Phononic crystal primitive cell, phononic crystal vibration suppressor and vibration suppression method of phononic crystal vibration suppressor

Abstract

The invention discloses a phonon crystal primitive cell, a phonon crystal vibration suppressor and a vibration suppression method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of phonon vibration suppression. The phononic crystal primitive cell comprises a base body, phononic crystals are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the base body, each phononic crystal comprises a plurality of coating layers and first scatterers which are alternately distributed, the coating layers and the first scatterers are of concentric circular ring structures, the coating layers are connected with the base body, and the scatterers are connected with the coating layers. A second scatterer is arranged in the center of the base body and located in the center of the coating layer and the first scatterer. The invention further discloses a photonic crystal vibration suppressor. By adopting the photonic crystal primitive cell, the photonic crystal vibration suppressor and the vibration suppression method of the photonic crystal vibration suppressor, the problem that an existing suppressor is poor in low-frequency vibration suppression effect can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of phonon vibration suppression, and in particular to a phononic crystal primitive cell, a phononic crystal vibration suppressor and a vibration suppression method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern railway transportation systems, rails, as key infrastructure, play an important role in guiding train operation and transferring loads. However, with the continuous increase in train speed and transportation volume, the vibration and noise problems generated by rails during use have become increasingly prominent. This has had a serious impact on the living environment of residents along the railway and the operational stability of the railway system itself. The rail vibration caused by train running will be transmitted to surrounding buildings and underground facilities through the roadbed and roadbed, threatening their structural safety. Long-term vibration will also cause fatigue damage to railway components such as rails and fasteners, shorten their service life, increase railway maintenance costs and safety hazards. Although cushioning materials such as rubber pads can reduce vibration and noise to a certain extent, their performance will decrease with time and changes in the use environment, and they need to be replaced frequently, with high maintenance costs. Moreover, the vibration and noise reduction effects of these materials are limited in frequency, and are often only effective for vibration and noise in specific frequency bands, and cannot fully solve the complex railway vibration and noise problems.

[0003] Phononic crystals can block the propagation of elastic waves within a specific frequency range, providing a new approach to solving rail vibration and noise problems. The application of phononic crystals in rail suppressors is gradually gaining traction, which is expected to overcome the shortcomings of traditional technologies, achieve efficient suppression of rail vibration and noise, and improve the environmental friendliness and safety of railway transportation.

[0004] The existing patent CN202010613391.X discloses a rail dynamic vibration absorber, and the main structure thickness direction includes three parts: a rail buffer layer, a phononic crystal structure layer, and an external constraint layer; the band gap generated by the phononic crystal structure layer can cover the main frequency of various vibrations, so that the vibration of the rail is attenuated, and the vibration energy transmitted to the sub-rail structure and surrounding buildings is further reduced, and the related structures are protected. A vibration-damping rail is also disclosed, and the rail dynamic vibration absorber is installed on the rail. With the rail as the inner side, the rail buffer layer, the phononic crystal structure layer, and the external constraint layer are arranged from the inside to the outside, and the structure is fixed to the rail waist between the two sets of fasteners with a prefabricated fixture to form a vibration-damping rail with a phononic crystal structure that is symmetrical about the cross-section of the rail. The above patent is helpful for the control of vibration and noise reduction of rail transit, high-speed railways and heavy-duty railways, especially suitable for urban rail transit, high-speed railways, heavy-duty railways and ordinary railways, and can also be used for vibration reduction of other power machinery. However, the above patent cannot effectively suppress vibrations of various frequencies, especially the suppression effect on low-frequency vibrations is relatively poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a phononic crystal primitive cell, a phononic crystal vibration suppressor and a vibration suppression method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the existing suppressor has a relatively poor effect on suppressing low-frequency vibrations.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a phononic crystal unit cell, including a substrate, with phononic crystals symmetrically arranged on both sides of the substrate, the phononic crystal including a plurality of alternatingly distributed cladding layers and a first scatterer, the cladding layer and the first scatterer are concentric circular ring structures, the cladding layer is connected to the substrate, and the scatterer is connected to the cladding layer.

[0007] Preferably, a second scatterer is disposed at the center of the substrate, and the second scatterer is located at the center of the cladding layer and the first scatterer.

