Gasification furnace soft measurement method based on mechanism model and related device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a gasification furnace soft measurement method based on a mechanism model, the method is used for measuring measurement parameters of a gasification furnace, the gasification furnace is divided into a plurality of small chambers, the plurality of small chambers respectively correspond to a mechanism model, and the mechanism model is established based on a gasification furnace reaction mechanism, an energy balance equation and a mass balance equation; based on the mechanism model of each small chamber, the method can respond to the input data and determine the measurement parameters of the corresponding position of each small chamber based on the mechanism model corresponding to each small chamber according to the preset direction, and in the measurement method, the reaction mechanism in the gasification furnace can be better described based on the mechanism model corresponding to each small chamber; the adjustable parameters of the model have better physical significance, measurement parameters can be more accurately obtained, in addition, the measurement method can obtain the temperature and also can obtain quality index estimation values such as measurement of synthesis gas components, carbon conversion rate and the like, and the method has good guiding significance for actual production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present specification relates to the field of measurement technology, specifically, to gasifier measurement technology, and more specifically, to a gasifier soft measurement method and related devices based on a mechanism model. Background Art

[0002] A gasifier is a device that converts solid or liquid fuel into synthesis gas (mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen). It uses high temperature and chemical reaction processes to make elements such as carbon and hydrogen in the fuel react with reaction media such as oxygen and water vapor to produce synthesis gas with certain chemical energy.

[0003] Temperature monitoring inside the gasifier is of great significance for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the gasifier. Generally, in actual industrial production, the gasifier can obtain the project conversion rate within the range of 1350-1500℃, and the stable temperature in the furnace can greatly increase the service life of the refractory bricks. The temperature in the furnace must be maintained in the range of +50℃ to +100℃ where the slag is melted. If the temperature in the furnace is lower than this range, it will directly affect the slag discharge capacity of the gasifier, resulting in blockage. If the temperature in the furnace is higher than this range, it may cause the life of the refractory bricks to decrease and the effective gas ratio in the synthetic gas to decrease. Therefore, the furnace temperature of the gasifier must be controlled within a certain range, which puts forward high requirements for the real-time monitoring of the furnace temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method that can accurately measure the gasifier. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of this specification provide a gasifier soft measurement method and related devices based on a mechanism model to achieve the purpose of accurately measuring the measurement parameters of the gasifier.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, the embodiments of this specification provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present specification provides a gasifier soft measurement method based on a mechanism model, wherein the gasifier is divided into a plurality of chambers, each of the plurality of chambers corresponds to a mechanism model, and the mechanism model is established based on target information, wherein the target information includes: a reaction mechanism of the gasifier, at least one of an energy balance equation and a mass balance equation, wherein the energy balance equation is used to characterize the correspondence between the internal energy change rate of a substance in a chamber and the temperature parameters of each component in the chamber, wherein the temperature parameters include at least one of an enthalpy value and a flow rate; and the mass balance equation is used to characterize the correspondence between the concentration change rate of each component in the chamber and the difference in the flow rate of the component entering and leaving the chamber. The gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model includes:

[0007] In response to the input data, according to a preset direction, based on the mechanism model corresponding to each of the chambers, determining the measurement parameters at the corresponding positions of each of the chambers;

[0008] The measurement parameter includes at least one of temperature, synthesis gas composition and carbon conversion rate, and the preset direction includes a direction from the gasifier inlet to the gasifier outlet.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present specification provides a gasifier soft measurement device based on a mechanism model, wherein the gasifier is divided into a plurality of chambers, each of the plurality of chambers corresponds to a mechanism model, and the mechanism model is established based on target information, wherein the target information includes: a reaction mechanism of the gasifier, at least one of an energy balance equation and a mass balance equation, wherein the energy balance equation is used to characterize the correspondence between the internal energy change rate of a substance in a chamber and the temperature parameters of each component in the chamber, wherein the temperature parameters include at least one of an enthalpy value and a flow rate; the mass balance equation is used to characterize the correspondence between the concentration change rate of each component in the chamber and the difference in the flow rate of the component entering and leaving the chamber; the gasifier soft measurement device based on the mechanism model includes:

[0010] In response to the input data, according to a preset direction, based on the mechanism model corresponding to each of the chambers, determining the measurement parameters at the corresponding positions of each of the chambers;

[0011] The measurement parameter includes at least one of temperature, synthesis gas composition and carbon conversion rate, and the preset direction includes a direction from the gasifier inlet to the gasifier outlet.

