Water and fertilizer integrated coco coir soilless culture method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water and fertilizer integrated coco coir soilless culture, in particular to a water and fertilizer integrated coco coir soilless culture method, which comprises the following steps: step 1, weighing and classifying coco coir and a special binder; step 2, bonding the coco coir with a special binder according to a proportion; step 3, water is used as a wetting agent and a foaming agent and reacts with a special binder, so that the matrix has certain strength and softness and also has better water absorption and water permeability; 4, soaking is not needed in the using process, and the fertilizer can be directly used for crop planting; the coco coir does not need to be soaked in the using process, can be directly used for crop planting, has the advantages of root fixing, fertilizer saving, labor saving, convenient management and the like, can effectively block soil-borne disease transmission, and thoroughly solves the problems of continuous cropping obstacles and prevention and control of soil-borne diseases in traditional planting; by means of the water and fertilizer integrated automatic circulation control technology, 30-40% of water resources can be effectively saved, and 40-50% of fertilizer can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water-fertilizer integrated coconut bran soilless cultivation, in particular to a water-fertilizer integrated coconut bran soilless cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] Food and vegetables are the necessary material living materials for human survival. Traditionally, food and vegetables are grown in the soil. However, with the development of human society, the area of ​​arable land is shrinking. To ensure people's demand for food and vegetables, it is necessary to rationally use arable land and combine it with new planting methods.

[0003] Soilless cultivation is a modern seedling technology that uses peat, forest leaf mold, vermiculite and other lightweight materials as seedling substrates to fix plants, allowing plant roots to directly contact nutrient solution, and using mechanized precision sowing to grow seedlings in one go. In soilless cultivation, artificially prepared culture solutions are used to provide the mineral nutrition needs of plants;

[0004] At present, there are two extremes in the content of organic matter in regional farmland soil. On the one hand, the organic matter content of most farmland soils is declining year by year due to insufficient or no supplementation of organic fertilizers; on the other hand, the organic matter content of a small number of protected soils seriously exceeds the appropriate range due to excessive supplementation of organic fertilizers. The most obvious manifestation is that the number of plant pathogens in the soil has greatly increased, which has caused the use of chemical pesticides to increase year by year, and the pesticide residues in crop fruits have increased; second, there is a serious imbalance of plant nutrients. Due to the unreasonable fertilization and soil utilization throughout the year, some nutrients in the soil have been seriously unbalanced, and a large area of ​​farmland soil has developed "anemia" (that is, there is a significant lack of nutrients required for the growth and development of some plants in the soil) and "enrichment" (that is, the content of some plant nutrients in the soil exceeds the appropriate level), which not only affects the output of agricultural products but also causes a serious decline in the quality of agricultural products, resulting in an imbalance of nutrients in agricultural products, which will eventually endanger human health; third, the phenomenon of hardening and aging is becoming more and more serious. Due to the decline and aging of organic matter in the soil, unreasonable soil cultivation and management, and the single type of fertilization. At present, the phenomenon of soil compaction and "the more you plant, the more you want" in farmland is common, which has led to a decrease in soil productivity and an increase in fertilizer management costs year by year.

[0005] Since coconut bran has a larger porosity than soil, and this porosity is just within the range of water holding porosity (WFP) 70.00% ~ 82.00% and air permeability (AP) 2.60% ~ 8.20%, it can greatly improve the water and fertilizer retention of the host plant compared to conventional soil planting, without causing excessive waste of water and fertilizer, and without causing soil compaction or excessive water seepage to cause plant water shortage, thereby saving corresponding costs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention aims to provide a water-fertilizer integrated coconut bran soilless cultivation method, which solves the existing problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A water-fertilizer integrated coconut bran soilless cultivation method, wherein the coconut bran is prepared by the following steps:

[0009] Step 1, weighing and classifying the coconut bran and the special binder;

[0010] Step 2: Use a special adhesive to bond the coconut husks together in proportion;

[0011] Step 3: Using water as a wetting agent and a foaming agent to react with a special binder to give the matrix a certain strength and softness, while also having better water absorption and water permeability;

[0012] Step 4: No need to soak during use, it can be directly used for crop planting.