[0008] Preferably, the substrate is one of epoxy resin, aluminum, copper, titanium, lead, and tungsten, the side length of the substrate is 25mm-35mm, and the thickness of the substrate is 1mm-4mm.

[0009] Preferably, the coating layer is silicone rubber or steel, and the scatterer is steel, copper or silicone rubber; the outer diameter of the coating layer is 20mm-30mm, the inner diameter of the coating layer is 15mm-25mm, and the height of the coating layer is 3mm-6mm; the outer diameter of the scatterer is 20mm-30mm, the inner diameter of the scatterer is 15mm-25mm, and the height of the scatterer is 3mm-5mm.

[0010] Preferably, the second scatterer is made of steel, and the diameter of the second scatterer is 5 mm-10 mm.

[0011] A phononic crystal vibration suppressor comprises the above-mentioned phononic crystal primitive cells, which are fixed on buffer blocks in a linear array. The buffer blocks are arranged at the rail waists on both sides of the rail, and the buffer blocks are fitted to the rail waists.

[0012] Preferably, the buffer block is provided with mounting holes corresponding to the second scatterer arranged in the center of the base, and the waist of the rail is provided with a socket for inserting the second scatterer. The phononic crystal unit cell fixes the buffer block and the phononic crystal unit cell on the rail through the second scatterer.

[0013] Preferably, a clamping device for clamping the phononic crystal unit cell on the rail is arranged on the outside of the phononic crystal unit cell; the clamping device includes a base, which is located below the rail, a mounting seat is arranged above the base, a lifting structure for driving the mounting seat to rise and fall is arranged on the base, a linear array of phononic crystal units is arranged on the upper surface of the mounting seat, and the mounting seat is connected to the bottom of the rail through the phononic crystal unit cell; fixing plates are fixed on both sides of the mounting seat, a clamping plate is arranged on the inner side of the fixing plate, a fixing hole for inserting the second scatterer is arranged on the clamping plate, and a limiting structure for limiting and guiding the movement of the clamping plate is arranged on the base.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting structure comprises a plurality of bidirectional screw rods arranged in parallel, the bidirectional screw rods are rotatably arranged on the base, the bidirectional screw rods are synchronously connected through a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, a handle for driving the bidirectional screw rod to rotate is arranged at the end of a bidirectional screw rod, and sliding sleeves are respectively threadedly connected at both ends of the bidirectional screw rod, and the sliding sleeves are hinged to the mounting seat through a transmission rod; a plurality of fixing sleeves are arranged on the base, and sliding rods corresponding to the fixing sleeves are arranged on the mounting seat, the sliding rods are slidably inserted in the fixing sleeves, and a spring is arranged between the fixing sleeves and the mounting seat; The limiting structure includes a limiting column, which is fixedly arranged on the base, and the limiting columns are located at both ends of the clamping plate. A limiting groove is arranged inside the limiting column along the length direction of the limiting column, and the limiting groove is an open groove that penetrates the side wall of the limiting column. A sliding block that is adapted to the limiting groove is arranged on the clamping plate, and the sliding block is located in the limiting groove and is slidably connected to the limiting groove. An avoidance groove for the sliding block to pass through is arranged on the top of the limiting groove close to the side of the clamping plate, and the avoidance groove has a guiding and limiting effect on the horizontal sliding of the sliding block. A limiting strip is arranged at the opening of the limiting strip, and the limiting strip is located below the avoidance strip. Slide grooves that are adapted to the limiting strip are arranged on both sides of the sliding block, and the limiting strip is located in the slide groove and is slidably connected to the slide groove. The fixing plate is provided with a plurality of installation slots, which are hinged to the clamping plate through connecting rods.

