Display module

Abstract

The invention relates to a display module. The display module comprises an optical waveguide and an optical machine. The optical waveguide comprises a reflection cylindrical surface, a partial reflection surface, a connection surface and a display assembly. The optical waveguide is connected with the optical machine through the connecting surface; the partial reflection surface is arranged on an emergent light path of the connecting surface; the reflecting cylindrical surface is arranged on a reflecting light path of the partial reflecting surface; the reflection cylindrical surface is any one of a total reflection cylindrical surface, a partial reflection cylindrical surface and a cylindrical sawtooth array; the partial reflection surface is used for projecting light waves emitted by the light machine through the connecting surface to the reflection cylindrical surface; the reflection cylindrical surface is used for reflecting light waves to the polarization reflection surface; and the partial reflection surface is also used for transmitting the light wave to the display assembly. By adopting the display module, the near-to-eye display volume can be reduced.

Description

[0001] Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 2024113184986, filed on September 20, 2024, and entitled “Display Module,” the entire text of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of near-eye display technology, and in particular to a display module. Background Art

[0004] Near-eye display is a technology that uses a display device placed within the non-clear vision distance of the human eye to render light field information to the human eye, thereby reconstructing a virtual scene in front of the human eye. Optical waveguide technology is one of the most promising technologies for near-eye display. The optical waveguide guides the propagation of light waves in it, transmits the image light emitted by the optical-mechanical system in the near-eye display to the human eye and expands the pupil.

[0005] However, conventional technologies have the problem of large size of near-eye displays. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a display module that can reduce the volume of near-eye display in order to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a display module, the display module comprising: an optical waveguide and an optical machine; the optical waveguide comprises a reflective cylindrical surface, a partial reflective surface, a connecting surface and a display component; the optical waveguide is connected to the optical machine via the connecting surface; the partial reflective surface is arranged on an outgoing light path of the connecting surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is arranged on a reflective light path of the partial reflective surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is any one of a total reflective cylindrical surface, a partial reflective cylindrical surface and a cylindrical sawtooth array;

[0008] The partial reflection surface is used to project the light waves emitted by the optical machine through the connection surface to the reflection cylindrical surface;

[0009] The reflecting cylindrical surface is used to reflect the light waves to the partial reflecting surface;

[0010] The partially reflective surface is also used to transmit light waves to the display component.

[0011] In one embodiment, the optical waveguide further comprises a folded reflective surface; the folded reflective surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the connecting surface, and the partial reflective surface is arranged on the reflected light path of the folded reflective surface; an angle is formed between the folded reflective surface and the reflective cylindrical surface; the folded reflective surface is arranged at any end of the reflective cylindrical surface, or the folded reflective surface is arranged at any part of the reflective cylindrical surface except the end;

[0012] The folded reflective surface is used to project the light waves emitted by the optical machine through the connecting surface onto the partial reflective surface.

[0013] In one embodiment, the optical machine includes a micro display, an upper prism and a lower prism; the upper prism includes an upper prism translucent surface and an upper prism refractive surface, and the lower prism includes a lower prism reflective surface; the upper prism translucent surface and the lower prism reflective surface are in contact and connected; the connecting surface is arranged on the reflective light path of the upper prism translucent surface; the partial reflective surface is a plane polarized reflective surface;

[0014] The upper prism transmissive surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display through the upper prism refractive surface to the lower prism reflective surface;

[0015] The lower prism reflective surface is used to reflect light waves to the upper prism transmissive and reflective surface;

[0016] The upper prism transmissive and reflective surface is also used to reflect the light waves to the connecting surface, so that the connecting surface emits the light waves to the optical waveguide.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the upper prism further comprises an upper prism reflecting surface;

[0018] The upper prism transflective surface is used to reflect the light waves of the micro display refracted by the upper prism refractive surface to the upper prism reflective surface;

[0019] The upper prism reflective surface is used to reflect light waves to the upper prism transmissive and reflective surface;

[0020] The upper prism transmissive surface is also used to reflect light waves to the lower prism reflective surface;

[0021] The lower prism reflective surface is also used to reflect the light waves to the upper prism transmissive surface, so that the upper prism transmissive surface emits the light waves to the optical waveguide through the connecting surface.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the optical machine further comprises: a lens group;

[0023] The lens group is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display to the refractive surface of the upper prism.

[0024] In one of the embodiments, the optical machine further includes: an illumination prism; the illumination prism is arranged on an outgoing light path of the micro display.

[0025] In one embodiment, the optical machine includes a micro display, an illumination prism, a lens group and a polarization folding lens; the polarization folding lens includes a partial reflection surface and a first polarization reflection surface;

[0026] The partially reflective surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display through the illumination prism to the polarized reflective surface;

[0027] The first polarized reflecting surface is used to reflect the light wave to the partial reflecting surface;

[0028] The partial reflection surface is also used to reflect the light wave to the first polarization reflection surface, so that the first polarization reflection surface transmits the light wave to the connecting surface through the lens group, and emits the light wave to the optical waveguide through the connecting surface.

[0029] In one embodiment, the optical machine includes a micro display, a lens group and a prism; the prism includes a first prism surface, a second prism surface, a third prism surface and a fourth prism surface; the first prism surface and the second prism surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the third prism surface and the fourth prism surface are arranged opposite to each other; the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the first prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located and the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the second prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located are both smaller than a first preset angle value, the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the third prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located and the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the fourth prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located are both larger than a second preset angle value, and each of the prism surfaces is a free-form prism surface, or an aspherical prism surface;

[0030] The lens group is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display to the first prism surface;

[0031] The first prism surface is used to transmit the light wave to the second prism surface;

[0032] The second prism surface is used to reflect the light waves to the third prism surface;

[0033] The third prism surface is used to reflect the light wave to the fourth prism surface, so that the fourth prism surface transmits the light wave to the connecting surface, and emits the light wave to the optical waveguide through the connecting surface.

[0034] In one embodiment, the partial reflection surface is a cylindrical polarization surface, and the center point of the partial reflection surface is the same as that of the reflection cylindrical surface.

[0035] In one embodiment, the optical machine includes a micro display and an annular prism; the annular prism includes an annular refractive surface and an annular reflective surface; the connecting surface is arranged on the reflection light path of the annular reflective surface; the display area of ​​the micro display is an annular area;

[0036] The annular refractive surface is used to refract the light waves emitted by the micro display to the annular reflective surface;

[0037] The annular reflection surface is used to reflect the light wave to the connection surface, so that the connection surface emits the light wave to the optical waveguide.

[0038] In one embodiment, the annular prism further includes a first transmission surface and a second transmission surface; the first transmission surface is connected to the annular refractive surface, the first transmission surface is arranged on the reflection light path of the annular reflection surface, the second transmission surface is arranged on the emission light path of the first transmission surface, and the connecting surface is arranged on the emission light path of the second transmission surface;

[0039] The annular reflective surface is used to reflect the light waves to the first transmission surface;

[0040] The first transmission surface is used to refract light waves to the second transmission surface;

[0041] The second transmission surface is used to refract the light wave to the connecting surface, so that the connecting surface emits the light wave to the optical waveguide.

[0042] In one of the embodiments, when the image source of the micro display is liquid crystal on silicon, the optical machine further includes an illumination light source and a second polarized reflection surface;

[0043] The second polarized reflection surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the illumination light source to the micro display.

[0044] In one embodiment, when the image source of the micro display is a cylindrical image source, the optical machine further includes a third polarized reflection surface; the annular reflection surface includes an upper reflection surface and a lower reflection surface;

[0045] The annular refractive surface is used to refract the light waves emitted by the micro display to the third polarized reflective surface;

[0046] The third polarized reflection surface is used to reflect the light waves to the upper reflection surface;

[0047] The upper reflection surface is used to reflect the light waves through the polarized reflection surface to the lower reflection surface;

[0048] The lower reflection surface is used to reflect the light wave to the connection surface, so that the connection surface emits the light wave to the optical waveguide.

