical energy of the turbine 11 into electrical energy through the change of the magnetic field, and the electrical energy is transmitted to the end user 5, which can be used by the data center 1 and the surrounding residents; the low-pressure exhaust gas discharged by the turbine 11 first passes through the In the regenerator 13, the waste heat of the exhaust gas is recovered by the heat exchange medium and transported to the heat pump unit 21 for reuse; then, the exhaust gas is cooled and condensed into liquid organic working fluid in the condenser 14, and the liquid organic working fluid re-enters the compressor 15 for pressurization to achieve recycling; the controller 2 9 includes temperature and pressure sensors and a control system, each sensor monitors the physical parameters of the organic working fluid in real time, and the control system aims to achieve maximum power generation efficiency. Through data analysis and algorithm optimization, a control scheme is obtained to make the organic Rankine cycle power generation module in the best operating condition, and the control instructions are transmitted to the valve group 8 and the heat exchanger 2 10 to ensure efficient operation of the system.

[0023] In the deep heat storage module, when there is excess waste heat in summer, the medium-temperature waste heat is injected into the deep heat storage device 19 through the heat exchanger three 16 and the filter device 17; in winter, when the waste heat of the data center 1 is insufficient, the heat stored in the deep heat storage module is heated up by the heat pump unit two 21 and supplied to the organic Rankine cycle power generation module for power generation, and the remaining heat is supplied to the end user 5 through the valve 22; the controller three 20 includes a temperature sensor, a flow meter, and an intelligent control system. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature distribution of the deep heat storage layer in real time to ensure the efficiency of waste heat injection and storage. The flow meter is used to monitor the flow of injected and extracted heat exchange working fluids and optimize system operation. The intelligent control system aims at maximizing power generation efficiency and heating demand, and realizes a dynamic balance between power generation and heating through data analysis and algorithm optimization.

[0024] like Figure 2As shown, the present invention is divided into three modules, each module is equipped with a controller. Part of the low-temperature waste heat of the data center 1 enters the waste heat direct recovery and utilization module and is supplied to the end user 5 through the heat exchanger 2; the remaining waste heat is heated by the heat pump unit 7, and the high-temperature waste heat is transported to the organic Rankine cycle power generation module for power generation. The exhaust gas generated by the organic Rankine cycle power generation module is recycled through a heat recovery cycle. The electric energy generated by the organic Rankine cycle power generation module can be supplied to the data center 1 again, and the remaining electricity can be used by the surrounding residents; the medium-temperature waste heat enters the deep ground heat storage module for storage. The stored heat is used for both power generation by the organic Rankine cycle power generation module and heating for users in winter. Controller 1 3, controller 2 9, and controller 3 20 cooperate to ensure the efficiency of deep ground heat storage, and comprehensively consider the power generation efficiency and heating demand to achieve a dynamic balance between power generation and heating of the organic Rankine cycle power generation module.

Claims

1. A thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery from data centers and deep ground heat storage, characterized in that: It includes waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, organic Rankine cycle power generation module and deep ground heat storage module, among which: The waste heat direct recovery and utilization module comprises a heat exchanger 1 (2) and a water pump 1 (4) which are connected in sequence, wherein the front end of the heat exchanger 1 (2) is connected to the data center (1), and the back end of the water pump 1 (4) is connected to the end user (5); The organic Rankine cycle power generation module comprises a heat exchanger 2 (10), a turbine (11), a condenser (14), and a compressor (15) which are connected in sequence, wherein the rear end of the turbine (11) is connected to a generator (12), and the rear end of the generator (12) is connected to a terminal user (5); The deep ground heat storage module comprises a heat exchanger three (16), a water pump three (18), and a deep ground heat storage device (19) which are connected in sequence, and the deep ground heat storage device (19) is connected to the heat exchanger two (10); Heat exchanger 1 (2) is also connected in sequence to water pump 2 (6), heat pump unit 1 (7), and valve group (8), and valve group (8) is respectively connected to heat exchanger 2 (10) and heat exchanger 3 (16).

2. According to claim 1, a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data centers is characterized in that: A regenerator (13) is connected between the turbine (11) and the condenser (14), a heat pump unit 2 (21) is connected between the deep earth heat storage device (19) and the second heat exchanger (10), the regenerator (13) is connected to the heat pump unit 2 (21), and the heat pump unit 2 (21) is connected to the terminal user (5) via a valve (22).

3. According to claim 2, a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data centers is characterized in that: The thermoelectric conversion system also includes controller 1 (3), controller 2 (9), and controller 3 (20) for respectively regulating the operation of the waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and the deep ground heat storage module.

4. A thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data centers according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A filtering device (17) is connected between the heat exchanger three (16) and the water pump three (18).

5. A thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data center according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the waste heat is in excess, the waste heat passes through the heat exchanger three (16) and the filter device (17), and is injected into the deep ground heat storage device (19) for storage under the action of the water pump three (18).

6. A thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data center according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the residual heat is insufficient, the heat stored in the deep ground heat storage device (19) is heated by the heat pump unit 2 (21) to supply the organic Rankine cycle power generation module with electricity, and the residual heat is supplied to the end user (5) through the valve (22).

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