Power measuring device and method based on analog quantum voltage source

Abstract

The invention provides a power measurement device and method based on an analog quantum voltage source, and a first standard voltage source in the power measurement device is an analog quantum voltage source and is used for generating a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform; the second standard voltage source is an alternating current quantum voltage source and is used for outputting a second standard quantum voltage of the sine step wave; under the condition that the other end of the switching element is connected with a second standard voltage source, the processor adjusts the first standard quantum voltage based on the second standard quantum voltage; the standard quantum voltage of the alternating-current quantum voltage source is transmitted to the analog quantum voltage source, the difference value of power differential sampling can be reduced through the pure sine wave signal of the analog quantum voltage, continuous measurement is achieved, the requirement for the stability of the power source is lowered, the bi-pass analog quantum voltage source is achieved, and the measurement accuracy is improved. And differential measurement control of different phases of voltage and current is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of power measurement, and in particular, relates to a power measurement device and method based on a simulated quantum voltage source. Background Art

[0002] Currently, a programmable AC quantum voltage source, the Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS), is used to measure AC power. The specific measurement process is as follows: the voltage channel and the current channel of the power to be measured correspond to sinusoidal signals respectively, and the PJVS generates a step wave corresponding to each sinusoidal signal; for each sinusoidal signal, the amplitude of the sinusoidal signal is determined according to the difference between the sinusoidal signal and the step wave corresponding to the sinusoidal signal, and the amplitude of the corresponding step wave; based on the amplitude of each sinusoidal signal and the phase difference between the two sinusoidal signals, the power to be measured is determined.

[0003] However, current power measurement devices have the problem of requiring high stability of the measured power source. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a power measurement device and method based on a simulated quantum voltage source, aiming to solve the problem that the power measurement device in the traditional technology has high requirements on the stability of the measured power source.

[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a power measurement device based on a simulated quantum voltage source, comprising:

[0006] A conversion module, used for acquiring a voltage to be measured and a current to be measured, and converting the voltage to be measured into a first conversion voltage, and converting the current to be measured into a second conversion voltage;

[0007] A first standard voltage source, which is a simulated quantum voltage source and is used to generate a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform;

[0008] A first differential device, used to measure a first voltage difference between the first standard quantum voltage and the first conversion voltage;

[0009] a second differential device, used to measure a second voltage difference between the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage;

[0010] A processor, configured to obtain a power to be measured according to the first voltage difference, the second voltage difference and the first standard quantum voltage;

[0011] A second standard voltage source, which is an AC quantum voltage source and is used to output a second standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal step wave;

[0012] at least one switch element, one end of the switch element is connected to the first differential element or the second differential element, the other end of the switch element is selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the first conversion voltage / second conversion voltage, and when the other end of the switch element is connected to the second standard voltage source, the processor adjusts the first standard quantum voltage based on the second standard quantum voltage.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the second standard voltage source is a programmable Josephson quantum voltage source.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the power measurement device includes at least two switch elements, the at least two switch elements include a first switch element and a second switch element, one end of the first switch element is connected to the first input end of the first differential device, and the other end of the first switch element can be selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the first conversion voltage;

[0015] One end of the second switch element is connected to the first input end of the second differential device, and the other end of the second switch element can be selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the second conversion voltage.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the second input terminal of the first differential device is connected to the first standard voltage source, and when the first switch is connected to the second standard voltage source, the first differential device outputs a first differential signal;

[0017] The second input terminal of the second differential device is connected to the first standard voltage source, and when the second switch element is connected to the second standard voltage source, the second differential device outputs a second differential signal;

[0018] The processor adjusts an output voltage of the first standard voltage source based on the first differential signal and the second differential signal to form the first standard quantum voltage.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the first standard quantum voltage includes a first sub-voltage and a second sub-voltage, the first sub-voltage is used to be output to the first differential converter, and the second sub-voltage is used to be output to the second differential converter.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the first standard voltage source includes an internal clock, the first standard voltage source is also connected to an external clock, and an isolation resistor is provided between the external clock and the internal clock;

[0021] The processor is further configured to use the external clock as the clock of the first standard voltage source when the switch element is connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the first conversion voltage / second conversion voltage.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the power measurement device includes a first conversion device, the first conversion device is used to receive the voltage to be measured, and convert the voltage to be measured into the first conversion voltage according to a first target scaling factor;

