Short-time covering weed control method for zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim garden

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a green weed control technical method for a zanthoxylum bungeanum orchard, which is convenient for field fertilization management, and comprises the following steps: step 1, applying a germination fertilizer in the first ten days of April, covering black ground cloth with 90% shading rate under a zanthoxylum bungeanum tree disc, and paving the black ground cloth in a strip shape; 2, uncovering the ground cloth before applying the fruit expanding fertilizer in mid-to-late May, covering the ground cloth for about 50 days, and rolling the ground cloth to be left in the field; 3, after fruit picking fertilizer is applied in mid-to-late July, ground cloth is unfolded and covers the tree disks; 4, when autumn fertilizer is applied in the first ten days of September, the ground cloth is uncovered, rolled up and taken back to a warehouse to be stored, and the ground cloth is covered for about 50 days; by means of short-time covering twice a year, weed control is conducted on the red pepper garden, the weed control effect is remarkable, the weed control effect on shallow root system weeds can reach 95% or above, the weed control effect on deep root system weeds can reach 85% or above, and meanwhile the problem of soil hardening caused by long-term covering is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular to a green weed control technical method for a red pepper garden. Background Art

[0002] Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.) is a multi-purpose economic tree species with a long history of cultivation in my country. The planting area of ​​red Sichuan pepper in my country is about 6.5 million mu, of which about 2.8 million mu in Sichuan, about 1.2 million mu in Shaanxi, about 1 million mu in Gansu, and about 1 million mu in Hebei. There are also small amounts of red Sichuan pepper planted in other provinces, such as Shandong and Shanxi, with a total of about 500,000 mu. In mountainous and hilly areas, Sichuan pepper cultivation has become a pillar industry.

[0003] The producing areas of red pepper are mainly distributed in mountainous and hilly areas. There are many types of grass pests, and the harm caused by weeds cannot be ignored. They compete with pepper trees for water, fertilizer, and light. Weeds are also intermediate hosts for pathogens and pests. The main diseases, insects, and weeds occur in a mixed state and are severe all year round.

[0004] At present, chemical control is mainly used in production, and a single chemical agent is sprayed for a long time, resulting in poor control effects, excessive pesticide residues in products, damage to soil structure, and damage to the ecological environment of pepper gardens. The study by Han Zhaoxia et al. (2019) showed that the long-term use of herbicides can cause damage to the root system of pepper, serious damage to the aggregate structure of the soil in the pepper garden, reduce the diameter of pepper fruits, increase pesticide residues in products, and reduce the quality of the peel, which is not conducive to the sustainable production of pepper.

[0005] A few pepper gardens use long-term ground covering to control weeds, which has a good weed control effect, but there are two problems: first, long-term ground covering will cause soil compaction. The root system of pepper is fleshy and mainly distributed in the shallow soil layer of 20-40cm, which is not conducive to the growth of the root system and the growth of the pepper, and the growth gradually weakens; second, long-term covering, especially covering in winter, will cause the flower buds of pepper to sprout prematurely. The red pepper inflorescence is prone to late spring cold during the elongation period, causing the inflorescence to die. Severe late spring cold can lead to a yield reduction of more than 70%. Wu Jia et al. (2005) confirmed that although long-term ground covering has a good weed control effect, it will have an adverse effect on the physiological ecology of the pepper forest.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a weed control method in a red pepper garden that is convenient for fertilization management and effective in controlling weeds without having a negative impact on soil structure and pepper growth. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden, aiming to solve the main problems in the prior art: herbicides seriously damage soil structure, damage the ecological environment, and produce pesticide residues; long-term covering of ground cloth causes soil compaction, weakening of pepper trees, and reduced production; using grass to suppress weeds has high labor costs and high management requirements. The method provided by the present invention does not damage the soil structure and the ecological environment of the pepper garden, the method is simple and easy to master, and does not increase labor costs. In addition, the method can also significantly increase the soil organic matter content and reduce the harm of longhorn beetle pests to the pepper garden, thereby achieving the purpose of green weed control.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Apply bud fertilizer in early April, and cover the red pepper tree tray with a black ground cloth with a shading rate of 90%, laying it in strips; Step 2: Uncover the ground cloth before applying fruit-swelling fertilizer in mid-to-late May. Cover the ground cloth for about 50 days and then roll it up and leave it in the field. Step 3: After applying the fruit-harvesting fertilizer in mid-to-late July, spread out the ground cloth and cover it under the tree tray; Step 4: When applying autumn fertilizer in early September, uncover the ground cloth, roll it up and take it back to the warehouse for storage. The ground cloth should be covered for about 50 days. Weed control in the red pepper garden is carried out through short-term covering twice a year.

