Photothermal interface evaporation device and working method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of seawater desalination technology, and in particular to a photothermal interface evaporation device and its working method. The evaporation device includes a float plate and an evaporation unit; a slot is provided on the float plate, and the slot passes through the float plate; the evaporation unit includes a bracket and a non-woven fabric, the bottom of the bracket has an evaporation groove, the side wall of the evaporation groove is provided with a water transmission channel, the bracket is inserted into the slot and the water transmission channel is located on the lower side of the float plate; the non-woven fabric includes a core and an extension, the core is located on the protrusion, the extension is bent upward and then naturally hangs down to the outside after bypassing the bracket, and the root of the extension is provided with an opening. The present invention replaces traditional nanoporous materials with industrial-grade non-woven fabrics, combines a mixed water supply mechanism driven by atmospheric pressure and capillary force, and reduces the cost of the device. At the same time, the present invention can control salt crystallization in the tail area of ​​the non-woven fabric, avoid the problem of light-absorbing interface crystallization, and form a natural convection path, so as to maintain an efficient evaporation rate under windless conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, and in particular to a photothermal interface evaporation device and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industrialization and population growth, global water consumption continues to increase, and freshwater shortages are becoming increasingly severe, becoming a global challenge. Although seawater covers approximately 71% of the Earth's surface, directly accessible freshwater resources are extremely limited. Against this backdrop, desalination using solar energy, a clean, renewable energy source, has become a highly sought-after solution. Traditional solar desalination technologies primarily include membrane and thermal methods. However, both technologies have significant limitations. Membrane methods are expensive, their membrane materials are fragile, and they require extensive seawater pretreatment. Thermal methods, on the other hand, suffer from significant heat loss and high equipment costs, and the discharge of high-salinity wastewater can pollute the environment. In contrast, photothermal interfacial evaporation (PTEE) is an emerging solar desalination method. This technology uses photothermal materials to efficiently convert solar energy into thermal energy, precisely targeting the heat at the gas-liquid interface to heat the water at the interface and generate freshwater. Due to its high efficiency, lack of secondary pollution, and high purity of the resulting freshwater, PTEE is considered a promising solar desalination technology.

[0003] The key to achieving high evaporation rates with photothermal interface evaporation technology is to ensure sufficient water supply during the evaporation process. However, excessive water supply will weaken the thermal limitations of the evaporation interface, thereby reducing the evaporation performance of the gas-liquid interface. Therefore, how to achieve an effective balance between water supply and heat loss has become a core challenge in improving evaporation performance. In addition, during the long-term operation of the evaporator, salt will gradually accumulate at the gas-liquid interface. This salt accumulation phenomenon not only reduces the light absorption capacity of the evaporation interface, but may also hinder the water transport process inside the evaporator, ultimately leading to a significant decrease in the evaporation rate. Therefore, solving the problem of salt accumulation at the gas-liquid interface is crucial to improving the long-term stability of the evaporator.

[0004] The existing technology solves the problem of salt crystallization at the light-absorbing interface by spraying a hydrophobic material on the evaporation interface. However, this method causes salt to crystallize and accumulate in the pores inside the evaporator, resulting in insufficient water supply, increased heat transfer resistance, and ultimately a decrease in the evaporation rate. In addition, the existing technology uses the capillary force between the pores of the porous medium to supply water to the evaporation interface. However, the pores of these porous media require a complex synthesis process to ensure the connectivity of the pores and the rationality of the size, so as to minimize heat loss while providing sufficient water supply. Moreover, the existing technology relies on expensive materials and complex synthesis processes, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of industrial production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a photothermal interface evaporation device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] A photothermal interface evaporation device comprises: a floating plate and an evaporation unit; a slot is provided on the floating plate, and the slot passes through the floating plate; the evaporation unit comprises a bracket and a non-woven fabric, the bottom of the bracket has an evaporation groove, the side wall of the evaporation groove is provided with a water transmission channel, the bracket is inserted into the slot and the water transmission channel is located on the lower side of the floating plate, and a protrusion is provided in the evaporation groove; the non-woven fabric comprises a core and an extension part, the core is located on the protrusion, the extension part bends upward to bypass the bracket and then naturally hangs down to the outside, and an opening is provided at the root of the extension part.