[0015] The vibration suppression method based on the above-mentioned phononic crystal vibration suppressor includes the following steps: S1, arranging the phononic crystal primitive cells in a linear array on a mounting seat, and setting buffer blocks on both sides of the rail waist of the rail, and inserting the second scatterer of the phononic crystal primitive cell into the mounting hole of the buffer block and into the jack of the rail; S2. The handle drives the bidirectional screw to rotate, and the bidirectional screws rotate synchronously through the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt. The bidirectional screw drives the two sliding sleeves thereon to slide relatively, and the sliding sleeve drives the transmission rod to rotate, and the transmission rod drives the mounting seat to move upward; S3, the mounting seat drives the fixed plate to move upward synchronously, the fixed plate drives the clamping plate to move upward synchronously through the connecting rod, the clamping plate drives the slider to slide along the limit groove, the slide groove slides along the limit strip, the limit groove has a guiding and limiting effect on the upward sliding of the clamping plate, the slider slides to the top of the limit groove, the slider is blocked by the top of the limit groove and stops sliding, and the slide groove slides out of the limit strip; the mounting seat drives the fixed plate to continue to move upward, and the fixed plate drives the slider to slide horizontally along the avoidance groove at the top of the limit groove through the connecting rod; S4. Insert the second scatterer of the phononic crystal unit cell at the waist of the rail into the fixing hole on the clamp, continue to turn the handle, and the mounting seat moves upward to clamp the phononic crystal unit cell at the bottom of the rail between the mounting seat and the bottom of the rail; the clamp slides horizontally to clamp the phononic crystal unit cell at the waist of the rail on the waist of the rail, and the second scatterer passes through the fixing hole, and the nut is tightened on the outside of the second scatterer, and the second scatterer and the clamp are locked by the nut.

[0016] The advantages and positive effects of the phononic crystal primitive cell, the phononic crystal vibration suppressor and the vibration suppression method thereof described in the present invention are: 1. The phononic crystal unit cell structure of the present invention is simple, and has a very good vibration suppression effect on low-frequency vibrations, and also has a very good vibration suppression effect on high-frequency vibrations.

[0017] 2. The present invention designs two phononic crystal primitive cells, which are complementary to each other. The two phononic crystal primitive cells are used in combination to improve the vibration suppression effect.

[0018] 3. The present invention realizes the clamping and fixing of the phononic crystal unit cells at the bottom of the rail and both sides of the rail waist by arranging a clamping device, which is easy to operate.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a phononic crystal unit cell according to Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 6 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a phononic crystal unit cell according to Example 6 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a phononic crystal suppressor according to Example 9 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a buffer block according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the rail structure of Example 9 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the phononic crystal suppressor according to Example 10 of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the phononic crystal suppressor according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a phononic crystal suppressor clamping device according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the phononic crystal suppressor clamping device according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting structure of the phononic crystal suppressor according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention; Fig.13 is the band gap of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.14 is the band gap of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 2 of the present invention; Fig.15 is the band gap of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 3 of the present invention; Fig.16 is the band gap of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 4 of the present invention; Fig.17 is the band gap of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 5 of the present invention; Fig.18 is the band gap of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 6 of the present invention; Fig.19 is the band gap of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 7 of the present invention; Fig. 20 It is the band gap of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 8 of the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals 1. Substrate; 2. Coating layer; 3. First scatterer; 4. Second scatterer; 5. Rail; 6. Buffer block; 7. Mounting hole; 8. Socket; 9. Base; 10. Mounting seat; 11. Fixing plate; 12. Clamp; 13. Fixing hole; 14. Limiting column; 15. Fixing sleeve; 16. Slide rod; 17. Spring; 18. Bidirectional screw rod; 19. Handle; 20. Synchronous wheel; 21. Synchronous belt; 22. Slide sleeve; 23. Transmission rod; 24. Mounting groove; 25. Connecting rod; 26. Sliding block; 27. Limiting groove; 28. Limiting strip; 29. ​​Slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application. In the event of any inconsistency, the meaning described in this specification or the meaning derived from the contents recorded in this specification shall prevail. In addition, the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. In order to accurately describe the technical content in this application and to accurately understand the present invention, the following explanations or definitions are given to the terms used in this specification before describing the specific embodiments: The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown. A phononic crystal unit cell includes a substrate 1, and phononic crystals are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the substrate 1. The phononic crystal includes a plurality of alternately distributed coating layers 2 and a first scatterer 3, and the coating layer 2 and the first scatterer 3 are concentric ring structures. The coating layer 2 is fixedly connected to the substrate 1 by gluing or hot melting, and the scatterer is fixedly connected to the coating layer 2 by gluing or vulcanization.

