Miniaturized multi-channel 5g anti-interference filter and design method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter and a design method thereof, and relates to the technical field of filters.The filter comprises a first resonant cavity and a second resonant cavity separated by a zigzag-shaped isolation plate;the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity each have a single resonant chain;each resonant chain comprises coaxially connected input end, input end tap resonant column, multiple normal resonant columns, output end tap resonant column and output end in sequence;each resonant column is elliptical, and the major axis of each resonant column is arranged in line in the resonant chain;the resonant column comprises the input end tap resonant column, the input end tap resonant column and the normal resonant column;the zigzag-shaped isolation plate comprises multiple pairs of isolation plate groups;each pair of isolation plate groups comprises a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate in a V-shaped groove combination mode;each V-shaped groove corresponds to a resonant column.The filter significantly improves the signal isolation and anti-interference capability, and ensures the stability and synchronism of multi-channel parallel transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of filter technology, and in particular to a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter and its design method. Background Technology

[0002] A multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter is a filter used in 5G communication systems. It is designed to ensure the quality and stability of 5G network signals by precisely and selectively filtering and suppressing interference signals in specific frequency bands. Due to the dense spectrum of 5G communication systems, multiple channels may interfere with each other, affecting signal transmission quality. This filter, through its multi-channel filtering design, can effectively isolate signals from different frequency bands, reduce interference, and improve signal clarity and transmission speed.

[0003] In 5G communication systems, spectrum resources are extremely valuable and frequency bands are relatively congested. Therefore, anti-interference filters are crucial for ensuring signal quality. With the increase in data transmission speed and the number of devices, anti-interference filters can effectively isolate irrelevant signals, reduce noise, improve the signal strength and stability of the system, and ensure the efficient operation and widespread application of 5G networks.

[0004] However, existing filters often focus only on integration and miniaturization when designing multi-channel filters, without fully considering the non-ideal coupling between different adjacent resonant cavities, i.e., electromagnetic coupling interference between channels. This leads to group delay differences in different channels and causes asynchrony problems in multi-channel parallel transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, which can solve the technical problem that existing filters often only focus on integration and miniaturization in the process of designing multi-channel filters, without fully considering the non-ideal coupling between different adjacent resonant cavities, i.e., electromagnetic coupling interference between channels, resulting in group delay difference in different channels, and causing asynchronous problems in multi-channel parallel transmission.

[0006] In a first aspect, a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter is proposed, comprising: a first resonant cavity and a second resonant cavity separated by a zigzag-shaped isolation plate;

[0007] The first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity each have a single resonant chain;

[0008] Each resonant chain includes an input terminal, an input tapped resonant post, multiple ordinary resonant posts, an output tapped resonant post, and an output terminal, all connected coaxially in sequence.

[0009] Each resonant pillar is elliptical, and the major axis of each resonant pillar is collinear in its respective resonant chain. The resonant pillars include input tapped resonant pillars, input tapped resonant pillars, and ordinary resonant pillars.

[0010] The zigzag-shaped isolation plate includes multiple pairs of isolation plate groups. Each pair of isolation plate groups includes a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate arranged in a V-shaped groove configuration. Each V-shaped groove corresponds to a resonant pillar.

[0011] A second aspect of this invention provides a design method for a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, comprising:

[0012] S1: Obtain the filter passband of the resonant cavity;

[0013] S2: Determine the dimensions of the resonant pillars in the resonant chain with the goal of achieving passband broadening and out-of-band suppression through synchronous filtering passband;

[0014] S3: To ensure the stability of the coupling strength between adjacent resonant pillars in the same resonant chain, the spacing parameters between adjacent resonant pillars in the same resonant chain are determined based on the elliptic axis ratio.