[0012] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a computing device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model as described above is implemented.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model as described above is implemented.

[0014] In a fifth aspect, the embodiments of this specification provide a computer program product or a computer program, wherein the computer program product includes a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in a computer-readable storage medium; the processor of the computer device reads the computer program from the computer-readable storage medium, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model are implemented. Optionally, the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or in the cloud; the processor of the computer device reads the computer program from the computer-readable storage medium or in the cloud.

[0015] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model provided in the embodiment of this specification is used to measure the measurement parameters of the gasifier, and the gasifier is divided into multiple chambers, and each of the multiple chambers corresponds to a mechanism model. The mechanism model is established based on target information, and the target information includes: the reaction mechanism of the gasifier, at least one of the energy balance equation and the mass balance equation. The energy balance equation is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the internal energy change rate of the substance in the chamber and the temperature parameters of each component in the chamber, and the temperature parameters include at least one of the enthalpy value and the flow rate; the mass balance equation is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the concentration change rate of each component in the chamber and the difference in the flow rate of the component entering and leaving the chamber. System; based on the mechanism model of each chamber, the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model can respond to the input data, and determine the measurement parameters at the corresponding position of each chamber according to the preset direction based on the mechanism model corresponding to each chamber. In the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model, the reaction mechanism in the gasifier can be better described based on the mechanism model corresponding to each chamber. The adjustable parameters of the model have better physical meanings, which are conducive to more accurate acquisition of the measurement parameters. In addition, in addition to obtaining temperature, the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model can also obtain estimated values ​​of quality indicators such as synthesis gas composition and carbon conversion rate, which has good guiding significance for actual production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a gasifier soft-sensing method based on a mechanism model provided for one embodiment of this specification;

[0018] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a chamber division method of a gasifier provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present specification;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a reduced core model provided for one embodiment of this specification;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the process of establishing a mechanism model provided for one embodiment of this specification;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device provided for one embodiment of the present specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this specification shall have the common meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which this specification belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the embodiments of this specification do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to avoid confusion of constituent elements.

[0023] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification, "plurality" means "at least two", and "including" is interpreted as an open, inclusive meaning, that is, "including, but not limited to". In the description of the specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material or characteristic associated with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the specification. The schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0025] Overview

[0026] The temperature inside the gasifier is very high, usually at one thousand degrees Celsius or even higher, and there are strong chemical reactions in the furnace, and there may be combustion, gasification and other processes, which make the furnace environment have the characteristics of high temperature, high pressure, high corrosion, etc. Conventional measuring instruments are difficult to work stably for a long time under such extreme conditions. Therefore, parameters such as the temperature inside the gasifier are usually obtained through soft measurement methods. Soft measurement is an indirect measurement technology that can infer the values ​​of key variables that are difficult to measure directly or are costly and have poor reliability by using easily accessible variables combined with mathematical models.

[0027] In the related art, soft measurement methods for parameters such as the internal temperature of the gasifier are mostly implemented based on data regression models. In these methods, neural networks or other regression models are used to estimate the temperature inside the furnace based on process variables. The entire model can be seen as a black box model. The entire model cannot reflect the reaction mechanism inside the gasifier, and the parameters of the model cannot reflect the real physical quantities. Users cannot understand the details and the interpretability is not strong. This makes it difficult to optimize and adjust these measurement models according to actual results, resulting in poor measurement results.

