Regulation and control device, battery pack and battery pack thermal runaway regulation and control method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a regulation and control device, a battery pack and a battery pack thermal runaway regulation and control method, and relates to the technical field of battery management, the regulation and control device comprises a regulation and control assembly and a fire extinguishing medium supply assembly, the regulation and control assembly comprises a regulation and control body and a first control valve, the regulation and control body is in contact with a battery cell in the battery pack, and a regulation and control cavity is formed in the regulation and control body; a fire extinguishing medium is stored in the regulation cavity, and the first control valve communicates with the regulation cavity. A fire extinguishing medium is stored in the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly, and the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly is connected with the regulation and control cavity through a pipeline. The fire extinguishing medium supply assembly can inject a fire extinguishing medium into the regulation and control cavity so as to limit the expansion deformation amount of the battery cell, and can spray the fire extinguishing medium to the position near the battery cell through the regulation and control cavity and the first control valve. According to the regulation and control device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the restraint force can be provided for the battery cells, the use performance of the battery cells can be ensured, the battery cells can be cooled or extinguished during thermal runaway, the safety of the battery pack is improved, and the temperature uniformity of the pack body can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a control device, a battery pack, and a battery pack thermal runaway control method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, users have increasingly higher requirements for the performance of power batteries, especially in terms of safety and life performance.

[0003] The battery cells in the existing battery pack have the risk of thermal runaway. In the related art, an early warning system is set between the battery cells to monitor the thermal expansion of the battery cells so as to warn of the fire risk of the battery cells.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned early warning system has a relatively simple thermal management method for battery cells and lacks targeted regulation of battery cells in different thermal expansion states, which in turn affects the performance and safety of the battery pack. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the present application provides a control device, a battery pack and a battery pack thermal runaway control method to solve the problem that the thermal management method of the battery cells in the existing battery pack is relatively single and there is a lack of targeted control of the battery cells in different thermal expansion states, which in turn affects the performance and safety of the battery pack.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a control device, comprising:

[0007] A regulating assembly, comprising a regulating body and a first control valve disposed on the regulating body, wherein the regulating body is used to contact at least one battery cell in the battery pack, the regulating body has a regulating cavity therein, the regulating cavity is used to store a fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve is connected to the regulating cavity;

[0008] A fire extinguishing medium supply component, in which a fire extinguishing medium is stored, and the fire extinguishing medium supply component is connected to the regulating cavity pipeline;

[0009] The fire extinguishing medium supply assembly is configured to inject a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium into the regulating cavity when the expansion force of the battery cell is less than the lower expansion force threshold, so that the regulating body limits the expansion deformation of the battery cell;

[0010] When the expansion force change rate of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the upper limit expansion force change rate threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly is also configured to inject a second preset amount or continuously inject the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating chamber, and the first control valve is configured to spray the fire extinguishing medium in the regulating chamber toward the vicinity of the battery cell.

[0011] In a possible implementation, it further includes a detection element and a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the detection element, the first control valve and the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly;

[0012] The detection member is used to contact the battery cell to detect the expansion force of the battery cell, and the controller is used to calculate the rate of change of the expansion force according to the expansion force and the detection time;

[0013] The controller is configured to control the fire extinguishing medium supply component to inject a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium when the expansion force is less than a lower expansion force threshold; and to control the fire extinguishing medium supply component to inject a second preset amount or continuously inject the fire extinguishing medium, and to control the first control valve to open, when the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to an upper expansion force change rate threshold.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly includes a storage container and a second control valve, the storage container is connected to the regulating chamber pipeline, and the second control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the storage container and the regulating chamber;

[0015] The controller is electrically connected to the second control valve and is used to control the second control valve to open or close.

[0016] In a possible implementation, a heat-conducting layer is provided on the outer wall of the regulating body, and the heat-conducting layer is used to abut against the battery core.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a battery pack, comprising a shell assembly, at least one battery cell and any one of the control devices provided in the first aspect, wherein the battery cell is disposed in the shell assembly, and a control body in the control device is in contact with at least one battery cell.

[0018] In a possible implementation, a cooling element and a cold plate are further included, wherein the cooling element is used to contact a preset area on the surface of the battery cell and close to the pole to locally cool the preset area;

[0019] The cold plate is used to contact the side of the battery cell to cool the battery cell as a whole.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a battery pack thermal runaway control method, which is used for any battery pack provided in the second aspect, comprising:

[0021] Obtaining the expansion force of the battery cell and calculating the rate of change of the expansion force within a preset time;

[0022] Comparing the expansion force change rate with the expansion force change rate threshold to evaluate the expansion performance of the battery cell, wherein the expansion force change rate threshold includes an upper limit expansion force change rate threshold, and the expansion performance includes normal expansion and abnormal expansion;

[0023] When the battery cell expands normally, the fire extinguishing medium supply component injects the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating cavity or continuously monitors the battery cell. When the battery cell expands abnormally, emergency treatment is performed on the battery cell.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the expansion force change rate is compared with the expansion force change rate threshold to evaluate the expansion performance of the battery cell, wherein the expansion force change rate threshold includes an upper limit expansion force change rate threshold, and the expansion performance includes normal expansion and abnormal expansion including:

[0025] The expansion force change rate threshold is set to at least a lower expansion force change rate threshold, a second expansion force change rate threshold and an upper expansion force change rate threshold, and the abnormal expansion is set to at least abnormal expansion level 1, abnormal expansion level 2 and abnormal expansion level 3, and then the expansion force change rate of the battery cell is compared with each expansion force change rate threshold respectively;

[0026] When the expansion force change rate is less than the lower expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion of the battery cell is normal expansion;

[0027] When the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to the lower expansion force change rate threshold and less than the second expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion performance of the battery cell is abnormal expansion level one;

[0028] When the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to the second expansion force change rate threshold and less than the upper expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion performance of the battery cell is abnormal expansion level 2;

[0029] When the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to the upper expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion performance of the battery cell is abnormal expansion level three.