[0015] S4: Based on the dimensions of the resonant pillars, with the goal of minimizing the non-ideal coupling between the first and second resonant cavities, determine the straight-line distance between the resonant pillars belonging to different resonant cavities respectively;

[0016] S5: Configure the filter according to the resonant pillar size, spacing parameters, and linear distance.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0018] In this embodiment of the invention, the miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter design, through the integrated combination of a polygonal isolator and a V-groove, not only reduces the filter's size but also effectively reduces electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels, solving the group delay difference problem caused by neglecting non-ideal coupling between channels in traditional multi-channel filter designs. In this filter, the collinear arrangement of the major axes of the elliptical resonant pillars makes signal transmission more balanced, reducing inconsistencies between channels. Furthermore, the V-groove isolator structure further optimizes signal isolation, improves anti-interference capability, and enables synchronous transmission of multi-channel parallel transmission. By optimizing the resonant pillar arrangement, polygonal isolator, and V-groove design, this filter significantly improves signal isolation and anti-interference capabilities, ensuring the stability and synchronization of multi-channel parallel transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a design method for a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 1. Folded-line isolation plate; 101. First isolation plate; 102. Second isolation plate; 2. First resonant cavity; 3. Second resonant cavity; 401. Input end; 402. Input tapped resonant post; 403. Ordinary resonant post; 404. Output tapped resonant post; 405. Output end; 406. Connecting hole; 407. Coupling reinforcing rib; 408. Input terminal; 409. Output terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter provided in this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0026] Reference manual attached Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1This diagram illustrates the structure of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter. The components include: a first resonant cavity 2 and a second resonant cavity 3, separated by a zigzag-shaped isolation plate 1, with each cavity having an independent resonant chain. The zigzag-shaped isolation plate reduces electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels, thereby improving signal isolation and anti-interference capability. The resonant chain includes an input terminal 401, an input tapped resonant post 402, multiple ordinary resonant posts 403, an output tapped resonant post 404, and an output terminal 405. Each resonant post is elliptical, and their major axes are collinear within the same resonant chain. This design helps to balance signal transmission and reduce inconsistencies between channels. Connection holes 406 and terminals 408 and 409 are provided on the input tapped resonant post 402 and the output tapped resonant post 403, respectively, for connecting the input and output terminals 408 and 409. These connection holes are used for signal transmission and access, ensuring the filter's connection to external circuits. Coupling stiffener 407: Adjacent resonant pillars are connected by coupling stiffener 407. The design of the coupling stiffener helps to adjust the coupling strength between adjacent resonant pillars, ensuring the consistency and stability of signal transmission. V-grooves 101 and 102 of the isolator: The polygonal isolator includes multiple V-grooves, each corresponding to one resonant pillar. This design effectively reduces electromagnetic interference between different channels, ensuring clear signal transmission in different frequency bands.

[0028] It should be noted that this filter design achieves miniaturized and efficient signal isolation through a combination of a zigzag isolation plate, a V-groove, an elliptical resonant pillar, and coupling reinforcement ribs. This effectively reduces interference between adjacent channels and ensures stable signal transmission in 5G communication systems.

[0029] This invention provides a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, comprising:

[0030] The first resonant cavity 2 and the second resonant cavity 3 are separated by a zigzag-shaped isolation plate 1.

[0031] The first resonant cavity 2 and the second resonant cavity 3 each have a single resonant chain.

[0032] Each resonant chain includes an input terminal 401, an input tapped resonant post 402, multiple ordinary resonant posts 403, an output tapped resonant post 404, and an output terminal 405, all connected coaxially in sequence.

[0033] Each resonant pillar is elliptical, and the major axis of each resonant pillar is collinear in its respective resonant chain. The resonant pillars include an input tapped resonant pillar 402, an output tapped resonant pillar 404, and a normal resonant pillar 403.

[0034] The zigzag-shaped isolation plate 1 includes multiple pairs of isolation plate groups. Each pair of isolation plate groups includes a first isolation plate 101 and a second isolation plate 102 arranged in a V-shaped groove configuration. Each V-shaped groove corresponds to a resonant pillar.

[0035] The function of the polygonal isolator 1 is to physically separate the two resonant cavities of the filter, the first and second resonant cavities, to avoid electromagnetic interference between channels. The polygonal structure helps optimize spatial layout and improves isolation performance. Each resonant cavity in the first and second resonant cavities 2 contains an independent resonant chain. These resonant chains are designed to effectively perform parallel signal filtering between different signal frequency bands, ensuring synchronous signal transmission. Each resonant chain consists of multiple components, including an input terminal 401, an input tapped resonant pillar 402, multiple ordinary resonant pillars 403, an output tapped resonant pillar 404, and an output terminal 405. The number of ordinary resonant pillars can be set as needed. These components work together to transmit signals through electromagnetic coupling and effectively perform frequency band filtering. The resonant pillars adopt an elliptical design, with their major axes collinearly arranged within the same resonant chain. The elliptical resonant pillars help improve the bandwidth characteristics of the filter and optimize signal transmission and coupling. Each pair of isolation plates in the V-groove isolation plate consists of V-grooves. The V-grooves effectively reduce electromagnetic interference between adjacent channels and ensure signal isolation between each resonant pillar, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of the filter.