[0025] The substrate 1 is one of epoxy resin, aluminum, copper, titanium, lead and tungsten. The side length of the substrate 1 is 25mm-35mm, and the thickness of the substrate 1 is 1mm-4mm.

[0026] The coating layer 2 is made of silicone rubber or steel, and the scatterer is made of steel, copper or silicone rubber. The outer diameter of the coating layer 2 is 20mm-30mm, the inner diameter of the coating layer 2 is 15mm-25mm, and the height of the coating layer 2 is 3mm-6mm. The outer diameter of the scatterer is 20mm-30mm, the inner diameter of the scatterer is 15mm-25mm, and the height of the scatterer is 3mm-5mm.

[0027] Example 1 A phononic crystal primitive cell includes a substrate 1, and phononic crystals are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the substrate 1. The phononic crystal includes a plurality of alternately distributed coating layers 2 and a first scatterer 3, and the coating layer 2 and the first scatterer 3 are concentric ring structures. The coating layer 2 and the substrate 1 are fixedly connected by gluing or hot melting, and the scatterer and the coating layer 2 are fixedly connected by gluing or vulcanization.

[0028] The substrate 1 is epoxy resin, the substrate 1 is a cube with a side of 30 mm, and the thickness of the substrate 1 is 2 mm.

[0029] The coating layer 2 is made of silicone rubber, and the scatterer is made of steel. The outer diameter of the coating layer 2 is 24 mm, the inner diameter of the coating layer 2 is 20 mm, and the height of the coating layer 2 is 5 mm. The outer diameter of the scatterer is 24 mm, the inner diameter of the scatterer is 20 mm, and the height of the scatterer is 4 mm.

[0030] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the substrate 1 is made of aluminum.

[0031] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the substrate 1 is one of lead, tungsten, copper or titanium.

[0032] Example 4 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the scatterer is made of silicone rubber and the coating layer 2 is made of steel.

[0033] Example 5 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the scatterer is copper.

[0034] Example 6 like Figure 3 , Figure 4 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: The center of the base 1 is provided with a second scatterer 4, which is located at the center of the coating layer 2 and the first scatterer 3. The center of the base 1 is provided with a through hole for the second scatterer 4 to pass through, and the second scatterer 4 is rotatably connected to the base 1 or fixed together by thread, adhesive vulcanization. The second scatterer 4 is used to fix the base 1 on the rail 5.

[0035] The second scatterer 4 is a steel bolt or screw, and the diameter of the second scatterer 4 is 6 mm.

[0036] Example 7 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the substrate 1 is made of aluminum.

[0037] Example 8 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the substrate 1 is one of lead, tungsten, copper or titanium.

[0038] The band gaps of the phononic crystal primitive cells of Examples 1-8 were tested, and the results were as follows: Figure 13-Figure 20 shown.

[0039] contrast Fig.13 , Fig.14 and Fig.15 It can be seen that when epoxy resin is used as the substrate 1, the complete band gap increases. When the substrate 1 is aluminum, the bandwidth frequency range is large. Compared with the phononic crystal unit cell with epoxy resin as the substrate 1, the number of complete band gaps is small and the band gap range is small. When the substrate 1 is lead, tungsten, copper or titanium, the influence of several materials on the band gap is small, showing a rule that the complete band gap area is small and narrow. When the substrate 1 is made of epoxy resin or aluminum, it has a relatively good vibration suppression effect on low-frequency vibrations. When the substrate 1 is made of epoxy resin, it also has a very good vibration suppression effect on high-frequency vibrations.

[0040] contrast Fig.13 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 It can be seen that the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 1, in which the substrate 1 is epoxy resin, the scatterer is steel, and the coating layer 2 is silicone rubber, has a large number of complete band gaps, especially concentrated complete band gaps, and a large bandwidth frequency range. The phononic crystal unit cell of Example 4 has a dispersed complete band gap, and a reduced frequency range. The phononic crystal unit cell of Example 5 has a narrower complete band gap frequency range, and a small number of directional band gaps.

[0041] contrast Fig.18 , Fig.19 , Fig. 20 It can be seen that the complete band gap range formed by the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 5 in Example 6 is wide, the bandwidth frequency range is large, and the performance is better. The number of complete band gaps formed by the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 7 is small, and the band gap range is small. The complete band gap area of ​​the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 8 is small and narrow.