[0030] In a possible implementation, when the battery cell is expanding normally, the fire extinguishing medium supply component injects the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating cavity or continuously monitors the battery cell. When the battery cell is expanding abnormally, emergency treatment of the battery cell includes:

[0031] When the battery cell is in a normal expansion state, if the expansion force of the battery cell is less than the lower expansion force threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply component injects a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium into the regulating chamber; if the expansion force of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the lower expansion force threshold, the expansion force of the battery cell is continuously monitored;

[0032] When the battery cell is in the first level of abnormal expansion, a first expansion alarm signal is issued, and the refrigeration component turns on refrigeration, and when the temperature of the battery cell is lower than a fourth preset temperature, the refrigeration component turns off refrigeration;

[0033] When the battery cell is in the second level of abnormal expansion, a second expansion alarm signal is issued, the circuit connection of the battery cell is cut off, the refrigeration component starts refrigeration, and when the temperature of the battery cell is lower than the fourth preset temperature, the refrigeration component turns off refrigeration;

[0034] When the battery cell is in the third level of abnormal expansion, the third expansion alarm signal is issued, the circuit connection of the battery cell is cut off, the refrigeration part starts cooling, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly starts injecting the fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve sprays the fire extinguishing medium. When the temperature of the battery cell is lower than the fifth preset temperature, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly stops injecting and the first control valve is closed, wherein the fifth preset temperature is higher than the fourth preset temperature.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0036] Get the temperature of the battery pack;

[0037] Comparing the temperature of the battery pack with a temperature threshold to evaluate the heating performance of the battery pack, where the heating performance includes normal temperature and abnormally high temperature;

[0038] When the battery pack is at a normal temperature, the battery pack is cooled or continuously monitored; when the battery pack is at an abnormally high temperature, emergency treatment is performed on the battery pack.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the temperature of the battery pack is compared with a temperature threshold to evaluate the heating performance of the battery pack, wherein the heating performance includes normal temperature and abnormally high temperature including:

[0040] The temperature threshold is set to at least a first temperature threshold, a second temperature threshold and a third temperature threshold, the normal temperature is set to at least a normal low temperature and a normal high temperature, and the abnormal high temperature is set to at least a high temperature level 1 and a high temperature level 2, and then the temperature of the battery pack is compared with each temperature threshold respectively;

[0041] When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the first temperature threshold, it is determined that the heating of the battery pack is normal low temperature;

[0042] When the temperature of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the heating of the battery pack is normal high temperature;

[0043] When the temperature of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, it is determined that the heating performance of the battery pack is high temperature level one;

[0044] When the temperature of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold, it is determined that the heating performance of the battery pack is high temperature level 2.

[0045] In a possible implementation, when the battery pack is at a normal temperature, the battery pack is cooled or continuously monitored, and when the battery pack is at an abnormally high temperature, emergency treatment of the battery pack includes:

[0046] When the temperature of the battery pack is at a normal low temperature, the temperature of the battery pack is continuously monitored;

[0047] When the temperature of the battery pack is at a normal high temperature, the cold plate starts to cool, and when the temperature of the battery pack drops to a sixth preset temperature, the cold plate stops cooling;

[0048] When the temperature of the battery pack is in the high temperature level 1 state, a first temperature alarm signal is issued, the cold plate starts cooling, and the refrigeration component turns on refrigeration. When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a seventh preset temperature, the refrigeration component turns off refrigeration, wherein the seventh preset temperature is higher than the sixth preset temperature;

[0049] When the temperature of the battery pack is in the high temperature level 2 state, a second temperature alarm signal is issued, the cold plate starts to cool, the refrigeration component starts to cool, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly starts to inject the fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve sprays the fire extinguishing medium. When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the eighth preset temperature, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly stops injecting and the first control valve closes, wherein the eighth preset temperature is higher than the seventh preset temperature.

[0050] The present application provides a control device, a battery pack and a battery pack thermal runaway control method. The control device includes a control component and a fire extinguishing medium supply component. The control component includes a control body and a first control valve. The control body is arranged to contact at least one battery cell in the battery pack, and a control cavity is arranged in the control body. The control cavity is used to store the fire extinguishing medium. The first control valve is arranged on the control body and the first control valve is connected to the control cavity. The fire extinguishing medium is stored in the fire extinguishing medium supply component and the fire extinguishing medium supply component is connected to the control cavity pipeline. When the expansion force of the battery cell is less than the lower expansion force threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply component injects a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium into the control cavity so that the control body limits the expansion deformation of the battery cell. When the expansion force change rate of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the upper expansion force change rate threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply component injects a second preset amount or continuously injects the fire extinguishing medium into the control cavity, and the first control valve sprays the fire extinguishing medium in the control cavity toward the vicinity of the battery cell. Therefore, the control device provided in the present application can not only provide restraint for the expansion of the battery cell and ensure the performance of the battery cell, but also cool down or extinguish the battery cell when the battery cell thermally runs away, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and helping to improve the temperature uniformity of the package. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a control device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 3 A flow chart of a battery pack thermal runaway control method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Flowchart for evaluating the expansion performance of battery cells;

[0056] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Flow chart of processing the battery cell according to the expansion performance;

[0057] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A flowchart for setting a threshold value for a rate of change of expansion force;

[0058] Figure 7 Another flow chart of the battery pack thermal runaway control method provided in the embodiment of the present application

[0059] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Flowchart for evaluating the thermal performance of battery packs;

[0060] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Flow chart of processing the battery pack according to the heating performance;

[0061] Fig.10 for Figure 8 Flowchart for setting temperature thresholds in .

[0062] Reference numerals:

[0063] 10: battery cell; 20: housing assembly; 30: refrigeration component; 40: cold plate; 50: pole; 60: explosion-proof valve;

[0064] 100: regulating component; 110: regulating body; 111: regulating chamber; 112: heat conducting layer; 120: first control valve;

[0065] 200: fire extinguishing medium supply assembly; 210: storage container; 220: second control valve;

[0066] 300: Inspection parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of methods and devices consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0068] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0069] As mentioned in the background technology section, in the related technology, by setting up a fire warning system between the battery cells, the battery cells can be prevented from burning when the battery pack is seriously thermally unbalanced. However, if the battery cells are in a state of free expansion during use, the cycle performance, power performance and service life of the battery cells will be seriously affected. In addition, after the thermal runaway of the battery cells, there is no targeted regulation, but the fire is directly extinguished, resulting in the disposal of normal battery cells, which also increases the cost of subsequent maintenance.