[0009] Preferably, the black ground cloth is made of black polyethylene material or black polypropylene material.

[0010] Preferably, the width of the black ground cloth is 0.8-1.2 meters.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the black ground cloth is 0.15 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the strip-shaped laying means that the black ground cloth is laid within a range of 0.8-1.0 cm from both sides of the tree trunk.

[0013] Preferably, the germination fertilizer is a compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 20:10:15.

[0014] Preferably, the fruit-swelling fertilizer is a compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 15:15:15.

[0015] Preferably, the fruit-picking fertilizer is a compound fertilizer, and the autumn fertilizer is a compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium thereof is 15:15:15.

[0016] Preferably, the method is applicable to red pepper planting areas at an altitude of 2000-3000 meters.

[0017] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: after the short-term covering for one year is completed, the black ground cloth is stored in a sun-proof place indoors so as to be used again in the next year.

[0018] The short-time covering weed control method for a red pepper garden provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The present invention controls weeds by covering the ground with cloth for a short period of time twice a year, and the weed control effect is remarkable. The weed control effect on shallow-rooted weeds can reach more than 95%, and the control effect on deep-rooted weeds can reach more than 85%. At the same time, it avoids the problem of soil compaction caused by long-term covering; 2) The method of the present invention can not only effectively control the growth of weeds, but also significantly increase the content of soil organic matter, soil water content, and nutrients such as available phosphorus and available potassium, improve soil ventilation, and reduce soil bulk density; 3) The method of the present invention can increase the yield of red pepper per plant. Experimental data show that the method of the present invention can increase the yield by 8-14% compared with the traditional chemical weed control method, and can maintain a stable yield increase effect for two consecutive years; 4) The method of the present invention can also improve the quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruit, increase the content of volatile oil and amide substances in Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and improve the internal quality of red Zanthoxylum bungeanum; 5) The method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, does not increase labor costs, is green and environmentally friendly, does not pollute the ecological environment, and is in line with the current development trend of ecological agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is the 30-day weed control effect diagram of treatment 1 in test site 2; Figure 2 The 30-day weed control effect of Treatment 1 in Experimental Site 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0021] The short-time covering weed control method for a red pepper garden of the present invention can effectively control the growth of weeds without having a negative impact on the soil structure and the growth of pepper by covering the red pepper tree trays in a specific time period.

[0022] The time of ground cloth covering in the present invention is a key innovation. Through two short-term coverings in a year (about 50 days each), the problems of soil compaction and premature budding caused by long-term covering are avoided. The first covering starts after applying budding fertilizer in early April and ends before applying fruit swelling fertilizer in mid-to-late May; the second covering starts after applying fruit picking fertilizer in mid-to-late July and ends when autumn fertilizer is applied in early September. This covering mode fully considers the growth law of pepper and the characteristics of weed occurrence, can effectively inhibit the growth of weeds in critical periods, and avoids adverse effects on the growth of pepper.

