Gamma Stirling cycle cold and hot flow direction switching type efficient heat management system regulated and controlled by three-way valve

Abstract

The invention discloses a gamma Stirling cycle cold and hot flow direction switching type efficient heat management system regulated and controlled by a three-way valve, and belongs to the technical field of heat management. The gamma Stirling cycle cold and hot flow direction switching type efficient heat management system comprises a heat dissipation subsystem, a two-way Stirling cryocooler, an array temperature controller and an external motor; one end of the bidirectional Stirling cryocooler is connected with a turntable controlled by an external motor through a connecting rod; the external motor is used for acting on the bidirectional Stirling cryocooler; a first output end and a second output end are arranged at the other end of the bidirectional Stirling cryocooler; the first output end is connected with a thermal management object, and the bidirectional Stirling cryocooler is used for providing cold or heat for the thermal management object; the second output end is connected with the heat dissipation subsystem; the heat dissipation subsystem is used for dissipating heat to the outside of the system; and the plurality of groups of temperature controllers are electrically connected with an external motor and the bidirectional Stirling cryocooler and are used for adjusting the refrigerating or heating intensity of the bidirectional Stirling cryocooler. The controllable three-way valve is combined with the Stirling cycle technology, the refrigerating and heating functions can be achieved at the same time, and flexible switching can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of thermal management technology, and more specifically relates to a three-way valve-controlled gamma-Stirling cycle hot and cold flow direction switching high-efficiency thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] In the process of rapid development of science and technology today, temperature control plays a pivotal role in the application of many fields. Some of these applications, such as new energy vehicles, large-scale energy storage power stations, and portable electronic devices, have extremely high requirements for temperature control. Among them, batteries are key components, and safe use and life span are closely related to temperature control. On the one hand, in daily operation, batteries often need to deal with heating conditions, such as high-speed driving of new energy vehicles, high-load power supply of large-scale energy storage power stations, or continuous high-intensity work of portable electronic devices. When the battery outputs high current, it will generate a lot of heat. In addition, the additional "heating" of the external high-temperature environment, if the heat cannot be dissipated in time and effectively, it will not only accelerate the chemical reaction inside the battery, which greatly reduces the battery life, but also may cause thermal runaway, posing a serious safety threat to the equipment and users; on the other hand, in special environments, batteries are very likely to encounter the dilemma of overcooling, such as snowy days in cold areas and low-temperature environments in high-altitude mountainous areas. Too low temperature will cause the electrochemical reaction activity inside the battery to drop sharply, resulting in serious obstruction of battery charging and discharging performance, and the equipment cannot operate normally.

[0003] In view of the frequent heating and overcooling problems in these application scenarios, it is urgent to develop a low-cost thermal management technology that can flexibly realize heating and cooling functions. In this context, Stirling cycle technology has gradually come into people's view. Stirling cycle also includes many types, the most common ones are Alpha, Beta and Gamma. The Gamma Stirling cycle combines some of the advantages of the first two. It uses a main cylinder and an auxiliary cylinder to achieve more efficient heat exchange during the gas circulation process, which is particularly suitable for complex and changing thermal management needs. As the reverse operation mode of the Stirling cycle, the reverse Stirling cycle can absorb heat from a low-temperature environment and release heat to a high-temperature environment by changing the compression and expansion sequence of the gas and the direction of heat flow, that is, the refrigeration function. However, to achieve the ability to operate in both high and low temperature environments, either the battery needs to be physically moved to the other end of the engine or it needs to rely on a thermal switch for operation. Both methods involve complex moving parts, which not only increase the complexity of the system, but also may lead to reduced reliability and increased maintenance difficulty, thus becoming a costly and uneconomical solution. Therefore, existing gamma reverse Stirling refrigeration engine designs are limited to a single heating or cooling operation of the battery, and cannot flexibly switch between the two modes. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a gamma Stirling cycle hot and cold flow direction switching high-efficiency thermal management system regulated by a three-way valve, introduces the Stirling cycle technology into the field of battery thermal management, and accurately controls the heat flow direction of the Stirling cycle through a controllable three-way reversing valve. In this thermal management device, the three-way valve plays a key role and determines the operating direction of the Stirling cycle, thereby realizing the cooling or heating function.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A three-way valve-regulated gamma Stirling cycle hot and cold flow switching high-efficiency thermal management system comprises a heat dissipation subsystem, a two-way Stirling refrigerator, an array temperature controller and an external motor; one end of the two-way Stirling refrigerator is connected to a turntable controlled by an external motor through a connecting rod; the external motor is used to do work for the two-way Stirling refrigerator; the other end of the two-way Stirling refrigerator is provided with a first output end and a second output end; the first output end is connected to a thermal management object, and the two-way Stirling refrigerator is used to provide cold or heat to the thermal management object; the second output end is connected to a heat dissipation subsystem; the heat dissipation subsystem is used to dissipate heat to the outside of the system; the array temperature controller is electrically connected to the external motor and the two-way Stirling refrigerator, and is used to adjust the cooling or heating intensity of the two-way Stirling refrigerator.