[0013] Furthermore, the water-fertilizer integrated automatic circulation control technology includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: The staff only needs to operate according to the irrigation program and nutrient solution concentration (mother solution flow rate) set by the system to achieve online automatic allocation of different fertilizer formulas;

[0015] Step 2: Based on the demand of crops for water and nutrients, a computer control system is used to automatically supply clean water and special water-soluble fertilizer to crops through drip irrigation for absorption and utilization;

[0016] Step 3: At the same time, the irrigation return liquid is automatically killed by microorganisms and instantly queried online to achieve recycling and prevent the spread of diseases;

[0017] Furthermore, the nutrient solution formulation technology suitable for coconut bran soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: The nutrient solution formula technology uses fertilizer A and fertilizer B to match the different nutrients required by hydroponic fruits and vegetables at different stages;

[0019] Step 2, wherein the fertilizer A is mainly composed of calcium ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and chelated iron in a specific ratio;

[0020] Step 3, fertilizer B is composed of potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, medical grade magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in specific proportions.

[0021] Furthermore, during the preparation process of the A fertilizer and the B fertilizer, a plurality of materials need to be weighed, and after weighing, the materials are placed into a mixing kettle, and the materials are mixed by a stirring device. The A fertilizer and the B fertilizer need to be mixed separately.

[0022] Furthermore, the special binder is mixed with coconut bran by a stirring device, and the coconut bran and the special binder can effectively block the spread of soil-borne diseases after being mixed, and completely solve the problems of traditional continuous cropping obstacles and the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases.

[0023] Furthermore, the irrigation return liquid can effectively save 30-40% of water resources and 40-50% of fertilizers; the water-fertilizer integrated automatic circulation control technology can realize fully automatic, differentiated and precise fertilization in different production stages of multiple crops, solving the efficient utilization of fertilizers and the absorption relationship of nutrient components in different growth stages.

[0024] Furthermore, the nutrient solution formula technology suitable for coconut bran soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables adopts calcium ammonium nitrate in the nutrient solution formula, which can appropriately reduce the intake of other nitrogen elements, and can provide not only nitrate nitrogen but also calcium and ammonia nitrogen, and calcium is an important element for preventing deformities. The elements in the formula cooperate with each other to provide a good growth environment for the roots of fruits and vegetables. The balanced nutrient solution can significantly reduce the poor coloring rate and deformity rate of large and medium-sized fruits, improve the taste of fruits, and increase the yield and quality of fruits and vegetables. At the same time, the AB fertilizer formula can save costs by 35%.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Coconut bran does not need to be soaked during use and can be directly used for crop planting. It has the advantages of root fixation, fertilizer saving, labor saving and easy management. It can also effectively block the spread of soil-borne diseases and completely solve the problems of traditional continuous cropping obstacles and soil-borne disease prevention and control.

[0027] 2. The integrated automatic circulation control technology of water and fertilizer can effectively save 30-40% of water resources and 40-50% of fertilizers; it can realize fully automatic, differentiated and precise fertilization of multiple crops at different production stages, solving the efficient utilization of fertilizers and the absorption relationship of nutrient components at different growth stages;

[0028] 3. Nutrient solution formula technology suitable for coconut bran soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables. The nutrient solution formula uses calcium ammonium nitrate, which can appropriately reduce the intake of other nitrogen elements. It can not only provide nitrate nitrogen but also calcium and ammonia nitrogen. Calcium is an important element to prevent deformities. The elements in the formula cooperate with each other to provide a good growth environment for the roots of fruits and vegetables. The balanced nutrient solution can significantly reduce the poor coloring and deformity rates of large and medium-sized fruits, improve the taste of the fruit, and increase the yield and quality of fruits and vegetables. At the same time, the AB fertilizer formula can save 35% of the cost. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] A method for soilless cultivation of coconut bran with integrated water and fertilizer, wherein the coconut bran is prepared by the following steps:

[0032] Step 1, weighing and classifying the coconut bran and the special binder;

[0033] Step 2: Use a special adhesive to bond the coconut husks together in proportion;

[0034] Step 3: Using water as a wetting agent and a foaming agent to react with a special binder to give the matrix a certain strength and softness, while also having better water absorption and water permeability;

[0035] Step 4: No need to soak during use, it can be directly used for crop planting.