[0023] Example 1 The experiment was conducted in a red pepper garden in Zhenping Township, Songpan County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The area is 2,350 meters above sea level, and the climate is dry, cold, with little precipitation and distinct dry and wet seasons. The red pepper variety planted is June pepper, which is 30 years old. A total of 90 plants with strong growth, moderate tree vigor, consistent growth, and no obvious diseases and insect pests were selected for the experiment. The experimental treatments are as follows: Treatment 1 (method of the present invention): Use black polyethylene material ground cloth (non-degradable), with a thickness of 0.15 mm, a width of 1.0 m, and a shading rate of 89.6%. After applying bud fertilizer (compound fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mass ratio of 20:10:15) on April 10, lay the ground cloth within 0.9 cm from both sides of the trunk; uncover the ground cloth before applying fruit swelling fertilizer (compound fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mass ratio of 15:15:15) on May 20, cover it for a total of 50 days, and roll it up; after applying fruit picking fertilizer (compound fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mass ratio of 15:15:15) on July 15, lay the ground cloth again; when applying autumn fertilizer (compound fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mass ratio of 15:15:15) on September 5, uncover the ground cloth again, cover it for about 52 days, and roll it up and leave it in the ground.

[0024] Control treatment 1: Use chemical agents to control weeds, and use glufosinate ammonium to control weeds 3 times / year.

[0025] The test results show that treatment 1 has a significant weed control effect. As shown in Table 1, treatment 1 has a 100% control effect on Alopecurus mugwort, an 87.5% control effect on Artemisia argyi, and a 100% control effect on Vetch. At the same time, the yield per plant of treatment 1 reached 10.10 kg, an increase of 8.72% over the 9.29 kg of control treatment 1; the dry rate of treatment 1 was 53.25%, higher than the 52.82% of control treatment 1; the fruit diameter reached 5.07 mm, greater than the 5.00 mm of control treatment 1; the thousand-grain weight reached 73.78 g, higher than the 72.66 g of control treatment 1. In addition, the soil bulk density of treatment 1 was 1.12 g / cm3, which was lower than 1.18 g / cm3 of the control treatment 1; the soil organic matter content was 84.60 g / kg, significantly higher than 47.12 g / kg of the control treatment 1; the hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents were 143.0 mg / g, 20.5 mg / g and 256.6 mg / g, respectively, all higher than the corresponding values ​​of the control treatment 1.

[0026] Example 2 The experiment was conducted in a red pepper garden in Feihong Township, Maoxian County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The area is 2,700 meters above sea level, and the climate is characterized by dryness, coldness, little precipitation, and distinct dry and wet seasons. The red pepper variety planted is June pepper, which is 18 years old. The experimental setting is the same as that of Example 1, but the ground cloth used is a black polypropylene material (degradable), with a thickness of 0.15 mm, a width adjusted to 1.2 meters, and a shading rate of 89.6%.

[0027] The test results showed that treatment 2 (using biodegradable ground cloth) had a control effect of 87.5% on goosegrass, 100% on wild pea, 87.53% on chicory, and 100% on quinoa and chickweed. The yield per plant of treatment 2 was 8.76 kg, an increase of 10.89% over the control treatment 1 of 7.90 kg; the drying rate was 55.02%, higher than the control treatment 1 of 54.48%; the fruit diameter and 1000-grain weight were 5.03 mm and 73.42 g, respectively, both higher than the control treatment 1.

[0028] In addition, treatment 2 also improved soil physical and chemical properties. The soil bulk density was 1.10 g / cm3, lower than the 1.22 g / cm3 of control treatment 1; the soil organic matter content was 45.24 g / kg, higher than the 39.56 g / kg of control treatment 1; the hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents were 19.2 mg / g, 50.3 mg / g, and 43.5 mg / g, respectively, all higher than the corresponding values ​​of control treatment 1.

[0029] Example 3 The experiment was conducted in a red pepper garden in Yidong Town, Hanyuan County, Ya'an City. The area is 2,060 meters above sea level, with a dry, cool climate, less precipitation, and distinct dry and wet seasons. The red pepper variety planted is Hanyuan pepper, which is 10 years old.

