Tower model capable of dynamically adjusting rigidity distribution and mass distribution and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tower model capable of dynamically adjusting rigidity distribution and mass distribution and a working method thereof, and belongs to the field of offshore wind power generation. The tower drum model comprises an inner tower drum, an outer tower drum, an aluminum bar and an affiliated dynamic supporting device; the inner tower drum, the inner aluminum bar and the attached dynamic supporting device change the transmission direction of the force borne by the tower drum by changing the extension length of the supporting rod, and then the rigidity distribution of the tower drum in the height direction is changed under the condition that an existing model is not damaged, so that the rigidity distribution of the model is highly similar to that of a prototype; and it is ensured that the first-order vibration frequency of the tower drum coincides with a theoretical value, and a Froude similar system is met. The mass block on the inner tower tube aluminum bar can move in the height direction of the aluminum bar, so that the mass distribution of the model is highly similar to that of the prototype, and the mass center position of the model and the mass center position of the prototype are ensured to fully meet a Froude similar system. According to the method, the test error caused by the model is reduced, and finally, the accuracy of the model test can be fully ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of offshore wind power generation, and in particular relates to a tower model for a physical model test of an offshore wind power platform water pool and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important marine renewable energy development technology, offshore floating wind power generation technology has received widespread attention in recent years. Compared with onshore wind power, offshore wind power has the advantages of stable resources and less land occupation. However, because the relevant technologies of offshore wind power are still not mature enough, it is necessary to verify the relevant floating wind turbine structure through water tank tests. At present, most water tank tests are based on the Froude similarity system to design wind turbine models and conduct model tests; however, in the actual test process, model making, especially the tower model making, often has many difficulties. First, the tower stiffness of the actual floating wind turbine changes along the height direction. It is difficult to achieve this variable stiffness design in the actual model making process, resulting in a large discrepancy between the stiffness distribution of the model along the height direction and the theoretical value converted from the prototype under the Froude similarity system, which may cause the first-order vibration frequency of the tower to differ too much from the theoretical value and not meet the Froude similarity system. For example, the invention patent with Chinese patent publication number 202410716939.1 discloses a variable stiffness floating wind turbine tower scale model and its stiffness adjustment method. Secondly, due to the errors in model making and assembly, there is often an inevitable error between the center of gravity of the actual model and the theoretical value converted from the prototype under the Froude similarity system. If the above problems exist after the tower is manufactured and it does not meet the test requirements, it cannot be changed, otherwise the test model will be destroyed. Summary of the invention

[0003] (a) The technical problems solved by the present invention are:

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tower model with dynamically adjustable stiffness distribution and mass distribution. The tower model with dynamically adjustable stiffness distribution and mass distribution can adjust the stiffness distribution of the model along the height direction within a certain range, and adjust the mass distribution along the height direction within a certain range. The difference in stiffness distribution and mass distribution between the model and the prototype under the Froude similarity system and the impact thereof can be minimized.

