High-temperature high-vacuum interlayer cooling vacuum container

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-temperature and high-vacuum interlayer cooling vacuum container, which belongs to the technical field of airspace engines and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance of a carbon steel cylinder and good fuel gas flow uniformity. The invention relates to a gas burner, which comprises a cylindrical barrel, both ends of the barrel are elliptical heads, the side part of the barrel is provided with a gas inlet, the opposite side of the barrel is provided with a plurality of gas outlets, the barrel is internally provided with a flow guide device butted with the gas inlet, the outer wall of the barrel is provided with a cooling water channel along the axis of the barrel, and the cooling water channel is communicated with the gas inlet. The cooling water channel covers the outer wall of the whole barrel; the container has the main function of providing a hundred-Pa-level high vacuum degree condition for an engine when the rocket engine is tested, and the requirement for the high-altitude environment of 76 km or above is met. Meanwhile, gas flowing into the gas collecting chamber can be equalized, the flow deviation of inlets of the four heat exchangers is within 5%, the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger equipment is improved, and the problem that the structure in the prior art cannot meet functional indexes related to gas flow division is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace engines, and in particular to a high-temperature and high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container. Background Art

[0002] When a liquid rocket engine is tested at high altitude on the ground, a high altitude simulation test environment needs to be established. The high-temperature and high-speed combustion gas needs to be cooled again after passing through the vacuum chamber, diffuser, and water spray cooler to reach the working temperature of the ejector pump and then be sucked out. The gas collecting chamber provides a vacuum environment for the combustion gas to be cooled, and evenly distributes it to four heat exchangers through the built-in guide device to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0003] At present, conventional gas collecting chambers mainly use stainless steel single layer, carbon steel single layer or ordinary sandwich cylinder structure. The stainless steel single layer material can resist high temperature impact under the same flow rate of gas, but the cost is high; the carbon steel single layer structure has a lower cost but cannot withstand high temperature (above 500℃) impact due to material characteristics; the vacuum container with ordinary sandwich cylinder structure has a sharp rise in gas wall temperature after high temperature impact, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the cooling water in the sandwich, and the cooling water is prone to stagnation and bubbles, causing the pressure in the sandwich to rise sharply, and cavities are formed in some areas, affecting the cooling of the inner cylinder. All three cannot meet the corresponding indicators of the gas diversion function.

[0004] This plan is based on this background. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a high-temperature and high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A high-temperature, high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container comprises a cylindrical body, both ends of the body are elliptical heads, a gas inlet is arranged on the side of the body, a plurality of gas outlets are arranged on the opposite side, a flow guide device for docking with the gas inlet is arranged inside the body, a cooling water channel is arranged on the outer wall of the body along the axis of the body, and the cooling water channel covers the entire outer wall of the body.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, the cylindrical portion of the cylinder includes a main section and a split section, the main section is located in the middle, and the split sections are provided in two groups and are respectively located on both sides of the main section, the elliptical head is located at the other end of the split section away from the main section, and the connection between the main section and the split section is sleeved with a first liquid collecting ring connecting the cooling water channels on both sides, the first liquid collecting ring is provided with a water inlet and a first drain outlet, and a second liquid collecting ring is provided at the connection ring lines of the gas inlet and the gas outlet with the cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling water channel includes a main channel on the cylinder and a branch channel on the elliptical head that are connected. The main flow channel includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate of a C-shaped structure, wherein the first cover plate is inverted on the outer wall of the barrel at an equal distance, and the second cover plate is inverted and inserted between adjacent first cover plates, and the second cover plate is connected to the side wall of the first cover plate, and the first sub-flow channel formed by the second cover plate and the barrel is narrower and higher than the second sub-flow channel formed by the first cover plate and the barrel. The flow divider includes a reinforcing rib plate and a third cover plate. The reinforcing rib plate is radially arranged along the outer wall of the elliptical head, and the third cover plate is covered on the top of the reinforcing rib plate.