[0030] The treatment method is basically the same as that in Example 1, but the width of the ground cloth is adjusted to 1.0 m, and the amount of fertilizer applied is appropriately adjusted according to the age and growth of the tree. The ground cloth is covered after applying the bud fertilizer on April 5, and the ground cloth is uncovered before applying the fruit-swelling fertilizer on May 25, and the covering time is 50 days; the ground cloth is covered again after applying the fruit-picking fertilizer on July 20, and the ground cloth is uncovered when applying the autumn fertilizer on September 10, and the covering time is 52 days.

[0031] The test results showed that the treatment had an 89.59% control effect on Artemisia serrata, and a 100% control effect on Vetch, Chickweed and Poa annua. The yield per plant was 9.57 kg, an increase of 14.47% over the 8.36 kg of the control treatment 1; the drying rate was 51.56%, higher than the 51.12% of the control treatment 1; the fruit diameter and 1000-grain weight were 5.03 mm and 69.84 g, respectively, both higher than the control treatment 1.

[0032] In terms of soil physical and chemical properties, the soil bulk density after treatment was 1.13 g / cm3, which was lower than 1.24 g / cm3 of the control treatment 1; the soil organic matter content was 72.34 g / kg, significantly higher than 41.23 g / kg of the control treatment 1; the hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents were 73.0 mg / g, 6.7 mg / g and 157.4 mg / g, respectively, which were generally higher than the corresponding values ​​of the control treatment 1.

[0033] Example 4 Based on Example 1, we further studied the effect of continuous use of the method of the present invention. In the second year (2023), the same covering method was used to continue the test at the same test site.

[0034] The results showed that the yield per plant of treatment 1 in the second year reached 10.50 kg, an increase of 12.30% over the 9.35 kg of control treatment 1; the drying rate was 52.95%, higher than 51.76% of control treatment 1; the thousand-grain weight reached 78.90 g, higher than 76.86 g of control treatment 1. At the same time, the volatile oil content of treatment 1 reached 6.82 ml / 100 g, significantly higher than 4.92 ml / 100 g of control treatment 1; the content of amide substances (calculated as β-sanshool) was 78.10 mg / g, higher than 72.70 mg / g of control treatment 1.

[0035] This indicates that after two years of continuous use, the method of the present invention can still maintain good weed control effects and yield-increasing effects, and can continuously improve the yield and quality of red pepper.

[0036] Example 5 In order to study the effect of different ground cloth widths on the weed control effect, based on Example 1, three black polyethylene ground cloths with different widths of 0.8 m, 1.0 m and 1.2 m were tested respectively.

[0037] The results show that the weed control effect of the 0.8-meter-wide ground cloth is relatively low, especially for the weed control effect on the edge of the tree circle; the weed control effect of the 1.0-meter-wide ground cloth is good, and the control effect on most weeds is more than 90%; the weed control effect of the 1.2-meter-wide ground cloth is the best, but it is more difficult to lay and manage, and it increases the material cost. Considering the weed control effect and practicality, it is recommended that the width of the ground cloth be within the range of 0.8-1.2 meters, and it can be appropriately adjusted according to factors such as tree age and crown size.

[0038] Example 6 In order to study the effects of different covering times on the growth and yield of red pepper, based on Example 1, three different covering times of 30 days, 50 days and 75 days were set for comparative tests.

[0039] The results showed that when the covering time was 30 days, the weed control effect was poor, and some weeds were able to resume growth; when the covering time was 50 days, the weed control effect was good, and there was no obvious adverse effect on the growth of red pepper; when the covering time was 75 days, the weed control effect was the best, but some trees began to show slight growth inhibition. Therefore, considering the weed control effect and the impact on the growth of red pepper, it is recommended that the covering time be controlled at about 50 days.

[0040] Example 7 To verify the applicability of the method of the present invention in different regions, we conducted additional experiments in a red pepper garden in Wen County, Longnan City, Gansu Province. The area is 1,850 meters above sea level, with a cool climate and high precipitation. The red pepper variety planted is Longjiao No. 1, which is 12 years old.