[0049] In one of the embodiments, when the image source of the microdisplay is a conical image source, the optical machine includes a microdisplay and a lens group; the lens group is arranged on the output light path of the microdisplay.

[0050] In one embodiment, the optical machine includes a micro display, a refractive surface, a fourth polarized reflective surface and a reflective surface; the refractive surface, the fourth polarized reflective surface and the reflective surface are all connected to the connecting surface, the refractive surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the micro display, the fourth polarized reflective surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the refractive surface, and the reflective surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the fourth polarized reflective surface;

[0051] The refractive surface is used to refract the light waves emitted by the micro display to the third polarized reflective surface;

[0052] The fourth polarized reflection surface is used to reflect the light wave to the reflection surface;

[0053] The reflection surface is used to reflect the light wave to the third polarized reflection surface, so that the third polarized reflection surface reflects the light wave to the connecting surface.

[0054] In a second aspect, the present application provides a display module, the display module comprising: an upper optical waveguide, a lower optical waveguide and an optical machine; the upper optical waveguide comprises a first interface, an incident surface and a reflective surface, the lower optical waveguide comprises a second interface and a display component; the first end surface of the upper optical waveguide and the second end surface of the lower optical waveguide are both in the shape of a right-angle sawtooth array; the optical machine is connected to the upper optical waveguide through the incident surface; the end surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the incident surface; the incident surface comprises an array of reflectors, each of which is perpendicular to the surface of the upper optical waveguide; or the incident surface comprises a diffraction element, and the diffraction element is arranged on the surface of the upper optical waveguide;

[0055] The incident surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the optical machine through the first interface to the end surface, and reflect the light waves to the reflection surface through the end surface;

[0056] The reflecting surface is used to reflect the light wave to the second interface;

[0057] The second interface is used to transmit the light wave to the display component.

[0058] In one embodiment, the upper optical waveguide further includes a turning lens.

[0059] The display module comprises an optical waveguide and an optical machine, wherein the optical waveguide comprises a reflective cylindrical surface, a partial reflective surface, a connecting surface and a display component; the optical waveguide is connected to the optical machine via the connecting surface; the partial reflective surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the connecting surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is arranged on the reflecting light path of the partial reflective surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is any one of a total reflective cylindrical surface, a partial reflective cylindrical surface and a cylindrical sawtooth array; the partial reflective surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the optical machine through the connecting surface to the reflective cylindrical surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is used to reflect the light waves to the partial reflective surface , so that the partial reflection surface transmits the light wave to the display component. Since the emitting cylindrical surface included in the optical waveguide in the display module is any one of a total reflection cylindrical surface, a partial reflection cylindrical surface and a cylindrical sawtooth array, the light wave can be completely reflected to the partial reflection surface through the reflection cylindrical surface, thereby ensuring the integrity of the light wave reflection. There is no need to add additional components to the optical machine, and the light emitted by the optical machine can be completely reflected to the polarization plane of the optical waveguide, thereby reducing the volume occupied by the optical machine and ensuring the realization of the full function of the display module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0061] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module in one embodiment;

[0062] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a display module in another embodiment;

[0063] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a component in one embodiment;

[0064] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram showing components in another embodiment;

[0065] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical waveguide in an embodiment;

[0066] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical waveguide in another embodiment;

[0067] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical waveguide in another embodiment;

[0068] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in an embodiment;

[0069] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0070] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0071] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0072] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0073] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0074] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0075] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical waveguide in another embodiment;

[0076] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0077] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0078] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0079] Fig.19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0080] Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical machine in another embodiment;

[0081] Fig.21 It is a structural schematic diagram of a display module in another embodiment;

[0082] Fig. 22 It is a structural schematic diagram of a display module in another embodiment;

[0083] Fig.23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an upper optical waveguide in another embodiment;

[0084] Description of reference numerals:

[0085] 10: optical waveguide; 101: reflecting cylindrical surface; 102: partially reflecting surface;

[0086] 103: connection surface; 104: display component; 105: partial reflection surface;

[0087] 1051: first reflection surface; 1052: second reflection surface; 1053: third reflection surface;

[0088] 106: folded reflective surface; 107: refractive surface; 20: optical machine; 201: micro display;

[0089] 202: upper prism; 2021: upper prism transverse surface; 2022: upper prism refractive surface;

[0090] 2023: upper prism reflection surface; 203: lower prism; 2031: lower prism reflection surface;

[0091] 204: lens group; 205: illumination prism; 206: polarization folding lens;

[0092] 2061: partial reflection surface; 2062: first polarized reflection surface; 207: annular prism;

[0093] 2071: annular refractive surface; 2072: annular reflective surface; 20721: upper reflective surface;

[0094] 20722: lower reflection surface; 2073: first transmission surface; 2074: second transmission surface;

[0095] 208: second polarized reflection surface; 209: illumination light source; 2010: third polarized reflection surface;

[0096] 2011: refractive surface; 2012: fourth polarized reflective surface; 2013: reflective surface;

[0097] 2014: prism; 20141: first prism surface; 20142: second prism surface;

[0098] 20143: The third prism surface; 20144: The fourth prism surface;

[0099] 30: upper optical waveguide; 301: first interface; 302: incident surface;

[0100] 303: reflecting surface; 3021: first reflecting mirror; 3022: second reflecting mirror;

[0101] 3023: third reflector; 304: folding lens; 40: lower optical waveguide;

[0102] 401: second interface; 402: display component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0103] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a display module is provided, which includes an optical waveguide 10 and an optical machine 20; the optical waveguide 10 includes a reflective cylindrical surface 101, a partially reflective surface 102, a connecting surface 103 and a display component 104; the optical waveguide 10 is connected to the optical machine 20 via the connecting surface 103; the partially reflective surface 102 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the connecting surface 103; the reflective cylindrical surface 101 is arranged on the reflecting light path of the partially reflective surface 102; the reflective cylindrical surface 101 is any one of a total reflection cylindrical surface, a partial reflection cylindrical surface and a cylindrical sawtooth array; the partial reflection surface 102 is used to project the light waves emitted by the optical machine 20 through the connecting surface 103 to the reflective cylindrical surface 101; the reflective cylindrical surface 101 is used to reflect the light waves to the partially reflective surface 102; the partially reflective surface 102 is also used to transmit the light waves to the display component 104.

[0105] Optionally, in this embodiment, the optical waveguide 10 may be connected to the optical machine 20 via the connection surface 103 by gluing, or by laminating, etc. This embodiment does not limit the connection method between the optical waveguide 10 and the optical machine 20 via the connection surface 103, as long as the optical waveguide 10 can be connected to the optical machine 20 via the connection surface 103. Optionally, in this embodiment, the material of the connection surface 103 may be the same as that of the partial reflection surface 102, or the connection surface 103 may be made of a different material from that of the partial reflection surface 102. Optionally, in this embodiment, the optical waveguide 10 and the optical machine 20 may be connected by different contact methods, Figure 1 This is just an exemplary connection method. As an optional implementation, the connection surface 103 can also be Figure 2 In the position shown in Figure 2 In the structure shown, an optical machine 20 is connected to the lower right of the optical waveguide 10, and light waves are provided by the optical machine 20.

[0106] Optionally, in this embodiment, the display component 104 may include partial reflective strips arranged in an array, that is, the structure of the display component 104 may be as follows: Figure 3 Alternatively, it may be a surface relief diffraction device or a super surface, that is, the structure of the display component 104 may be as follows: Figure 4 In the structure shown, the function of the display component 104 is to guide the light waves out of the optical waveguide 10 so that they can be seen by human eyes.