[0042] contrast Fig.13 and Fig.18 It can be seen that the number of complete band gaps and directional band gaps of the phononic crystal unit cell of Example 1 is greater, and such phononic crystal unit cells account for a higher proportion in the vibration corrugation suppressor of the rail 5. More complete band gaps and directional band gaps are more suitable and beneficial for suppressing the vibration noise and most vibration forms formed by corrugation of the rail 5. The phononic crystal unit cell in Example 6 can form multiple complete band gaps with a wider frequency band range.

[0043] Therefore, the installation and fixing position is flexibly selected in combination with the actual main vibration mode of the rail 5, so as to suppress the vibration noise and corrugation of the rail 5 according to the main vibration mode.

[0044] By comparing the band gaps of the phononic crystal unit cells of Example 1 and Example 6, both can form good complete band gaps in some of the same frequency bands, indicating that both can exert the same advantages, and their complete band gaps are also well complementary to a certain extent. Effective use of both can achieve the band gap advantages within the overall research frequency band.

[0045] The fixing bolts of the second scatterer 4 are used to form two types of phononic crystal unit cell structures in the same device, which can better play the advantages of the two types of unit cells. Combined with the periodic design in three-dimensional space during the actual installation process, the advantages of the acoustic metamaterial phononic crystal's own structural design and periodic design are fully utilized to effectively suppress the vibration, noise and corrugation of the rail 5 and dissipate the vibration energy as much as possible.

[0046] Example 9 like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown. A phononic crystal vibration suppressor includes a phononic crystal unit cell, which is fixed on a buffer block 6 in a linear array. The buffer block 6 is a rubber block, and the buffer block 6 is arranged at the rail waist on both sides of the rail 5. The side of the buffer block 6 close to the rail waist is adapted to the shape of the rail waist, so that the buffer block 6 fits tightly with the rail waist. The buffer block 6 has a buffering effect on the vibration of the rail 5. The phononic crystal unit cell is fitted with the rail waist through the rubber buffer block 6, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the phononic crystal unit cell, and is beneficial to the transmission of vibration, thereby improving the vibration suppression effect.

[0047] The buffer block 6 is provided with mounting holes 7 corresponding to the second scatterer 4 provided at the center of the base 1. The waist of the rail 5 is provided with a plug hole 8 for inserting the second scatterer 4, and the second scatterer 4 is connected to the rail 5 by threading or directly plugging. The phononic crystal unit cell fixes the buffer block 6 and the phononic crystal unit cell on the rail 5 through the second scatterer 4.

[0048] For the phononic crystal unit cells without the second scatterer 4, the phononic crystal unit cells are fixed on the buffer block 6 in a linear array, and the phononic crystal unit cells and the buffer block 6 are directly clamped and fixed on the rail waist by a clamp.

[0049] The length of the phononic crystal vibration suppressor is 300 mm-600 mm, and one phononic crystal vibration suppressor can be provided on both sides of the rail 5 or multiple phononic crystal vibration suppressors can be provided along the length direction of the rail 5 as required.

[0050] Example 10 like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10As shown. A clamping device for clamping the phononic crystal unit cell to the rail 5 is arranged outside the phononic crystal unit cell. The clamping device includes a base 9, which is located below the rail 5, and the base 9 is directly placed on the ground or on the ballast. A mounting seat 10 is arranged above the base 9, and a lifting structure for driving the mounting seat 10 to rise and fall is arranged on the base 9. A linear array of phononic crystal units is arranged on the upper surface of the mounting seat 10, and the mounting seat 10 is in contact with the bottom of the rail 5 through the phononic crystal unit cell. The phononic crystal unit cell is fixed on the mounting seat 10, and the mounting seat 10 tightly fits the phononic crystal unit cell to the bottom of the rail 5 to suppress the vibration of the bottom of the rail 5. Fixed plates 11 are fixed on both sides of the mounting seat 10, and a clamping plate 12 is arranged on the inner side of the fixed plate 11. The clamping plate 12 is used to clamp the phononic crystal unit cell and the buffer block 6 on the waist of the rail 5.