[0023] And / or, the power measurement device includes a second conversion device, wherein the second conversion device is used to receive the current to be measured and convert the current to be measured into the second conversion voltage according to a first target scaling factor.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a power measurement method based on a simulated quantum voltage source, the power measurement method being applied to the power measurement device as described above, the power measurement method comprising the following steps:

[0025] Obtaining a second standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal step wave of a second standard voltage source;

[0026] adjusting the output voltage of the first standard voltage source based on the difference between the second standard quantum voltage and the output voltage of the first standard voltage source to form a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform;

[0027] Obtaining a first voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and a first conversion voltage, wherein the first conversion voltage corresponds to a voltage to be measured;

[0028] and obtaining a second voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage, wherein the second conversion voltage corresponds to the current to be measured;

[0029] The power to be measured is obtained based on the first voltage difference, the second voltage difference and the first standard quantum voltage.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, before obtaining the first voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the first conversion voltage, the step further includes:

[0031] Switching the other end of the switch from being connected to the second standard voltage source to being connected to the first conversion device, so as to be connected to the first conversion voltage;

[0032] Before obtaining the second voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage, the method further includes:

[0033] The other end of the switch device is switched from being connected to the second standard voltage source to being connected to the second conversion device, so as to be used for connecting to the second conversion voltage.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, before adjusting the output voltage of the first standard voltage source based on the difference between the second standard quantum voltage and the output voltage of the first standard voltage source to form a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform, the method includes:

[0035] The output voltage of the first standard voltage source is controlled to be in phase with the second standard quantum voltage by a synchronization signal.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, after obtaining the second voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage, the method further includes:

[0037] calculating a differential difference between the first voltage difference and the second voltage difference;

[0038] If the differential difference is not within the preset range, the phase of the first standard quantum voltage is adjusted until the differential difference is within the preset range.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: a power measurement device and method based on a simulated quantum voltage source of the present application, the power measurement device comprising a conversion module, a first standard voltage source, a first differential device, a second differential device, a processor, a second standard voltage source and at least one switch; the conversion module is used to obtain a voltage to be measured and a current to be measured, and convert the voltage to be measured into a first conversion voltage, and convert the current to be measured into a second conversion voltage; the first standard voltage source is a simulated quantum voltage source, and is used to generate a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform; the first differential device is used to measure a first voltage difference between the first standard quantum voltage and the first conversion voltage; the second differential device is used to measure a second voltage difference between the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage; the processor is used to generate a first standard quantum voltage according to the first voltage difference, the second voltage difference and the first standard voltage difference. The quasi-quantum voltage is used to obtain the power to be measured; the second standard voltage source is an AC quantum voltage source, and is used to output a second standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal step wave; one end of the switch is connected to the first differential device or the second differential device, and the other end of the switch can be selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the first conversion voltage / second conversion voltage, and when the other end of the switch is connected to the second standard voltage source, the processor adjusts the first standard quantum voltage based on the second standard quantum voltage; in the present application, the standard quantum voltage of the AC quantum voltage source is transferred to the simulated quantum voltage source, and the pure sinusoidal wave signal of the simulated quantum voltage is used to reduce the difference of the power differential sampling, and realize continuous measurement, reduce the requirements for the stability of the power source, and realize a dual-pass simulated quantum voltage source, which simplifies the differential measurement control of different phases of voltage and current. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a power measurement device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of a power measurement device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the steps of a power measurement method provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Specific element symbol description: K1-first switch device, K2-second switch device, D1-first differential device, D2-second differential device, U6-first conversion device, U7-second conversion device, U5-first standard voltage source, U8-processor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0045] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0046] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0047] It is important to know that with the rapid development of global science and technology, especially in the fields of power, electronic measurement and energy management, the accuracy and reliability of power and electric energy measurement are increasingly required. Internationally, quantum power and electric energy standard technology is the cornerstone for ensuring the accuracy of electric energy measurement. Its mainstream routes are mainly divided into "standard power source" solution and "standard power meter" solution. Both solutions are based on the Josephson Voltage Standard (JVS) as the traceability benchmark, providing unprecedented accuracy and stability for electric energy and power measurement.