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a working method of the photothermal interface evaporation device as described above, including: seawater enters the evaporation groove through a water transmission channel, and the non-woven fabric absorbs moisture and diffuses it; under the irradiation of solar energy, the moisture on the non-woven fabric is heated and evaporated, and the salt preferentially crystallizes at the tail end of the extended portion of the non-woven fabric, and the temperature in the evaporation groove rises, forming air convection driven by density difference, and cold air enters through the air inlet at the top, and hot air is discharged through the air outlet at the bottom; the evaporated water vapor condenses and is collected after contacting the collection cover at the top.

[0009] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0010] 1. The evaporation device includes a floating plate and an evaporation unit. The floating plate is provided with a through slot for installing the evaporation unit. The evaporation unit includes a bracket and a non-woven fabric. The evaporation groove at the bottom of the bracket is the core area of ​​evaporation. The side wall is provided with a water transmission channel for transporting water in the water body into the evaporation groove. The bracket is inserted into the slot of the floating plate to ensure that the water transmission channel is located on the lower side of the floating plate so as to contact the water body. The protrusion in the evaporation groove is used to support the core of the non-woven fabric to prevent the non-woven fabric from clogging the water transmission channel and reduce the direct contact area between the non-woven fabric and the water. The core of the non-woven fabric is located on the protrusion, and the extension bends upward to bypass the bracket and then naturally hangs down to the outside, which can control the crystallization of salt in the tail area of ​​the non-woven fabric and avoid the problem of crystallization at the light-absorbing interface. The opening at the root of the extension is designed to form an air convection channel to improve evaporation efficiency.

[0011] 2. Simplified water supply mechanism: By utilizing atmospheric pressure to ensure sufficient water supply required for the evaporation process, there is no need to use complex processes to prepare hydrophilic porous materials, which greatly reduces the complexity of manufacturing and materials, and improves device performance and large-scale production characteristics.

[0012] 3. Natural convection enhanced evaporation: The device uses a hollow structure and side openings to form a steam channel and natural convection driven by density difference (steam temperature is higher and density is lower, top air is cooler and density is higher), thereby maintaining a high evaporation rate in windless conditions or without forced convection equipment.

[0013] 4. Easy Adjustment of Water Supply and Heat Loss Balance: The water supply and heat loss during the evaporation process can be easily balanced by adjusting the aperture of the water transmission channel or extending the channel length. This adjustment is achieved simply by using 3D printing technology to create water transmission channels of different apertures or lengths.

[0014] 5. Simultaneous Collection of Freshwater and Salt: The device collects freshwater while effectively recovering salt. Salt crystallizes at the end of the non-woven fabric, effectively avoiding salt crystallization at the light-absorbing interface. Furthermore, the crystallized salt naturally falls off under the action of gravity, facilitating subsequent collection of the salt particles.

[0015] 6. Flexible evaporation scale adjustment: The evaporation scale can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. Simply by increasing or decreasing the number of unit evaporators, the device can be expanded or reduced to adapt to various application scenarios.

[0016] 7. Simple manufacturing process and low cost: The device does not require expensive materials to manufacture. It only needs to print the bracket through 3D printing technology and combine it with cheap and readily available non-woven fabrics and foam materials to complete the assembly, significantly reducing production costs.