[0051] For the phononic crystal unit cell provided with the second scatterer 4, a fixing hole 13 for inserting the second scatterer 4 is provided on the clamp 12. The second scatterer 4 passes through the fixing hole 13 of the clamp 12 and is then tightened by a nut to improve the stability of the phononic crystal unit cell fixed on the rail 5.

[0052] The base 9 is provided with a limiting structure which has a limiting and guiding function for the movement of the clamping plate 12. Under the action of the limiting structure, the clamping plate 12 first moves upward and then moves horizontally, thereby clamping the phononic crystal unit cell on the rail waist.

[0053] like Fig.11 As shown. The lifting structure includes a plurality of bidirectional screw rods 18 arranged in parallel, and the bidirectional screw rods 18 are rotatably arranged on the base 9 through a bearing seat. The bidirectional screw rods 18 are synchronously connected through a synchronous wheel 20 and a synchronous belt 21. A handle 19 for driving the bidirectional screw rod 18 to rotate is fixedly arranged at the end of a bidirectional screw rod 18. Slide sleeves 22 are respectively threadedly connected at both ends of the bidirectional screw rod 18. The rotation of the bidirectional screw rod 18 drives the two slide sleeves 22 to slide relative to or away from each other. The slide sleeve 22 is hinged to the mounting seat 10 through a transmission rod 23, and the slide sleeve 22 converts the horizontal movement into the up and down movement of the mounting seat 10 through the transmission rod 23.

[0054] A plurality of fixing sleeves 15 are fixedly arranged on the base 9, and a slide bar 16 corresponding to the fixing sleeves 15 is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat 10. The slide bar 16 is slidably inserted in the fixing sleeve 15, and a spring 17 is arranged between the fixing sleeve 15 and the mounting seat 10. The spring 17 is sleeved on the outside of the slide bar 16 to buffer the vibration of the mounting seat 10.

[0055] like Fig.12As shown. The limiting structure includes a limiting column 14, which is fixedly arranged on the base 9. The limiting column 14 is located at both ends of the clamping plate 12. A limiting groove 27 is arranged inside the limiting column 14 along the length direction of the limiting column 14, and a slider 26 adapted to the limiting groove 27 is fixedly arranged on the clamping plate 12. The slider 26 is located in the limiting groove 27 and is slidably connected with the limiting groove 27. The limiting groove 27 is an open groove that runs through the side wall of the limiting column 14, so that the slider 26 can slide along the limiting groove 27. The top of the limiting groove 27 is a blind end, which has a blocking and limiting effect on the sliding of the slider 26. A avoidance groove for the slider 26 to pass through is arranged on the top of the limiting groove 27 near the side of the clamping plate 12, and the avoidance groove has a guiding and limiting effect on the horizontal sliding of the slider 26. The length of the avoidance groove is slightly greater than the length of the slider 26, so that the slider 26 can just slide out of the avoidance groove. After the slider 26 slides to the top of the limiting groove 27, the slider 26 begins to slide horizontally along the avoidance groove due to the obstruction of the top of the limiting groove 27, thereby clamping the phononic crystal unit cell.

[0056] A limit strip 28 is fixedly provided at the opening of the limit groove 27, and the limit strip 28 is located below the avoidance groove. Slide grooves 29 adapted to the limit strip 28 are fixedly provided on both sides of the slider 26, and the limit strip 28 is located in the slide groove 29 and is slidably connected with the slide groove 29. When the slider 26 slides to the avoidance groove, the limit groove 27 just slides out from the limit strip 28. When the clamping plate 12 slides outward horizontally, the slider 26 slides into the limit groove 27 through the avoidance groove, and at this time, the limit groove 27 is just aligned with the limit strip 28, and the limit strip 28 just slides into the limit groove 27, thereby improving the stability of the slider 26 when it moves up and down.

[0057] The fixing plate 11 is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 24, which are hinged to the clamping plate 12 through a connecting rod 25. The connecting rod 25 supports the clamping plate 12, so that the clamping plate 12 can move up and down with the fixing plate 11; and after the slider 26 slides to the top of the limit groove 27, the up and down movement of the fixing plate 11 is converted into the horizontal movement of the clamping plate 12 driven by the slider 26.