[0070] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a control device, a battery pack and a method for controlling thermal runaway of a battery pack. The control device provided in the present application includes a control component and a fire extinguishing medium supply component. The control component includes a control body and a first control valve. The control body is arranged to contact with at least one battery cell in the battery pack, and a control cavity is arranged in the control body. The control cavity is used to store the fire extinguishing medium. The first control valve is arranged on the control body and the first control valve is connected to the control cavity. The fire extinguishing medium is stored in the fire extinguishing medium supply component, and the fire extinguishing medium supply component is connected to the control cavity pipeline. When the expansion force of the battery cell is less than the lower expansion force threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply component The control component injects a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium into the regulating cavity, so that the regulating body limits the expansion and deformation of the battery cell. When the expansion force change rate of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the upper limit expansion force change rate threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply component injects a second preset amount or continues to inject the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating cavity, and the first control valve sprays the fire extinguishing medium in the regulating cavity toward the vicinity of the battery cell. That is, it can provide a restraining force for the expansion of the battery cell to ensure the performance of the battery cell, and can also cool down or extinguish the battery cell when the battery cell thermally runs away, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and improving the temperature uniformity of the package.

[0071] The technical solution of the present application is described in detail with specific embodiments below. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0072] First, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a control device, including a control component 100 and a fire extinguishing medium supply component 200.

[0073] The regulating component 100 includes a regulating body 110 and a first control valve 120 arranged on the regulating body 110. The regulating body 110 is used to contact at least one battery cell 10 in the battery pack. The regulating body 110 has a regulating chamber 111, and the regulating chamber 111 is used to store a fire extinguishing medium. The first control valve 120 is connected to the regulating chamber 111.

[0074] The fire extinguishing medium supply component 200 stores the fire extinguishing medium, and the fire extinguishing medium supply component 200 is connected to the regulating chamber 111 through a pipeline.

[0075] The fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 is configured to inject a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium into the regulating cavity 111 when the expansion force of the battery cell 10 is less than the lower expansion force threshold, so that the regulating body 110 limits the expansion deformation of the battery cell 10 .

[0076] When the expansion force change rate of the battery cell 10 is greater than or equal to the upper limit expansion force change rate threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 is also configured to inject a second preset amount or continuously inject the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating chamber 111, and the first control valve 120 is configured to spray the fire extinguishing medium in the regulating chamber 111 toward the vicinity of the battery cell 10.

[0077] The battery cell 10 in this embodiment is made of positive and negative electrode sheets and a separator by winding or laminating, and its appearance is roughly rectangular, such as a blade battery cell.

[0078] In this embodiment, the control body 110 is a container for storing a fire extinguishing medium, and the container may be a sheet-shaped or plate-shaped shell structure, wherein the fire extinguishing medium may be a fluid such as gas, liquid, or a gas-liquid mixture, such as CO 2 , CCl 4 Gas-liquid mixture, etc. The regulating body 110 can be made of a material that is fireproof and high temperature resistant and has high mechanical strength and a small elastic modulus, and has a regulating chamber 111 inside. The regulating body 110 has an inlet and an outlet, respectively. The inlet can be connected to the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 through a pipeline, and the first control valve 120 is inserted at the outlet, which has a preset pressure, that is, the opening pressure, and can also be electrically controlled.

[0079] The fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 is used to provide the fire extinguishing medium to the control chamber 111 . The fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 may be connected to the control chamber 111 through a pipeline. The fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 may be composed of a storage container, a valve, a control component, and the like.

[0080] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the control body 110 is brought into contact with the large surface of the battery cell 10 of the battery pack. When the expansion force of the battery cell 10 is less than the lower expansion force threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 injects a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium into the control cavity 111, so that the control body 110 limits the expansion deformation of the battery cell 10, forms a restraining force on the battery cell 10, prevents the battery cell 10 from being in a free expansion state, and ensures the power performance and cycle performance of the battery cell 10. When the rate of change of the expansion force of the battery cell 10 is greater than or equal to the upper expansion force change rate threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 injects a second preset amount or continuously injects the fire extinguishing medium into the control cavity 111, and the first control valve 120 sprays the fire extinguishing medium in the control cavity 111 toward the vicinity of the battery cell 10, so as to cool down or extinguish the battery cell 10, thereby quickly controlling the battery cell 10 that has thermal runaway, and ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0081] It should be noted that the control device can be placed as needed, between two adjacent battery cells 10, or every few battery cells 10. Whether to place it in other positions (such as between the battery cell 10 and the shell assembly 20, between the battery cell 10 and the cold plate 40, etc.) can be determined according to actual conditions.

[0082] It can be understood that, compared with a single device for regulating the expansion force of the battery cell 10 or cooling or extinguishing the fire of the battery cell 10, the application of the regulating device in the embodiment of the present application can not only provide a restraining force for the expansion of the battery cell 10 and ensure the performance of the battery cell 10, but also cool down or extinguish the fire of the battery cell 10 when the battery cell 10 thermally runs away, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and helping to improve the temperature uniformity of the package, thereby achieving the purpose of comprehensive thermal management and targeted regulation of the battery cell 10.

[0083] It should be noted that if the first control valve 120 is a valve with an opening pressure, the opening pressure of the first control valve 120 should be greater than the maximum pressure in the regulating chamber 111, that is, the pressure in the regulating chamber 111 when the regulating body 110 forms the maximum restraining force on the battery cell 10. If the first control valve 120 is an electrically controlled valve, the opening pressure does not need to be considered, and the valve can be opened or closed by electrical control.

[0084] In a possible design, it further includes a detection member 300 and a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the detection member 300 , the first control valve 120 and the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 .

[0085] The detection member 300 is used to contact the battery cell 10 to detect the expansion force of the battery cell 10, and the controller is used to calculate the rate of change of the expansion force according to the expansion force and the detection time.

[0086] The controller is configured to control the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 to inject a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium when the expansion force is less than the lower expansion force threshold. When the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to the upper expansion force change rate threshold, control the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 to inject a second preset amount or continuously inject the fire extinguishing medium, and control the first control valve 120 to open.

[0087] Specifically, the detection member 300 can be a strain gauge, which can be arranged between the control body 110 and the battery cell 10 to detect the expansion force of the battery cell 10. The controller can calculate the rate of change of the expansion force based on the expansion force and the detection time, wherein the rate of change of the expansion force represents how fast the expansion force changes, that is, whether the battery cell 10 has thermal runaway.