[0048] The standard power source solution uses a high-voltage amplifier and a high-current transconductance amplifier to accurately amplify the Josephson quantum voltage, thereby generating a standard power signal that can be directly used to calibrate power or electric energy measurement equipment. The core of this solution is to use high-precision voltage power amplifiers and transconductance power amplifiers to achieve accurate signal amplification and calibration. However, in order to overcome the transition process of PJVS (programmable Josephson voltage reference) and the influence of Gibbs phenomenon, the standard power source needs to have extremely high stability. However, the research and development of high-stability power sources is difficult and costly, and complex phase separation is required for 0.5L (inductive load) and 0.5C (capacitive load), which increases the complexity of control. At the same time, the standard power source solution requires the technical threshold of precision voltage power amplifiers and transconductance power amplifiers, and the cost of use is too high. In addition, the Josephson quantum voltage needs to work in a low-temperature environment close to absolute zero (about 4K), and is very sensitive to grounding and interference signals. This requires that the standard power source solution must be operated in a standard laboratory environment, which increases the complexity of operation and maintenance.

[0049] The standard power meter solution converts the voltage and current components in the power or electric energy signal to be measured into a small voltage through a voltage divider and a current sensor, and then performs differential measurement with the quantum voltage as the reference, thereby realizing the value transfer. The standard power meter solution collects the difference between the voltage and PJVS signal and the difference between the current signal and PJVS through two differential sampling channels, reconstructs the original signal value through the difference signal and calculates the power value. However, this process places extremely high demands on the accuracy of differential measurement, and any slight error may have a significant impact on the final result. And similar to the standard power source solution, the standard power meter solution also needs to overcome the influence of the transition process of PJVS and the Gibbs phenomenon to ensure the accuracy and stability of the measurement. Similarly, since the quantum voltage needs to work in a low-temperature environment close to absolute zero, the standard power meter solution can only operate in a standard laboratory environment, which limits its flexibility in practical applications.

[0050] Based on this, the present application improves the traditional power measurement device and method.

[0051] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the framework structure of the power measurement device provided in this embodiment; Figure 1 The simulated quantum voltage source in corresponds to the first standard voltage source in this embodiment, the two differential samples correspond to the first differential device D1 and the second differential device D2 respectively, the DSP control corresponds to the processor U8, and the PJVS corresponds to the second standard voltage source. A power measurement device based on a simulated quantum voltage source in this embodiment includes a conversion module, a first standard voltage source, a first differential device D1, a second differential device D2, a processor U8, a second standard voltage source, and at least one switch.

[0052] It should be explained that the conversion module is responsible for acquiring the voltage and current signals to be measured and converting them into voltage signals suitable for subsequent processing. The function of the conversion module is to convert the voltage and current to be measured with larger signal amplitudes into signals with signal amplitudes close to the standard quantum voltage. The two differential devices are used to measure the difference between the standard quantum voltage and the converted voltage and current signals to be measured. Differential measurement technology helps to suppress common mode noise and improve the anti-interference ability of the measurement.

[0053] The conversion module in this embodiment is used to obtain the voltage to be measured and the current to be measured, and convert the voltage to be measured into a first conversion voltage, and convert the current to be measured into a second conversion voltage; the first standard voltage source is an analog quantum voltage source, and is used to generate a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform; the first differential device D1 is used to measure the first voltage difference between the first standard quantum voltage and the first conversion voltage; the second differential device D2 is used to measure the second voltage difference between the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage; the processor U8 is used to obtain the power to be measured according to the first voltage difference, the second voltage difference and the first standard quantum voltage; the second standard voltage source is an AC quantum voltage source, and is used to output a second standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal step wave; one end of the switch element is connected to the first differential device D1 or the second differential device D2, and the other end of the switch element can be selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the first conversion voltage / second conversion voltage, and when the other end of the switch element is connected to the second standard voltage source, the processor U8 adjusts the first standard quantum voltage based on the second standard quantum voltage.

[0054] It is understandable that the output signal of the AC quantum voltage source is directly used as the standard quantum voltage in the current power measurement device, which has high requirements on the environment and anti-interference ability of the AC quantum voltage source, so it is difficult to achieve a high measurement accuracy. However, in the present application, by transferring the standard quantum voltage of the AC quantum voltage source to the simulated quantum voltage source, the pure sinusoidal wave signal of the simulated quantum voltage is conducive to reducing the difference of the power differential sampling, and realizing continuous measurement, reducing the requirements for the stability of the power source, and realizing a dual-pass simulated quantum voltage source (such as two first standard quantum voltages are output to the first differential device D1 and the second differential device D2 respectively), simplifying the differential measurement control of different phases of voltage and current.