[0041] The treatment was carried out according to the method of Example 1. The results showed that the method of the present invention also showed good weed control effect in the region, with a control effect of more than 85% on major weeds. The yield per plant after treatment increased by 11.26% compared with the control treatment 1, and the fruit quality was also improved. This shows that the method of the present invention has a wide applicability and can be promoted and applied in red pepper producing areas at different altitudes and under different climatic conditions.

[0042] Example 8 In order to study the effect of the method of the present invention on the disease and insect pest resistance of red pepper, on the basis of Example 1, a disease and insect pest investigation was conducted on the red pepper trees of treatment 1 and control treatment 1.

[0043] The results showed that the damage rate of longhorn beetles on the red pepper trees in treatment 1 was 32.5% lower than that in control treatment 1. It is speculated that this may be because the ground cloth covering inhibited the activity or reproduction of longhorn beetles in the soil. In addition, the incidence of leaf diseases on the red pepper trees in treatment 1 was also reduced by 15.8% compared with control treatment 1, which may be related to the improvement of the soil environment and the enhancement of plant resistance. This shows that in addition to the weed control effect, the method of the present invention also has a certain additional benefit of reducing the damage caused by pests and diseases.

[0044] Example 9 In order to study the long-term benefits of the method of the present invention, we conducted continuous observations on the test site in Example 1 for three years (2022-2024).

[0045] The results showed that in treatment 1 using the method of the present invention, the soil organic matter content continued to increase within three years, from 84.60 g / kg in the first year to 93.25 g / kg in the third year; the soil aggregate structure was significantly improved, and the soil microbial diversity increased; the red pepper trees grew well, and the average single plant yield was stable at more than 10 kg in three years, which was higher than the control treatment 1. This shows that the method of the present invention has long-term sustainable ecological and economic benefits.

[0046] Example 10 In order to verify the effect of the floor cloth storage method in claim 10 of the present invention on the use effect in the next year, we stored the used black floor cloth in a sun-proof place indoors and in an open-air environment outdoors, and observed the durability and reuse effect of the floor cloth after one year.

[0047] The results show that the material of the floor cloth stored in a sun-proof place indoors remains good, the shading rate remains basically unchanged, and the weed control effect is similar to that of the new floor cloth when it is used again in the second year; while the floor cloth stored in an open-air environment is seriously aged due to long-term exposure to sunlight, and the shading rate decreases significantly. The weed control effect decreases by about 25% when used in the second year. Therefore, it is recommended to store the black floor cloth in a sun-proof place indoors after the short-term covering of one year is over, so as to extend its service life and maintain a good weed control effect.

[0048] In order to comprehensively evaluate the effect of the short-term mulching weed control method for red pepper gardens of the present invention, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the data from three different test sites. Table 1 shows the statistical data of red pepper yields with different treatments at three test sites in 2022: Table 1 Basic information of the test site

[0049] Table 2 The weed control effect of different ground cloths (Hanyuan)

[0050] Table 3 Weed control effect of different ground cloths (Songpan)

[0051] Table 4 Effect of ground covering cloth on weed control (Mao County)

[0052] Note: Covered with non-degradable polyethylene material There are differences in the main weed species in different experimental pepper gardens. The weeds in the pepper garden of Experiment 2 are mainly Alopecurus, Polygonum nepalensis, Vetch, Chickweed, Poa annua, and Viola yedoensis. The weeds in the pepper garden of Experiment 1 are mainly Alopecurus, Artemisia and Vetch. The weeds in the pepper garden of Experiment 3 are mainly Goosegrass, Vetch, Chickweed, Quinoa, and Chickweed. Among them, Alopecurus, Artemisia, and Chickweed are deep-rooted perennial herbs, and Vetch, Chickweed, Poa annua, Alopecurus, and Vetch are shallow-rooted one- or two-year-old herbs. From Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4, it can be seen that the control effect of Treatment 1 and Treatment 2 on shallow-rooted weeds is more than 95%, and the control effect on deep-rooted weeds is more than 85%, indicating that only a few deep-rooted weeds germinate under the short-term coverage treatment of the two types of ground cloths. The shading rate of the two types of grass cloths is close to 90%, and it is difficult for sunlight to penetrate the ground cloth directly to the land, thereby inhibiting the growth of weeds. It can be seen that ground covering cloth is effective in inhibiting weed growth and can reduce the use of chemical herbicides.