[0005] (b) In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A tower model capable of dynamically adjusting stiffness distribution and mass distribution, comprising a conical inner tower 1 with a closed first end 101 and an open second end 102, and an outer tower 4 sleeved on the outer wall of the inner tower 1 and having an outer shape that is geometrically similar to the tower, wherein the size of the first end 101 of the inner tower is larger than the size of the second end 102 of the inner tower; the outer end surface of the first end 101 of the inner tower is connected to a first flange 301, which is fixed to a six-component force sensor 7 at the bottom of the tower through the first flange 301, and a threaded hole is provided on the inner end surface of the first end 101 of the inner tower; the inner wall of the second end 102 of the inner tower is provided with a thread, and the second end 102 of the inner tower is fixed to an inner tower cover plate 8 by threaded connection, and the inner tower cover plate 8 is a circular cover plate, the diameter of which is consistent with the inner diameter of the second end 102 of the inner tower, and the second end 102 of the inner tower can be closed; an aluminum rod 2 is provided inside the inner tower 1, and the first end 201 of the aluminum rod is fixed A second flange 302 is fixed, and the second flange 302 is connected and fixed with the threaded hole on the inner end face of the first end 101 of the inner tower by bolts. The second end 202 of the aluminum rod is fixed with a third flange 303, and the third flange 303 is connected with the inner end face of the inner tower cover 8 by bolts. The aluminum rod 2 is provided with an external thread, and a plurality of mass blocks 6 are provided along the height direction of the aluminum rod 2. The mass blocks 6 are annular, and the inner wall is provided with a thread that is engaged with the thread of the aluminum rod 2. The mass blocks 6 are moved along the height direction of the aluminum rod 2 by the thread. The aluminum rod 2 is arranged with multiple groups of dynamic support adjustment devices 5 along the height direction, and each group of dynamic support adjustment devices 5 includes a base 505, multiple remote-controlled wireless servo motors 501, the same number of aluminum telescopic support rods 502 controlled by the remote-controlled wireless servo motors 501, as well as buffers 503 and flexible rubber contacts 504. Each remote-controlled wireless servo motor 501 controls a telescopic support rod 502 separately; the dynamic support adjustment device 5 is connected to the aluminum rod 2 through the thread set on the base 505, and can be spirally raised or lowered through the thread along the height direction of the aluminum rod 2. Each remote-controlled wireless servo motor 501 is fixed on the base 505, and the telescopic support rod 502 is divided into two sections. The beginning of the first section is connected to the output shaft of the remote-controlled wireless servo motor 501, and the end is connected to one end of the buffer 503; the beginning of the telescopic support rod 502 of the second section is connected to the other end of the buffer 503, and a flexible rubber contact head 504 is installed at the end, and the flexible rubber contact head 504 has no sliding support with the inner wall of the inner tower tube 1.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer tower 4 is connected to the inner tower 1 by gluing.

[0008] Furthermore, the buffer 503 is a common miniature cylindrical oil pressure buffer, which can be connected to the telescopic support rod 502 by welding, reserved threads and bolt holes, and reserved pins. Preferably, one end of the buffer 503 is connected and fixed to the telescopic support rod 502 near one end of the aluminum rod 2 by reserved threads and bolt holes, and the other end is connected and fixed to the telescopic support rod 502 near the inner tower wall by a pin. Figure 7 , refer to lesson 10 for the schematic diagram of connecting through the reserved pins.

[0009] Furthermore, the non-sliding support refers to the state that when the tower tube undergoes a small deformation under an external load, the flexible rubber contact head 504 can undergo appropriate deformation, thereby ensuring that the contact point with the inner tower tube 1 does not undergo a large change.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner tower is made of aluminum alloy, and the material of the outer tower meets the following requirements:

[0011] (1) Easy processing;

[0012] (2) Lightweight, allowing for large space for mass adjustment;

[0013] (3) The stiffness is small, and the influence on the stiffness control of the inner tower is small. The stiffness of the tower model is approximately equal to the stiffness of the inner tower.

[0014] The material of the outer tower is preferably polystyrene foam.

[0015] Furthermore, the total mass of the outer tower, inner tower, internal aluminum rod and its accessories meet the mass similarity requirements under the Froude similarity system. The accessories refer to all devices connected to the aluminum rod, including a number of dynamic support adjustment devices and a number of mass blocks. The inner tower, internal aluminum rod and its accessories ensure similar stiffness, thereby ensuring the reliability of the transmission of the dynamic response of the wind turbine superstructure. On this basis, the outer tower fully ensures the similarity of geometric shapes to ensure the sufficient similarity of aerodynamic loads. The similarity of aerodynamic loads is achieved through the dimensionless aerodynamic load C F To ensure that, the specific equation is:

[0016]

[0017] Where: F(z) is the aerodynamic load at height z; ρ is the fluid density; V is the fluid velocity; C D (z) is the local drag coefficient at height Z (dimensionless); D is the local diameter of the tower; V REF is the wind speed at the top of the tower; D REF is the diameter of the tower top.

[0018] The mass similarity equation is specifically:

[0019]

[0020] Where: m p is the total mass of the prototype floating wind turbine tower, m m is the total mass of the model tower, and λ is the scale used in the model test under the Froude similarity system.