[0017] Additional advantages of the present invention will be given in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some of the embodiments described in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort. In addition, the spacing or size between components is exaggerated to show the position of each component, and the schematic diagrams are for illustrative purposes only.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a bracket provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom of a bracket provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an evaporation unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4is a schematic diagram of an evaporation unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention being installed on a floating plate;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a floating plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an evaporation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the temperature change of the evaporation interface and the surrounding water under 1sun illumination provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 is a graph showing evaporation rate changes at different brine concentrations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a curve diagram of energy utilization efficiency changes under different brine concentrations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is an infrared imaging diagram of the evaporator temperature distribution within 60 minutes provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a photo of salt crystal distribution under different brine concentrations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1, bracket; 2, evaporation groove; 3, water transmission channel; 4, protrusion; 5, non-woven fabric; 6, air inlet; 7, air outlet; 8, floating plate; 9, collection tank; 10, slot; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to further illustrate the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment proposes a photothermal interface evaporation device, including: a floating plate 8 and an evaporation unit; Figure 5 As shown, the floating plate 8 is provided with a slot 10, and the slot 10 passes through the floating plate 8; Figure 3 As shown, the evaporation unit includes a bracket 1 and a non-woven fabric 5. Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the bottom of the bracket 1 has an evaporation groove 2, the side wall of the evaporation groove 2 is provided with a water transmission channel 3, the bracket 1 is inserted into the slot 10 and the water transmission channel 3 is located on the lower side of the float 8, and a protrusion 4 is provided in the evaporation groove 2; the non-woven fabric 5 includes a core and an extension part, the core part is located on the protrusion 4, the extension part bends upward and bypasses the bracket 1 and then naturally hangs down to the outside, and an opening is provided at the root of the extension part.

[0034] The floating plate 8 is provided with a slot 10 that runs through the entire floating plate 8, allowing the evaporation unit to be inserted therein. The evaporation unit comprises a bracket 1 and a non-woven fabric 5. The bracket 1 has an evaporation groove 2 at its bottom, and a water transmission channel 3 is provided on the sidewall of the evaporation groove 2. The bracket 1 is installed in the slot 10 of the floating plate 8 by plugging, and the water transmission channel 3 extends below the floating plate 8. A protrusion 4 is provided in the evaporation groove 2, and the non-woven fabric 5 includes a core portion and an extension portion. The core portion is directly mounted on the protrusion 4 to prevent the non-woven fabric 5 from blocking the water transmission channel 3. The extension portion bends upward, passes around the bracket 1, and then naturally hangs down. The base of the extension portion has an opening.

[0035] The evaporation groove 2 is connected to the surrounding water body through the water transmission channel 3. The water transmission channel 3 introduces water from under the float plate 8 into the evaporation groove 2, so that the water can be efficiently supplied to the evaporation surface. The protrusion 4 structure reduces the contact area between the non-woven fabric 5 and the bottom surface of the evaporation groove 2, which helps to improve the evaporation efficiency. The design of the extended part of the non-woven fabric 5 guides the water transport through capillary action and further expands the evaporation area. A 10×10mm square opening is opened on the four sides of the non-woven fabric 5 near the bottom to form an air outlet 7. During the absorption of solar energy, the temperature in the evaporation groove 2 increases, forming air convection driven by density difference. Cold air enters through the inlet, and hot air is discharged through the outlet, thereby optimizing the evaporation efficiency of the device.

[0036] The bracket 1 is made by 3D printing technology, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base plate, prisms and crossbeams. The evaporation groove 2 is arranged on the base plate. There are multiple prisms, and multiple prisms are arranged on the base plate. There are gaps between the prisms. The crossbeam is arranged between the prisms and is located at the upper end. The extended part of the non-woven fabric 5 is bent upward and overlapped on the crossbeam, and then naturally hangs down to the outside.

[0037] The structure of the bracket 1 provides stable support for the non-woven fabric 5. At the same time, through the setting of the crossbeam, the extension of the non-woven fabric 5 can be reasonably distributed, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the device and the fixing effect of the non-woven fabric 5, ensuring the stability of the position and shape of the non-woven fabric 5 during the evaporation process, which is conducive to improving the evaporation efficiency and the operating stability of the device.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the lower side of the water transfer channel 3 is tangent to the bottom surface of the evaporation groove 2, and the upper side of the water transfer channel 3 is tangent to the top surface of the protrusion 4. This ensures a tight fit between the water transfer channel 3, the evaporation groove 2, and the protrusion 4. This optimizes the water transfer path, allowing water to smoothly pass through the water transfer channel 3 into the evaporation groove 2 and be evenly distributed on the non-woven fabric 5. The protrusions 4 are cylindrical and arranged in a 6×6 matrix within the evaporation groove 2. This arrangement rationally distributes the support points of the non-woven fabric 5, further reducing the direct contact area between the non-woven fabric 5 and water, and improving evaporation efficiency.