[0055] Specifically, the measurement method based on the simulated quantum voltage source in this embodiment can realize differential sampling of approximate quantum accuracy at room temperature. Since the simulated quantum voltage can achieve a stability better than 3ppm (three parts per million) within 1000 hours, it can ensure that the 7ppm level of AC active power can be achieved without the calibration of the quantum voltage within one month, and the measurement of the simulated quantum voltage at room temperature is realized. And it can also greatly reduce the cost. Since the simulated quantum voltage realizes full sampling, it does not require a ppm-level high-precision power source in the differential sampling of AC power, and only requires an ordinary 0.05-level power source. In addition, the power source cost can be reduced, and at the same time, the operating cost of the low-temperature environment of PJVS can be eliminated. At the same time, the traditional quantum differential sampling system can only be used to calibrate high-precision electric energy standard devices in the laboratory because the quantum synthesis device must work in a low-temperature (4K) environment. The power measurement device in this application can realize the calibration of standard electric energy meters above 0.02 level by carrying instruments to the site.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the second standard voltage source is a programmable Josephson quantum voltage source. Specifically, the signal of the first standard voltage source is 1V.

[0057] It can be understood that, since PJVS is a step wave and there is a transition process of step rise and fall, the second standard quantum voltage is transmitted to the simulated quantum voltage source. Since the signal of the simulated voltage of the simulated quantum voltage source is only 1V, a quasi-ideal sine wave and high stability can be achieved, and the transmission accuracy is high. The simulated quantum voltage source has a pure sine wave relative to the step wave of PJVS, which can reduce the difference in power differential sampling, thereby improving the accuracy of differential sampling. In addition, the simulated quantum voltage source can output 2 phase-adjustable sine waves for differential sampling of power factors of 0.5L (Inductive) and 0.5C (Capacitive), and there is no transition process and step wave of PJVS, so full sampling is achieved, the differential voltage is small, and continuous sampling is performed throughout the process.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The power measuring device of this embodiment includes at least two switch elements, and the at least two switch elements include a first switch element K1 and a second switch element K2. One end of the first switch element K1 is connected to the first input end of the first differential device D1, and the other end of the first switch element K1 can be selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the first conversion voltage; one end of the second switch element K2 is connected to the first input end of the second differential device D2, and the other end of the second switch element K2 can be selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the second conversion voltage.

[0059] It can be understood that the first switch element K1 can select, as needed, to connect the first input end of the first differential device D1 to the second standard voltage source (for forming the first standard quantum voltage through the second standard quantum voltage) or directly to the first conversion voltage (i.e., measuring the first voltage difference). The first switch element K1 can select, as needed, to connect the first input end of the second differential device D2 to the second standard voltage source (for forming the first standard quantum voltage through the second standard quantum voltage) or directly to the first conversion voltage (i.e., measuring the second voltage difference).

[0060] In some embodiments, the first differential device D1 is a voltage ratio conversion device, such as converting 100V to 1V. The second differential device D2 is a current ratio conversion device, such as converting 5A to 1V.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the second input end of the first differential device D1 is connected to the first standard voltage source, and when the first switch device K1 is connected to the second standard voltage source, the first differential device D1 outputs a first differential signal; the second input end of the second differential device D2 is connected to the first standard voltage source, and when the second switch device K2 is connected to the second standard voltage source, the second differential device D2 outputs a second differential signal; the processor U8 adjusts the output voltage of the first standard voltage source based on the first differential signal and the second differential signal to form a first standard quantum voltage.

[0062] It is understandable that the processor U8 receives the differential signals from the first differential device D1 and the second differential device D2, and adjusts the output voltage of the first standard voltage source according to these signals. By adjusting the output voltage, the processor U8 can form and maintain an accurate and stable first standard quantum voltage. This standard quantum voltage is the basis for subsequent power measurement.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The first standard quantum voltage of this embodiment includes a first sub-voltage and a second sub-voltage, the first sub-voltage is used to output to the first differential converter, and the second sub-voltage is used to output to the second differential converter.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first standard voltage source provided in this embodiment is shown. The first standard voltage source in this embodiment includes an internal clock. The first standard voltage source is also connected to an external clock, and an isolation resistor is arranged between the external clock and the internal clock. The processor U8 is also used to use the external clock as the clock of the first standard voltage source when the switch element is connected to the second standard voltage source or the first conversion voltage / second conversion voltage is connected.