[0036] In this embodiment,

[0037] The water-fertilizer integrated automatic circulation control technology includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: The staff only needs to operate according to the irrigation program and nutrient solution concentration (mother solution flow rate) set by the system to achieve online automatic allocation of different fertilizer formulas;

[0039] Step 2: Based on the demand of crops for water and nutrients, a computer control system is used to automatically supply clean water and special water-soluble fertilizer to crops through drip irrigation for absorption and utilization;

[0040] Step 3: At the same time, the irrigation return liquid is automatically killed by microorganisms and instantly queried online to achieve recycling and prevent the spread of diseases;

[0041] In this embodiment,

[0042] The nutrient solution formulation technology suitable for coconut bran soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: The nutrient solution formula technology uses fertilizer A and fertilizer B to match the different nutrients required by hydroponic fruits and vegetables at different stages;

[0044] Step 2, wherein the fertilizer A is mainly composed of calcium ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and chelated iron in a specific ratio;

[0045] Step 3, fertilizer B is composed of potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, medical grade magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in specific proportions.

[0046] In this embodiment,

[0047] During the preparation process of Fertilizer A and Fertilizer B, multiple materials need to be weighed, and after weighing, the materials are put into the mixing kettle and mixed by a stirring device. Fertilizer A and Fertilizer B need to be mixed separately.

[0048] In this embodiment,

[0049] The special binder is mixed with coconut bran through a stirring device. After the mixture of coconut bran and special binder, it can effectively block the spread of soil-borne diseases and completely solve the problems of traditional continuous cropping obstacles and the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases.

[0050] In this embodiment,

[0051] Irrigation return liquid can effectively save 30-40% of water resources and 40-50% of fertilizers; the integrated water-fertilizer automatic circulation control technology can realize fully automatic, differentiated and precise fertilization of multiple crops in different production stages, solving the efficient use of fertilizers and the absorption relationship of nutrient components in different growth stages.

[0052] In this embodiment,

[0053] The nutrient solution formula technology suitable for coconut bran soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables uses calcium ammonium nitrate in its nutrient solution formula, which can appropriately reduce the intake of other nitrogen elements. It can not only provide nitrate nitrogen but also calcium and ammonia nitrogen. Calcium is an important element to prevent deformities. The elements in the formula work together to provide a good growth environment for the roots of fruits and vegetables. The balanced nutrient solution can significantly reduce the poor coloring and deformity rates of large and medium-sized fruits, improve the taste of the fruit, and increase the yield and quality of fruits and vegetables. At the same time, the AB fertilizer formula can save 35% of costs.

[0054] The implementation principle of one embodiment of the present application is as follows: 1. Coconut bran does not need to be soaked during use and can be directly used for crop planting, which has the advantages of root fixation, fertilizer saving, labor saving and easy management, and can effectively block the spread of soil-borne diseases, and completely solve the problems of traditional continuous cropping obstacles and soil-borne disease prevention and control;

[0055] 2. The integrated automatic circulation control technology of water and fertilizer can effectively save 30-40% of water resources and 40-50% of fertilizers; it can realize fully automatic, differentiated and precise fertilization of multiple crops at different production stages, solving the efficient utilization of fertilizers and the absorption relationship of nutrient components at different growth stages;

[0056] 3. Nutrient solution formula technology suitable for coconut bran soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables. The nutrient solution formula uses calcium ammonium nitrate, which can appropriately reduce the intake of other nitrogen elements. It can not only provide nitrate nitrogen but also calcium and ammonia nitrogen. Calcium is an important element to prevent deformities. The elements in the formula cooperate with each other to provide a good growth environment for the roots of fruits and vegetables. The balanced nutrient solution can significantly reduce the poor coloring and deformity rates of large and medium-sized fruits, improve the taste of the fruit, and increase the yield and quality of fruits and vegetables. At the same time, the AB fertilizer formula can save 35% of the cost.

[0057] Preparation method: The coconut bran is prepared by the following steps:

[0058] Step 1, weighing and classifying the coconut bran and the special binder;

[0059] Step 2: Use a special adhesive to bond the coconut husks together in proportion;

[0060] Step 3: Using water as a wetting agent and a foaming agent to react with a special binder to give the matrix a certain strength and softness, while also having better water absorption and water permeability;

[0061] Step 4: No need to soak during use, it can be directly used for crop planting.