[0010] Furthermore, it is defined that the elliptical head is sequentially provided with an inner ring, a middle ring, and an outer ring from the end point to the bottom ring, and the reinforcing rib plate includes a first plate covering the inner ring, the middle ring, and the outer ring, a second plate covering the middle ring and the outer ring, and a third plate covering the outer ring. The first plates are circumferentially arranged, a second plate is arranged between adjacent first plates, and a third plate is arranged between the second plate and the first plate, and the third plate has the same angle with the first plate and the second plate, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, a third liquid collecting ring is provided at the vertex where the cooling water channels outside the elliptical head converge, and the first plate is connected to the third liquid collecting ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the flow guide device includes a base and a diverter portion which are integrally connected, the base is arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder, the diverter portion is perpendicular to the base and protrudes toward the gas inlet, and the cross-section of the diverter portion is triangular.

[0013] Furthermore, a sandwich structure covering the diversion part and the base is arranged on the windward surface of the guide device, the sandwich structure is located at the base and is provided with back reinforcement ribs on the surface facing the gas outlet, trapezoidal support ribs are arranged inside the sandwich structure, and a cooling pipeline connected to the sandwich structure is arranged inside the guide device, and a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe leading out of the cylinder are connected to the cooling pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, a guide plate is provided in the first liquid collecting ring and is located on the outer wall of the cylinder to block the water flow. The length of the guide plate in the radial direction of the cylinder is greater than the height of the cooling water channel.

[0015] Furthermore, a manhole is provided on the cylinder body, and a fourth liquid collecting ring is provided at the connecting loop between the cooling water channel and the manhole. The manhole includes a cylinder section connected to the cylinder body, and a flange cover covering the cylinder section. An outer ring plate is provided in an annular shape on the outer side of the cylinder section. The outer ring plate and the cylinder section form a sandwich to form a fourth liquid collecting ring, and a spiral water channel is provided on the inner wall of the flange cover.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: The main function of this container is to provide a high vacuum condition of about hPa for the engine during the rocket engine test, meeting the environmental requirements of an altitude of more than 76 km. At the same time, it can make the gas flowing into the gas collecting chamber flow uniform, improve the heat exchange efficiency of the subsequent heat exchanger equipment, and effectively solve the problem that the existing technical structure cannot meet the functional indicators related to gas diversion, and it has been successfully used on the rocket engine high-altitude simulation test bench. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature and high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 for Figure 1 The main view; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first cover plate and the second cover plate; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide device from a top-down perspective; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle flow guide device; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Sectional view along the middle BB direction; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling pipeline of the guide device from the left view perspective; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the sandwich structure of the guide device; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of a manhole; Fig.12 for Fig.11Schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the middle flange cover; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the diversion channel of the elliptical head; Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the internal section of the first liquid collecting ring.

[0018] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Cylinder; 2. Elliptical head; 3. Gas inlet; 4. Gas outlet; 5. Guide device; 6. Cooling water channel; 7. Main section; 8. Split section; 10. First collecting ring; 11. First drain outlet; 12. Water inlet; 13. Second collecting ring; 14. First cover plate; 15. Second cover plate; 16. Inner ring; 17. Middle ring; 18. Outer ring; 19. First plate; 20. Second plate; 21. Third plate; 22. Third collecting ring; 23. Base; 24. Diversion section; 25. Back reinforcement rib; 26. Trapezoidal support rib; 27. Cooling pipeline; 28. Cooling water inlet pipe; 29. ​​Cooling water outlet pipe; 30. Guide port; 31. Drainage plate; 32. Fourth collecting ring; 33. Cylinder section; 34. Flange cover; 35. Outer ring plate; 36. Spiral water channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] It will be appreciated that spatial relationship terms such as "under," "beneath," "below," "under," "above," "above," etc., may be used herein to describe the relationship of an element or feature shown in the figures to other elements or features. It will be appreciated that, in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatial relationship terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is flipped, an element or feature described as "under other elements" or "under it" or "under it" will be oriented as being "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms "under" and "under" may include both upper and lower orientations. In addition, the device may also include additional orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or connected to the other element through an intermediate element. The "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection", "communication connection", etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0023] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" etc. specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0024] like Figure 1-3 A high-temperature high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container shown in the figure comprises a cylindrical body 1, both ends of the body 1 are elliptical heads 2, a gas inlet 3 is arranged at the front side of the body 1, and a plurality of gas outlets 4 are arranged at the rear side. In this scheme, four gas outlets 4 are selected. A flow guide device 5 is arranged inside the body 1 to connect with the gas inlet 3, and the high-temperature gas is evenly diverted to both sides and discharged through the gas outlet 4.