[0021] The geometrically similar equation is specifically:

[0022]

[0023] Where: Lp represents the geometric characteristic length of the prototype floating wind turbine tower, Lm represents the geometric characteristic length of the model tower, and λ is the scale used in the model test under the Froude similarity system.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention satisfies the working method of the tower model that can dynamically adjust the stiffness distribution and mass distribution, and its installation steps are as follows: (1) The second flange 302 of the first end 201 of the aluminum rod is pre-fixed to the first end 101 of the inner tower, while the second end 202 of the aluminum rod is not connected to the second end 102 of the inner tower. (2) The mass block 6 is appropriately adjusted so that the mass distribution of the model tower along the height direction is close to that of the prototype tower, ensuring that the center of mass position of the model tower and the center of mass position of the prototype tower satisfy the Froude similarity system. (3) The third flange 303 of the second end 202 of the aluminum rod is fixed to the second end 102 of the inner tower. (4) The remote control wireless servo motor 501 is controlled and adjusted to fully contact the inner wall of the inner tower 1 by adjusting the extension length of the telescopic support rod 502, thereby ensuring that the stiffness distribution of the model tower along the height direction is similar to that of the prototype tower. (5) The first flange 301 at the first end 101 of the inner tower is fixed to the six-component force sensor 7 at the bottom of the model tower, thereby achieving the installation of a tower model that can dynamically adjust the stiffness distribution and mass distribution.

[0025] Further, the tower is tested according to the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: First, ensure that all components of the tower model that can dynamically adjust the stiffness distribution and mass distribution can be assembled as required and can be started normally.

[0027] Step 2: According to the actual test requirements, install the tower model on the floating platform for the test and connect it to other parts of the wind turbine. At the same time, input the wind field and wave field required for the test into the test pool.

[0028] Step 3: Use the six-component force sensor at the bottom of the model tower to collect corresponding data.

[0029] Step 4: Change the required wind field and wave field according to the test requirements and repeat step 3.

[0030] The principle of the present invention is:

[0031] The strategy of separate similarity and overall combination is adopted to divide the entire tower into two parts: the inner tower and the outer tower. For the inner tower, its internal aluminum rods and their accessories are dynamically supported by the device to appropriately change the extension length of the support rods to change the direction of force transmission on the tower, thereby changing the stiffness distribution of the tower along the height direction, and finally making it have a similar stiffness distribution to the prototype, thereby ensuring stiffness similarity and providing a basis for mass similarity, without forcing it to meet geometric similarity. The missing mass and geometric similarity are corrected and ensured by the outer tower.

[0032] (c) The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention can be adapted to the pool test of various types of floating wind turbines, and the outer tower of the polystyrene foam material overcomes the problem of difficult processing of the tower shape in the past, and can reproduce the original tower geometry with high precision. At the same time, the convenience of easy processing can also meet the production requirements of various special-shaped towers. The inner tower and the aluminum rod inside it and its attached dynamic support device can change the transmission direction of the force applied to the tower by changing the extension length of the support rod, and then change the stiffness distribution of the tower along the height direction without destroying the existing model, so that the stiffness distribution of the model can be made similar to the prototype height, and the first-order vibration frequency of the tower can be guaranteed to be consistent with the theoretical value, satisfying the Froude similarity system. The mass block on the aluminum rod of the inner tower can be moved along the height direction of the aluminum rod, so that the mass distribution of the model is similar to the prototype height, and then the center of mass position of the model and the center of mass position of the prototype are guaranteed to fully meet the Froude similarity system. Through the above methods, the test error caused by the model itself is greatly reduced, and the accuracy of the model test can be fully guaranteed in the end. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a dynamic support device, wherein (a) is a support rod retracted, and the dynamic support device is in an unsupported state, and (b) is a support rod extended, and the dynamic support device is in a supported state;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the dynamic support device;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional arrangement of the dynamic support device;

[0038] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a partial view of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connection between the buffer and the support rod by threaded bolts;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of an aluminum bar;

[0042] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the mass block;

[0043] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the buffer and support rod connected by a pin.

[0044] In the figure: 1 inner tower, 101 first end of inner tower, 102 second end of inner tower, 2 aluminum rod, 201 first end of aluminum rod, 202 second end of aluminum rod, 301 first flange, 302 second flange, 303 third flange, 4 outer tower, 401 large end of outer tower, 402 small end of outer tower, 5 dynamic support adjustment device, 501 remote control wireless servo motor, 502 telescopic support rod, 503 buffer, 504 flexible rubber contact head, 505 base, 6 mass block, 7 six-component force sensor, 8 inner tower cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The above contents of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementations, but the scope of the present invention is by no means limited to the following examples:

[0046] Specific implementation method:

[0047] In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, embodiments are given below with reference to the accompanying drawings for detailed description.