[0007] Furthermore, a temperature measurement sensor is provided on the thermal management object, and the temperature measurement sensor is electrically connected to the array thermostat to monitor temperature data of the thermal management object and transmit the data to the array thermostat.

[0008] Furthermore, the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator includes an input unit, a three-way valve and an output unit; one end of the input unit is connected to the turntable through a connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the first end of the three-way valve through a connecting pipe; the output unit is provided with a first output end and a second output end; the second end and the third end of the three-way valve are respectively connected to the first output end and the second output end.

[0009] Furthermore, the input unit includes a master cylinder and a piston; the piston includes a piston head and a piston rod; the piston head is arranged in the master cylinder, and one end is fixedly connected to the piston rod; the piston rod passes through the master cylinder and is eccentrically connected to the turntable, so as to drive the piston head to move in the master cylinder; the end of the master cylinder away from the turntable is connected to the first end of the three-way valve through a connecting pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the output unit includes a ventilation piston cylinder and a heat exchanger; a ventilation piston is arranged inside the ventilation piston cylinder; a heat exchange area at the heat dissipation end is formed between one side of the ventilation piston and the ventilation piston cylinder; a heat exchange area at the heat management object end is formed between the other side of the ventilation piston and the ventilation piston cylinder; the heat exchange area at the heat dissipation end is connected to the heat dissipation subsystem as a second output end; the heat exchange area at the heat management object end is connected to the heat management object as a first output end; the heat exchanger is heat-exchange connected to the ventilation piston, the heat dissipation subsystem and the heat exchange area at the heat management object end.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] The present invention provides a gamma Stirling cycle hot and cold flow direction switching high-efficiency thermal management system regulated by a three-way valve. In order to solve the thermal management problems in various application scenarios, an innovative controllable three-way valve is combined with Stirling cycle technology. It can accurately and efficiently heat or cool the thermal management object, and can provide both cooling and heating modes and switch flexibly. It also has the function of waste heat recovery and utilization. It is suitable for new energy vehicles, large-scale energy storage systems, portable electronic devices and other fields with batteries as the core power source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Among them, in the figure:

[0016] 1-thermal management object; 2-heat dissipation subsystem; 3-bidirectional Stirling refrigerator; 4-main cylinder; 5-piston; 6-turntable; 7-connecting pipe; 8-three-way valve; 9-heat exchange area at the heat dissipation end; 10-gas exchange piston; 11-heat exchange area at the thermal management object end; 12-regenerator; 13-temperature measurement sensor; 14-array thermostat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see attached Figure 1 The present invention provides a three-way valve-controlled gamma Stirling cycle hot and cold flow switching type efficient thermal management system, including a heat dissipation subsystem 2, a two-way Stirling refrigerator 3, an array temperature controller 14 and an external motor; one end of the two-way Stirling refrigerator 3 is connected to a turntable 6 controlled by an external motor through a connecting rod; the external motor is used to do work to the two-way Stirling refrigerator 3 to maintain its operation; the other end of the two-way Stirling refrigerator 3 is provided with a first output end and a second output end; the first output end is connected to a thermal management object 1, and the two-way Stirling refrigerator 3 is used to provide cold or heat to the thermal management object 1; the second output end is connected to a heat dissipation subsystem 2; the heat dissipation subsystem 2 is used to dissipate heat to the outside of the system. A temperature measurement sensor 13 is provided on the thermal management object 1, and the temperature measurement sensor 13 is electrically connected to the array temperature controller 14, which is used to monitor the temperature data of the thermal management object 1 and transmit the data to the array temperature controller 14. The array temperature controller 14 is electrically connected to an external motor and the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator 3, and is used to adjust the cooling or heating intensity of the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator 3 to ensure that the temperature of the thermal management object 1 is stable within a suitable range.

[0019] The heat dissipation subsystem 2 can select different forms according to the actual application scenario. For example, in a scenario where the heat dissipation efficiency requirement is not particularly high and the space is relatively open, an air cooling-heat sink form can be adopted; and in a scenario where the heat dissipation requirement is high and the space is relatively compact, a liquid cooling form can be adopted.

[0020] The bidirectional Stirling refrigerator 3 includes an input unit, a three-way valve 8 and an output unit; one end of the input unit is connected to the turntable 6 through a connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the first end of the three-way valve 8 through a connecting pipe 7; the output unit is provided with a first output end and a second output end; the second end and the third end of the three-way valve 8 are respectively connected to the first output end and the second output end.