[0025] The outer wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a cooling water channel 6 running along the axis of the cylinder 1, and the cooling water channel 6 covers the outer wall of the entire cylinder 1. The cylindrical part of the cylinder 1 includes a main section 7 and a split section 8, the main section 7 is located in the middle, and the gas inlet 3 is arranged in the middle of the main section 7. There are two groups of split sections 8, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main section 7. The split sections 8 are used to extend the length of the cylinder 1 and provide locations for installing more gas outlets 4. The main section 7 and the split sections 8 are welded, and the first liquid collecting ring 10 connecting the cooling water channels on both sides is sleeved on the outside of the connection. The elliptical head 2 is welded to the other end of the split section 8 away from the main section 7.

[0026] The main material of the cylinder 1 is Q345R. The main section 7 and the split section 8 are welded with annular welds after rolling. They are connected to the first liquid collecting ring 10 with a metal (non-metal) gasket. The length of the cylinder 1 is about 26000mm, the inner diameter is about φ4000mm, and the thickness is about 25mm. The heads on both sides are elliptical heads 2, and the specifications are designed with reference to the standard elliptical heads of corresponding sizes. The welding of the head and the cylinder 1 adopts a double-sided V-shaped weld. The cylinder 1 provides a vacuum environment for the vacuum container, and the vacuum degree reaches the level of hPa. The cylinder 1 can withstand the impact of 1000℃ gas of the rocket.

[0027] The cooling water channel 6 includes a main channel located on the cylinder 1 and a branch channel located on the elliptical head 2 which are connected.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, the main flow channel includes a first cover plate 14 and a second cover plate 15 of a C-shaped structure. The first cover plate 14 is equidistantly inverted on the outer wall of the cylinder 1, and the second cover plate 15 is inverted and inserted between adjacent first cover plates 14. The second cover plate 15 is connected to the side wall of the first cover plate 14. The first sub-flow channel formed by the second cover plate 15 and the cylinder 1 is narrower and higher than the second sub-flow channel formed by the first cover plate 14 and the cylinder 1.

[0029] The material of the first cover plate 14 and the second cover plate 15 is Q345R, which is rolled from a plate. The first sub-channel and the second sub-channel have a total of 240 grooves, which facilitate the flow of cooling water to reduce the temperature of the cylinder 1. The first cover plate 14 and the second cover plate 15 have 60 each, of which the first cover plate 14 is corner-welded on the cylinder 1, and the second cover plate 15 is corner-welded between two long groove plates. The first cover plate 14 and the second cover plate 15 are structurally welded on the outer wall of the cylinder 1 to improve the structural strength of the cylinder 1. The welding strength has been calculated and can withstand a water pressure of 1.6MPa.

[0030] The first liquid collecting ring 10 is used for gathering and diverting cooling water. Figure 4 , Fig.14 As shown, the first liquid collecting ring 10 is provided with a water inlet 12 and a first drain port 11. The first liquid collecting ring 10 is provided with an annular guide port 30 facing the cooling water channel 6. The first liquid collecting ring 10 is provided with a guide plate 31 located on the outer wall of the cylinder 1 for blocking the water flow. The guide plate 31 is longer in the radial direction of the cylinder 1 than the height of the cooling water channel 6.

[0031] A second liquid collecting ring 13 is provided at the connection loops between the gas inlet 3 and the gas outlet 4 and the cylinder 1, respectively. The cooling water channel 6 is gathered at the second liquid collecting ring 13, and the cooling water bypasses the gas inlet 3 and the gas outlet 4 and enters the cooling water channel 6 on the opposite side through the second liquid collecting ring 13. A cooling water channel 6 is also provided on the outer wall of the gas inlet 3 and the gas outlet 4, and a fifth liquid collecting ring is provided on the end surface, and a sixth liquid collecting ring is provided on the annular connection part with the cylinder 1, respectively, so that the cooling cycle is performed in a manner that water enters from the fifth liquid collecting ring and water exits from the sixth liquid collecting ring.

[0032] In this solution, all the liquid collecting rings are made of Q345R, and are all provided with L-shaped guide plates 31 inside, which are used to buffer and evenly distribute the cooling water when it enters, so that the cooling water flowing into the cooling water channel 6 is more uniform.