[0088] However, when the expansion force is less than the lower expansion force threshold, the controller controls the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 to inject a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium, and when the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to the upper expansion force change rate threshold, the controller controls the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 to inject a second preset amount or continuously inject the fire extinguishing medium.

[0089] It should be noted that the specific values ​​of the lower expansion force threshold value and the upper expansion force change rate threshold value can be determined according to actual needs and are not specifically limited in this embodiment. In addition, the specific types and quantities of the detection member 300 and the controller can be determined according to actual needs and are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0090] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 includes a storage container 210 and a second control valve 220 . The storage container 210 is connected to the regulating chamber 111 by a pipeline. The second control valve 220 is disposed on the pipeline between the storage container 210 and the regulating chamber 111 .

[0091] The controller is electrically connected to the second control valve 220 and is used to control the second control valve 220 to open or close.

[0092] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the storage container 210 can be a storage tank, and the second control valve 220 is connected to the pipeline between the storage container 210 and the regulating chamber 111, which can be an electronic control valve with insulation protection, such as a solenoid valve, an electronic expansion valve, etc.

[0093] When it is necessary to inject the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating chamber 111, the controller controls the second control valve 220 to open, and when it is not necessary to inject the fire extinguishing medium, the controller controls the second control valve 220 to close, so as to facilitate control.

[0094] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a heat-conducting layer 112 is provided on the outer wall of the regulating body 110 , and the heat-conducting layer 112 is used to abut against the battery core 10 .

[0095] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the heat-conducting layer 112 is used for contacting with the battery core 10 for heat conduction, and can be α-Al 2 O 3 , hBN hexagonal boron nitride, TL-2301 and other thermally conductive, high-temperature resistant, and high-voltage resistant insulating coatings to ensure temperature uniformity inside the battery pack.

[0096] Second, as Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application also provides a battery pack, including a shell assembly 20, at least one battery cell 10 and a control device provided in any of the above embodiments, the battery cell 10 is arranged in the shell assembly 20, and the control body 110 in the control device is in contact with at least one battery cell 10.

[0097] Among them, the structure of the control device has been described in detail in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0098] Exemplarily, the regulating body 110 can be arranged between two adjacent battery cells 10, or a regulating body 110 can be arranged every few battery cells 10, or between the shell assembly 20 and the battery cell 10, between the cold plate 40 and the battery cell 10, etc., depending on actual needs.

[0099] It can be understood that the battery pack provided in the embodiment of the present application can provide a restraining force for the expansion of the battery cell 10 and ensure the performance of the battery cell 10 by configuring a regulating device, and can also cool down or extinguish the battery cell 10 when the battery cell 10 thermally runs away, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and achieving the purpose of comprehensive thermal management and targeted regulation of the battery cell 10.

[0100] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a cooling element 30 and a cold plate 40 are further included. The cooling element 30 is used to contact a preset area on the surface of the battery cell 10 and close to the pole 50 to locally cool the preset area.

[0101] The cold plate 40 is used to contact the side of the battery cell 10 to cool the battery cell 10 as a whole.

[0102] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the refrigeration component 30 is used to locally cool down the area on the surface of the battery cell 10 that is prone to high temperature, such as the area between the pole 50 and the explosion-proof valve 60. The refrigeration component 30 can be a refrigeration sheet, which can be attached to the partial surface between the pole 50 and the explosion-proof valve 60 to locally cool and reduce the temperature of a single battery cell 10 when necessary.

[0103] Moreover, the cold plate 40 is used to uniformly cool the multiple battery cells 10, and has a flow channel therein for heat conduction. After the multiple battery cells 10 are arranged side by side, one side of each battery cell 10 can abut against the cold plate 40 to cool and reduce the temperature of all the battery cells 10 as a whole when necessary.

[0104] In addition, a temperature measuring device, such as a temperature sensor, may be provided in the battery pack to detect the temperature of the battery pack so as to timely regulate the temperature of the battery pack.

[0105] Thirdly, Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery pack thermal runaway control method, which is used for the battery pack provided by any of the above embodiments, including:

[0106] S100 , obtaining an expansion force F of the battery cell 10 , and calculating an expansion force change rate dF / dt of the expansion force F in a preset time t.

[0107] Specifically, the expansion force F of the battery cell 10 may be measured by a strain gauge or a sensor, and the rate of change of the expansion force dF / dt may be calculated, so as to evaluate the expansion state of the battery cell 10 .

[0108] S200 , comparing the expansion force change rate dF / dt with the expansion force change rate threshold to evaluate the expansion performance of the battery cell 10 , wherein the expansion force change rate threshold includes an upper limit expansion force change rate threshold, and the expansion performance includes normal expansion and abnormal expansion.

[0109] Specifically, the expansion force change rate threshold can be set to multiple values, and the expansion force change rate dF / dt can be compared with the expansion force change rate threshold to evaluate the expansion state of the battery cell 10, such as normal expansion, abnormal expansion, etc.

[0110] S300 , when the battery cell 10 expands normally, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 injects the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating cavity 111 or continuously monitors the battery cell 10 ; when the battery cell 10 expands abnormally, emergency treatment is performed on the battery cell 10 .

[0111] Specifically, if the expansion performance is normal, the battery cell 10 is continuously monitored or the control chamber 111 is supplemented with a fire extinguishing medium required for the normal aging degree of the battery cell 10. If the expansion performance is abnormal, the battery cell 10 is subjected to emergency treatment, such as cooling, fire extinguishing, etc.

[0112] In this way, a single battery cell 10 can be accurately regulated to avoid or reduce damage to normal battery cells 10, and the regulation is more targeted.

[0113] The expansion force change rate threshold value may be determined based on normal aging and thermal runaway tests of the battery cell 10 , and is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0114] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the expansion force change rate dF / dt is compared with the expansion force change rate threshold to evaluate the expansion performance of the battery cell 10, wherein the expansion force change rate threshold includes an upper limit expansion force change rate threshold, and the expansion performance includes normal expansion and abnormal expansion including:

[0115] S210, setting the expansion force change rate threshold to at least a lower expansion force change rate threshold, a second expansion force change rate threshold and an upper expansion force change rate threshold, setting the abnormal expansion to at least abnormal expansion level one, abnormal expansion level two and abnormal expansion level three, and then comparing the expansion force change rate dF / dt of the battery cell 10 with each expansion force change rate threshold respectively.