[0048] A tower model capable of dynamically adjusting stiffness distribution and mass distribution, comprising a conical inner tower 1 with a closed first end 101 and an open second end 102 of the inner tower, and an outer tower 4 sleeved on the outer wall of the inner tower 1 and having an outer shape that is geometrically similar to the tower, wherein the size of the first end 101 of the inner tower is larger than the size of the second end 102 of the inner tower, and the inner tower 1 is a conical tower; the outer end surface of the first end 101 of the inner tower is connected to a first flange 301, and the first flange 301 is provided with a threaded hole, and the first end 101 of the inner tower is connected to a first flange 301, and the first flange 301 is provided with a threaded hole. The first flange 301 is connected and fixed to the six-component force sensor 7 at the bottom of the tower by bolts. The inner end surface of the first end 101 of the inner tower is provided with a threaded hole, and the inner wall of the second end 102 of the inner tower is provided with a thread. The second end 102 of the inner tower is connected and fixed to the inner tower cover plate 8 by threads. The inner tower cover plate 8 is a circular cover plate with a diameter consistent with the inner diameter of the inner tower, which can close the second end 102 of the inner tower. The outer tower 4 includes a large end 401 and a small end 402. The outer tower 4 is connected to the inner tower 1 by gluing. ; An aluminum rod 2 is arranged inside the inner tower 1, and a second flange 302 is welded and fixed to the first end 201 of the aluminum rod, and the second flange 302 is connected and fixed to the threaded hole of the inner end surface of the first end 101 of the inner tower by bolts, and a third flange 303 is welded and fixed to the second end 202 of the aluminum rod, and the inner end surface of the inner tower cover plate 8 is connected by bolts through the third flange 303; an external thread is arranged on the aluminum rod 2, and several mass blocks 6 are arranged along the height direction of the aluminum rod, and the mass block 6 is annular, and the inner wall is provided with a threaded hole connected to the aluminum rod 2 The threads are interlocked with each other, and the mass block 6 can move along the height direction of the aluminum rod 2 through the threads; the aluminum rod 2 is arranged with multiple groups of dynamic support adjustment devices 5 along the height direction, and the dynamic support adjustment devices 5 can move along the height direction of the aluminum rod through the threads, and each group of dynamic support adjustment devices 5 includes a base 505, multiple remote-controlled wireless servo motors 501, the same number of aluminum telescopic support rods 502 controlled by the remote-controlled wireless servo motors 501, and buffers 503, and flexible rubber contacts 504. Each remote-controlled wireless servo motor 501 controls a telescopic support rod 502 separately; the dynamic support adjustment device 5 is connected to the aluminum rod 2 through the threads set on the base 505, and can rise or fall in a spiral manner along the height direction of the aluminum rod 2 through the threads. Each remote-controlled wireless servo motor 501 is fixed on the base 505, and the telescopic support rod 502 is divided into two sections. The beginning of the first section is connected to the output shaft of the remote-controlled wireless servo motor 501, and the end is connected to one end of the buffer 503; the beginning of the telescopic support rod 502 of the second section is connected to the other end of the buffer 503, and a flexible rubber contact head 504 is installed at the end, and the flexible rubber contact head 504 has no sliding support with the inner wall of the inner tower tube 1. The buffer 503 is an ordinary miniature cylindrical oil pressure buffer, which can be connected to the support rod 502 by welding, reserved threads and bolt holes, and reserved pins.Preferably, one end of the buffer 503 is connected and fixed to the telescopic support rod 502 near one end of the aluminum rod 2 through a reserved thread and bolt hole, and the other end is connected and fixed to the telescopic support rod 502 near the inner tower wall through a latch. The schematic diagram of the connection through the reserved thread and bolt hole can be referred to. Figure 7 , see 10 for the schematic diagram of connection through the reserved pin. The non-sliding support means that when the tower is slightly deformed under the external load, the flexible rubber contact head 504 can be deformed appropriately, thereby ensuring that the contact point with the inner tower 1 does not change significantly. The buffer is a commonly used miniature cylindrical oil buffer, such as the ACE brand miniature buffer.