[0028] In order to solve this problem, the inventors have found that the gasifier can be divided into a plurality of chambers, each of which corresponds to a mechanism model. The mechanism model is established based on target information, and the target information includes: the reaction mechanism of the gasifier, at least one of the energy balance equation and the mass balance equation. The energy balance equation is used to characterize the correspondence between the rate of change of the internal energy of the substance in the chamber and the temperature parameters of each component in the chamber, and the temperature parameters include at least one of the enthalpy value and the flow rate; the mass balance equation is used to characterize the correspondence between the rate of change of the concentration of each component in the chamber and the difference in the flow rate of the component entering and leaving the chamber; based on the mechanism model of each chamber, the basic The gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model can respond to input data and determine the measurement parameters at the corresponding position of each chamber according to a preset direction based on the mechanism model corresponding to each chamber. In the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model, the reaction mechanism in the gasifier can be better described based on the mechanism model corresponding to each chamber. The adjustable parameters of the model have better physical meanings, which are conducive to more accurate acquisition of the measurement parameters. In addition, in addition to obtaining temperature, the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model can also obtain estimated values ​​of quality indicators such as synthesis gas composition and carbon conversion rate, which has good guiding significance for actual production.

[0029] Based on the above concept, the embodiment of this specification provides a gasifier soft measurement method based on a mechanism model. The following will exemplarily describe the gasifier soft measurement method based on a mechanism model provided in the embodiment of this specification in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Exemplary Methods

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of this specification provides a gasifier soft measurement method based on a mechanism model, the gasifier is divided into a plurality of chambers, each of the plurality of chambers corresponds to a mechanism model, the mechanism model is established based on target information, the target information includes: a gasifier reaction mechanism, at least one of an energy balance equation and a mass balance equation, the energy balance equation is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the internal energy change rate of a substance in a chamber and the temperature parameters of each component in the chamber, the temperature parameters include at least one of an enthalpy value and a flow rate; the mass balance equation is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the concentration change rate of each component in the chamber and the difference in the flow rate of the component entering and leaving the chamber; the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model includes:

[0032] S101: In response to input data, according to a preset direction, based on the mechanism model corresponding to each of the chambers, determining the measurement parameters at the corresponding positions of each of the chambers;

[0033] The measurement parameter includes at least one of temperature, synthesis gas composition and carbon conversion rate, and the preset direction includes a direction from the gasifier inlet to the gasifier outlet.

[0034] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A feasible way of dividing the gasifier into multiple chambers is shown. The gasifier can be arranged in a direction from the material inlet to the outlet (in Figure 2 The structure of the invention is divided into a plurality of small chambers, wherein the small chambers may correspond to a pre-established mechanism model. It can be understood that the small chambers are a virtual concept, and there is no physical isolation between the small chambers. Figure 2 In the process, a gasifier can be divided into a small chamber at a predetermined / random step length from the material inlet. Figure 2 1 to n in the figure represent n divided chambers. Each chamber can be regarded as a uniform mixing reactor. The components in the chamber are fully mixed, and the temperature of the gas phase and the solid phase are equal at the same time. The volume and other geometric parameters of each chamber can be determined according to the geometric size of the gasifier and the height of the chamber.

[0035] Before introducing the mechanism model, we first illustrate the feasible construction process of the mechanism model: Through research, it is found that the chemical reactions occurring in the gasifier can include the following series of reactions:

[0036] (1) Pyrolysis reaction:

[0037] Coal→Char+Volatiles(CO2+H2O+CO+H2+CH4+N2+Tar-assume C6H6) (1);

[0039] Among them, Coal represents coal, Char represents coke, Volatiles represents volatile matter, and volatile matter can include various substances in brackets. Tar represents tar. When modeling, tar can be simplified and assumed to be C6H6.

[0040] (2) Heterogeneous reaction (reaction between gas and coke):

[0041]

[0042] C + CO2 → 2CO (3);

[0043] C + H2O → H2 + CO (4);

[0044] C + 2H2 → CH4 (5);

[0045] (3) Homogeneous combustion reaction:

[0046] CO+1 / 2O2→CO2 (6);

[0047] H2+1 / 2O2→H2O (7);

[0048] CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O (8);

[0049] C6H6+15 / 2O2→6CO2+3H2O (9);

[0050] (4) Homogeneous equilibrium reaction:

[0051] CH4+H2O→CO+3H2 (10);

[0052] CO+H2O→CO2+H2 (11);

[0053] According to the characteristics of the chemical reactions in the gasifier, the gasifier can be roughly divided into three areas: (1) pyrolysis and volatile combustion area; (2) combustion and gasification area; (3) gasification area. Among them, the chemical reactions occurring in the pyrolysis and volatile combustion area mainly include reactions (1) and (6) to (9), the combustion and gasification area mainly includes reactions (2) to (4) and (6) to (8), and the gasification area mainly includes reactions (3) to (5) and (10) to (11).