[0039] The evaporation groove 2 has a side length of 2×2 cm and a depth of 4 mm. The water transfer channel 3 is a cylindrical channel with an inner diameter of 1 mm. The protrusion 4 has a diameter of 2 mm and a height of 1 mm. These dimensions ensure a balance between water transfer and heat loss during evaporation. The smaller aperture of the water transfer channel 3 reduces heat loss to the water body while ensuring sufficient water supply. The depth of the evaporation groove 2 and the height of the protrusion 4 provide appropriate support and space for the non-woven fabric 5, allowing the non-woven fabric 5 to maintain a good condition during the evaporation process, thereby achieving efficient evaporation performance.

[0040] The non-woven fabric 5 is loaded with photothermal material. Preparation of the non-woven fabric 5 loaded with photothermal material: First, the non-woven fabric 5 is cut into a predetermined shape and size. Then, 335 ml of pyrrole and 1.14 g of ammonium persulfate are dissolved in 50 ml of deionized water respectively to form solution A and solution B. The cut non-woven fabric 5 is immersed in solution A, and then solution B is slowly added to solution A. The mixed solution is allowed to stand at 4°C for 12 hours to ensure that the polypyrrole can be well loaded onto the non-woven fabric 5. Afterwards, the treated non-woven fabric 5 is placed in an electric blast drying oven and dried at 45°C for 2 hours to finally obtain a black non-woven fabric material.

[0041] The inner ends of the extensions are connected to the core. These extensions are radial, and their number matches the number of crossbars. This structural design allows the non-woven fabric 5 to better absorb solar energy and convert it into heat for the evaporation process. The radial extensions expand the light-receiving area of ​​the non-woven fabric 5, improving the efficiency of photothermal conversion and controlling the salt crystallization region. Furthermore, the radial extensions, matched with the number of crossbars, ensure the stable fixation of the non-woven fabric 5 on the bracket 1, further optimizing the performance of the evaporation device.

[0042] In this example, the nonwoven fabric 5 is a cross structure, with a central portion being a square core of 2 x 2 cm, and extending in four directions to form rectangles of 12 x 2 cm. Of course, it is understood that the nonwoven fabric 5 can also be provided in other shapes, such as a core of a triangle, a pentagon, etc.

[0043] The evaporation device also includes a collection cover, and a collection tank 9 is also provided on the floating plate 8. The collection tank 9 is located at the edge of the floating plate 8, and the bottom of the collection cover is installed in the collection tank 9, so that the water vapor generated by evaporation can condense in the collection cover, and the condensed water droplets are collected in the collection tank 9, thereby achieving effective collection of fresh water. There are multiple evaporation grooves 2, and the multiple evaporation grooves 2 are all located inside the collection tank 9. The evaporation unit (such as Figure 4 By providing multiple evaporation grooves 2 and corresponding evaporation units, the scale of evaporation can be expanded and freshwater production increased. The slots 10 are slightly smaller than the sides of the evaporation units, securing the evaporation units within them and ensuring that the water transfer channels 3 are positioned below the float plates 8. Adjusting the relative position between the float plates 8 and the evaporation units allows the moisture content of the nonwoven fabric 5 in the evaporation grooves 2 to be adjusted.

[0044] The top of the collection hood has an inclined surface for guiding water. This inclined surface design can effectively guide the condensed water droplets to flow to the collection tank 9, ensuring that fresh water can be collected smoothly, avoiding the accumulation or scattering of water droplets in the collection hood, improving the efficiency and reliability of fresh water collection, and further optimizing the function and performance of the device.