[0036] Specifically, this miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter achieves efficient signal isolation and anti-interference capabilities through a combination of a zigzag isolator and a V-groove design. The filter consists of multiple resonant cavities, each with an independent resonant chain, and uses elliptical resonant pillars for signal filtering. The collinear arrangement of the major axes of these resonant pillars ensures more balanced signal transmission and reduces inconsistencies between channels. The V-groove isolator effectively reduces electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels, ensuring stable signal transmission. This design not only achieves miniaturization and efficient anti-interference capabilities but also optimizes multi-channel parallel transmission, guaranteeing signal quality and system stability.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter design, through the integrated combination of a polygonal isolator and a V-groove, not only reduces the filter's size but also effectively reduces electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels, solving the group delay difference problem caused by neglecting non-ideal coupling between channels in traditional multi-channel filter designs. In this filter, the collinear arrangement of the major axes of the elliptical resonant pillars makes signal transmission more balanced, reducing inconsistencies between channels. Furthermore, the V-groove isolator structure further optimizes signal isolation, improves anti-interference capability, and enables synchronous transmission of multi-channel parallel transmission. By optimizing the resonant pillar arrangement, polygonal isolator, and V-groove design, this filter significantly improves signal isolation and anti-interference capabilities, ensuring the stability and synchronization of multi-channel parallel transmission.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the input tap resonant post 402 and the output tap resonant post 403 are respectively provided with connection holes 406 on the corresponding input side and output side, and the connection holes 406 are used to connect the input terminal 408 and the output terminal 409.

[0039] It should be noted that the input tapped resonant post 402 and the output tapped resonant post 404 are respectively provided with connection holes 406 on one side of the input end and the output end. These connection holes are used to connect the input terminal 408 and the output terminal 409 to the resonant post of the filter to realize signal input and output. With this design, the filter can be effectively connected to external circuits and transmit processed signals.

[0040] In one possible implementation, adjacent resonant pillars in each resonant chain are connected by coupling stiffeners 407.

[0041] It should be noted that adjacent resonant pillars in each resonant chain are connected by coupling stiffeners 407. These stiffeners are used to adjust the electromagnetic coupling strength between adjacent resonant pillars, ensuring the consistency and stability of signal transmission. This helps optimize signal transmission, reduce signal loss or interference caused by uneven coupling, and thus improve the overall performance of the filter.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the two closest resonant pillars in the first resonant cavity 2 and the second resonant cavity 3 are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the isolation plate, wherein the isolation plate includes a first isolation plate 101 and a second isolation plate 102.

[0043] It should be noted that the two closest resonant pillars in the first resonant cavity 2 and the second resonant cavity 3 are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the polygonal isolation plate. This design ensures the symmetry between the two resonant cavities, which helps to balance signal transmission and reduce electromagnetic interference. The isolation plate consists of a first isolation plate 101 and a second isolation plate 102. This symmetrical structure can effectively improve the signal isolation performance of the filter and reduce coupling interference between channels.

[0044] Reference manual attached Figure 2 The diagram shows a flowchart of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter design method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] This invention provides a method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, the method comprising:

[0046] S1: Obtain the filter passband of the resonant cavity.

[0047] The filter passband refers to the frequency range within which a filter allows a signal to pass without significant attenuation, typically described by the center frequency and bandwidth. Obtaining the required operating frequency range for the resonant cavity, i.e., the filter passband, including the center frequency and bandwidth, provides a foundation for the subsequent design of the resonant pillar dimensions and coupling parameters, ensuring that the filter operates within the target frequency band and possesses good frequency selectivity and signal transmission performance.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the resonant cavity includes a first resonant cavity and a second resonant cavity.

[0049] S2: Determine the size of the resonant pillar in the resonant chain with the goal of achieving passband broadening and out-of-band suppression through synchronous filtering passband.