[0054] Coal powder is composed of coke particles of different sizes. The heterogeneous reaction is mainly the reaction between coke and gasifier. The shrinking core model is used to describe the reaction process. Figure 3 , the initial coke particle is composed of carbon and ash, and is assumed to be spherical with a radius of R. As the reaction proceeds, the carbon core shrinks inward, and the carbon core radius rc becomes smaller and smaller, while the outer shell is ash. That is, in the heterogeneous reaction, the coke is described by a shrinking core model; in the shrinking core model, the coke particles are composed of carbon and ash. As the heterogeneous reaction proceeds, the radius of the coke particles remains unchanged, and the carbon core shrinks inward, r c After adopting the shrinking core model, the reaction rate of component i (the gasifying agent in reactions (2)-(5)) and the carbon core can be calculated by the following formula (hereinafter referred to as the first preset formula):

[0055] in,

[0056] R i represents the reaction rate of the heterogeneous reaction of component i; R C represents the initial coke particle radius; r c represents the radius of the unreacted carbon core; Y represents the ratio of the radius of the unreacted carbon core to the radius of the coke particle; f represents the conversion rate of carbon in coal at the end of the volatile release process; x represents the conversion rate of carbon in coal at any time after the end of the volatile release process; k diff k represents the velocity constant of gas diffusion to the coke surface; dash k represents the velocity constant of gas diffusion through the ash layer outside the coke to the coke surface; s represents the rate constant of the chemical reaction on the carbon core surface; P i represents the gas phase partial pressure of component i; represents the effective partial pressure of component i considering the reversible reaction; ε represents the porosity of the ash layer;

[0057] The reaction rate of the homogeneous combustion reaction can be calculated by the second preset formula:

[0058] The second preset formula includes: in,

[0059] K represents the reaction rate constant; E represents the activation energy; R a represents the gas constant; T g Indicates gas temperature; C a and C b represent the concentrations of gaseous reactants a and b respectively.

[0060] When modeling, we use Figure 2 The model shown can divide the gasifier into n small chambers along the axial direction of the gasifier from top to bottom. For each small chamber, the mass balance equation and energy balance equation can be listed. For example, for component i, the mass balance equation includes:

[0061] in,

[0062] V represents the volume of the chamber, C i represents the concentration of component i in the chamber, represents the flow rate of component i entering the chamber, represents the flow rate of the chamber component i, R i represents the reaction generation rate of component i, and Nc represents the number of all components in the chamber.

[0063] For component i, the energy balance equation can be expressed as:

[0064] in,

[0065] U represents the internal energy of all substances in the cell, represents the flow rate of component i entering the chamber, represents the flow rate of the chamber component i, represents the enthalpy of component i entering the chamber, It represents the enthalpy value of component i in the chamber; Q r Represents the heat of reaction; Q loss Represents heat loss.

[0066] Based on the above-mentioned gasifier reaction mechanism, energy balance equation and mass balance equation, a corresponding mechanism model can be established for each chamber. By solving the energy balance equation in the mechanism model, the temperature in the chamber can be obtained. By solving the mass balance equation in the mechanism model, the synthesis gas components can be obtained. Based on the synthesis gas components, the carbon conversion rate can be obtained.