[0053] In 2022, the yield per plant, drying rate, fruit diameter, and fresh 1000-grain weight of treatments 1 and 2 in the three sites with repeated short-term ground covering were higher than those in the control treatment 1 (Table 5). The yield-increasing effect of test site 2 was the most obvious, with the yield per plant of treatments 2 and 1 increasing by 1.21 kg and 1.07 kg, respectively, compared with CK1, and increasing by 14.47% and 12.68%, respectively. The yield-increasing effect was obvious in test site 3, with the yield per plant of treatments 2 and 1 increasing by 14.05% and 10.89% compared with CK1, respectively. The yield per plant of treatments 2 and 1 in test site 1 increased by 8.72% and 9.36% compared with CK1, respectively. It can be seen that short-term ground covering can increase yield by more than 8%, and the effect is more obvious.

[0054] Table 5 Statistics of fruiting period of pepper in 2022 with different ground coverings

[0055] Table 6 Statistics of fruiting period of pepper in 2023 with different ground coverings

[0056] In 2023, the yield per plant, drying rate, and fresh 1000-grain weight of treatments 1 and 2 in the three sites were higher than those of control treatments 1 and 2 (Table 6), and the yield per plant of control treatment 2 was lower than that of control treatment 1. Among them, the yield-increasing effect of experimental site 2 was the most obvious, with the yield per plant of treatments 1 and 2 increasing by 1.23kg and 1.11kg, respectively, compared with CK1, an increase of 14.04% and 12.67%, respectively; and an increase of 15.89% and 14.50%, respectively, compared with control 2. The second was the yield per plant of treatment 1 in experimental site 1, which increased by 1.15kg, 12.30%, compared with CK1; and an increase of 13.39% compared with control 2. The yield per plant of treatment 1 and treatment 2 in experimental site 3 increased by 1.04kg and 0.74kg respectively compared with CK1, with an increase of 12.65% and 9.00% respectively; the yield per plant of treatment 1 and treatment 2 increased by 14.04% and 10.34% respectively compared with control 2.

[0057] Table 7 Statistics of soil physical and chemical data and nutrient data of different mulching methods at each test point

[0058] The soil water content, organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium of treatment 1 and treatment 2 in test sites 1, 2, and 3 were all higher than those of the control agent treatment (Table 7). The soil water content, organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium of the treatment covered with non-degradable ground cloth were the highest. The organic matter content of treatment 1 in test site 1 was the highest, 37.48 g / kg (absolute value) higher than that of the control treatment 1. The organic matter content of treatment 1 in test site 2 was 31.11 g / kg (absolute value) higher than that of the control treatment. It can be seen that the ground cloth covering measure not only increased the soil water content, but also increased the soil organic matter content and the content of available phosphorus, available potassium and other nutrients. Among them, the soil water content, organic matter, available phosphorus and potassium and other nutrients of the treatment covered with non-degradable ground cloth were higher, so it is recommended to use non-degradable ground cloth to control weeds in pepper gardens.

[0059] Table 8 Effects of different covering methods at each test point on the main substances in dried pepper peel (2023)

[0060] The volatile oil content and amide content of treatment 1 in test sites 1 and 2 were higher than those in control treatments 1 and 2. It can be seen that the quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum covered with ground cloth is better and the intrinsic quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum can be improved.

[0061] Based on the analysis of the above test data, the short-term covering weed control method for red pepper gardens of the present invention has a significant weed control effect, can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and increase the yield and quality of red pepper. It is an economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly weed control technology for red pepper gardens and has broad application prospects.

[0062] In order to further verify the innovation and effectiveness of the method of the present invention, we designed the following comparative examples: Comparative Example 1: Long-term covering with black ground cloth. Based on Example 1, black ground cloth was covered for a long time (from early April to early September, about 150 days) to observe its effect on weed control and red pepper growth.