[0021] The input unit includes a master cylinder 4 and a piston 5; the piston 5 includes a piston head and a piston rod; the piston head is arranged in the master cylinder 4, and one end is fixedly connected to the piston rod; the piston rod passes through the master cylinder 4 and is connected to the turntable 6 through a connecting rod; the connecting rod is eccentrically connected to the turntable 6, and is used to drive the piston head to move in the master cylinder 4. The end of the master cylinder 4 away from the turntable 6 is connected to the first end of the three-way valve 8 through a connecting pipe 7.

[0022] The output unit includes a ventilation piston cylinder and a regenerator 12; a ventilation piston 10 is arranged inside the ventilation piston cylinder; a heat exchange area 9 at the heat dissipation end is formed between one side of the ventilation piston 10 and the ventilation piston cylinder; a heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end is formed between the other side of the ventilation piston 10 and the ventilation piston cylinder; the heat exchange area 9 at the heat dissipation end is connected to the heat dissipation subsystem 2 as a second output end; the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end is connected to the heat management object 1 as a first output end; the regenerator 12 is heat-exchange connected to the ventilation piston 10, the heat dissipation subsystem 2 and the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end.

[0023] The present invention is aimed at two modes of cooling and heating of the thermal management object 1:

[0024] (I) Cooling mode

[0025] When the system enters the cooling mode, the external motor starts to drive the turntable 6 to rotate, and the turntable 6 drives the piston 5 to move in the main cylinder 4 through the connecting rod. The three-way valve 8 connects the main cylinder 4 with the heat exchange area 9 at the heat dissipation end.

[0026] The piston 5 moves to compress the gas in the main cylinder 4, and the connecting pipe 7 passes the compressed gas into the three-way valve 8; under the control of the three-way valve 8, the compressed gas passes into the heat exchange area 9 at the heat dissipation end; because the gas will generate temperature rise during the compression process, after entering the heat exchange area 9 at the heat dissipation end, it will simultaneously dissipate heat to the heat dissipation subsystem 2, and the heat dissipation subsystem 2 will dissipate heat to the outside world. Under ideal working conditions, the gas exchange piston 10 realizes isochoric heat exchange between the heat exchange area 9 at the heat dissipation end and the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end through precise flow control, and the regenerator 12 recovers the heat of the high-temperature gas flowing to the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end and transfers it to the heat dissipation subsystem 2, effectively suppressing the temperature rise rate of the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end. When the piston 5 moves outward to cause the gas to expand, the gas exchange piston 10 controls the flow to expand the gas in the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end, and the temperature decreases. During this process, the gas exchange piston 10 maintains the gas exchange between the heat exchange area 9 at the heat dissipation end and the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end, and the regenerator 12 transfers the heat of the heat management object 1 absorbed by the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end to the heat dissipation subsystem 2 to avoid negative impact on the heat absorption efficiency. The piston 5 continuously works, so that the heat management object 1 that exchanges heat with the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end can continuously absorb heat and reduce its temperature, thereby achieving a cooling effect.

[0027] During the whole process, the array thermostat 14 monitors the temperature of the thermal management object 1 in real time through the temperature measurement sensor 13. When the temperature of the thermal management object 1 is lower than the target temperature, the array thermostat 14 controls the speed of the external motor and controls the operation of the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator 3 to maintain or adjust the cooling intensity and ensure that the temperature of the thermal management object 1 is stable within a suitable range.

[0028] (II) Heating mode

[0029] When the system enters the heating mode, the external motor starts to drive the turntable 6 to rotate, and the turntable 6 drives the piston 5 to move in the main cylinder 4 through the connecting rod. The three-way valve 8 connects the main cylinder 4 with the heat exchange area 11 at the heat management object end.

[0030] The piston 5 moves to compress the gas in the main cylinder 4, and the connecting pipe 7 passes the compressed gas into the three-way valve 8; under the control of the three-way valve 8, the compressed gas passes into the heat exchange area 11 at the end of the heat management object; because the gas will generate temperature rise during the compression process, the temperature of the heat exchange area 11 at the end of the heat management object rises, and heat is dissipated to the heat management object 1. At this time, the regenerator 12 transfers the cold absorbed by the heat exchange area 11 at the end of the heat management object to the heat dissipation subsystem 2, effectively suppressing the temperature drop rate of the heat exchange area 11 at the end of the heat management object. When the piston 5 moves outward to cause the gas to expand, the gas exchange piston 10 expands the gas in the heat exchange area 9 at the heat dissipation end through flow control, and the temperature decreases. In this process, the gas exchange piston 10 maintains the gas exchange between the heat exchange area 9 at the heat dissipation end and the heat exchange area 11 at the end of the heat management object. The piston 5 continuously works, so that the heat management object 1 can continuously absorb the heat dissipated by the heat exchange area 11 at the end of the heat management object, thereby achieving a heating effect.