[0116] Specifically, the expansion states corresponding to the lower expansion force change rate threshold, the second expansion force change rate threshold, and the upper expansion force change rate threshold are gradually stronger. In other words, the expansion state of the battery cell 10 is divided into at least four levels, namely: normal expansion, abnormal expansion level 1, abnormal expansion level 2, and abnormal expansion level 3.

[0117] S220 , when the expansion force change rate dF / dt is less than the lower expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion of the battery cell 10 is normal.

[0118] That is, it is sufficient to indicate that each battery cell 10 is in a normal state, maintain continuous monitoring, and adjust the restraining force of the battery cell 10 expansion.

[0119] S230 , when the expansion force change rate dF / dt is greater than or equal to the lower expansion force change rate threshold and less than the second expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion performance of the battery cell 10 is abnormal expansion level one.

[0120] That is, it indicates that the temperature of the battery cell 10 is abnormal, but it is relatively minor and easy to control, and the abnormal battery cell 10 can be cooled down.

[0121] S240 , when the expansion force change rate dF / dt is greater than or equal to the second expansion force change rate threshold and less than the upper expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion performance of the battery cell 10 is abnormal expansion level 2.

[0122] That is, it indicates that the temperature of the battery cell 10 is abnormal and may enter an out-of-control state. At this time, it is necessary to strengthen the control of cooling, power-off, etc. of the abnormal battery cell 10.

[0123] S250 , when the expansion force change rate dF / dt is greater than or equal to the upper expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion performance of the battery cell 10 is abnormal expansion level 3.

[0124] That is, it indicates that the battery cell 10 is out of control, and emergency measures such as cooling, power off, and fire extinguishing of the abnormal battery cell 10 need to be further strengthened.

[0125] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, continuously monitoring or performing emergency treatment on the battery cell 10 according to the expansion performance includes:

[0126] S310: When the battery cell 10 is in a normal expansion state, if the expansion force F of the battery cell 10 is less than the lower expansion force threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 injects a first preset amount of fire extinguishing medium into the control cavity 111. If the expansion force F of the battery cell 10 is greater than or equal to the lower expansion force threshold, the expansion force F of the battery cell 10 is continuously monitored.

[0127] At this time, the battery cell 10 is in a normal expansion state. In order to ensure the performance and life of the battery cell 10, it is necessary to adjust the restraining force on the battery cell 10. That is, when the restraining force of the regulating body 110 on the battery cell 10 is insufficient, it is necessary to add fire extinguishing medium to the regulating cavity 111 to put the battery cell 10 in a suitable expansion environment to prevent it from expanding freely.

[0128] Among them, the optimal restraint force requirement can be calculated based on the battery cell SOH state (i.e., battery charge state) calculated by the battery pack BMS module, and then the required expansion gap L of the battery cell can be converted based on the relationship between the area and restraint force of the battery cell 10, and then the specific liquid volume V of the first preset amount can be calculated to make the restraint force of the battery cell 10 at an appropriate value. For example, the normal expansion force change rate can be determined based on the test results of the change rate of the battery cell expansion force during the cycle + static aging process. The relationship between the normal expansion force change rate, restraint force, and expansion gap is also determined by the performance of the battery cell 10 and the package design, and can be determined according to actual needs.

[0129] S320: When the battery cell 10 is in the first level of abnormal expansion, a first expansion alarm signal is issued, and the refrigeration component 30 turns on refrigeration. When the temperature of the battery cell 10 is lower than a fourth preset temperature, the refrigeration component 30 turns off refrigeration.

[0130] At this time, the current battery cell 10 should be heat-insulated, and the refrigeration component 30 cools down the local high-temperature area of ​​the battery cell 10 to restore the current battery cell 10 to a normal state. The fourth preset temperature can be determined according to actual needs, but must be greater than or equal to the critical temperature at which the cold plate 40 exits cooling. In addition, the fault information of the battery pack can also be recorded.

[0131] S330, when the battery cell 10 is in the second level of abnormal expansion, a second expansion alarm signal is issued, the circuit connection of the battery cell 10 is cut off, the refrigeration component 30 starts refrigeration, and when the temperature of the battery cell 10 is lower than the fourth preset temperature, the refrigeration component 30 turns off refrigeration.

[0132] At this time, it is necessary to strengthen the heat resistance of the current battery cell 10, and the circuit where the current battery cell 10 is located can be immediately cut off through intelligent insurance, fuse, etc., so that no current passes through the battery cell 10, and the refrigeration component 30 strengthens the cooling of the local high-temperature area of ​​the battery cell 10 to restore the current battery cell 10 to a stable state as much as possible. When the temperature of the battery cell 10 is lower than the fourth preset temperature, the refrigeration component 30 turns off the refrigeration. In addition, the fault information of the battery pack can also be recorded to remind maintenance, etc.

[0133] S340. When the battery cell 10 is in the third stage of abnormal expansion, a third expansion alarm signal is issued, the circuit connection of the battery cell 10 is cut off, the refrigeration component 30 starts refrigeration, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 starts to inject the fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve 120 sprays the fire extinguishing medium. When the temperature of the battery cell 10 is lower than the fifth preset temperature, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 stops injecting and the first control valve 120 is closed, wherein the fifth preset temperature is higher than the fourth preset temperature.

[0134] At this time, it is necessary to put out the fire on the current battery cell 10. The circuit where the current battery cell 10 is located can be immediately cut off through smart insurance, fuses, etc., so that no current passes through the battery cell 10. The refrigeration component 30 strengthens the cooling of the local high-temperature area of ​​the battery cell 10. The fire extinguishing medium supply component 200 begins to inject the fire extinguishing medium, which is sprayed out through the first control valve 120 to extinguish the fire, and the current battery cell 10 is restored to a stable state as much as possible. When the temperature of the battery cell 10 is less than the fifth preset temperature, the first control valve 120 is closed, where the fifth preset temperature must be greater than the fourth preset temperature. In addition, the fault information of the battery pack can also be recorded to remind the driver and passengers to pull over, evacuate urgently, etc.

[0135] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the expansion force change rate threshold is set to at least a lower expansion force change rate threshold, a second expansion force change rate threshold and an upper expansion force change rate threshold, including:

[0136] S211, determining the reference expansion force change rate a of the battery cell 10 0 .

[0137] Specifically, the normal aging reference expansion force change rate a can be defined based on the normal aging, thermal runaway, and thermal diffusion performance of the battery cell 10. 0 .