[0067] In general, in the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model provided in the embodiment of the present specification, the gasifier is divided into a plurality of chambers, each of the plurality of chambers corresponds to a mechanism model, and the mechanism model is established based on target information, and the target information includes: the reaction mechanism of the gasifier, at least one of the energy balance equation and the mass balance equation, the energy balance equation is used to characterize the correspondence between the internal energy change rate of the substance in the chamber and the temperature parameters of each component in the chamber, and the temperature parameters include at least one of the enthalpy value and the flow rate; the mass balance equation is used to characterize the correspondence between the concentration change rate of each component in the chamber and the difference in the flow rate of the component entering and leaving the chamber; based on the Mechanism model, the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model can respond to input data, and determine the measurement parameters at the corresponding position of each chamber according to the preset direction based on the mechanism model corresponding to each chamber. In the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model, the reaction mechanism in the gasifier can be better described based on the mechanism model corresponding to each chamber. The adjustable parameters of the model have better physical meanings, which are conducive to more accurate acquisition of the measurement parameters. In addition, in addition to obtaining temperature, the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model can also obtain estimated values ​​of quality indicators such as synthesis gas composition and carbon conversion rate, which has good guiding significance for actual production.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, the target information includes an energy balance equation, and accordingly, the measurement parameter may include a temperature obtained by solving the energy balance equation; in another embodiment, the target information includes a mass balance equation, and accordingly, the measurement parameter may include a syngas component obtained by solving the mass balance equation; in yet another embodiment, the measurement parameter may also include a carbon conversion rate obtained based on the syngas component. In some embodiments, the target information may also include a gasifier reaction mechanism, which may help each chamber determine the type of component mainly present in the chamber and simplify the energy balance equation and / or the mass balance equation. For example, when a chamber is clearly in the gasification zone, the main component in the chamber may be determined according to reactions (3) to (5) and (10) to (11), simplifying the mechanism model corresponding to the chamber and reducing the number of times the instruction balance equation and / or the energy balance equation need to be solved, which is conducive to improving the execution efficiency of the method. This specification does not exhaustively list the types of information included in the target information and the types of parameters included in the measurement parameters. The basic correspondence includes: if the target information includes an energy balance equation, the measurement parameters include temperature; if the target information includes a mass balance equation, the measurement parameters include at least the synthesis gas component, and in some cases, the measurement parameters may also include carbon conversion rate.

[0069] In one embodiment, the input data is used to describe the size of the gasifier, the working pressure of the gasifier, the heat loss information of the gasifier, and the information of the materials entering the gasifier.

[0070] Based on the size of the gasifier, parameters such as the volume of each chamber can be determined. Based on the working pressure of the gasifier, pressure parameters such as the gas phase partial pressure of component i in each chamber can be determined. Based on the heat loss information of the gasifier, thermodynamic parameters such as the heat loss in each chamber can be determined. Based on the material information entering the gasifier, material-related information such as the initial coke particle radius can be determined.

[0071] Optionally, in a specific implementation, the input data includes: material feed rate, material particle size distribution, gasifier geometric dimensions, gasifier working pressure and gasifier heat loss coefficient.

[0072] The material feed amount may include the feed amount of coal, water, oxygen and other materials. In some embodiments, the input data may also include the material temperature;

[0073] The material particle size distribution may include information such as the particle size distribution or average particle size of the material. The geometric dimensions of the gasifier may include parameters such as the length, width, height, and volume of different parts of the gasifier.

[0074] In one embodiment, the gasifier reaction mechanism is used to describe the chemical reactions occurring in the gasifier;

[0075] Determining the measurement parameters at the corresponding positions of the chambers based on the mechanism models corresponding to the chambers includes:

[0076] Solving the energy balance equation corresponding to each of the small chambers according to the reaction mechanism of the gasifier corresponding to each of the small chambers and the input data to obtain the temperature at the corresponding position of the small chamber;

[0077] and / or

[0078] According to the reaction mechanism of the gasifier corresponding to each of the chambers and the input data, the mass balance equation corresponding to each of the chambers is solved to obtain the synthesis gas components at the corresponding positions of the chambers, and the carbon conversion rate is calculated based on the synthesis gas components.

[0079] As described above, in this embodiment, according to the reaction mechanism of the gasifier corresponding to each of the chambers and the input data, the energy balance equation corresponding to each of the chambers is solved, which can simplify the number of components required to be solved in the energy balance equation corresponding to each of the chambers, which is conducive to simplifying the amount of data required to be solved and improving the execution efficiency of the method. Similarly, according to the reaction mechanism of the gasifier corresponding to each of the chambers and the input data, the mass balance equation corresponding to each of the chambers is solved, which can simplify the number of components required to be solved in the mass balance equation corresponding to each of the chambers, which is conducive to simplifying the amount of data required to be solved and improving the execution efficiency of the method.