[0050] Passband broadening refers to increasing the passband width of the filter so that it can pass a wider range of target frequency signals. Out-of-band rejection refers to suppressing signals outside the passband to prevent interference from irrelevant frequency bands from entering the system.

[0051] It should be noted that, based on the obtained filter passband parameters, the dimensions of each resonant pillar in the resonant chain must be rationally designed to simultaneously meet the objectives of passband broadening and out-of-band suppression. The dimensions of the resonant pillars determine the resonant frequency and electromagnetic coupling characteristics, and the dimensional accuracy directly affects the passband width and suppression effect of the filter. This process aims to achieve both structural miniaturization and response accuracy while meeting performance requirements.

[0052] In one possible implementation, S2 specifically includes:

[0053] S201: Obtain the design parameters of the resonant pillar, including the center frequency of the filter passband, the bandwidth of the filter passband, and the desired out-of-band rejection ratio of the resonant pillar.

[0054] The filter passband center frequency refers to the middle frequency of the filter's passband (the frequency range through which signals are allowed to pass). This frequency determines the main signal frequency band served by the filter and is the most critical frequency parameter in the design. For example, for the n78 band, the center frequency might be 3.5 GHz. The filter passband bandwidth refers to the width of the filter's passband, i.e., the size of the frequency range that is allowed to pass. The wider the bandwidth, the larger the range of signal frequencies the filter can transmit. The narrower the bandwidth, the stronger the selectivity. A trade-off must be struck between passband widening and suppression capability during design. The desired out-of-band rejection ratio (DOCR) of the resonant post (representing the degree of suppression of signals outside the passband (undesired signals), usually measured in decibels (dB)) affects the filter's ability to shield against interference signals and is an important indicator of its anti-interference performance.

[0055] S202: Determine the ratio of the elliptic axis between the major axis and the minor axis of the resonant column based on the design parameters.

[0056] The formula for calculating the ellipse axis ratio is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Where k represents the elliptic axis ratio, f0 represents the center frequency of the filter passband, Δf represents the filter passband bandwidth, h represents the desired out-of-band rejection ratio of the resonant pillar, and a and b represent the major axis and minor axis of the resonant pillar, respectively.

[0059] It should be noted that by introducing joint control of bandwidth and suppression ratio, the shape of the resonant pillar can be dynamically adjusted, thereby optimizing the electromagnetic field distribution and balancing the requirements of passband broadening and out-of-band suppression. This approach is more flexible than the traditional fixed axis ratio and helps to achieve miniaturized design of high-performance filters.

[0060] S203: Calculate the electromagnetic radius of the resonant column.

[0061] The electromagnetic radius is calculated as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where r represents the electromagnetic radius, c represents the speed of light, and ∈ represents the filter dielectric constant related to the filter material.

[0064] in, To compensate for the influence of the elliptical shape on the electromagnetic field, the elliptical resonant pillar introduces the edge capacitance effect (i.e., the curvature of the ellipse leads to uneven electric field distribution), and this correction term can effectively compensate for this effect.

[0065] The electromagnetic radius is an effective parameter describing the interaction between the resonant pillar and the electromagnetic field. It is related to factors such as the physical dimensions of the resonant pillar, its operating frequency, dielectric constant, and axial ratio. In filter and resonator design, the electromagnetic radius is used to optimize electromagnetic wave propagation and adjust signal coupling, thereby achieving more precise frequency selectivity and efficient signal transmission.

[0066] S204: Using the electromagnetic radius as the major axis of the resonant column and determining the minor axis of the resonant column based on the elliptic axis ratio, the dimensions of the resonant column are obtained.

[0067] Specifically, by acquiring key design parameters such as the filter passband center frequency, bandwidth, and desired out-of-band rejection ratio, the elliptical axis ratio of the resonant pillar is calculated. Furthermore, combining this with the electromagnetic radius calculation formula, the influence of the elliptical structure on the edge electric field distribution is considered, and a correction term is introduced for compensation to ensure a more uniform and realistic electromagnetic field distribution. The calculated electromagnetic radius is used as the major axis of the resonant pillar, and the minor axis dimension is deduced from the axis ratio, thereby accurately determining the geometry of the elliptical resonant pillar. This method not only improves the scientific nature of the dimensional design and electromagnetic compatibility but also enables the filter to achieve miniaturization while possessing superior bandwidth control and out-of-band rejection capabilities.