[0045] The collection cover is a glass cover with excellent light transmittance and weather resistance, ensuring effective solar energy transmission while protecting the internal structure from external environmental influences. The float plate 8 is a foam board or other buoyant material with good buoyancy and stability, ensuring that the evaporation device floats stably in the water and providing stable support for the evaporation process.

[0046] This device optimizes the design of the non-woven fabric 5 and improves the evaporation rate. Under the same projected area, by extending the non-woven fabric 5 in all directions and hanging it on the bracket 1, it not only significantly improves the evaporation rate per unit projected area, but also can control the salt crystallization in the tail end area of ​​the non-woven fabric 5, avoiding the problem of crystallization at the light-absorbing interface.

[0047] The device forms a natural convection path to promote evaporation. The opening near the bottom of the non-woven fabric 5 forms a good natural convection path, allowing the wet air to quickly leave the evaporation area, thereby increasing the evaporation rate.

[0048] The device has a stable water supply mechanism, which connects the surrounding water bodies with the evaporation area through pores with a diameter of 1 mm, and uses atmospheric pressure to provide continuous and stable water supply, ensuring that the non-woven fabric 5 in the evaporation groove 2 is always at an appropriate moisture content, ensuring the efficiency and stability of the evaporation process.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for operating the photothermal interface evaporation device as described in Embodiment 1, including:

[0051] Water transport and evaporation:

[0052] Water transfer: Water enters the evaporation groove 2 through the water transfer channel 3. After the non-woven fabric 5 absorbs the water, the water diffuses through the non-woven fabric 5 through capillary action. Because the non-woven fabric 5 is loaded with photothermal material, it can absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy, thereby heating the water on the non-woven fabric 5.

[0053] Evaporation Process: Under solar radiation, the moisture on the nonwoven fabric 5 is heated and evaporates. The temperature inside the evaporation groove 2 rises, creating air convection driven by density differences. Cool air enters through the air inlet 6, while hot air is exhausted through the air outlet 7, thus optimizing the evaporation efficiency of the device.

[0054] Condensation and collection of water vapor:

[0055] Condensation process: The evaporated water vapor condenses after contacting the glass cover at the top, and the condensed water droplets gather in the condensed water collection tank 9.

[0056] Collection process: The condensed water is collected and stored in the collection tank 9, completing the fresh water acquisition process.

[0057] Control of salt crystallization:

[0058] Control of salt crystallization location: Salt preferentially crystallizes at the end of the non-woven fabric 5, significantly reducing salt crystallization in the evaporation groove 2. This design effectively prevents the impact of salt accumulation on the light absorption properties of the evaporation interface and the water transfer process, thereby improving the long-term operational stability of the evaporator.

[0059] refer to Figure 7 Under 1 sun of illumination, the temperature changes at the evaporation interface and in the surrounding water were recorded. The experiment showed that the surrounding water temperature only rose from 20°C to 23°C. This demonstrates that the design, using 1mm aperture channels to supply water to the evaporation area, effectively reduces heat loss to the water.

[0060] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The experimental results show that the evaporation rate decreases slightly with the increase of brine concentration, but always remains at 4 kg m -2 h -1 The evaporator designed in this invention exhibits an extremely high evaporation rate of over 200%. This result not only demonstrates the evaporator's stable performance in high-salinity environments, but also further verifies its potential for application in efficient seawater desalination.

[0061] refer to Figure 10An infrared camera recorded the temperature changes of the nonwoven fabric surrounding the evaporator and the light-absorbing surface at the bottom over a 60-minute period. The results showed that the temperature of the nonwoven fabric remained consistently lower than the ambient temperature. This demonstrates that the evaporator not only effectively utilizes solar energy but also absorbs additional energy from the environment. This characteristic explains the evaporator's energy conversion efficiency exceeding 100%, further validating its superior performance in energy utilization and evaporation efficiency.