[0080] In one embodiment, referring to the foregoing, the mass balance equation comprises:

[0081] in,

[0082] V represents the volume of the chamber, C i represents the concentration of component i in the chamber, represents the flow rate of component i entering the chamber, represents the flow rate of the chamber component i, R i represents the reaction generation rate of component i, and Nc represents the number of all components in the chamber.

[0083] Optionally, the gasifier reaction mechanism includes a heterogeneous reaction and a homogeneous combustion reaction, wherein the heterogeneous reaction is used to describe the reaction between gas and coke in the components, and the homogeneous combustion reaction is used to describe the combustion reaction of components other than coke in the components;

[0084] The reaction generation rate of the component i is determined based on a first preset formula or a second preset formula, wherein the first preset formula is used to determine the reaction generation rate of a heterogeneous reaction, and the second preset formula is used to determine the reaction generation rate of a homogeneous combustion reaction;

[0085] The first preset formula includes: in,

[0086] R i represents the reaction rate of the heterogeneous reaction of component i; R C represents the initial coke particle radius; r c represents the radius of the unreacted carbon core; Y represents the ratio of the radius of the unreacted carbon core to the radius of the coke particle; f represents the conversion rate of carbon in coal at the end of the volatile release process; x represents the conversion rate of carbon in coal at any time after the end of the volatile release process; k diff k represents the velocity constant of gas diffusion to the coke surface; dash k represents the velocity constant of gas diffusion through the ash layer outside the coke to the coke surface; srepresents the rate constant of chemical reaction on the carbon core surface; P i represents the gas phase partial pressure of component i; represents the effective partial pressure of component i considering the reversible reaction; ε represents the porosity of the ash layer;

[0087] The second preset formula includes: in,

[0088] K represents the reaction rate constant; E represents the activation energy; R a represents the gas constant; T g Indicates gas temperature; C a and C b represent the concentrations of gaseous reactants a and b respectively.

[0089] Optionally, in the heterogeneous reaction, the coke is described using a shrinking core model;

[0090] In the shrinking core model, the coke particles are composed of carbon and ash. As the heterogeneous reaction proceeds, the radius of the coke particles remains unchanged, and the carbon core shrinks inward. c Decreases as the reaction proceeds.

[0091] Optionally, in one embodiment, the energy balance equation includes:

[0092] in,

[0093] U represents the internal energy of all substances in the cell, represents the flow rate of component i entering the chamber, represents the flow rate of the chamber component i, represents the enthalpy of component i entering the chamber, It represents the enthalpy value of component i in the chamber; Q r Represents the heat of reaction; Q loss Represents heat loss.

[0094] In one embodiment of the present specification, a feasible method for constructing a mechanism model is provided, such as Figure 4 As shown, including:

[0095] Step 1: Collect gasifier input data to prepare for modeling calculations. The input data may include:

[0096] (1) Material feed quantity and temperature, including coal, water, oxygen and other feeds;

[0097] (2) Elemental analysis and industrial analysis of coal, particle size distribution (or average particle size);

[0098] (3) Geometric dimensions of the gasifier;

[0099] (4) Gasifier working pressure and system heat loss coefficient.

[0100] Step 2: Use the reduced core model and the small chamber model to construct the mechanism model of each small chamber of the gasifier based on the reaction mechanism, mass balance equation and energy balance equation in the gasifier described above. Parameters such as the reaction rate constant and activation energy of each reaction can be found in literature and other materials. These values ​​can be used as the initial values ​​of the modeling and can be modified later according to the actual effect.

[0101] Step 3: Apply the input data collected in step 1, starting from the gasifier inlet, request the mechanism models of chambers 1 to n in turn. The solution process can use Newton iteration method or Wegstein method to obtain indicators such as chamber temperature, synthesis gas composition and carbon conversion rate. The temperature and synthesis gas composition of chamber n are the temperature and synthesis gas composition at the gasifier outlet. The temperature and other parameters solved in step 3 can be compared with the actual production values. If the error is large, several key parameters can be selected in the mechanism model of each chamber for correction, such as the reaction rate constants of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions, so that the output results of the final mechanism model match the actual values.

[0102] Step 4: deploy the mechanism model obtained in step 3 to the site, and perform online calculations on parameters such as the gasifier temperature based on real-time input data to guide the production process.