[0138] S212, setting at least three expansion force change rate variables required under different expansion performances.

[0139] Specifically, the expansion force change rate variables required under three different expansion performances are set to 2x, 5x, and 8x, respectively, among which 2N / s, 5N / s, and 8N / s correspond to the expansion force change rate variable sizes of abnormal expansion level one, abnormal expansion level two, and abnormal expansion level three, respectively, and x is the coefficient.

[0140] S213: taking the sum of the reference expansion force change rate and each expansion force change rate variable as a lower expansion force change rate threshold, a second expansion force change rate threshold and an upper expansion force change rate threshold, respectively.

[0141] Specifically, the lower limit expansion force change rate threshold is a 0 +2x, the second expansion force change rate threshold is a 0 +5x, the upper limit of the expansion force change rate threshold is a 0 +8x.

[0142] That is, when dF / dt 0 When +2x, the battery cell 10 is expanding normally. dF / dt≥a 0 +2x and dF / dt 0 ​​At +5x, the battery cell 10 is abnormally expanded to level 1. dF / dt≥a 0 +5x and dF / dt 0 At +8x, the battery cell 10 is abnormally expanded at level 2. dF / dt≥a 0 At +8x, cell 10 is abnormally expanded to level three.

[0143] It should be noted that the fifth preset temperature at which the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 stops injecting the fire extinguishing medium and the fourth preset temperature at which the refrigeration element 30 turns off refrigeration can be determined according to actual needs. For example, the fifth preset temperature can be 60° C. and the fourth preset temperature can be 40° C. In this regard, there are no excessive restrictions in this embodiment.

[0144] Of course, the specific values ​​of the lower expansion force change rate threshold, the second expansion force change rate threshold and the upper expansion force change rate threshold can be adjusted according to actual needs. In addition, in order to avoid misjudgment, the duration of the expansion force change rate can also be set. For example, when dF / dt 0 +2x and lasts for t 1 =3s, the battery cell 10 is determined to be abnormally expanded at level one, and so on. The specific duration can be adjusted according to actual needs, and is not excessively limited in this embodiment.

[0145] In some embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, it also includes:

[0146] S400, obtaining the temperature T of the battery pack max .

[0147] Specifically, the temperature T of the battery pack can be obtained based on a temperature measuring device, etc. max The temperature here can be the maximum temperature, average temperature, temperature of key components, etc. of the battery pack, so as to regulate the overall temperature of the battery pack.

[0148] S500, the temperature of the battery pack T max The heating performance of the battery pack is evaluated by comparing with the temperature threshold, where the heating performance includes normal temperature and abnormally high temperature.

[0149] Specifically, the temperature threshold may be set to multiple values, and the temperature threshold may include a temperature value T y and duration, by calculating the battery pack temperature T max Compare with the temperature threshold to evaluate the heating status of the battery pack, such as normal temperature, abnormally high temperature, etc.

[0150] ​​S600: When the battery pack is at a normal temperature, cool the battery pack or continuously monitor the battery pack; when the battery pack is at an abnormally high temperature, perform emergency treatment on the battery pack.

[0151] Specifically, if the heating performance is a normal low temperature, the battery pack is continuously monitored. If the heating performance is a normal high temperature, the battery pack can be cooled; if the heating performance is an abnormally high temperature, emergency treatment is performed on the battery pack, such as cooling, fire extinguishing, etc.

[0152] In this way, the entire battery pack can be regulated. The temperature threshold can be formulated based on the comprehensive performance of the power, life, thermal safety, and cooling energy consumption of the battery pack, and is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0153] Furthermore, if Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the temperature T of the battery pack is max Comparing with the temperature threshold, the thermal performance of the battery pack is evaluated including:

[0154] S510, setting the temperature thresholds to at least a first temperature threshold, a second temperature threshold, and a third temperature threshold, setting the normal temperature to at least a normal low temperature and a normal high temperature, setting the abnormal high temperature to at least a high temperature level 1 and a high temperature level 2, and then setting the battery pack temperature T max Compare with each temperature threshold respectively.

[0155] That is, the heating states corresponding to the first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold and the third temperature threshold are gradually stronger. The heating state of the battery pack is divided into four levels: normal low temperature, normal high temperature, high temperature level 1 and high temperature level 2.

[0156] S520, when the temperature of the battery pack T max When the temperature is less than the first temperature threshold, it is determined that the heating of the battery pack is normal low temperature.

[0157] That is, it indicates that the battery pack is in a normal low temperature state and only needs to be continuously monitored.

[0158] S530, when the temperature of the battery pack T max When the temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the heating of the battery pack is normal high temperature.

[0159] That is, it indicates that the temperature of the battery pack is high, but it is normal and easy to control, so the battery pack can be cooled down.

[0160] S540, when the temperature of the battery pack T max When the temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, it is determined that the heating performance of the battery pack is high temperature level one.

[0161] That is, the temperature T of the battery pack max If there is an abnormality, the system may enter a runaway state, and in this case, it is necessary to strengthen the cooling of the battery pack and other controls.

[0162] S550, when the temperature of the battery pack T max When the temperature is greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold, it is determined that the heating performance of the battery pack is high temperature level 2.

[0163] In other words, it indicates that the battery pack is out of control, and emergency measures such as cooling and fire extinguishing of the battery pack need to be further strengthened.

[0164] Furthermore, if Fig. 9 As shown, in this embodiment, when the battery pack is at a normal temperature, the battery pack is cooled or continuously monitored, and when the battery pack is at an abnormally high temperature, emergency treatment of the battery pack includes:

[0165] S610, when the temperature of the battery pack T max In normal low temperature state, the temperature T of the battery pack is continuously monitored. max .

[0166] At this time, the battery pack is in a normal low temperature state, and there is no need for the cold plate 40 to cool the battery pack, and continuous monitoring is sufficient.

[0167] S620, when the temperature of the battery pack T max Under normal high temperature conditions, the cold plate 40 begins to cool down and the temperature of the battery pack T max When the temperature drops to the sixth preset temperature, the cold plate 40 stops cooling.

[0168] At this time, the cold plate 40 should be used to cool the battery cells 10 in the battery pack to reduce the temperature of the battery pack to max The sixth preset temperature can be determined according to actual needs.