[0049] In order to facilitate the connection, the inner tower 1 is a thin straight aluminum alloy tube, and its first end is fixed to the first flange 301 by adhesive welding or threaded connection; the outer tower 2 is made of polystyrene foam material.

[0050] In order to meet the needs of the test, the total mass of the inner tower, aluminum rod and its accessories and the outer tower meets the mass similarity requirement. The accessories refer to all devices connected to the aluminum rod, including several dynamic support adjustment devices and several mass blocks. The mass similarity requirement is that the total mass of the three meets the theoretical mass value converted from the actual mass of the actual offshore floating wind turbine tower under the Froude similarity system; the mass distribution of the model along the height direction is adjusted by changing the position of the mass block through the aluminum rod and its attached movable mass block, thereby ensuring that the position of the center of mass of the model meets the Froude similarity system; the inner tower control ensures the stiffness similarity under the Froude similarity system, and the transmission direction of the force on the model tower is changed by changing the extension length of the support rod through the aluminum rod and its attached dynamic support device, thereby changing the stiffness distribution of the model tower along the height direction, so that the stiffness distribution of the model can be made highly similar to the prototype, thereby fully ensuring the stiffness similarity under the Froude similarity system and ensuring the reliability of the dynamic response transmission of the wind turbine superstructure; the outer tower fully ensures the similarity of geometric shape on the basis of the inner tower to ensure the sufficient similarity of aerodynamic loads.

[0051] The mass similarity means that the total mass of the model satisfies the mass of the actual offshore floating wind turbine tower, which is converted into the theoretical value of the model under the Froude similarity system. The specific mass similarity equation is:

[0052]

[0053] Where: m p is the total mass of the prototype floating wind turbine tower, m m is the total mass of the model tower, and λ is the scale used in the model test under the Froude similarity system.

[0054] The centroid position satisfies the Froude similarity system, that is, the centroid position of the model satisfies the actual centroid position of the offshore floating wind turbine tower, which is converted to the model theoretical value under the Froude similarity system. The specific conversion equation is:

[0055]

[0056] Where: H p H is the height of the center of mass of the prototype floating wind turbine tower from the bottom of the tower. m is the height of the center of mass of the model tower from the bottom of the tower, and λ is the scale used in the model test under the Froude similarity system.

[0057] The outer tower control ensures the geometrical similarity, which means that the geometrical parameters of the outer tower are the model theoretical values ​​obtained by converting the geometrical parameters of the actual offshore floating wind turbine tower under the Froude similarity system. The specific geometrical similarity equation is:

[0058]

[0059] Where: Lp represents the geometric characteristic length of the prototype floating wind turbine tower, Lm represents the geometric characteristic length of the model tower, and λ is the scale used in the model test under the Froude similarity system.

[0060] The internal tower control ensures that the stiffness is similar, which means that the stiffness of the model and the stiffness of the prototype tower satisfy the Froude similarity system. The specific implementation method is as follows: (1) a strain gauge is attached to the outer surface of the model tower along the height direction and connected to the sensor collector; (2) an external load is given in the actual test field, and the external load and the external load on the prototype tower satisfy the Froude similarity system; (3) the deformation distribution of the model tower along the height direction is calculated by measuring the strain gauge, and compared with the deformation distribution of the prototype tower under its corresponding external load, to determine whether the two satisfy the Froude similarity system. If not, the dynamic support device can be adjusted to change the local stiffness, and then change the local deformation, until the deformation of the model tower and the prototype tower meets the Froude similarity system, at which time the stiffness of the two can be considered similar.

[0061] In one embodiment, the main body of the inner tower is an aluminum alloy tube with an outer diameter of 48.6 mm; the main body of the outer tower is a polystyrene foam tube with an outer diameter of 120 mm at the large end and an outer diameter of 90.4 mm at the small end.