[0107] Optionally, in the present embodiment, the reflective cylindrical surface 101 may be any one of a total reflection cylindrical surface, a partial reflection cylindrical surface, and a cylindrical sawtooth array. It is understood that when the reflective cylindrical surface 101 is a total reflection cylindrical surface, the reflective cylindrical surface 101 can reflect all light waves to the partial reflection surface 102. It is understood that when the reflective cylindrical surface 101 is a cylindrical sawtooth array, the cylindrical sawtooth array can return the original direction of the incident light, and it has no optical focal length. The optical machine 20 only needs to output parallel light, so that the lens of the optical machine 20 can be rotationally symmetric, thereby reducing the difficulty of the optical machine design. Optionally, in the present embodiment, the partial reflection surface 102 can be a polarized reflection surface, or a partial reflection surface such as a semi-reflective and semi-transparent surface. When the partial reflecting surface 102 is a semi-reflective and semi-transparent surface, after the light wave hits the partial reflecting surface 102, the angle of the light passing through the partial reflecting surface 102 is large and cannot enter the human eye, and will not interfere with the image. The light wave reflected by the partial reflecting surface 102 will be reflected by the reflecting cylinder 101, and then hit the partial reflecting surface 102 again. Some of the light waves directly pass through the partial reflecting surface 102 and enter the display component 104. This is the correct light required. The other part will be reflected by the partial reflecting surface 102 and return to the direction of the optical machine, which has no effect on the image.

[0108] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the reflective cylindrical surface 101 is cylindrical. In this structure, when the light wave enters the connecting surface 103, it is not parallel light in the xy plane, but becomes parallel light after being reflected by the reflective cylindrical surface 101. In this embodiment, as an optional implementation, Figure 5 As shown, a partial reflecting surface parallel to the partial reflecting surface 102 can be added to realize the pupil expansion function through the partial reflecting surface, that is, to increase the cross-section of the light wave. In this way, the size of the connecting surface 103 between the optical machine 20 and the optical waveguide will be reduced, thereby making the overall size of the optical machine 20 smaller.

[0109] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the reflective surface 101 is a cylindrical sawtooth array. In this structure, light waves enter the optical waveguide as parallel light in both the xy screen and the xz plane. Therefore, the optical surface of the optical engine 20 can be a rotationally symmetric plane such as a spherical surface, an even-order aspherical surface, etc. Further, by Figure 6The multiple parallel partial reflection surfaces 105 shown or the diffraction grating located on the surface of the optical waveguide widens the cross-section of the light beam and guides the light wave to the partial reflection surface 102. If multiple parallel partial reflection surfaces 105 are used, their reflectivity can be gradually increased. For example, the reflectivity of the first reflection surface 1051 is 33.3%, the reflectivity of the second reflection surface 1052 is 66.6%, and the third reflection surface 1053 can be a total reflection mirror. The advantage of using multiple parallel partial reflection surfaces 105 to expand the light wave is that the light input size of the optical machine 20 is reduced to half of the original or less.

[0110] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the partial reflection surface 102 is perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide, i.e., the xy plane, and has a certain angle range with the x-axis direction, such as 20° to 60°. The partial reflection surface 102 can transmit p-type polarized light and reflect s-type polarized light, or, conversely, can transmit s-type polarized light and reflect p-type polarized light.

[0111] In this embodiment, the partial reflection surface 102 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the connecting surface 103, and the reflection cylinder 101 is arranged on the reflecting light path of the partial reflection surface 102. After the optical machine 20 emits the light wave, it is transmitted to the partial reflection surface 102 through the connecting surface 103. At this time, the light wave is s-type polarized light. Further, the partial reflection surface 102 projects the light wave to the reflection cylinder 101. A quarter wave plate is attached to the reflection cylinder 101. After the reflection cylinder 101 reflects the light wave, the s-type polarized light is converted into p-type polarized light, and the reflection cylinder 101 reflects the light wave to the partial reflection surface 102, so that the partial reflection surface 102 transmits the light wave to the display component 104.

[0112] Based on the above examples, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The above-mentioned optical waveguide 10 also includes a folded reflection surface 106; the folded reflection surface 106 is arranged on the output light path of the connecting surface 103, and the partial reflection surface 102 is arranged on the reflection light path of the folded reflection surface 106; an angle is formed between the folded reflection surface 106 and the reflection cylindrical surface 101; the folded reflection surface 106 is arranged at any end of the reflection cylindrical surface 101, or the folded reflection surface 106 is arranged at any part of the reflection cylindrical surface 101 except the end; the folded reflection surface 106 is used to transmit the light wave emitted by the optical machine 20 through the connecting surface 103 to the partial reflection surface 102.

[0113] Among them, the folded reflecting surface 106 can bend the light wave at a certain angle to shorten the length of the light wave in the y direction. In this embodiment, the light wave emitted by the optical machine 20 reaches the folded reflecting surface 106 after passing through the connecting surface 103, and then the light wave is projected to the partial reflecting surface 102 through the folded reflecting surface 106, and the light wave is projected to the reflecting cylindrical surface 101 through the partial reflecting surface 102, so that the reflecting cylindrical surface 101 reflects the light wave to the partial reflecting surface 102, so that the partial reflecting surface 102 transmits the light wave to the display component 104.

[0114] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the folded reflective surface 106 being disposed at any end of the reflective cylindrical surface 101. As another example, the schematic diagram of the structure in which the folded reflective surface 106 is disposed at any position on the reflective cylindrical surface 101 except the end can be as follows: Figure 7 As shown. Figure 7 In the structure shown, the optical waveguide also includes a folded reflecting surface, which is arranged on the output light path of the connecting surface, and a partial reflecting surface is arranged on the reflected light path of the folded reflecting surface. An angle is formed between the folded reflecting surface and the reflecting cylindrical surface. The light wave can be turned at a certain angle by the folded reflecting surface to shorten the length of the light wave in the x direction. In addition, the folded reflecting surface can project the light wave emitted by the optical machine through the connecting surface onto the partial reflecting surface, that is, the length of the light wave projected to the polarized reflection surface in the x direction can be shortened by the folded reflecting surface.

[0115] The display module comprises an optical waveguide and an optical machine, wherein the optical waveguide comprises a reflective cylindrical surface, a partial reflective surface, a connecting surface and a display component; the optical waveguide is connected to the optical machine via the connecting surface; the partial reflective surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the connecting surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is arranged on the reflecting light path of the partial reflective surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is any one of a total reflective cylindrical surface, a partial reflective cylindrical surface and a cylindrical sawtooth array; the partial reflective surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the optical machine through the connecting surface to the reflective cylindrical surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is used to reflect the light waves to the polarized reflective surface , so that the partial reflection surface transmits the light wave to the display component. Since the emitting cylindrical surface included in the optical waveguide in the display module is any one of a total reflection cylindrical surface, a partial reflection cylindrical surface and a cylindrical sawtooth array, the light wave can be completely reflected to the partial reflection surface through the reflection cylindrical surface, thereby ensuring the integrity of the light wave reflection. There is no need to add additional components to the optical machine, and the light emitted by the optical machine can be completely reflected to the polarization plane of the optical waveguide, thereby reducing the volume occupied by the optical machine and ensuring the realization of the full function of the display module.