[0169] S630, when the temperature of the battery pack T max When the battery pack is in the high temperature level 1 state, a first temperature alarm signal is issued, the cold plate 40 starts cooling, and the refrigeration element 30 starts refrigeration. max When the temperature is lower than the seventh preset temperature, the refrigeration component 30 turns off refrigeration, wherein the seventh preset temperature is higher than the sixth preset temperature.

[0170] At this time, the battery pack should be heat-insulated, the cold plate 40 starts to cool the battery cells 10 in the battery pack, and the refrigeration component 30 also cools down the local high-temperature area of ​​each battery cell 10, so that each battery cell 10 is restored to a normal state. Among them, the seventh preset temperature can be determined according to actual needs, but the seventh preset temperature must be greater than or equal to the sixth preset temperature. In addition, the first temperature alarm signal can also be issued.

[0171] S640, when the temperature of the battery pack T max In the high temperature level 2 state, a second temperature alarm signal is issued, the cold plate 40 starts to cool, the refrigeration element 30 starts to cool, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 starts to inject the fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve 120 sprays the fire extinguishing medium. max When the temperature is lower than the eighth preset temperature, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 stops injecting and the first control valve 120 is closed, wherein the eighth preset temperature is higher than the seventh preset temperature.

[0172] At this time, the battery pack should be put out of the fire. The cold plate 40 starts to cool the battery cells 10 in the battery pack. The refrigeration unit 30 strengthens the cooling of the local high-temperature area of ​​each battery cell 10. The fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 starts to inject the fire extinguishing medium, which is sprayed out through the first control valve 120 to extinguish the fire. The battery cells 10 are restored to a stable state as much as possible. When the temperature T max When the temperature is lower than the eighth preset temperature, the first control valve 120 is closed, wherein the eighth preset temperature must be higher than the seventh preset temperature. In addition, a second temperature alarm signal may be issued to remind the driver and passengers to get off the vehicle, stay away from the vehicle, etc.

[0173] Furthermore, if Fig.10 As shown, in this embodiment, setting the temperature threshold to at least a first temperature threshold, a second temperature threshold, and a third temperature threshold includes:

[0174] S511, determine the reference temperature T at which the battery pack does not need to be cooled 0 .

[0175] Specifically, based on the comprehensive performance of the battery cell 10, such as life, power, cooling energy consumption and package design, an ideal cooling exit temperature T is set. 0 , for example, T 0 =35℃.

[0176] S512, setting at least three temperature variables required under different heating performances.

[0177] Specifically, the sizes of the temperature variables required under three different heating performances are set to y, 3y, and 10y, respectively, for example, y=5°C.

[0178] S513: taking the sum of the reference temperature and each temperature variable as the first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold and the third temperature threshold respectively.

[0179] Specifically, the first temperature threshold is T 0 +y, the second temperature threshold is T 0 +3y, the third temperature threshold is T 0 +10y.

[0180] That is, when T max <T 0 +y, the battery pack is at normal low temperature. max ≥T 0 +y and T max <T 0 At +3y, the battery pack is at normal high temperature. max ≥T 0 +3y and T max <T 0 At +10y, the battery pack is at high temperature level 1. max ≥T 0 At +10y, the battery pack is at high temperature level 2.

[0181] For example, the first temperature threshold is 35° C., and the duration is 3 seconds. The second temperature threshold is 50° C., and the duration is 3 seconds. The third temperature threshold is 85° C., and the duration is 3 seconds.

[0182] It should be noted that the eighth preset temperature at which the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly 200 stops injecting the fire extinguishing medium may be set to T 0 +5y, for example, 60° C. The seventh preset temperature at which the refrigeration element 30 turns off refrigeration can be set T 0 +y, for example 40°C.

[0183] Of course, the temperature values ​​in the first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold and the third temperature threshold can be adjusted according to actual needs. In addition, in order to avoid misjudgment, the duration of the temperature can be set. For example, when T max <T 0 +y and lasts for t 2 =3s, the battery pack is determined to be at a normal low temperature, and so on. The specific duration can be adjusted according to actual needs, and no excessive restrictions are made in this embodiment.

[0184] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the application disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the claims.

[0185] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the appended drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A control device, characterized in that: include: A control assembly (100), comprising a control body (110) and a first control valve (120) arranged on the control body (110), the control body (110) being used to contact at least one battery cell (10) in a battery pack, the control body (110) having a control cavity (111) therein, the control cavity (111) being used to store a fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve (120) being in communication with the control cavity (111); a fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200), in which the fire extinguishing medium is stored, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200) being connected to the regulating chamber (111) through a pipeline; The fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200) is configured to, when the expansion force of the battery cell (10) is less than a lower expansion force threshold, inject a first preset amount of the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating chamber (111), so that the regulating body (110) limits the expansion deformation of the battery cell (10); When the rate of change of the expansion force of the battery cell (10) is greater than or equal to an upper limit expansion force rate of change threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200) is further configured to inject a second preset amount of the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating chamber (111) or continuously inject the fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve (120) is configured to spray the fire extinguishing medium in the regulating chamber (111) toward the vicinity of the battery cell (10).

2. The control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a detection component (300) and a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the detection component (300), the first control valve (120) and the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200); The detection member (300) is used to contact the battery core (10) to detect the expansion force of the battery core (10), and the controller is used to calculate the rate of change of the expansion force according to the expansion force and the detection time; The controller is configured to control the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200) to inject the first preset amount of the fire extinguishing medium when the expansion force is less than the lower expansion force threshold; When the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to the upper expansion force change rate threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200) is controlled to inject the second preset amount or continuously inject the fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve (120) is controlled to open.

3. The control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200) comprises a storage container (210) and a second control valve (220); the storage container (210) is connected to the regulating chamber (111) through a pipeline; and the second control valve (220) is arranged on the pipeline between the storage container (210) and the regulating chamber (111); The controller is electrically connected to the second control valve (220), and is used to control the second control valve (220) to open or close.

4. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A heat-conducting layer (112) is provided on the outer wall of the regulating body (110), and the heat-conducting layer (112) is used to abut against the battery core (10).

5. A battery pack, characterized in that: The control device comprises a housing assembly (20), at least one battery cell (10), and the control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery cell (10) is arranged in the housing assembly (20), and the control body (110) in the control device is in contact with at least one battery cell (10).