[0058] The vibration suppression method of the phononic crystal vibration suppressor comprises the following steps: S1. Arrange the phononic crystal primitive cells in a linear array on the mounting seat 10, and set buffer blocks 6 on both sides of the rail waist of the rail 5. The second scatterer 4 of the phononic crystal primitive cell is inserted into the mounting hole 7 of the buffer block 6 and into the socket 8 of the rail 5.

[0059] S2. The handle 19 drives the bidirectional screw 18 to rotate, and the bidirectional screw 18 rotates synchronously through the synchronous wheel 20 and the synchronous belt 21. The bidirectional screw 18 drives the two sliding sleeves 22 thereon to slide relatively, the sliding sleeves 22 drive the transmission rod 23 to rotate, and the transmission rod 23 drives the mounting seat 10 to move upward.

[0060] S3, the mounting seat 10 drives the fixed plate 11 to move upward synchronously, the fixed plate 11 drives the clamping plate 12 to move upward synchronously through the connecting rod 25, the clamping plate 12 drives the slider 26 to slide along the limiting groove 27, the slide 29 slides along the limiting strip 28, and the limiting groove 27 has a guiding and limiting effect on the upward sliding of the clamping plate 12. The slider 26 slides to the top of the limiting groove 27, the slider 26 is blocked by the top of the limiting groove 27 and stops sliding, and the slide 29 slides out of the limiting strip 28. The mounting seat 10 drives the fixed plate 11 to continue to move upward, the fixed plate 11 drives the slider 26 to slide horizontally along the avoidance groove at the top of the limiting groove 27 through the connecting rod 25, and the slider 26 drives the clamping plate 12 to slide horizontally.

[0061] S4, insert the second scatterer 4 of the phononic crystal unit cell at the waist of the rail 5 into the fixing hole 13 on the clamping plate 12, continue to turn the handle 19, the mounting seat 10 moves upward to clamp the phononic crystal unit cell at the bottom of the rail 5 between the mounting seat 10 and the bottom of the rail 5. The clamping plate 12 slides horizontally to clamp the phononic crystal unit cell at the waist of the rail 5 on the waist of the rail, the second scatterer 4 passes through the fixing hole 13, and the nut is tightened on the outside of the second scatterer 4, and the second scatterer 4 and the clamping plate 12 are locked by the nut.

[0062] Therefore, the use of the phononic crystal primitive cell, the phononic crystal vibration suppressor and the vibration suppression method thereof described in the present invention can solve the problem that the existing suppressor has a relatively poor effect on suppressing low-frequency vibrations.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phononic crystal unit cell, characterized in that: It comprises a substrate, and phononic crystals are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the substrate. The phononic crystals comprise a plurality of alternately distributed cladding layers and a first scatterer. The cladding layer and the first scatterer are concentric ring structures. The cladding layer is connected to the substrate, and the scatterer is connected to the cladding layer.

2. A phononic crystal unit cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second scatterer is arranged at the center of the substrate, and the second scatterer is located at the center of the cladding layer and the first scatterer.

3. A phononic crystal unit cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The substrate is one of epoxy resin, aluminum, copper, titanium, lead and tungsten, the side length of the substrate is 25mm-35mm, and the thickness of the substrate is 1mm-4mm.

4. A phononic crystal unit cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The coating layer is made of silicone rubber or steel, and the scatterer is made of steel, copper or silicone rubber; the outer diameter of the coating layer is 20mm-30mm, the inner diameter of the coating layer is 15mm-25mm, and the height of the coating layer is 3mm-6mm; the outer diameter of the scatterer is 20mm-30mm, the inner diameter of the scatterer is 15mm-25mm, and the height of the scatterer is 3mm-5mm.

5. The phononic crystal unit cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second scatterer is made of steel, and has a diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm.

6. A phononic crystal vibration suppressor, characterized in that: The phononic crystal unit cell comprises the phononic crystal unit cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the phononic crystal unit cell is fixed on a buffer block in a linear array, and the buffer block is arranged at the rail waist on both sides of the rail, and the buffer block is in contact with the rail waist.

7. The phononic crystal vibration suppressor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buffer block is provided with mounting holes corresponding to the second scatterer arranged in the center of the substrate, and the waist of the rail is provided with a socket for inserting the second scatterer. The phononic crystal unit cell fixes the buffer block and the phononic crystal unit cell on the rail through the second scatterer.