[0065] It should be explained that the first standard voltage source has a built-in clock module for generating a stable clock signal. This clock signal is the basis for the internal operation of the voltage source, such as the waveform used to generate the standard quantum voltage. An external clock can provide higher accuracy or stability, especially in situations where long-term operation or high-precision measurement is required. The processor U8 can automatically switch the clock source according to the state of the switch. When high-precision measurement or calibration is required, an external clock can be selected to ensure the stability and accuracy of the first standard voltage source.

[0066] It is understandable that an isolation resistor is set between the external clock and the internal clock. The function of this resistor is to prevent the external clock signal from interfering with the internal clock and to ensure electrical isolation between the two clock signals.

[0067] In some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The power measurement device of this embodiment includes a first conversion device U6, which is used to receive a voltage to be measured and convert the voltage to be measured into a first conversion voltage according to a first target scaling factor.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first conversion device U6 is a transformer.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, the power measurement device includes a second conversion device U7, and the second conversion device U7 is used to receive the current to be measured and convert the current to be measured into a second conversion voltage according to a first target scaling factor.

[0070] In some embodiments, the second converter is a current sensor.

[0071] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 The power measurement device in some embodiments of the present application includes a programmable power source U2 (for inputting the current and voltage to be measured), a high-stable clock U1, a PJVS quantum voltage synthesis device U3, an analog quantum voltage source (corresponding to the first standard voltage source), a first converter, a second converter, a first switch element K1 and a second switch element K2, a first differential device D1, a second differential device D2, a DSP control (corresponding to the processor U8) and a human-computer interaction U4.

[0072] In some embodiments, the programmable power source U2 includes an XL803F three-phase programmable power source, or includes other 0.05-level three-phase programmable power sources.

[0073] In some embodiments, the high temperature clock U1 uses a rubidium atomic clock or a clock with an accuracy better than 10 -10 clock.

[0074] In some embodiments, the PJVS quantum voltage synthesis device U3 includes a complete PJVS quantum voltage synthesis device consisting of a microwave source, a multifunctional industrial computer, a bias voltage, a quantum chip, a quantum voltage generation control software, etc. The present invention adopts the NIM-QUANTUM-001 AC quantum voltage synthesis device.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first converter adopts a voltage ratio standard of 2ppm (Parts Per Million), and different specifications can be selected according to different input voltages, such as 100V to 1V, 220V to 1V.

[0076] In some embodiments, the second converter uses precision resistors, and different specifications can be selected according to different input currents, such as 1A to 1V, 5A to 1V, 10A to 1V, and 100A to 1V.

[0077] In some embodiments, the analog quantum voltage source includes a high-stability crystal U51, a DSP (digital signal processor U8) U53, a 32M SDRAM U52, a DDS frequency multiplier U55, a resistor R1, a DAC conversion module U541, U542, and a reference voltage U56.

[0078] Specifically, 32M SDRAM is a synchronous dynamic random access memory, and DDS frequency multiplication is a highly integrated direct digital frequency synthesizer. The high-stability crystal U51 uses a constant temperature crystal of 10-8. The resistance value of the isolation resistor is 100 ohms. The DSP outputs the waveform stored in the SDRAM to DAC module 1 and DAC module 2 through DMA (direct memory access). Construct two high-precision sinusoidal voltage waveforms, and the TSCLK of the SPORT of the DSP controls the output clock of the DMA. The clock can be controlled by the DSP as an internal output clock or an external input clock. The internal input and external output clocks can be automatically isolated through the isolation resistor.

[0079] Further, in order to better implement the power measurement device in any of the above embodiments, on the basis of the above power measurement device, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the steps of the power measurement method provided in this embodiment; the present application also provides a power measurement method based on a simulated quantum voltage source, the power measurement method is applied to the power measurement device as described above, and the power measurement method comprises the following steps:

[0080] S100: Acquire a second standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal step wave of a second standard voltage source; specifically, the second standard quantum voltage is a quantum voltage signal output by PJVS.

[0081] S200: adjusting the output voltage of the first standard voltage source based on the difference between the second standard quantum voltage and the output voltage of the first standard voltage source to form a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform; specifically, if the output voltage of the first standard voltage source is larger than the second standard quantum voltage, then reducing the output voltage of the first standard voltage source; if the output voltage of the first standard voltage source is smaller than the second standard quantum voltage, then increasing the output voltage of the first standard voltage source; after the adjustment is completed, the output voltage of the first standard voltage source is used as the first standard quantum voltage.