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling element (30) and a cold plate (40), wherein the cooling element (30) is used to contact a preset area on the surface of the battery cell (10) and close to the pole (50) to locally cool the preset area; The cold plate (40) is used to contact the side of the battery core (10) to cool the battery core (10) as a whole.

7. A method for controlling thermal runaway of a battery pack, characterized in that: For use in a battery pack as claimed in claim 6, comprising: Acquiring the expansion force of the battery cell (10), and calculating the rate of change of the expansion force within a preset time period; Comparing the expansion force change rate with an expansion force change rate threshold to evaluate the expansion performance of the battery cell (10), wherein the expansion force change rate threshold includes the upper limit expansion force change rate threshold, and the expansion performance includes normal expansion and abnormal expansion; When the battery cell (10) is in the normal expansion, the fire extinguishing medium supply component (200) injects the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating chamber (111) or continuously monitors the battery cell (10); when the battery cell (10) is in the abnormal expansion, emergency treatment is performed on the battery cell (10).

8. The method for controlling thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The expansion force change rate is compared with an expansion force change rate threshold to evaluate the expansion performance of the battery cell (10), wherein the expansion force change rate threshold includes the upper limit expansion force change rate threshold, and the expansion performance includes normal expansion and abnormal expansion including: The expansion force change rate threshold is set to at least a lower expansion force change rate threshold, a second expansion force change rate threshold and an upper expansion force change rate threshold, the abnormal expansion is set to at least abnormal expansion level one, abnormal expansion level two and abnormal expansion level three, and the expansion force change rate of the battery cell (10) is compared with each of the expansion force change rate thresholds; When the expansion force change rate is less than the lower expansion force change rate threshold, determining that the expansion of the battery cell (10) exhibits normal expansion; When the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to the lower expansion force change rate threshold and less than the second expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion performance of the battery cell (10) is the abnormal expansion level one; When the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to the second expansion force change rate threshold and less than the upper expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion performance of the battery cell (10) is the abnormal expansion level 2; When the expansion force change rate is greater than or equal to the upper expansion force change rate threshold, it is determined that the expansion performance of the battery cell (10) is the third level of abnormal expansion.

9. The method for controlling thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the battery cell (10) is in the normal expansion, the fire extinguishing medium supply component (200) injects the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating chamber (111) or continuously monitors the battery cell (10); when the battery cell (10) is in the abnormal expansion, emergency treatment of the battery cell (10) includes: When the battery cell (10) is in the normal expansion state, if the expansion force of the battery cell (10) is less than the lower expansion force threshold, the fire extinguishing medium supply component (200) injects the first preset amount of the fire extinguishing medium into the regulating chamber (111); if the expansion force of the battery cell (10) is greater than or equal to the lower expansion force threshold, the expansion force of the battery cell (10) is continuously monitored; When the battery cell (10) is in the abnormal expansion level one state, a first expansion alarm signal is issued, the refrigeration component (30) starts refrigeration, and when the temperature of the battery cell (10) is lower than a fourth preset temperature, the refrigeration component (30) stops refrigeration; When the battery cell (10) is in the second abnormal expansion state, a second expansion alarm signal is issued, the circuit connection of the battery cell (10) is cut off, the refrigeration component (30) starts refrigeration, and when the temperature of the battery cell (10) is lower than the fourth preset temperature, the refrigeration component (30) stops refrigeration; When the battery cell (10) is in the third level of abnormal expansion, a third expansion alarm signal is issued, the circuit connection of the battery cell (10) is cut off, the refrigeration component (30) starts refrigeration, the fire extinguishing medium supply component (200) starts injecting the fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve (120) sprays the fire extinguishing medium. When the temperature of the battery cell (10) is lower than the fifth preset temperature, the fire extinguishing medium supply component (200) stops injecting and the first control valve (120) is closed, wherein the fifth preset temperature is higher than the fourth preset temperature.

10. The method for controlling thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: Obtaining the temperature of the battery pack; Comparing the temperature of the battery pack with a temperature threshold to evaluate heating performance of the battery pack, wherein the heating performance includes normal temperature and abnormally high temperature; When the battery pack is at the normal temperature, the battery pack is cooled or continuously monitored; when the battery pack is at the abnormally high temperature, emergency treatment is performed on the battery pack.

11. The method for controlling thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The comparing the temperature of the battery pack with a temperature threshold to evaluate the heating performance of the battery pack, wherein the heating performance includes normal temperature and abnormally high temperature, includes: The temperature threshold is set to at least a first temperature threshold, a second temperature threshold and a third temperature threshold, the normal temperature is set to at least a normal low temperature and a normal high temperature, and the abnormal high temperature is set to at least a high temperature level 1 and a high temperature level 2, and then the temperature of the battery pack is compared with each of the temperature thresholds respectively; When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the first temperature threshold, determining that the heating of the battery pack is the normal low temperature; When the temperature of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, determining that the heating of the battery pack is the normal high temperature; When the temperature of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, determining that the heating performance of the battery pack is the high temperature level 1; When the temperature of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold, it is determined that the heat generation of the battery pack is the high temperature level 2.

12. The method for controlling thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 11, characterized in that: When the battery pack is at the normal temperature, cooling or continuously monitoring the battery pack, and when the battery pack is at the abnormally high temperature, performing emergency treatment on the battery pack includes: When the temperature of the battery pack is in the normal low temperature state, continuously monitoring the temperature of the battery pack; When the temperature of the battery pack is in the normal high temperature state, the cold plate (40) starts cooling, and when the temperature of the battery pack drops to a sixth preset temperature, the cold plate (40) stops cooling; When the temperature of the battery pack is in the high temperature level one state, a first temperature alarm signal is issued, the cold plate (40) starts cooling, the refrigeration component (30) starts refrigeration, and when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a seventh preset temperature, the refrigeration component (30) stops refrigeration, wherein the seventh preset temperature is higher than the sixth preset temperature; When the temperature of the battery pack is in the high temperature secondary state, a second temperature alarm signal is issued, the cold plate (40) starts cooling, the refrigeration component (30) starts refrigeration, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200) starts injecting the fire extinguishing medium, and the first control valve (120) sprays the fire extinguishing medium. When the temperature of the battery pack is lower than an eighth preset temperature, the fire extinguishing medium supply assembly (200) stops injecting, and the first control valve (120) is closed, wherein the eighth preset temperature is higher than the seventh preset temperature.

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