[0062] Furthermore, the present invention satisfies the working method of the tower model that can dynamically adjust the stiffness distribution and mass distribution, and its installation steps are as follows: (1) The second flange 302 of the first end 201 of the aluminum rod is pre-fixed to the first end 101 of the inner tower, while the second end 202 of the aluminum rod is not connected to the second end 102 of the inner tower. (2) The mass block 6 is appropriately adjusted so that the mass distribution of the model tower along the height direction is close to that of the prototype tower, ensuring that the center of mass position of the model tower and the center of mass position of the prototype tower satisfy the Froude similarity system. (3) The third flange 303 of the second end 202 of the aluminum rod is fixed to the second end 102 of the inner tower. (4) The remote control wireless servo motor 501 is controlled and adjusted to fully contact the inner wall of the inner tower 1 by adjusting the extension length of the telescopic support rod 502, thereby ensuring that the stiffness distribution of the model tower along the height direction is similar to that of the prototype tower. (5) The first flange 301 at the first end 101 of the inner tower is fixed to the six-component force sensor 7 at the bottom of the model tower, thereby achieving the installation of a tower model that can dynamically adjust the stiffness distribution and mass distribution.

[0063] Further, the tower is tested according to the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: First, ensure that all components of the tower model that can dynamically adjust the stiffness distribution and mass distribution can be assembled as required and can be started normally.

[0065] Step 2: According to the actual test requirements, install the tower model on the floating platform for the test and connect it to other parts of the wind turbine. At the same time, input the wind field and wave field required for the test into the test pool.

[0066] Step 3: Use the six-component force sensor at the bottom of the model tower to collect corresponding data.

[0067] Step 4: Change the required wind field and wave field according to the test requirements and repeat step 3.

Claims

1. A tower model capable of dynamically adjusting stiffness distribution and mass distribution, characterized in that: The invention comprises a conical inner tower (1) with a closed first end (101) and an open second end (102) of the inner tower, and an outer tower (4) sleeved on the outer wall of the inner tower (1) and having an outer shape that is geometrically similar to the tower, wherein the size of the first end (101) of the inner tower is larger than the size of the second end (102) of the inner tower; the outer end surface of the first end (101) of the inner tower is connected to a first flange (301) and is fixed to a six-component force sensor (7) at the bottom of the tower through the first flange (301); a threaded hole is provided on the inner end surface of the first end (101) of the inner tower; a thread is provided on the inner wall of the second end (102) of the inner tower, and the second end (102) of the inner tower is connected to an inner tower cover plate (8) through a thread. The inner tower cover plate (8) is a circular cover plate, the diameter of which is consistent with the inner diameter of the second end (102) of the inner tower, and can close the second end (102) of the inner tower; an aluminum rod (2) is arranged inside the inner tower (1); the first end (201) of the aluminum rod is fixed with a second flange (302), and the second flange (302) is connected and fixed with a threaded hole on the inner end surface of the first end (101) of the inner tower by bolts; the second end (202) of the aluminum rod is fixed with a third flange (303), and the third flange (303) is connected with the inner end surface of the inner tower cover plate (8) by bolts; the aluminum rod (2) is provided with an external thread, and a plurality of mass blocks (6) are arranged along the height direction of the aluminum rod (2) The mass block (6) is annular, and the inner wall is provided with a thread that is engaged with the thread of the aluminum rod (2). The mass block (6) is moved along the height direction of the aluminum rod (2) through the thread; the aluminum rod (2) is arranged with multiple groups of dynamic support adjustment devices (5) along the height direction, and each group of dynamic support adjustment devices (5) includes a base (505), multiple remote-controlled wireless servo motors (501), the same number of aluminum telescopic support rods (502) controlled by the remote-controlled wireless servo motors (501), and buffers (503), and flexible rubber contact heads (504); each remote-controlled wireless servo motor (501) independently controls a telescopic support rod (502); the dynamic The support adjustment device (5) is connected to the aluminum rod (2) through a thread provided on the base (505), and can be spirally raised or lowered along the height direction of the aluminum rod (2) through the thread; each remote-controlled wireless servo motor (501) is fixed on the base (505); the telescopic support rod (502) is divided into two sections, the beginning of the first section is connected to the output shaft of the remote-controlled wireless servo motor (501), and the end is connected to one end of the buffer (503); the beginning of the telescopic support rod (502) of the second section is connected to the other end of the buffer (503), and a flexible rubber contact head (504) is installed at the end, and the flexible rubber contact head (504) has no sliding support with the inner wall of the inner tower tube (1).