8. The phononic crystal vibration suppressor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outside of the phononic crystal unit cell is provided with a clamping device for clamping and fixing the phononic crystal unit cell on the rail; the clamping device includes a base, which is located below the rail, a mounting seat is provided above the base, a lifting structure for driving the mounting seat to rise and fall is provided on the base, a linear array of phononic crystal units is provided on the upper surface of the mounting seat, and the mounting seat is connected to the bottom of the rail through the phononic crystal unit cell; fixing plates are fixed on both sides of the mounting seat, a clamping plate is provided on the inner side of the fixing plate, a fixing hole for inserting a second scatterer is provided on the clamping plate, and a limiting structure for limiting and guiding the movement of the clamping plate is provided on the base.

9. The phononic crystal vibration suppressor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting structure comprises a plurality of bidirectional screw rods arranged in parallel, the bidirectional screw rods are rotatably arranged on the base, the bidirectional screw rods are synchronously connected through a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, a handle for driving the bidirectional screw rod to rotate is arranged at the end of a bidirectional screw rod, and sliding sleeves are respectively threadedly connected at both ends of the bidirectional screw rod, and the sliding sleeves are hinged to the mounting seat through a transmission rod; a plurality of fixing sleeves are arranged on the base, and sliding rods corresponding to the fixing sleeves are arranged on the mounting seat, the sliding rods are slidably inserted in the fixing sleeves, and a spring is arranged between the fixing sleeves and the mounting seat; The limiting structure includes a limiting column, which is fixedly arranged on the base, and the limiting columns are located at both ends of the clamping plate. A limiting groove is arranged inside the limiting column along the length direction of the limiting column, and the limiting groove is an open groove that penetrates the side wall of the limiting column. A sliding block that is adapted to the limiting groove is arranged on the clamping plate, and the sliding block is located in the limiting groove and is slidably connected to the limiting groove. An avoidance groove for the sliding block to pass through is arranged on the top of the limiting groove close to the side of the clamping plate, and the avoidance groove has a guiding and limiting effect on the horizontal sliding of the sliding block. A limiting strip is arranged at the opening of the limiting strip, and the limiting strip is located below the avoidance strip. Slide grooves that are adapted to the limiting strip are arranged on both sides of the sliding block, and the limiting strip is located in the slide groove and is slidably connected to the slide groove. The fixing plate is provided with a plurality of installation slots, which are hinged to the clamping plate through connecting rods.

10. A vibration suppression method for a phononic crystal vibration suppressor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, arranging the phononic crystal primitive cells in a linear array on a mounting seat, and setting buffer blocks on both sides of the rail waist of the rail, and inserting the second scatterer of the phononic crystal primitive cell into the mounting hole of the buffer block and into the jack of the rail; S2. The handle drives the bidirectional screw to rotate, and the bidirectional screws rotate synchronously through the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt. The bidirectional screw drives the two sliding sleeves thereon to slide relatively, and the sliding sleeve drives the transmission rod to rotate, and the transmission rod drives the mounting seat to move upward; S3, the mounting seat drives the fixed plate to move upward synchronously, the fixed plate drives the clamping plate to move upward synchronously through the connecting rod, the clamping plate drives the slider to slide along the limit groove, the slide groove slides along the limit strip, the limit groove has a guiding and limiting effect on the upward sliding of the clamping plate, the slider slides to the top of the limit groove, the slider is blocked by the top of the limit groove and stops sliding, and the slide groove slides out of the limit strip; the mounting seat drives the fixed plate to continue to move upward, and the fixed plate drives the slider to slide horizontally along the avoidance groove at the top of the limit groove through the connecting rod; S4. Insert the second scatterer of the phononic crystal unit cell at the waist of the rail into the fixing hole on the clamp, continue to turn the handle, and the mounting seat moves upward to clamp the phononic crystal unit cell at the bottom of the rail between the mounting seat and the bottom of the rail; the clamp slides horizontally to clamp the phononic crystal unit cell at the waist of the rail on the waist of the rail, and the second scatterer passes through the fixing hole, and the nut is tightened on the outside of the second scatterer, and the second scatterer and the clamp are locked by the nut.

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