[0082] S300: Obtaining a first voltage difference based on a first standard quantum voltage and a first conversion voltage, where the first conversion voltage corresponds to a voltage to be measured;

[0083] S400: obtaining a second voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage, wherein the second conversion voltage corresponds to the current to be measured;

[0084] S500: The power to be measured is obtained based on the first voltage difference, the second voltage difference and the first standard quantum voltage. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the standard quantum voltage of the AC quantum voltage source can be transferred to the simulated quantum voltage source, and the pure sinusoidal wave signal of the simulated quantum voltage is helpful to reduce the difference of the power differential sampling, thereby helping to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, before obtaining the first voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the first conversion voltage, the method further includes:

[0086] Switching the other end of the switch from being connected to the second standard voltage source to being connected to the first conversion device U6 for connecting to the first conversion voltage;

[0087] Before obtaining the second voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage, the following step is further included:

[0088] The other end of the switch element is switched from being connected to the second standard voltage source to being connected to the second conversion element U7 for connecting to the second conversion voltage.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present application, before adjusting the output voltage of the first standard voltage source based on the difference between the second standard quantum voltage and the output voltage of the first standard voltage source to form a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform, the method includes:

[0090] The output voltage of the first standard voltage source is controlled to be in phase with the second standard quantum voltage by the synchronization signal. Specifically, the synchronization signal comes from the PJVS quantum voltage synthesis device U3, which can be used to control the starting position of each cycle, and enable DMA output when the synchronization signal comes.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, after obtaining the second voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage, the method further includes:

[0092] calculating a differential difference between the first voltage difference and the second voltage difference;

[0093] If the differential difference is not within the preset range, the phase of the first standard quantum voltage is adjusted until the differential difference is within the preset range.

[0094] The specific process of the power measurement method of this application is as follows:

[0095] like Figure 1 In the structure shown, the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 are turned to the position of the contact 3;

[0096] The processor U8 controls the clock of the simulated quantum voltage source to be in external clock mode, and both the PJVS and the simulated quantum voltage source output 1V AC signals;

[0097] The output voltage of the two simulated quantum voltage sources is controlled to be in phase with the output voltage of the PJVS through the synchronization signal;

[0098] The two differential sampling values ​​are read by differential sampling. When the differential sampling value is positive, the output amplitude of the simulated quantum voltage source is adjusted to be reduced. When the differential sampling value is negative, the amplitude of the simulated quantum voltage is increased until the difference between the amplitude of the simulated quantum voltage and the amplitude of PJVS is less than 1ppm. Thus, the first standard quantum voltage is formed.

[0099] Then, the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 are turned to the position of contact 2 to control the clock of the simulated quantum voltage source to be in an external clock mode (for accurately obtaining the sampling value of the simulated quantum voltage source after differential sampling);

[0100] The programmable power source outputs the voltage value or current value to be tested, and the voltage value and current value must be used in conjunction with the voltage ratio and current ratio to ensure that the AC voltage value after the voltage ratio conversion and the current ratio conversion is 1V. For example, if the power source outputs 100V and 5A, the voltage ratio must be 100V:1V and 5A:1V.

[0101] The sampling rate of differential sampling is set to 1MSPS (1 million samples per second), and the two differential sampling values ​​are read through differential sampling. The phases of the two simulated quantum voltage sources are adjusted so that the differential sampling difference is less than 0.1%. Specifically, this is conducive to achieving a similar in-phase effect as PJVS. In fact, the in-phase does not need to be too accurate, and the difference part is reconstructed and reproduced through differential sampling.

[0102] According to the differential sampling value, the original sampling value of voltage and current is reconstructed. For example, if the differential sampling value is Sd, and the value of the simulated quantum voltage source is Smi (its initial value is calibrated by the synchronization signal), then the original sampling value S = Smi + Sd. The voltage, current, power and electric energy values ​​are calculated according to the reconstructed sampling value.

[0103] In some embodiments, when there is an electric energy pulse input, the electric energy error value can be directly calculated based on the pulse input.

[0104] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0105] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only for example and does not constitute a limitation of the present application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and amendments to the present application. Such modifications, improvements and amendments are suggested in the present application, so such modifications, improvements and amendments still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0106] At the same time, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0107] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description of the disclosure of this application and thus help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the above description of the embodiments of this application, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, figure or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the features required by the object of this application are more than the features mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiments are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above.