[0103] Exemplary Devices

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment of the present specification, a gasifier soft measurement device based on a mechanism model is also provided, wherein the gasifier is divided into a plurality of chambers, each of the plurality of chambers corresponds to a mechanism model, and the mechanism model is established based on target information, wherein the target information includes: a reaction mechanism of the gasifier, at least one of an energy balance equation and a mass balance equation, wherein the energy balance equation is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the internal energy change rate of a substance in a chamber and the temperature parameters of each component in the chamber, wherein the temperature parameters include at least one of an enthalpy value and a flow rate; wherein the mass balance equation is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the concentration change rate of each component in the chamber and the difference in the flow rate of the component entering and leaving the chamber; the gasifier soft measurement device based on the mechanism model includes:

[0105] In response to the input data, according to a preset direction, based on the mechanism model corresponding to each of the chambers, determining the measurement parameters at the corresponding positions of each of the chambers;

[0106] The measurement parameter includes at least one of temperature, synthesis gas composition and carbon conversion rate, and the preset direction includes a direction from the gasifier inlet to the gasifier outlet.

[0107] For the specific definition of the gasifier soft measurement device based on the mechanism model, please refer to the definition of the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model above, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the above-mentioned gasifier soft measurement device based on the mechanism model can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0108] Exemplary Computing Devices

[0109] Another embodiment of the present application further provides a computing device, see Figure 5 As shown, an exemplary embodiment of the present specification also provides a computing device, including: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model according to various embodiments of the present specification described in the above embodiments of the present specification are executed.

[0110] The internal structure of the computing device can be as follows Figure 5 As shown, the computing device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface and an input device connected through a system bus. The processor of the computing device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computing device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The network interface of the computing device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model according to various embodiments of the present specification are described in the above embodiments of the present specification.

[0111] The processor may include a main processor and may also include a baseband chip, a modem, etc.

[0112] It can be understood that the processor of the embodiment of this specification can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method implementation can be completed by the hardware integrated logic circuit or software instructions in the processor. The above processor can be a general processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The disclosed methods, steps and logic block diagrams in the embodiment of this specification can be implemented or executed. The general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiment of this specification can be directly embodied as a hardware decoding processor to perform, or the hardware and software modules in the decoding processor are combined and executed. The software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0113] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this specification may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (ErasablePROM, EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0114] The input device may include a device for receiving data and information input by a user, such as a keyboard, a mouse, a camera, a scanner, a light pen, a voice input device, a touch screen, a pedometer, or a gravity sensor.

[0115] Output devices may include means that allow information to be output to a user, such as display screens, printers, speakers, etc.

[0116] The communication interface may include using any transceiver or the like to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, Radio Access Network (RAN), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), etc.

[0117] The computing device may also include a display component and a voice component. The display component may be a liquid crystal display or an electronic ink display. The input device of the computing device may be a touch layer covered on the display component, or a button, trackball or touchpad provided on the housing of the computing device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the scheme of this specification, and does not constitute a limitation on the computing device to which the scheme of this specification is applied. The specific computing device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0119] Exemplary computer program products and storage media

[0120] In addition to the above-mentioned methods and devices, the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model provided in the embodiments of this specification can also be a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, enable the processor to execute the steps of the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model according to various embodiments of this specification described in the above "Exemplary Method" section of this specification.

[0121] The computer program product may be implemented in hardware, software or a combination thereof. In one optional embodiment, the computer program product is embodied as a computer storage medium, and in another optional embodiment, the computer program product is embodied as a software product, such as a software development kit (SDK).

[0122] The computer program product may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​to write program code for performing the operations of the embodiments of the present specification, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, as a separate software package, partially on the user computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server.

[0123] In addition, an embodiment of the present specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is executed by a processor to execute the steps of the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model according to various embodiments of the present specification described in the above "Exemplary Method" section of the present specification.