[0033] The flow diversion channel includes a reinforcing rib plate and a third cover plate, and the third cover plate forms a melon-shaped structure. The reinforcing rib plate is radially arranged along the outer wall of the elliptical head 2, and the third cover plate is arranged on the top of the reinforcing rib plate to form a plurality of flow diversion channels. The reinforcing rib plate can act as a reinforcing rib and can also divert the cooling water so that the cooling of the head is more uniform. The cooling water is buffered by the third liquid collecting ring 22 and then flows evenly to each cooling sub-flow channel.

[0034] like Fig.13 As shown, the elliptical head 2 is defined as having an inner ring 16, a middle ring 17, and an outer ring 18 arranged in sequence from the end point to the bottom ring, the reinforcing rib plate includes a first plate 19 covering the inner ring 16, the middle ring 17, and the outer ring 18, a second plate 20 covering the middle ring 17 and the outer ring 18, and a third plate 21 covering the outer ring 18. The first plates 19 are arranged circumferentially, the second plates 20 are arranged between adjacent first plates 19, and the third plate 21 is arranged between the second plate 20 and the first plate 19, and the third plate 21 has the same angle with the first plate 19 and the second plate 20, respectively.

[0035] A third liquid collecting ring 22 is provided at the vertex where the cooling water channels 6 outside the elliptical head 2 converge, and the first plate 19 is connected to the third liquid collecting ring 22 to collect the cooling water of the elliptical head 2 .

[0036] like Figure 6-10 As shown, the flow guide device 5 includes a base 23 and a diverter 24 which are connected in one piece. The base 23 is arranged along the axis direction of the cylinder 1. The diverter 24 is perpendicular to the base 23 and protrudes toward the direction of the gas inlet 3. The cross section of the diverter 24 is triangular. The diverter 24 of the flow guide device 5 is formed by bending a plate, and the smooth transition structure can prevent the gas from rushing straight.

[0037] The windward surface of the flow guide device 5 is provided with a sandwich structure covering the diverter 24 and the base 23. The sandwich structure is located at the base 23 and is provided with a back reinforcing rib 25 on the surface facing the gas outlet 4. Trapezoidal support ribs 26 are provided inside the sandwich structure. The back support rib plate and the outer wall form a cooling water chamber to cool the outer wall while improving the structural strength. A cooling pipeline 27 connected to the sandwich structure is provided inside the flow guide device 5. The cooling pipeline 27 is connected to a cooling water inlet pipe 28 and a cooling water outlet pipe 29 leading out of the cylinder 1. The cooling pipeline 27 is a metal pipe, which adopts a one-in-two-out arrangement. The cooling pipeline 27 is formed by bending a straight pipe, which can absorb a certain axial deformation of the flow guide device 5.

[0038] The top and bottom of the flow guide device 5 are both arc-shaped liquid collecting ring structures. The top liquid collecting ring is formed separately, and the bottom liquid collecting ring is welded to the inner tube of the gas collecting chamber. A certain distance is reserved between the top liquid collecting ring and the upper part of the inner tube of the gas collecting chamber to prevent energy loss caused by gas stagnation. At the same time, an arc-shaped block is designed at the top of the inner tube of the liquid collecting ring to serve as a safety limit for the flow guide device 5 when high-speed gas impacts, preventing high-temperature gas impact from causing structural instability. The back gas surface of the flow guide device 5 is a water-cooled wall structure, which improves the strength while also reducing the back wall temperature.

[0039] The guide device 5 is made of stainless steel, which can evenly distribute the gas entering the cylinder 1 to the four gas outlets 4, and the flow difference of each gas outlet 4 is no more than 5%. The guide device 5 is coated with an inorganic high-temperature resistant coating on the gas-facing surface, which can withstand the impact of high-temperature gas at the 1000°C level.