[0031] During the whole process, the array thermostat 14 monitors the temperature of the thermal management object 1 in real time through the temperature measurement sensor 13. When the temperature of the thermal management object 1 is higher than the target temperature, the array thermostat 14 controls the speed of the external motor and controls the operation of the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator 3 to maintain or adjust the heating intensity and ensure that the temperature of the thermal management object 1 is stable within a suitable range.

[0032] (III) Idle mode

[0033] When the temperature of the thermal management object 1 reaches and stabilizes within a preset target temperature, for example, within a 1% range, the movement of the external motor is stopped, so that the entire mechanical system is in a stationary state. At the same time, the temperature of the thermal management object 1 continues to be monitored in real time through the temperature measurement sensor 13. When it is found that the temperature begins to move away from the preset target temperature, if the actual temperature is lower than the target temperature, the heating mode is turned on, and if the actual temperature is higher than the target temperature, the cooling mode is turned on.

[0034] When the present invention is in use, the temperature measurement sensor 13 collects temperature data of the thermal management object 1 in real time and transmits the data to the array thermostat 14. The array thermostat 14 makes a judgment based on the preset temperature target requirement: when the collected temperature is higher than the set target temperature, the array thermostat 14 controls the three-way valve 8 to switch to the air flow channel direction in the cooling mode, so that the device enters the cooling mode; when the collected temperature is lower than the set target temperature, the array thermostat 14 controls the three-way valve 8 to switch to the air flow channel direction in the heating mode, so that the device enters the heating mode, thereby achieving precise control of the battery temperature.

[0035] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0036] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A three-way valve-controlled Gamma Stirling cycle hot and cold flow switching high-efficiency thermal management system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heat dissipation subsystem (2), a bidirectional Stirling refrigerator (3), an array temperature controller (14) and an external motor; one end of the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator (3) is connected to a turntable (6) controlled by an external motor through a connecting rod; the external motor is used to perform work on the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator (3); the other end of the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator (3) is provided with a first output end and a second output end; the first output end is connected to a thermal management object (1), and the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator (3) is used to provide cooling or heating to the thermal management object (1); the second output end is connected to the heat dissipation subsystem (2); the heat dissipation subsystem (2) is used to dissipate heat to the outside of the system; the array temperature controller (14) is electrically connected to the external motor and the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator (3), and is used to adjust the cooling or heating intensity of the bidirectional Stirling refrigerator (3).

2. The three-way valve-controlled gamma-Stirling cycle hot and cold flow switching high-efficiency thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermal management object (1) is provided with a temperature measurement sensor (13), and the temperature measurement sensor (13) is electrically connected to the array temperature controller (14) and is used to monitor temperature data of the thermal management object (1) and transmit the data to the array temperature controller (14).

3. The three-way valve-controlled gamma-Stirling cycle hot and cold flow switching high-efficiency thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bidirectional Stirling refrigerator (3) comprises an input unit, a three-way valve (8) and an output unit; one end of the input unit is connected to the turntable (6) via a connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the first end of the three-way valve (8) via a connecting pipe (7); the output unit is provided with a first output end and a second output end; the second end and the third end of the three-way valve (8) are respectively connected to the first output end and the second output end.

4. The three-way valve-controlled gamma-Stirling cycle hot and cold flow switching high-efficiency thermal management system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The input unit comprises a main cylinder (4) and a piston (5); the piston (5) comprises a piston head and a piston rod; the piston head is arranged in the main cylinder (4), and one end is fixedly connected to the piston rod; the piston rod passes through the main cylinder (4) and is eccentrically connected to the turntable (6), so as to drive the piston head to move in the main cylinder (4); the end of the main cylinder (4) away from the turntable (6) is connected to the first end of the three-way valve (8) through a connecting pipe (7).

5. The three-way valve-controlled Gamma Stirling cycle hot and cold flow switching high-efficiency thermal management system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The output unit comprises a gas exchange piston cylinder and a heat exchanger (12); a gas exchange piston (10) is arranged inside the gas exchange piston cylinder; a heat exchange area (9) at the heat dissipation end is formed between one side of the gas exchange piston (10) and the gas exchange piston cylinder; a heat exchange area (11) at the heat management object end is formed between the other side of the gas exchange piston (10) and the gas exchange piston cylinder; the heat exchange area (9) at the heat dissipation end is connected to the heat dissipation subsystem (2) as a second output end; the heat exchange area (11) at the heat management object end is connected to the heat management object (1) as a first output end; and the heat exchanger (12) is heat exchange-connected to the gas exchange piston (10), the heat dissipation subsystem (2) and the heat exchange area (11) at the heat management object end.

Images