[0116] In this embodiment, an optical machine adapted to the above optical waveguide is explained. In one embodiment, Figure 8As shown, the optical machine 20 includes a microdisplay 201, an upper prism 202 and a lower prism 203; the upper prism 202 includes an upper prism translucent surface 2021 and an upper prism refractive surface 2022, and the lower prism 203 includes a lower prism reflective surface 2031; the upper prism translucent surface 2021 and the lower prism reflective surface 2031 are in contact and connected; the connecting surface 103 is arranged on the reflection light path of the upper prism translucent surface 2021; part of the reflective surface 102 is a plane polarized reflective surface; the upper prism translucent surface 2021 is used to transmit the light waves emitted from the microdisplay 201 through the upper prism refractive surface 2022 to the lower prism reflective surface 2031; the lower prism reflective surface 2031 is used to reflect the light waves to the upper prism translucent surface 2021; the upper prism translucent surface 2021 is also used to reflect the light waves to the connecting surface 103, so that the connecting surface 103 emits the light waves to the optical waveguide 10.

[0117] First, it should be noted that, in this embodiment, the partial reflection surface 102 is a plane polarized reflection surface. Optionally, in this embodiment, the upper prism 202 and the lower prism 203 are glued to form an upper prism transflective surface 2021, and the upper prism transflective surface 2021 can be composed of a composite film of a polarized reflection film and a quarter wave plate. In addition, it should be noted that it is easy to manufacture the micro display 201 as a plane, but a better imaging effect can be achieved when the micro display 201 is a conical surface.

[0118] In this embodiment, the upper prism translucent surface 2021 and the lower prism reflective surface 2031 are in contact and connected, and the connecting surface 103 between the optical waveguide 10 and the optical machine 20 is arranged on the reflective light path of the upper prism translucent surface 2021. The light waves emitted by the micro display 201 enter the upper prism 202 through the upper prism refractive surface 2022, pass through the upper prism translucent surface 2021, and are transmitted by the upper prism translucent surface 2021 to the lower prism reflective surface 2031. The lower prism reflective surface 2031 reflects the light waves to the upper prism translucent surface 2021, and the upper prism translucent surface 2021 reflects the light waves to the above-mentioned connecting surface 103, so that the connecting surface 103 emits the light waves to the optical waveguide 10.

[0119] Optionally, in this embodiment, if Fig. 9As shown, the optical machine 20 may further include a lens group 204, which is disposed on the outgoing light path of the micro display 201, and the lens group 204 transmits the light waves emitted by the micro display 201 to the upper prism refractive surface 2022. The optical waveguide system generally requires a micro display screen with high brightness. Common micro displays include liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS), micro-light emitting diodes (LED), organic light-emitting semiconductors (OLED), etc. Among them, LCOS requires the cooperation of the lighting system. Therefore, as an optional implementation, when the micro display 201 is LCOS, please continue to refer to Fig. 9 The optical machine 20 further includes an illumination prism 205 , which is disposed on the outgoing light path of the micro display 201 . The light waves emitted by the micro display 201 pass through the illumination prism 205 and reach the lens group 204 .

[0120] In this embodiment, the optical machine includes a microdisplay, an upper prism and a lower prism; the upper prism includes an upper prism translucent surface and an upper prism refractive surface, and the lower prism includes a lower prism reflective surface; the upper prism translucent surface and the lower prism reflective surface are in contact and connected; the connecting surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine is arranged on the reflective light path of the upper prism translucent surface; part of the reflective surface is a plane polarized reflective surface; the upper prism translucent surface can transmit the light waves emitted by the microdisplay through the upper prism refractive surface to the lower prism reflective surface, the lower prism reflective surface can reflect the light waves to the upper prism translucent surface, and the upper prism translucent surface can also reflect the light waves to the connecting surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine, so that the connecting surface emits the light waves to the optical waveguide. Through this structure of the optical machine, the light emitted by the optical machine is transmitted to the optical waveguide, thereby reaching the human eye through the optical waveguide, ensuring the normal realization of the near-eye display module function.

[0121] In this embodiment, another structure of the optical engine is explained. Fig.10 As shown, the upper prism 202 further includes an upper prism reflective surface 2023; an upper prism translucent surface 2021, which is used to reflect the light waves refracted by the micro display 201 through the upper prism refractive surface 2022 to the upper prism reflective surface 2023; the upper prism reflective surface 2023 is used to reflect the light waves to the upper prism translucent surface 2021; the upper prism translucent surface 2021 is also used to reflect the light waves to the lower prism reflective surface 2031, and the lower prism reflective surface 2031 is also used to reflect the light waves to the upper prism translucent surface 2021, so that the upper prism translucent surface 2021 emits the light waves to the optical waveguide 10 through the connecting surface 103.

[0122] In this embodiment, the upper prism 202 further includes an upper prism reflecting surface 2023, and the upper prism reflecting surface 2023 can be in contact with and connected to the upper prism refractive surface 2022. Optionally, the upper prism transflective surface 2021 can be composed of a composite film of a quarter wave plate, a polarizing reflective film, and a quarter wave plate. In this embodiment, after the light wave emitted by the micro display 201 enters the upper prism 202, it is first refracted by the upper prism refractive surface 2022, and the light is circularly polarized light. After the light wave is refracted by the upper prism refractive surface 2022, it hits the quarter wave plate of the upper prism transflective surface 2021, and the light is p-type polarized light. After being reflected by the polarizing reflective film of the upper prism transflective surface 2021, it becomes circularly polarized light again, and then is reflected by the upper prism reflecting surface 2023. After being emitted, the circular polarization direction is reversed, and it passes through the wave plate of the upper prism transflective surface 2021 again to become s light, and then passes through the polarization reflection film of the upper prism transflective surface 2021 and the quarter wave plate below to become circularly polarized light and reach the lower prism reflection surface 2023. After the light wave is reflected by the lower prism reflection surface 2031, the circular polarization direction is reversed, and it hits the quarter wave plate of the upper prism transflective surface 2021 again to become p light, which is reflected by the polarization reflection film of the upper prism transflective surface 2021, and finally the light wave is reflected to the connecting surface 103, and finally the light wave is emitted to the optical waveguide 10.

[0123] In addition, in this embodiment, it should be noted that, since the optical waveguide 10 uses a reflective cylindrical surface, the focal length of the light wave in the XY plane and the XZ plane is inconsistent, and therefore, at least one of the upper prism reflection surface 2023, the upper prism refractive surface 2022, and the lower prism reflection surface 2031 of the optical machine 20 is a non-rotationally symmetric surface. Preferably, the three surfaces can all be plane-symmetric free-form surfaces, in which case the best imaging effect can be achieved.

[0124] Similarly, in this embodiment, as an optional implementation, please continue to refer to the above Fig.10 The optical machine 20 may further include a lens group 204 , which is disposed on an outgoing light path of the micro display 201 , and transmits the light waves emitted by the micro display 201 to the upper prism refractive surface 2022 .

[0125] As another optional implementation, when the micro display 201 is the above-mentioned LCOS, please continue to refer to the above-mentioned Fig.10 The optical machine 20 further includes an illumination prism 205 , which is disposed on an outgoing light path of the microdisplay 201 . The light waves emitted by the microdisplay 201 pass through the illumination prism 205 and reach the lens group 204 .

[0126] In this embodiment, the upper prism of the optical machine also includes an upper prism reflecting surface. After the microdisplay emits the light wave, the light wave is first transmitted to the upper prism refractive surface of the optical machine, and the light wave is refracted to the upper prism translucent surface by the upper prism refractive surface of the optical machine, and the light wave is reflected to the upper prism reflecting surface by the upper prism translucent surface. The upper prism reflecting surface reflects the light wave to the upper prism translucent surface, and the upper prism translucent surface transmits the light wave to the lower prism reflecting surface. The lower prism reflecting surface reflects the light wave to the upper prism translucent surface, so that the upper prism translucent surface emits the light wave to the optical waveguide through the connecting surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine. The optical machine structure can improve the imaging quality and the optical resolution.