[0040] like Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, a manhole is provided on the cylinder 1, and the material is Q345R, and the inlet and outlet water pipes are symmetrically arranged on both sides thereof. A fourth liquid collecting ring 32 is provided at the connection loop between the cooling water channel 6 and the manhole. The manhole includes a cylinder section 33 connected to the cylinder 1, and a flange cover 34 covering the cylinder section 33. An outer ring plate 35 is provided in an annular shape on the outer side of the cylinder section 33. The outer ring plate 35 and the cylinder section 33 form a sandwich to form the fourth liquid collecting ring 32. A spiral water channel 36 is provided on the inner wall of the flange cover 34. Specifically, a spiral rib plate is welded on the inner wall of the flange cover 34. The cooling water flows along the spiral path, which extends the heat transfer path and surface area, making the cooling water flow more uniform. The flange cover 34 increases the cooling water inlet and outlet, and the cooling water is in the form of bottom inlet and middle outlet, making the cooling area larger and more uniform.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature high-vacuum interlayer cooling vacuum container, characterized in that: It comprises a cylindrical body, both ends of which are elliptical heads, a gas inlet is arranged on the side of the body, a plurality of gas outlets are arranged on the opposite side, a flow guide device for docking with the gas inlet is arranged inside the body, a cooling water channel is arranged on the outer wall of the body along the axis of the body, and the cooling water channel covers the entire outer wall of the body.

2. A high-temperature and high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical part of the cylinder includes a main section and a split section, the main section is located in the middle, and the split section is provided with two groups and respectively located on both sides of the main section, the elliptical head is located at the other end of the split section away from the main section, and the connection between the main section and the split section is sleeved with a first liquid collecting ring connecting the cooling water channels on both sides, the first liquid collecting ring is provided with a water inlet and a first drain outlet, and a second liquid collecting ring is provided at the connection ring lines of the gas inlet and the gas outlet with the cylinder respectively.

3. The high-temperature and high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling water channel includes a main channel on the cylinder and a branch channel on the elliptical head that are connected. The main flow channel includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate of a C-shaped structure, wherein the first cover plate is inverted on the outer wall of the barrel at an equal distance, and the second cover plate is inverted and inserted between adjacent first cover plates, and the second cover plate is connected to the side wall of the first cover plate, and the first sub-flow channel formed by the second cover plate and the barrel is narrower and higher than the second sub-flow channel formed by the first cover plate and the barrel. The flow divider includes a reinforcing rib plate and a third cover plate. The reinforcing rib plate is radially arranged along the outer wall of the elliptical head, and the third cover plate is covered on the top of the reinforcing rib plate.

4. A high temperature and high vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elliptical head is defined as having an inner ring, a middle ring, and an outer ring arranged in sequence from the end point to the bottom ring, the reinforcing rib plate comprises a first plate covering the inner ring, the middle ring, and the outer ring, a second plate covering the middle ring and the outer ring, and a third plate covering the outer ring, the first plates are arranged circumferentially, a second plate is arranged between adjacent first plates, a third plate is arranged between the second plate and the first plate, and the third plate has the same angle with the first plate and the second plate, respectively.

5. A high temperature and high vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third liquid collecting ring is arranged at the vertex where the cooling water channels outside the elliptical head converge, and the first plate is connected to the third liquid collecting ring.

6. The high-temperature and high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide device includes a base and a diverter portion which are integrally connected. The base is arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder. The diverter portion is perpendicular to the base and protrudes toward the direction of the gas inlet. The cross section of the diverter portion is triangular.

7. A high temperature and high vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sandwich structure covering the diversion part and the base is arranged on the windward surface of the guide device, the sandwich structure is located at the base and is provided with back reinforcement ribs on the surface facing the gas outlet, trapezoidal support ribs are arranged inside the sandwich structure, a cooling pipeline connected to the sandwich structure is arranged inside the guide device, and a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe leading out of the cylinder are connected to the cooling pipeline.

8. The high-temperature and high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first liquid collecting ring is provided with a guide plate located on the outer wall of the cylinder for blocking water flow, and the length of the guide plate along the radial direction of the cylinder is greater than the height of the cooling water channel.

9. The high-temperature and high-vacuum sandwich cooling vacuum container according to claim 1, characterized in that: A manhole is arranged on the cylinder body, and a fourth liquid collecting ring is arranged at the connecting loop line between the cooling water channel and the manhole. The manhole comprises a cylinder section connected to the cylinder body, and a flange cover covering the cylinder section. An outer ring plate is arranged in an annular shape on the outer side of the cylinder section, and the outer ring plate and the cylinder section form a sandwich to form a fourth liquid collecting ring. A spiral water channel is arranged on the inner wall of the flange cover.

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