[0062] The water-fertilizer integrated automatic circulation control technology comprises the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: The staff only needs to operate according to the irrigation program and nutrient solution concentration (mother solution flow rate) set by the system to achieve online automatic allocation of different fertilizer formulas;

[0064] Step 2: Based on the demand of crops for water and nutrients, a computer control system is used to automatically supply clean water and special water-soluble fertilizer to crops through drip irrigation for absorption and utilization;

[0065] Step 3: At the same time, the irrigation return liquid is automatically killed by microorganisms and instantly queried online to achieve recycling and prevent the spread of diseases;

[0066] The nutrient solution formula technology suitable for coconut bran soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: The nutrient solution formula technology uses fertilizer A and fertilizer B to match the different nutrients required by hydroponic fruits and vegetables at different stages;

[0068] Step 2, wherein the fertilizer A is mainly composed of calcium ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and chelated iron in a specific ratio;

[0069] Step 3, fertilizer B is composed of potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, medical grade magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in specific proportions.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0071] The above is a detailed introduction to the water-fertilizer integrated coconut bran soilless cultivation method provided by the present invention. Specific embodiments are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified in a number of ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-fertilizer integrated coconut bran soilless cultivation method, characterized in that: The coconut bran is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: Step 1, weighing and classifying the coconut bran and the special binder; Step 2: Use a special adhesive to bond the coconut husks together in proportion; Step 3: Using water as a wetting agent and foaming agent to react with a special binder to give the matrix a certain strength and softness, while also having better water absorption and water permeability; Step 4: No need to soak during use, it can be directly used for crop planting.

2. A water-fertilizer integrated coconut bran soilless cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-fertilizer integrated automatic circulation control technology comprises the following steps: Step 1: The staff only needs to operate according to the irrigation program and nutrient solution concentration (mother solution flow rate) set by the system to achieve online automatic allocation of different fertilizer formulas; Step 2: Based on the demand of crops for water and nutrients, a computer control system is used to automatically supply clean water and special water-soluble fertilizer to crops through drip irrigation for absorption and utilization; Step 3: At the same time, the irrigation return liquid is automatically killed by microorganisms and instantly queried online to achieve recycling and prevent the spread of diseases.

3. A water-fertilizer integrated coconut bran soilless cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution formula technology suitable for coconut bran soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps: Step 1: The nutrient solution formula technology uses fertilizer A and fertilizer B to match the different nutrients required by hydroponic fruits and vegetables at different stages; Step 2, wherein the fertilizer A is mainly composed of calcium ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and chelated iron in a specific ratio; Step 3, fertilizer B is composed of potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, medical grade magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in specific proportions.

4. A water-fertilizer integrated coconut bran soilless cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the preparation of the A fertilizer and the B fertilizer, a plurality of materials need to be weighed, and after weighing, the materials are placed into a mixing kettle, and the materials are mixed by a stirring device. The A fertilizer and the B fertilizer need to be mixed separately.

5. The method for soilless cultivation of coconut bran with integrated water and fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special binder is mixed with coconut bran by a stirring device. After the coconut bran and the special binder are mixed, the spread of soil-borne diseases can be effectively blocked, and the traditional continuous cropping obstacles and the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases are completely solved.

6. The method for soilless cultivation of coconut bran with integrated water and fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation return liquid can effectively save 30-40% of water resources and 40-50% of fertilizers; the water-fertilizer integrated automatic circulation control technology can realize full-automatic, differentiated and precise fertilization of multiple crops at different production stages, solving the efficient utilization of fertilizers and the absorption relationship of nutrient components at different growth stages.

7. The method for soilless cultivation of coconut bran with integrated water and fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution formula technology suitable for coconut bran soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables adopts calcium ammonium nitrate in the nutrient solution formula, which can appropriately reduce the intake of other nitrogen elements, and can provide not only nitrate nitrogen but also calcium and ammonia nitrogen, and calcium is an important element for preventing deformities. The elements in the formula cooperate with each other to provide a good growth environment for the roots of fruits and vegetables. The balanced nutrient solution can significantly reduce the poor coloring rate and deformity rate of large and medium-sized fruits, improve the taste of fruits, and increase the yield and quality of fruits and vegetables. At the same time, the AB fertilizer formula can save costs by 35%.