[0062] refer to Figure 11 Photographs of salt crystal distribution were taken on the perimeter, top, and bottom surfaces of the evaporator after three hours of illumination at 15% and 10% brine concentrations. The results demonstrate that this design achieves targeted salt crystallization, with salt preferentially crystallizing at the end of the nonwoven fabric, significantly reducing salt crystallization within the evaporation grooves. This design effectively prevents salt accumulation from affecting the light absorption properties of the evaporation interface and the water transport process, thereby improving the long-term operational stability of the evaporator.

[0063] In summary, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by crystallizing salt in a specific area, so that the salt crystallizes at the tail end of the non-woven fabric and falls off naturally under the action of gravity, thereby achieving efficient collection of salt. The present invention connects the evaporation area with the surrounding water body through a pore with a diameter of 1 mm, and uses atmospheric pressure to provide a stable water supply to the evaporation area to ensure the water content of the non-woven fabric in the evaporation groove. At the same time, the pore size can be adjusted according to actual conditions to balance the water supply and heat loss. All components of the present invention are made of cheap and readily available materials, and the assembly process is simple, with significant potential for industrial application. Finally, the present invention forms a good air circulation path driven by temperature difference through a clever opening design. This design can promptly remove the wet steam generated in the evaporation area, thereby further enhancing the evaporation process. This design not only improves the evaporation efficiency, but also optimizes the overall performance of the system.

[0064] Although the above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photothermal interface evaporation device, characterized in that: include: floating plate and evaporation unit; The floating plate is provided with a slot, and the slot passes through the floating plate; The evaporation unit includes a bracket and a non-woven fabric. The bottom of the bracket has an evaporation groove. The side wall of the evaporation groove is provided with a water transmission channel. The bracket is inserted into the slot and the water transmission channel is located on the lower side of the floating plate. The evaporation groove is provided with a protrusion. The non-woven fabric includes a core portion and an extension portion, wherein the core portion is located on the protrusion, the extension portion is bent upward and then naturally hangs down to the outside after passing the bracket, and an opening is provided at the root of the extension portion; The support includes a crossbeam; The non-woven fabric is loaded with photothermal material, the inner end of the extension part is connected to the core part, the extension part is radial, and the number of the extension parts is the same as the number of the beams.

2. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket also includes a base plate and prisms, the evaporation groove is arranged on the base plate, there are multiple prisms, and multiple prisms are arranged on the base plate. There is a gap between each prism, and the crossbeam is arranged between the prisms and located at the upper end. The extension part of the non-woven fabric is bent upward and overlapped on the crossbeam, and then naturally hangs down to the outside.

3. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, wherein: The lower side of the water transmission channel is tangent to the bottom surface of the evaporation groove, and the upper side of the water transmission channel is tangent to the top surface of the protrusion. There are multiple protrusions, and the multiple protrusions are arranged in a matrix in the evaporation groove.

4. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The evaporation groove is 4 mm deep, the water transmission channel is a cylindrical channel with an inner diameter of 1 mm, and the protrusion is 1 mm high.

5. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, wherein: The non-woven fabric has a cross structure, the core portion is square, and the extension portion is rectangular.

6. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation device also includes a collecting cover, and a collecting trough is further provided on the floating plate. The collecting trough is located at the edge of the floating plate, and the bottom of the collecting cover is installed in the collecting trough. There are multiple evaporation grooves, and the multiple evaporation grooves are all located on the inner side of the collecting trough. The evaporation unit is installed in each evaporation groove.

7. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the collecting cover is provided with an inclined surface for guiding moisture.

8. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collecting cover is a glass cover, and the floating plate is a foam plate.

9. A method for operating the photothermal interface evaporation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Seawater enters the evaporation groove through the water transmission channel, and the non-woven fabric absorbs the water and diffuses it; Under the irradiation of solar energy, the moisture on the non-woven fabric is heated and evaporated, and the salt is preferentially crystallized at the tail end of the non-woven fabric extension. The temperature in the evaporation groove rises, forming air convection driven by density difference. Cold air enters through the air inlet at the top, and hot air is discharged through the air outlet at the bottom. The evaporated water vapor condenses and is collected after contacting the collection hood on the top.

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