[0127] In this embodiment, another structure of the optical engine 20 is explained. Fig.11 As shown, the optical machine 20 includes a microdisplay 201, an illumination prism 205, a lens group 204 and a polarization folding lens 206; the polarization folding lens 206 includes a partial reflection surface 2061 and a first polarization reflection surface 2062; the partial reflection surface 2061 is used to transmit the light waves emitted from the microdisplay 201 through the illumination prism 205 to the first polarization reflection surface 2062; the first polarization reflection surface 2062 is used to reflect the light waves to the partial reflection surface 2061; the partial reflection surface 2061 is also used to reflect the light waves to the first polarization reflection surface 2062, so that the first polarization reflection surface 2062 transmits the light waves to the connecting surface 103 through the lens group 204, and emits the light waves to the optical waveguide 10 through the connecting surface 103.

[0128] The first polarized reflective surface 2062 can transmit one polarized light and reflect another polarized light.

[0129] In this embodiment, after the light wave is emitted from the micro display 201, it passes through the illumination prism 205 and reaches the partial reflection surface 2061, the partial reflection surface 2061 transmits the light wave to the first polarization reflection surface 2062, the first polarization reflection surface 2062 reflects the light wave to the partial reflection surface 2061, the light wave is reflected by the partial reflection surface 2061 and passes through the first polarization reflection surface 2062, the first polarization reflection surface 2062 reflects the light wave to the lens group 204, the light wave is transmitted to the connection surface 103 of the optical waveguide 10 and the optical machine 20 through the lens group 204, and the light wave is emitted to the optical waveguide 10 through the connection surface 103. Optionally, the lens group in the embodiment of the present application can be a cemented lens, a single lens, etc.

[0130] In the present embodiment, the optical machine includes a microdisplay, an illumination prism, a lens group and a polarization folding lens; the polarization folding lens includes a partial reflection surface and a first polarization reflection surface; the partial reflection surface can transmit the light wave emitted by the microdisplay through the illumination prism to the first polarization reflection surface, the first polarization reflection surface can reflect the light wave to the partial reflection surface, and the partial reflection surface can reflect the light wave to the first polarization reflection surface, so that the first polarization reflection surface transmits the light wave through the lens group to the connection surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine, and emits the light wave to the optical waveguide through the connection surface. The optical machine structure realizes the transmission of the light wave to the optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide can transmit the light wave to the human eye, ensuring the normal realization of the function of the near-eye display module.

[0131] In this embodiment, another structure of the optical engine 20 is explained. Fig.12 As shown, the optical machine 20 includes a micro display 201, a lens group 204 and a prism 2014; the prism 2014 includes a first prism surface 20141, a second prism surface 20142, a third prism surface 20143 and a fourth prism surface 20144; the first prism surface 20141 and the second prism surface 20142 are arranged opposite to each other, and the third prism surface 20143 and the fourth prism surface 20144 are arranged opposite to each other; the angle between the tangent plane at the center of the first prism surface 20141 and the plane where the display screen is located and the angle between the tangent plane at the center of the second prism surface 20142 and the plane where the display screen is located are both smaller than the first preset angle value, and the angle between the tangent plane at the center of the third prism surface 20143 and the plane where the display screen is located is greater than 0.01. and the angles between the tangent plane at the center of the fourth prism surface 20144 and the plane where the display screen is located are all greater than the second preset angle value, and each prism surface is a free-form prism surface, or an aspherical prism surface; the lens group 204 is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display 201 to the first prism surface 20141; the first prism surface 20141 is used to transmit the light waves to the second prism surface 20142; the second prism surface 20142 is used to reflect the light waves to the third prism surface 20143; the third prism surface 20143 is used to reflect the light waves to the fourth prism surface 20144, so that the fourth prism surface 20144 transmits the light waves to the connecting surface 103, and emits the light waves to the optical waveguide 10 through the connecting surface.

[0132] Wherein, the prism 2014 is a four-sided prism, and each prism surface of the four-sided prism is a free-form prism surface, or an aspherical prism surface. Optionally, the first preset angle value and the second preset angle value in this embodiment can be the same or different, for example, the first preset angle value and the second preset angle value can both be 45 degrees, the first preset angle value can be 30 degrees, the second preset angle value can be 60 degrees, etc., and this embodiment is not limited here.

[0133] In this embodiment, after the light wave is emitted from the micro display 201, it passes through the lens group 204 and reaches the first prism surface 20141. The first prism surface 20141 transmits the light wave to the second prism surface 20142. The second prism surface 20142 reflects the light wave to the third prism surface 20143. The third prism surface 20143 reflects the light wave to the fourth prism surface 20144, so that the fourth prism surface 20144 transmits the light wave to the connecting surface 103, and the light wave is emitted to the optical waveguide 10 through the connecting surface 103.

[0134] Optionally, in this embodiment, a lens group may be provided between the optical waveguide and the fourth prism surface 20144. Optionally, the lens group in the embodiment of the present application may be a cemented lens, a single lens, and the like.

[0135] In this embodiment, the optical machine includes a micro display, a lens group and a prism, the prism includes a first prism surface, a second prism surface, a third prism surface and a fourth prism surface; the first prism surface and the second prism surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the third prism surface and the fourth prism surface are arranged opposite to each other; the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the first prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located and the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the second prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located are both smaller than the first preset angle value, the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the third prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located and the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the fourth prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located are both larger than the first preset angle value. At the second preset angle value, the lens group can transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display to the first prism surface, the first prism surface can transmit the light waves to the second prism surface, the second prism surface can transmit the light waves to the third prism surface, and the third prism surface can reflect the light waves to the fourth prism surface, so that the fourth prism surface transmits the light waves to the connecting surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine, and the light waves are emitted to the optical waveguide through the connecting surface. The light waves are transmitted to the optical waveguide through the optical-mechanical structure, so that the optical waveguide can transmit the light waves to the human eye, thereby ensuring the normal realization of the function of the near-eye display module.

[0136] In this embodiment, another ring-shaped optical machine is described in detail. Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the optical machine 20 includes a microdisplay 201 and an annular prism 207; the annular prism 207 includes an annular refractive surface 2071 and an annular reflective surface 2072; the connecting surface 103 is arranged on the reflection light path of the annular reflective surface 2072; the display area of ​​the microdisplay 201 is an annular area; the annular refractive surface 2071 is used to refract the light waves emitted by the microdisplay to the annular reflective surface 2072; the annular reflective surface 2072 is used to reflect the light waves to the connecting surface 103, so that the connecting surface 103 emits the light waves to the optical waveguide 10.

[0137] First of all, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the display area of ​​the microdisplay 201 is an annular area, and the design of the annular optical engine fully utilizes the symmetry, so that the field of view angle of the optical waveguide 10 can be more than 80° or even higher, and the optical engine 20 is consistent with the size of the optical waveguide 10, and the appearance is light and beautiful.

[0138] Optionally, in this embodiment, the partial reflection surface 102 of the optical waveguide 10 adapted to the optical engine 20 is a cylindrical polarization surface, and the rotation center of the reflection cylindrical surface 101 provided at the end of the optical waveguide 10 can be Fig.12 As shown in the 4 mark, in this optomechanical structure, each effective surface is a rotating surface with 4 as the center, wherein the above-mentioned partial reflection surface 102 is concentric with the reflection cylindrical surface 101, that is, the center point of the partial reflection surface 102 is the same as that of the reflection cylindrical surface 101. It can be understood that in actual production, the center point of the partial reflection surface 102 may deviate from the center point of the reflection cylindrical surface 101, but when the deviation between the center point of the partial reflection surface 102 and the center point of the reflection cylindrical surface 101 is within a certain range, the partial reflection surface and the reflection cylindrical surface 101 can be referred to as a concentric structure. In addition, in this embodiment, it should be noted that the partial reflection surface 102 can be a polarized reflection surface, or it can be a partial reflection surface such as a semi-reflective and semi-transparent surface. In this embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the partial reflection surface 102 is a polarized reflection surface.