[0068] S3: To ensure the stability of the coupling strength between adjacent resonant pillars in the same resonant chain, the spacing parameter between adjacent resonant pillars in the same resonant chain is determined based on the elliptic axis ratio.

[0069] The stability of coupling strength refers to maintaining a uniform and gradual change in the electromagnetic coupling between adjacent resonant pillars, avoiding excessively strong or weak coupling in certain areas. The elliptic axis ratio, the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of an elliptical resonant pillar, affects the electric field distribution and coupling characteristics. By adjusting the spacing between adjacent resonant pillars in conjunction with the elliptic axis ratio, the coupling strength is kept stable throughout the entire resonant chain, avoiding frequency drift, passband ripple, or filtering distortion caused by abrupt changes in local coupling. This design improves the stability and consistency of the filter, enhances bandwidth control accuracy, and is suitable for high-speed, high-fidelity 5G multi-channel systems.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the spacing parameters include the difference between the first and last spacings of the maximum and minimum spacings of adjacent resonant pillars, and the spacing variation rate between adjacent resonant pillars.

[0071] It should be noted that the spacing parameter achieves fine-tuning of the coupling strength by setting the difference between the maximum and minimum spacing between adjacent resonant pillars (the difference between the first and last spacings) and the gradual change in the spacing between each pair of resonant pillars (the spacing rate). This design helps to ensure a smooth transition of the coupling strength along the resonant chain, avoids instability in filtering performance caused by local abrupt changes, and improves the consistency of the passband and the reliability of the overall filter.

[0072] In one possible implementation, S3 specifically includes:

[0073] S301: Determine the first and last distance difference with the goal of not exceeding the desired signal wavelength.

[0074] The specific method for calculating the difference between the first and last spacings is as follows:

[0075] d max -d min =ρλ0

[0076]

[0077] Where, d max and d min ρ and λ0 represent the maximum and minimum spacing between adjacent resonant pillars, respectively. ρ represents the signal wavelength correction parameter, λ0 represents the operating wavelength of the resonant pillar, and ρλ0 represents the desired signal wavelength.

[0078] Optionally, the signal wavelength correction parameter can be set to 0.15. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the desired signal wavelength according to actual needs, and this invention does not impose any limitations on this. The setting of the beginning and end spacing difference is to avoid excessive spacing differences that could lead to unbalanced signal coupling, affecting signal transmission quality and out-of-band suppression.

[0079] S302: Determine the spacing rate by combining the ellipse axis ratio.

[0080] The calculation method for the spacing change rate is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Where Δd represents the spacing variation rate.

[0083] The spacing gradient rate controls the gradual change in spacing between the resonant pillars. In particular, when the axial ratio of the ellipse changes, the spacing gradient rate is adjusted accordingly to ensure a smooth transition in coupling strength between resonant pillars of different shapes. The change in the axial ratio of the ellipse reflects the change in the shape of the ellipse, affecting the electric field distribution and coupling strength. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the spacing gradient rate to ensure that the coupling in the design is neither too strong nor too weak.

[0084] Specifically, this process precisely adjusts the coupling distribution between resonant pillars by controlling the difference between the start and end spacings and the spacing gradient rate. This ensures that the coupling strength of the entire resonant chain remains gradually changing rather than abruptly, avoiding frequency response fluctuations or passband distortion caused by excessively strong or weak local electric fields. Simultaneously, by adjusting the gradient rate in conjunction with the elliptic axis ratio, adaptive coupling control is achieved for resonant pillars of different shapes. Overall, this design method not only enhances the flatness and stability of the filter's passband but also improves the dual control capabilities for bandwidth and out-of-band rejection.

[0085] S4: Based on the dimensions of the resonant pillars, with the goal of minimizing the non-ideal coupling between the first and second resonant cavities, determine the straight-line distance between the resonant pillars belonging to different resonant cavities.

[0086] Non-ideal coupling refers to unexpected and undesigned coupling behavior, especially interfering coupling between different channels (resonant cavities). Linear distance here specifically refers to the physical line-of-sight between the centers of two adjacent resonant pillars belonging to different resonant cavities, and is a key parameter for controlling the coupling strength.