[0124] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this specification can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0125] The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0126] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of this specification, and the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the solutions provided by the embodiments of this specification. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this specification, which all belong to the protection scope of this specification. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of this specification shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A gasifier soft-sensing method based on a mechanism model, characterized in that: The gasifier is divided into a plurality of chambers, each of which corresponds to a mechanism model. The mechanism model is established based on target information, and the target information includes: a reaction mechanism of the gasifier, at least one of an energy balance equation and a mass balance equation. The energy balance equation is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the internal energy change rate of a substance in the chamber and the temperature parameters of each component in the chamber, and the temperature parameters include at least one of an enthalpy value and a flow rate; the mass balance equation is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the concentration change rate of each component in the chamber and the difference in the flow rate of the component entering and leaving the chamber; the gasifier soft measurement method based on the mechanism model includes: In response to the input data, according to a preset direction, based on the mechanism model corresponding to each of the chambers, determining the measurement parameters at the corresponding positions of each of the chambers; The measurement parameter includes at least one of temperature, synthesis gas composition and carbon conversion rate, and the preset direction includes a direction from the gasifier inlet to the gasifier outlet.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The gasifier reaction mechanism is used to describe the chemical reactions occurring in the gasifier; Determining the measurement parameters at the corresponding positions of the chambers based on the mechanism models corresponding to the chambers includes: Solving the energy balance equation corresponding to each of the small chambers according to the reaction mechanism of the gasifier corresponding to each of the small chambers and the input data to obtain the temperature at the corresponding position of the small chamber; and / or According to the reaction mechanism of the gasifier corresponding to each of the chambers and the input data, the mass balance equation corresponding to each of the chambers is solved to obtain the synthesis gas components at the corresponding positions of the chambers, and the carbon conversion rate is calculated based on the synthesis gas components.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass balance equation includes: in, V represents the volume of the chamber, C i represents the concentration of component i in the chamber, represents the flow rate of component i entering the chamber, It represents the flow rate of the chamber i, represents the reaction generation rate of component i, and Nc represents the number of all components in the chamber.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The gasifier reaction mechanism includes heterogeneous reaction and homogeneous combustion reaction. The heterogeneous reaction is used to describe the reaction between gas and coke in the components, and the homogeneous combustion reaction is used to describe the combustion reaction of components other than coke in the components. The reaction generation rate of the component i is determined based on a first preset formula or a second preset formula, wherein the first preset formula is used to determine the reaction generation rate of a heterogeneous reaction, and the second preset formula is used to determine the reaction generation rate of a homogeneous combustion reaction; The first preset formula includes: in, R i represents the reaction rate of the heterogeneous reaction of component i; R C represents the initial coke particle radius; r c represents the radius of the unreacted carbon core; Y represents the ratio of the radius of the unreacted carbon core to the radius of the coke particle; f represents the conversion rate of carbon in coal at the end of the volatile release process; x represents the conversion rate of carbon in coal at any time after the end of the volatile release process; k diff k represents the velocity constant of gas diffusion to the coke surface; dash k represents the velocity constant of gas diffusion through the ash layer outside the coke to the coke surface; s represents the rate constant of chemical reaction on the carbon core surface; P i represents the gas phase partial pressure of component i; represents the effective partial pressure of component i considering the reversible reaction; ε represents the porosity of the ash layer; The second preset formula includes: in, K represents the reaction rate constant; E represents the activation energy; R a represents the gas constant; T g Indicates gas temperature; C a and C b represent the concentrations of gaseous reactants a and b respectively.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that In the heterogeneous reaction, the coke is described by a shrinking core model; In the shrinking core model, the coke particles are composed of carbon and ash. As the heterogeneous reaction proceeds, the radius of the coke particles remains unchanged, and the carbon core shrinks inward. c Decreases as the reaction proceeds.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy balance equation includes: in, U represents the internal energy of all substances in the cell, represents the flow rate of component i entering the chamber, represents the flow rate of the chamber component i, represents the enthalpy of component i entering the chamber, It represents the enthalpy value of component i in the chamber; Q r Represents the heat of reaction; Q loss Represents heat loss.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The input data is used to describe the size of the gasifier, the working pressure of the gasifier, the heat loss information of the gasifier, and the information of the materials entering the gasifier.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The input data include: material feed rate, material particle size distribution, gasifier geometric dimensions, gasifier working pressure and gasifier heat loss coefficient.

9. A computing device, characterized in that The invention comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the gasifier soft-sensing method based on the mechanism model as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the gasifier soft-sensing method based on a mechanism model according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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