[0139] In this embodiment, the light waves emitted by the microdisplay 201 pass through the annular prism 207, and are first transmitted to the annular refractive surface 2071. The annular refractive surface 2071 refracts the light waves to the annular reflective surface 2072. The annular reflective surface 2072 reflects the light waves to the connecting surface 103 between the optical waveguide 10 and the optical machine 20, so that the connecting surface 103 emits the light waves to the optical waveguide.

[0140] Optionally, in this embodiment, in order to make the light wave introduced into the optical waveguide 10 circularly polarized light, a reflection surface composed of a wave plate and a polarizer can be set at the connection surface 103 between the optical waveguide 10 and the optical machine 20, so that the light wave emitted by the micro display 201 is collimated in the xz plane after passing through the ring optical machine, and then the light wave is reflected into circular polarized light by the reflection surface composed of the wave plate and the polarizer. Further, after the light wave is introduced into the optical waveguide 1, it first passes through the reflection cylinder 101. A quarter wave plate is set on the concave side of the reflection cylinder 101, which can convert the circular polarized light into linear polarized light, such as p-type polarized light. The partial reflection surface 102 is set to reflect p-type light and transmit s-type polarized light. After the p-type polarized light hits the partial reflection surface 102, it is reflected back, passes through the quarter wave plate, and is reflected. After passing through the wave plate again, it becomes s-type polarized light. The s-type polarized light can directly pass through the partial reflection surface 102 to enter the display component 104, and finally enter the human eye. From the above process, it can be seen that in the xy plane, the light wave becomes parallel light after passing through the optical machine and the reflection cylinder 101 and the partial reflection surface 102. The light that finally enters the display component 104 is parallel light in both the xy and xz planes. Through this structure, the field of view angle of the optical waveguide 10 can be expanded to more than 90°.

[0141] Further, in this embodiment, as an optional implementation, the optical waveguide 10 can also be as follows Fig.15 In the multi-layer design shown, when the display component 104 uses a diffraction grating, volume hologram or metasurface as an outcoupling device, since it is usually very sensitive to wavelength, the optical waveguide can be divided into multiple layers, each layer processing one or two colors.

[0142] Further, in one embodiment, if Fig.16 As shown, the annular prism 207 further includes: a first transmission surface 2073 and a second transmission surface 2074; the first transmission surface 2073 is connected to the annular refractive surface 2071, the first transmission surface 2073 is arranged on the reflection light path of the annular reflection surface 2072, the second transmission surface 2074 is arranged on the emission light path of the first transmission surface 2073, and the connecting surface 103 is arranged on the emission light path of the second transmission surface 2074; the annular reflection surface 2072 is used to reflect the light wave to the first transmission surface 2073; the first transmission surface 2073 is used to refract the light wave to the second transmission surface 2074; the second transmission surface 2074 is used to refract the light wave to the connecting surface 103, so that the connecting surface 103 emits the light wave to the optical waveguide 10. As an optional embodiment, more transmission surfaces can be added between the first transmission surface 2073 and the second transmission surface 2074 to improve the quality of imaging.

[0143] In the present embodiment, the optical machine includes a microdisplay and an annular prism, the annular prism includes an annular refractive surface and an annular reflective surface; the connecting surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine is arranged on the reflective light path of the annular reflective surface, the light wave emitted by the microdisplay is first transmitted to the annular refractive surface, the light wave is refracted to the annular reflective surface by the annular refractive surface, and the light wave is reflected to the connecting surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine by the annular reflective surface, so that the connecting surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine can emit the light wave to the optical waveguide, and the symmetry is fully utilized in the optical machine structure, so that the field angle of the optical waveguide can be more than 80° or even higher, and the size of the optical machine and the optical waveguide are consistent, and the appearance is light and beautiful.

[0144] In some scenarios, when the image source of the micro display 201 is different, the structure of the corresponding optical engine may be slightly different. The structure of the optical engine 20 when the image source of the micro display 201 is different will be explained below.

[0145] In one embodiment, when the image source of the micro display 201 is liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS), Fig.17 As shown, the optical machine 20 further includes an illumination light source 209 and a second polarized reflection surface 208 ; the second polarized reflection surface 208 is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the illumination light source 209 to the micro display 201 .

[0146] In this embodiment, when the image source of the micro display 201 is LCOS, please continue to refer to Fig.17 LCOS requires an illumination light source 209, which irradiates the light wave onto the micro display 201 through the second polarized reflection surface 208, and then the micro display 201 generates a light wave by modulating the signal and reflects the light wave to the annular refractive surface 2071, the annular refractive surface 2071 refracts the light wave and passes through the polarized reflection surface 208, the polarized reflection surface 208 reflects the light wave to the annular reflection surface 2072, and the annular reflection surface 2072 reflects the light wave into the optical waveguide 10.

[0147] In this embodiment, when the image source of the microdisplay of the optical machine is silicon-based liquid crystal, the optical machine also includes an illumination prism and a second polarized reflection surface; the second polarized reflection surface can transmit the light waves emitted by the illumination prism to the microdisplay, so that the microdisplay can generate light waves by modulating signals, ensuring that the microdisplay in the optical machine can generate light waves, so that the functions of the microdisplay are fully realized when using different image sources, enriching the feasible solutions of the optical machine.

[0148] In one embodiment, when the image source of the micro display 201 is a cylindrical image source, Fig.18As shown, the optical machine 20 further includes a third polarized reflection surface 2010; the annular reflection surface 2072 includes an upper reflection surface 20721 and a lower reflection surface 20722; the annular refractive surface 2071 is used to refract the light waves emitted from the micro display 201 to the third polarized reflection surface 2010; the third polarized reflection surface 2010 is used to reflect the light waves to the upper reflection surface 20721; the upper reflection surface 20721 is used to reflect the light waves through the third polarized reflection surface 2010 to the lower reflection surface 20722; the lower reflection surface 20722 is used to reflect the light waves to the connecting surface 103 between the optical waveguide 10 and the optical machine 20, so that the connecting surface 103 emits the light waves to the optical waveguide 10.

[0149] In this embodiment, when the image source of the microdisplay 201 is a cylindrical image source, the light wave emitted by the cylindrical image source is refracted by the annular refractive surface 2071 and then refracted to the third polarized reflection surface 2010. Thereafter, the light wave is reflected by the third polarized reflection surface 2010 to the upper reflection surface 20721 of the annular reflection surface 2072. After being reflected by the upper reflection surface 20721, the light wave is reflected again by the third polarized reflection surface 2010 to the lower reflection surface 20722 of the annular reflection surface 2072. The lower reflection surface 20722 reflects the light wave to the connecting surface 103 between the optical waveguide 10 and the optical machine 20, so that the connecting surface 103 emits the light wave to the optical waveguide 10.

[0150] In the present embodiment, when the image source of the microdisplay of the optical machine is a cylindrical image source, the optical machine also includes a third polarized reflection surface; the annular reflection surface includes an upper reflection surface and a lower reflection surface, the annular refractive surface of the optical machine is used to refract the light waves emitted by the microdisplay to the third polarized reflection surface, the third polarized reflection surface reflects the light waves to the upper reflection surface, the upper reflection surface reflects the light waves through the polarized reflection surface to the lower reflection surface, the lower reflection surface reflects the light waves to the connecting surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine, so that the connecting surface emits the light waves to the optical waveguide, and through another structure of the optical machine, the microdisplay can fully realize the functions when using different image sources, thereby enriching the feasible solutions of the optical machine.