[0108] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A power measurement device based on a simulated quantum voltage source, characterized in that: include: A conversion module, used for acquiring a voltage to be measured and a current to be measured, and converting the voltage to be measured into a first conversion voltage, and converting the current to be measured into a second conversion voltage; A first standard voltage source, which is a simulated quantum voltage source and is used to generate a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform; A first differential device, used to measure a first voltage difference between the first standard quantum voltage and the first conversion voltage; a second differential device, used to measure a second voltage difference between the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage; A processor, configured to obtain a power to be measured according to the first voltage difference, the second voltage difference and the first standard quantum voltage; A second standard voltage source, which is an AC quantum voltage source and is used to output a second standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal step wave; at least one switch element, one end of the switch element is connected to the first differential element or the second differential element, the other end of the switch element is selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the first conversion voltage / second conversion voltage, and when the other end of the switch element is connected to the second standard voltage source, the processor adjusts the first standard quantum voltage based on the second standard quantum voltage.

2. The power measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second standard voltage source is a programmable Josephson quantum voltage source.

3. The power measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power measurement device comprises at least two switch elements, the at least two switch elements comprise a first switch element and a second switch element, one end of the first switch element is connected to the first input end of the first differential device, and the other end of the first switch element can be selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the first conversion voltage; One end of the second switch element is connected to the first input end of the second differential device, and the other end of the second switch element can be selectively connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the second conversion voltage.

4. The power measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second input terminal of the first differential device is connected to the first standard voltage source, and when the first switch element is connected to the second standard voltage source, the first differential device outputs a first differential signal; The second input terminal of the second differential device is connected to the first standard voltage source, and when the second switch element is connected to the second standard voltage source, the second differential device outputs a second differential signal; The processor adjusts an output voltage of the first standard voltage source based on the first differential signal and the second differential signal to form the first standard quantum voltage.

5. The power measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first standard quantum voltage includes a first sub-voltage and a second sub-voltage, the first sub-voltage is used to be output to the first differential converter, and the second sub-voltage is used to be output to the second differential converter.

6. The power measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first standard voltage source includes an internal clock, the first standard voltage source is also connected to an external clock, and an isolation resistor is provided between the external clock and the internal clock; The processor is further configured to use the external clock as the clock of the first standard voltage source when the switch element is connected to the second standard voltage source or connected to the first conversion voltage / second conversion voltage.

7. The power measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power measurement device comprises a first conversion device, the first conversion device being used to receive the voltage to be measured and convert the voltage to be measured into the first conversion voltage according to a first target scaling factor; And / or, the power measurement device includes a second conversion device, wherein the second conversion device is used to receive the current to be measured and convert the current to be measured into the second conversion voltage according to a first target scaling factor.

8. A power measurement method based on a simulated quantum voltage source, characterized in that: The power measurement method is applied to the power measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the power measurement method comprises the following steps: Obtaining a second standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal step wave of a second standard voltage source; adjusting the output voltage of the first standard voltage source based on the difference between the second standard quantum voltage and the output voltage of the first standard voltage source to form a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform; Obtaining a first voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and a first conversion voltage, wherein the first conversion voltage corresponds to a voltage to be measured; and obtaining a second voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage, wherein the second conversion voltage corresponds to the current to be measured; The power to be measured is obtained based on the first voltage difference, the second voltage difference and the first standard quantum voltage.

9. The power measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before obtaining the first voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the first conversion voltage, the method further includes: Switching the other end of the switch from being connected to the second standard voltage source to being connected to the first conversion device, so as to be connected to the first conversion voltage; Before obtaining the second voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage, the method further includes: The other end of the switch device is switched from being connected to the second standard voltage source to being connected to the second conversion device, so as to be used for connecting to the second conversion voltage.

10. The power measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before adjusting the output voltage of the first standard voltage source based on the difference between the second standard quantum voltage and the output voltage of the first standard voltage source to form a first standard quantum voltage of a sinusoidal waveform, the method includes: The output voltage of the first standard voltage source is controlled to be in phase with the second standard quantum voltage by a synchronization signal.

11. The power measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After obtaining the second voltage difference based on the first standard quantum voltage and the second conversion voltage, the method further includes: calculating a differential difference between the first voltage difference and the second voltage difference; If the differential difference is not within the preset range, the phase of the first standard quantum voltage is adjusted until the differential difference is within the preset range.

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