[0087] It should be noted that by accurately calculating the linear distance between the resonant pillars of different resonant cavities, non-ideal electromagnetic coupling is suppressed, effectively reducing inter-channel interference. This method combines the dimensions of the resonant pillars and the principle of electromagnetic coupling, improving signal isolation and spectral purity while ensuring a compact filter structure, thus guaranteeing the synchronization and system stability of multi-channel parallel transmission.

[0088] In one possible implementation, S4 specifically includes:

[0089] S401: Establish a phase interference model for the V-groove, wherein the phase interference model includes the phase difference between adjacent resonant pillars belonging to different resonant cavities.

[0090] The phase interference model, based on the principle of electromagnetic wave interference, is used to analyze the impact of the phase difference between two resonant pillars on the signal coupling strength, and is particularly suitable for modeling interference between adjacent resonant cavities. The phase difference represents the phase change produced by the electromagnetic wave in the propagation path, and is used to determine whether it is constructive interference (enhancement) or destructive interference (suppression).

[0091] The phase interference model is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] d = d1 + d2

[0094] d1=d2

[0095] Where Δφ represents the phase difference, π represents pi, λ0 represents the operating wavelength of the resonant column, sin represents the sine function, θ represents the V-groove angle, d represents the straight-line distance between adjacent resonant columns, R represents the radius of the circumcircle of the target triangle, and d1 and d2 represent the straight-line distances between the lines connecting the centers of the ellipses corresponding to the resonant columns of different resonant cavities and the intersection point relative to the isolation plate. The isolation plate intersection point is the intersection point of the lines connecting the centers of the ellipses corresponding to the resonant columns of different resonant cavities and the isolation plate. One side of the target triangle is d / 2, and the diagonal opposite side of d / 2 is θ / 2. The three vertices of the target triangle are the center of the ellipses of the resonant column of the first resonant cavity, the intersection point of the line connecting the center of the ellipses to the vertex of the V-groove, and the intersection point of the lines connecting the centers of the ellipses of adjacent resonant columns in the first and second resonant cavities.

[0096] Among these, the operating wavelength refers to the electromagnetic wave wavelength at which the resonant pillar operates at the target frequency, determining the scale of phase calculation. The V-groove angle refers to the apex angle of the V-shaped structure formed by the first and second isolation plates, affecting the path difference between the two pillars. The straight-line distance represents the straight-line distance between the centers of two adjacent resonant pillars in different resonant cavities, and is a key physical quantity controlling the phase difference. The isolation plate intersection point is the intersection of the line connecting the centers of the ellipses of adjacent resonant pillars in two different resonant cavities and the polygonal isolation plate.

[0097] S402: Determine the straight-line distance based on the phase interference model with the goal of satisfying the preset phase difference.

[0098] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the preset phase difference according to actual needs, and this invention does not limit this. Optionally, when the phase difference is 180° (π), destructive interference can be achieved, that is, the non-ideal coupling between the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity can be minimized.

[0099] Specifically, by constructing a phase interference model enclosed by a V-groove, the physical structural parameters between the resonant pillars are correlated with the electromagnetic coupling strength using geometric paths and phase difference formulas. By setting a target phase difference (e.g., 180° to achieve destructive interference), the non-ideal coupling between the two resonant cavities can be effectively controlled, avoiding channel interference. This method fully considers the symmetry and path difference in the actual structure, achieving fine-grained control through physical modeling. Compared to traditional empirical designs, it can dynamically adjust the angle and distance according to the target frequency and structural constraints, thereby achieving higher anti-interference capability and lower channel crosstalk, improving the reliability and stability of 5G filters.

[0100] S5: Configure the filter according to the resonant pillar size, spacing parameters, and linear distance.

[0101] Specifically, this design method ensures the stability and efficiency of signal transmission across different channels by progressively optimizing various key parameters of the filter. First, by acquiring the filter passband and optimizing passband broadening and out-of-band rejection, the filter effectively handles wideband signals and reduces interference. Next, the coupling strength of the resonant pillars and the spacing between adjacent resonant pillars is adjusted to ensure that the signal does not experience distortion or inconsistency during transmission. Finally, the linear distance between different resonant cavities is precisely calculated to effectively reduce non-ideal electromagnetic coupling and decrease inter-channel interference. This ensures that the filter achieves efficient and low-interference signal transmission while meeting miniaturization requirements.