[0151] In one embodiment, when the image source of the micro display 201 is a conical image source, the optical machine 20 may not involve a reflective surface, and imaging can be directly achieved through the refractive surface at the end of the optical waveguide 10, such as Fig.19 As shown, in this case, the optical machine 20 includes a micro display 201 and a lens group 204; the lens group 204 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the micro display 201.

[0152] In this embodiment, when the image source of the micro display 201 is a cone image source, Fig.19As shown, a refractive surface 107 may be provided at the end of the optical waveguide 10, and the light waves emitted by the micro display 201 enter the optical waveguide through the refractive surface 107. Further, in order to ensure the quality of the light waves entering the optical waveguide, the optical machine 20 may further include a lens group 204, which is provided on the exit light path of the micro display 201. The light waves emitted by the micro display 201 are transmitted to the refractive surface 107 at the end of the optical waveguide 10 after passing through the lens group, and enter the optical waveguide through the refractive surface 107.

[0153] In this embodiment, when the image source of the microdisplay is a conical image source, the optical machine includes a microdisplay and a lens group. By setting a refractive surface at the end of the optical waveguide, it is possible to ensure that the light waves emitted by the optical machine enter the optical waveguide, thereby reducing the volume of the optical machine while also ensuring the normal function of the display module.

[0154] In this embodiment, another optical machine structure is described. Fig. 20 As shown, the optical machine 20 includes a microdisplay 201, a refractive surface 2011, a fourth polarized reflection surface 2012 and a reflection surface 2013; the refractive surface 2011, the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012 and the reflection surface 2013 are all connected to the connecting surface 103, the refractive surface 2011 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the microdisplay 201, the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the refractive surface 2011, and the reflection surface 2013 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012; the refractive surface 2011 is used to refract the light waves emitted by the microdisplay 201 to the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012; the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012 is used to refract the light waves to the reflection surface 2012, and the reflection surface 2012 is used to reflect the light waves to the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012, so that the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012 reflects the light waves to the connecting surface 103.

[0155] In this embodiment, if Fig. 20 As shown, the light wave emitted by the micro display 201 is first refracted by the refractive surface 2011 to the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012, and then the light wave passes through the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012 to reach the reflection surface 2013. After being reflected by the reflection surface 2013, the light wave is reflected again by the fourth polarized reflection surface 2012 and enters the optical waveguide 10 through the connecting surface 103.

[0156] In this embodiment, the optical machine includes a microdisplay, a refractive surface, a fourth polarized reflection surface and a reflective surface. The refractive surface refracts the light waves emitted by the microdisplay to the fourth polarized reflection surface, reflects the light waves to the reflective surface through the fourth polarized reflection surface, and after reflecting the light waves to the fourth polarized reflection surface through the reflective surface, the fourth polarized reflection surface reflects the light waves to the connecting surface between the optical waveguide and the optical machine. The optical machine structure realizes the reflection of the light waves to the optical waveguide, enriching the structure of the optical machine that provides light waves to the optical waveguide.

[0157] In some scenarios, the optical waveguide may be configured as a multi-layer optical waveguide. In this embodiment, a display module including a multi-layer optical waveguide is explained. Fig.21 and Fig. 22 As shown, the display module includes: an upper optical waveguide 30, a lower optical waveguide 40 and an optical machine 20; the upper optical waveguide 30 includes a first interface 301, an incident surface 302 and a reflecting surface 303, and the lower optical waveguide 40 includes a second interface 401 and a display component 402; the first end face of the upper optical waveguide 30 and the second end face of the lower optical waveguide 40 are both in the shape of a right-angle sawtooth array; the optical machine 20 is connected to the upper optical waveguide 30 through the incident surface 302, and the end face of the upper optical waveguide 30 is arranged on the output light path of the incident surface 302; the incident surface 302 is used to transmit the light wave emitted by the optical machine 20 through the first interface 301 to the end face of the upper optical waveguide 30, and reflect the light wave to the reflecting surface 303 through the end face; the reflecting surface 303 is used to reflect the light wave to the second interface 401; the second interface 401 is used to transmit the light wave to the display component 402.

[0158] In this embodiment, the optical waveguide of the display module is a double-layer optical waveguide design. The light emitted by the micro display of the optical machine 20 is first collimated by the optical machine 20, enters the upper optical waveguide 30 from the first interface 301 and is transmitted to the incident surface 302. The cross section of the light wave is expanded by the incident surface 302, and then the light wave is reflected to the first end face of the upper optical waveguide. The right-angle sawtooth array on the first end face of the upper optical waveguide 30 reflects the light wave to the reflection surface 303, and the reflection surface 303 reflects the light wave to the second interface 401 allows the light wave to enter the lower optical waveguide 40. At the same time, the light wave that hits the reflective surface 303 will be partially reflected and partially transmitted, further expanding the cross-section of the light wave. After hitting the right-angled sawtooth array on the first end face of the upper optical waveguide 30, the light wave returns to the original direction and is reflected to the reflective surface 303 again. The light wave is split, and finally about half of the light beam is reflected to the second interface 402 to enter the lower optical waveguide 40. The second interface 401 transmits the light wave to the display component 402 and then enters the human eye.

[0159] Optionally, in this embodiment, as an optional implementation method, please continue to refer to Fig. 20 and Fig.21, the incident surface 302 may include reflectors arranged in an array; each reflector is perpendicular to the surface of the upper optical waveguide 30, and the reflectivity of each reflector is different. For example, the reflectivity of the first reflector 3021 may be 33.3%, the reflectivity of the second reflector 3022 may be 66.6%, and the reflectivity of the third reflector 3023 may be 100%. As another optional embodiment, the incident surface 302 may include a diffraction element, which is arranged on the surface of the upper optical waveguide 30. It should be noted that when the diffraction element is arranged on the surface of the upper optical waveguide 30, it is attached to the XY plane of the surface of the upper optical waveguide.

[0160] In this embodiment, the viewing angle in the Y direction is usually larger and can be greater than 60°, but the viewing angle in the X direction is relatively limited. When the display module is worn, the image in the vertical direction is larger than the horizontal direction. In some application scenarios, it is desired that the horizontal viewing angle is larger. Therefore, in order to exchange the viewing angles in the X and Y directions, in one embodiment, Fig.23 As shown, a turning lens 304 may be added to the upper optical waveguide 30. In this case, the reflecting surface 303 is also mirrored to the lower position by the turning lens 304, and other structures remain unchanged.

[0161] In this embodiment, the display module includes an upper optical waveguide, a lower optical waveguide and an optical machine; the upper optical waveguide includes a first interface, an incident surface and a reflecting surface, and the lower optical waveguide includes a second interface and a display component; the first interface is in contact with the incident surface; one end face of the upper optical waveguide is in the shape of a right-angle sawtooth array; the optical machine is connected to the upper optical waveguide through the incident surface, and the end face of the upper optical waveguide is arranged on the output light path of the reflecting surface; the first interface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the optical machine through the incident surface to the reflecting surface; the reflecting surface is used to reflect the light waves to the end face of the upper optical waveguide, and reflect the light waves to the second interface through the end face; the second interface is used to transmit the light waves to the display component. The optical waveguide with this multi-layer design ensures the richness of the light waves transmitted to the display component, and there is no need to add additional components to the optical machine, which reduces the volume occupied by the optical machine while ensuring the realization of the complete functions of the display module.