2. A tower model capable of dynamically adjusting stiffness distribution and mass distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tower (4) is connected to the inner tower (1) by gluing.

3. A tower model capable of dynamically adjusting stiffness distribution and mass distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the buffer (503) is connected and fixed to the telescopic support rod (502) close to one end of the aluminum rod (2) through a reserved thread and a bolt hole, and the other end is connected and fixed to the telescopic support rod (502) close to the inner tower wall through a latch.

4. A tower model capable of dynamically adjusting stiffness distribution and mass distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-sliding support means that when the tower is slightly deformed by an external load, the flexible rubber contact head (504) can be deformed appropriately, thereby ensuring that the contact point with the inner tower (1) does not change significantly.

5. The tower model capable of dynamically adjusting stiffness distribution and mass distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tower is made of aluminum alloy, and the material of the outer tower is required to meet the following conditions: (1) Easy processing; (2) Lightweight, allowing for large space for mass adjustment; (3) The stiffness is small, and the influence on the stiffness control of the inner tower is small. The stiffness of the tower model is approximately equal to the stiffness of the inner tower.

6. A tower model capable of dynamically adjusting stiffness distribution and mass distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total mass of the outer tower, inner tower, internal aluminum rod and its accessories meet the mass similarity requirements under the Froude similarity system. The accessories refer to all devices connected to the aluminum rod, including several dynamic support adjustment devices and several mass blocks. The inner tower, internal aluminum rod and its accessories ensure similar stiffness, thereby ensuring the reliability of the dynamic response transmission of the wind turbine superstructure. On this basis, the outer tower fully ensures the similarity of geometric shape to ensure the sufficient similarity of aerodynamic loads. The similarity of aerodynamic loads is achieved through the dimensionless aerodynamic load C F To ensure that, the specific equation is: Where: F(z) is the aerodynamic load at height z; ρ is the fluid density; V is the fluid velocity; C D (z) is the local drag coefficient at height Z (dimensionless); D is the local diameter of the tower; V REF is the wind speed at the top of the tower; D REF is the top diameter of the tower; The mass similarity equation is specifically: Where: m p is the total mass of the prototype floating wind turbine tower, m m is the total mass of the model tower, λ is the scale used in the model test under the Froude similarity system; The geometrically similar equation is specifically: Where: Lp represents the geometric characteristic length of the prototype floating wind turbine tower, Lm represents the geometric characteristic length of the model tower, and λ is the scale used in the model test under the Froude similarity system.

7. A working method of a tower model capable of dynamically adjusting stiffness distribution and mass distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Here are the steps: Step 1: First, ensure that all components of the tower model that can dynamically adjust the stiffness distribution and mass distribution can be assembled as required and can be started normally; Step 2: According to the actual test requirements, install the tower model on the floating platform for the test and connect it to other parts of the wind turbine. At the same time, input the wind field and wave field required for the test into the test pool; Step 3: Collect corresponding data using the six-component force sensor at the bottom of the model tower; Step 4: Change the required wind field and wave field according to the test requirements and repeat step 3.

8. The working method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The installation steps of the tower model with dynamically adjustable stiffness distribution and mass distribution are as follows: (1) The second flange (302) of the first end (201) of the aluminum rod is pre-fixed to the first end (101) of the inner tower, while the second end (202) of the aluminum rod is not connected to the second end (102) of the inner tower; (2) appropriately adjusting the mass block (6) so that the mass distribution of the model tower along the height direction is close to that of the prototype tower, and ensuring that the center of mass position of the model tower and the center of mass position of the prototype tower satisfy the Froude similarity system; (3) fixing the third flange (303) of the second end (202) of the aluminum rod to the second end (102) of the inner tower; (4) controlling and adjusting the remote control wireless servo motor (501) to fully contact the inner wall of the inner tower tube (1) by adjusting the extension length of the telescopic support rod (502), thereby ensuring that the stiffness distribution of the model tower tube along the height direction is similar to that of the prototype tower tube; (5) The first flange (301) at the first end (101) of the inner tower is fixed to the six-component force sensor (7) at the bottom of the model tower, thereby achieving the installation of a tower model that satisfies the requirements of dynamically adjustable stiffness distribution and mass distribution.

Images