[0102] In this embodiment of the invention, the miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter design, through the integrated combination of a polygonal isolator and a V-groove, not only reduces the filter's size but also effectively reduces electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels, solving the group delay difference problem caused by neglecting non-ideal coupling between channels in traditional multi-channel filter designs. In this filter, the collinear arrangement of the major axes of the elliptical resonant pillars makes signal transmission more balanced, reducing inconsistencies between channels. Furthermore, the V-groove isolator structure further optimizes signal isolation, improves anti-interference capability, and enables synchronous transmission of multi-channel parallel transmission. By optimizing the resonant pillar arrangement, polygonal isolator, and V-groove design, this filter significantly improves signal isolation and anti-interference capabilities, ensuring the stability and synchronization of multi-channel parallel transmission.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter, characterized in that, The filter comprises: a first resonant cavity (2) and a second resonant cavity (3) separated by a zigzag-shaped isolation plate (1); the first resonant cavity (2) and the second resonant cavity (3) each have a single resonant chain; each resonant chain comprises an input end (401), an input end tap resonant column (402), a plurality of normal resonant columns (403), an output end tap resonant column (404), and an output end (405) connected coaxially in sequence; each resonant column is elliptical, and the major axis of each resonant column is arranged in line in the resonant chain, and the resonant column size in the resonant chain is determined to achieve passband widening and out-of-band suppression synchronously in the filter passband, wherein the resonant column comprises the input end tap resonant column (402), the output end tap resonant column (404), and the normal resonant column (403); the zigzag-shaped isolation plate (1) comprises a plurality of pairs of isolation plate groups, each pair of isolation plate groups comprises a first isolation plate (101) and a second isolation plate (102) in a V-shaped groove combination mode, and each V-shaped groove corresponds to a resonant column.

2. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter of claim 1, wherein, The input end tap resonant column (402) and the output end tap resonant column (404) are respectively provided with a connecting hole (406) on the corresponding input end side and output end side, and the connecting hole (406) is used for connecting an input end terminal (408) and an output end terminal (409).

3. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter of claim 1, wherein, Each resonant column in each resonant chain is connected by a coupling reinforcing rib (407).

4. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter of claim 1, wherein, The first resonant cavity (2) and the second resonant cavity (3) are mirror-symmetrically arranged with respect to the isolation plate, and the isolation plate comprises the first isolation plate (101) and the second isolation plate (102).

5. A miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter design method, applied to the miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method comprises: S1: obtaining a filter passband of a resonant cavity; S2: determining resonant column sizes in the resonant chain to achieve passband widening and out-of-band suppression synchronously in the filter passband; S3: determining a spacing parameter between adjacent resonant columns in the same resonant chain according to an elliptical axis ratio to ensure the stability of the coupling strength between the adjacent resonant columns in the same resonant chain; S4: combining the resonant column sizes to determine a straight-line distance between resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities to minimize the non-ideal coupling between the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity, and the S4 specifically comprises: S401: establishing a phase interference model of the V-shaped groove, wherein the phase interference model comprises a phase difference between adjacent resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities; S402: determining the straight-line distance based on the phase interference model to satisfy a preset phase difference; S5: setting the filter according to the resonant column sizes, the spacing parameter, and the straight-line distance.

6. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter design method of claim 5, wherein, The resonant cavity comprises the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity.

7. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter design method of claim 5, wherein, The S2 specifically comprises: S201: obtaining design parameters of a resonant column, wherein the design parameters comprise a filter passband center frequency, a filter passband bandwidth, and a resonant column expected out-of-band suppression ratio; S202: determining an elliptical axis ratio between a long axis of the resonant column and a short axis of the resonant column based on the design parameter; S203: calculating an electromagnetic radius of the resonant column; S204: taking the electromagnetic radius as the long axis of the resonant column, and determining the short axis of the resonant column based on the elliptical axis ratio, to obtain the resonant column size.

8. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter design method of claim 5, wherein, The interval parameter includes a first and last interval difference between a maximum interval and a minimum interval of adjacent resonant columns, and an interval change rate between adjacent resonant columns.

9. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G interference rejection filter design method of claim 8, wherein, The S3 specifically includes: S301: determining the first and last interval difference with a target of not exceeding a desired signal wavelength; S302: determining the interval change rate in combination with the elliptical axis ratio.

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