[0162] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0163] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: The display module comprises: an optical waveguide and an optical machine; the optical waveguide comprises a reflective cylindrical surface, a partial reflective surface, a connecting surface and a display component; the optical waveguide is connected to the optical machine via the connecting surface; the partial reflective surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the connecting surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is arranged on the reflective light path of the partial reflective surface; the reflective cylindrical surface is any one of a total reflective cylindrical surface, a partial reflective cylindrical surface and a cylindrical sawtooth array; The partial reflection surface is used to project the light waves emitted by the optical machine through the connection surface to the reflection cylindrical surface; The reflecting cylindrical surface is used to reflect the light waves to the partial reflecting surface; The partially reflective surface is also used to transmit light waves to the display component.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical waveguide further comprises a folded reflective surface; the folded reflective surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the connecting surface, and the partial reflective surface is arranged on the reflected light path of the folded reflective surface; an angle is formed between the folded reflective surface and the reflective cylindrical surface; the folded reflective surface is arranged at any end of the reflective cylindrical surface, or the folded reflective surface is arranged at any part of the reflective cylindrical surface except the end; The folded reflective surface is used to project the light waves emitted by the optical machine through the connecting surface onto the partial reflective surface.

3. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical machine includes a micro display, an upper prism and a lower prism; the upper prism includes an upper prism translucent surface and an upper prism refractive surface, and the lower prism includes a lower prism reflective surface; the upper prism translucent surface and the lower prism reflective surface are in contact and connected; the connecting surface is arranged on the reflective light path of the upper prism translucent surface; the partial reflective surface is a plane polarized reflective surface; The upper prism transmissive surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display through the upper prism refractive surface to the lower prism reflective surface; The lower prism reflective surface is used to reflect light waves to the upper prism transmissive and reflective surface; The upper prism transmissive and reflective surface is also used to reflect the light waves to the connecting surface, so that the connecting surface emits the light waves to the optical waveguide.

4. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper prism also includes an upper prism reflecting surface; The upper prism transflective surface is used to reflect the light waves of the micro display refracted by the upper prism refractive surface to the upper prism reflective surface; The upper prism reflective surface is used to reflect light waves to the upper prism transmissive and reflective surface; The upper prism transmissive surface is also used to reflect light waves to the lower prism reflective surface; The lower prism reflective surface is also used to reflect the light waves to the upper prism transmissive surface, so that the upper prism transmissive surface emits the light waves to the optical waveguide through the connecting surface.

5. The display module according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The optical machine further comprises: a lens group; The lens group is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display to the refractive surface of the upper prism.

6. The display module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The optical machine further includes: an illumination prism; the illumination prism is arranged on the outgoing light path of the micro display.

7. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical machine includes a micro display, an illumination prism, a lens group and a polarization folding lens; the polarization folding lens includes a partial reflection surface and a first polarization reflection surface; The partially reflective surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display through the illumination prism to the polarized reflective surface; The first polarized reflecting surface is used to reflect the light wave to the partial reflecting surface; The partial reflection surface is also used to reflect the light wave to the first polarization reflection surface, so that the first polarization reflection surface transmits the light wave to the connecting surface through the lens group, and emits the light wave to the optical waveguide through the connecting surface.

8. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical machine includes a micro display, a lens group and a prism; the prism includes a first prism surface, a second prism surface, a third prism surface and a fourth prism surface; the first prism surface and the second prism surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the third prism surface and the fourth prism surface are arranged opposite to each other; the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the first prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located, and the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the second prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located are both smaller than a first preset angle value, the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the third prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located, and the angle between the tangent surface at the center of the fourth prism surface and the plane where the display screen is located are both larger than a second preset angle value, and each of the prism surfaces is a free-form prism surface, or an aspherical prism surface; The lens group is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the micro display to the first prism surface; The first prism surface is used to transmit the light wave to the second prism surface; The second prism surface is used to reflect the light waves to the third prism surface; The third prism surface is used to reflect the light wave to the fourth prism surface, so that the fourth prism surface transmits the light wave to the connecting surface, and emits the light wave to the optical waveguide through the connecting surface.

9. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partial reflection surface is a cylindrical polarization surface, and the center point of the partial reflection surface is the same as that of the reflection cylindrical surface.

10. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The optical machine includes a micro display and an annular prism; the annular prism includes an annular refractive surface and an annular reflective surface; the connecting surface is arranged on the reflected light path of the annular reflective surface; the display area of ​​the micro display is an annular area; The annular refractive surface is used to refract the light waves emitted by the micro display to the annular reflective surface; The annular reflection surface is used to reflect the light wave to the connection surface, so that the connection surface emits the light wave to the optical waveguide.

11. The display module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The annular prism further comprises a first transmission surface and a second transmission surface; the first transmission surface is connected to the annular refractive surface, the first transmission surface is arranged on the reflection light path of the annular reflection surface, the second transmission surface is arranged on the emission light path of the first transmission surface, and the connecting surface is arranged on the emission light path of the second transmission surface; The annular reflective surface is used to reflect the light waves to the first transmission surface; The first transmission surface is used to refract the light waves to the second transmission surface; The second transmission surface is used to refract the light wave to the connecting surface, so that the connecting surface emits the light wave to the optical waveguide.

12. The display module according to claim 10, characterized in that: When the image source of the micro display is silicon-based liquid crystal, the optical machine further includes an illumination light source and a second polarized reflection surface; The second polarized reflection surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the illumination light source to the micro display.

13. The display module according to claim 10, characterized in that: When the image source of the micro display is a cylindrical image source, the optical machine further includes a third polarized reflection surface; the annular reflection surface includes an upper reflection surface and a lower reflection surface; The annular refractive surface is used to refract the light waves emitted by the micro display to the third polarized reflective surface; The third polarized reflection surface is used to reflect the light waves to the upper reflection surface; The upper reflection surface is used to reflect the light waves through the polarized reflection surface to the lower reflection surface; The lower reflection surface is used to reflect the light wave to the connection surface, so that the connection surface emits the light wave to the optical waveguide.

14. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the image source of the microdisplay is a conical image source, the optical machine includes a microdisplay and a lens group; the lens group is arranged on the outgoing light path of the microdisplay.

15. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The optical machine includes a micro display, a refractive surface, a fourth polarized reflective surface and a reflective surface; the refractive surface, the fourth polarized reflective surface and the reflective surface are all connected to the connecting surface, the refractive surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the micro display, the fourth polarized reflective surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the refractive surface, and the reflective surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the fourth polarized reflective surface; The refractive surface is used to refract the light waves emitted by the micro display to the fourth polarized reflective surface; The fourth polarized reflection surface is used to reflect the light wave to the reflection surface; The reflection surface is used to reflect the light wave to the fourth polarization reflection surface, so that the fourth polarization reflection surface reflects the light wave to the connection surface.

16. A display module, characterized in that: The display module comprises: an upper optical waveguide, a lower optical waveguide and an optical machine; the upper optical waveguide comprises a first interface, an incident surface and a reflective surface, and the lower optical waveguide comprises a second interface and a display component; the first end surface of the upper optical waveguide and the second end surface of the lower optical waveguide are both in the shape of a right-angle sawtooth array; the optical machine is connected to the upper optical waveguide through the incident surface; the end surface is arranged on the outgoing light path of the incident surface; the incident surface comprises reflectors arranged in an array, each of the reflectors is perpendicular to the surface of the upper optical waveguide; or the incident surface comprises a diffraction element, and the diffraction element is arranged on the surface of the upper optical waveguide; The incident surface is used to transmit the light waves emitted by the optical machine through the first interface to the end surface, and reflect the light waves to the reflection surface through the end surface; The reflecting surface is used to reflect the light wave to the second interface; The second interface is used to transmit the light wave to the display component.

17. The display module according to claim 16, characterized in that: The upper optical waveguide further includes a turning lens.

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