[0063] Comparative Example 2: Covering with transparent ground film Based on Example 1, a transparent agricultural ground film (thickness 0.15 mm, width 1 meter) was used instead of the black ground cloth, and short-term covering was performed according to the method of the present invention.

[0064] Comparative Example 3: Physical weeding method: Based on Example 1, no covering material was used, and only manual weeding was used, and weeding was done once a month.

[0065] The results showed that although Comparative Example 1 had the best weed control effect (the control efficiency for all weeds was above 95%), long-term covering led to excessive soil moisture content (19.28%), reduced soil microbial activity, and inhibited root growth of red pepper. The yield per plant in the second year was 12.5% ​​lower than that of Treatment 1, and the fruit quality also declined.

[0066] The weed control effect of Comparative Example 2 is poor, with a control effect of only 65-75% on shallow-rooted weeds and basically ineffective on deep-rooted weeds. The transparent mulch has a poor effect of blocking sunlight and cannot effectively inhibit the photosynthesis of weeds. In addition, the temperature under the transparent mulch is high, which promotes the growth of some weeds.

[0067] The weed control effect of comparative example 3 is unstable, weeds tend to grow repeatedly, frequent manual weeding is required, labor costs are high, and soil structure damage and soil erosion are easily caused. The yield and quality are similar to those of control treatment 1, but the economic benefits are lower.

[0068] Through comparative analysis, it can be seen that the short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden of the present invention has significant advantages in weed control effect, impact on the soil environment, and promotion of red pepper growth and yield, and is a red pepper garden weed control technical solution with the best comprehensive benefits.

[0069] The short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden provided by the present invention can effectively control weed growth by covering the black ground cloth for a short period of time twice a year (about 50 days each time), while avoiding the adverse effects of long-term covering and chemical weeding. The method not only has a significant weed control effect, but also can improve the soil environment, increase the yield and quality of red pepper, and has good ecological and economic benefits. In particular, in the red pepper industry in ecologically sensitive areas such as mountainous areas and hilly areas, the method provides a simple, environmentally friendly green weed control technology, which is of great significance to promoting the sustainable development of the red pepper industry.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Apply bud fertilizer in early April, and cover the red pepper tree tray with a black ground cloth with a shading rate of 90%, laying it in strips; Step 2: Uncover the ground cloth before applying fruit-swelling fertilizer in mid-to-late May. Cover the ground cloth for about 50 days and then roll it up and leave it in the field. Step 3: After applying the fruit-harvesting fertilizer in mid-to-late July, spread out the ground cloth and cover it under the tree tray; Step 4: When applying autumn fertilizer in early September, uncover the ground cloth, roll it up and take it back to the warehouse for storage. The ground cloth should be covered for about 50 days. Weed control in the red pepper garden is carried out through short-term covering twice a year.

2. The short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The black ground cloth is made of black polyethylene material or black polypropylene material.

3. The short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the black ground cloth is 0.8-1.2 meters.

4. The short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the black ground cloth is 0.15 mm.

5. The short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strip-shaped laying refers to laying the black ground cloth within a range of 0.8-1.0 cm from both sides of the tree trunk.

6. The short-term covering weed control method for a red pepper garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The germination fertilizer is a compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 20:10:

15.

7. The method for controlling weeds in a red pepper garden by short-term covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fruit-swelling fertilizer is a compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 15:15:

15.

8. The method for controlling weeds in a red pepper garden by short-term covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fruit-picking fertilizer is a compound fertilizer, and the autumn fertilizer is a compound fertilizer, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium thereof is 15:15:

15.

9. The short-time covering weed control method for a red pepper garden according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method is suitable for red pepper planting areas at an altitude of 2000-3000 meters.

10. The method for controlling weeds in a red pepper garden by short-term covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises the following steps: after the short-term covering for one year is finished, the black ground cloth is stored in a sun-proof place indoors so as to be used continuously in the next year.

Images