Free forging device and method for shaft forging

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of forging equipment, particularly relates to a free forging device and method for shaft forgings, and aims to solve the problems that the number of existing driving equipment is large, the forging cost is greatly increased, the shaft forgings are low in drawing efficiency, and waste residues generated in the forging process cannot be automatically cleaned. A bottom die and a U-shaped frame are fixed to the top of the base, the bottom die is located in the U-shaped frame, a hydraulic cylinder fixedly penetrates through the top of the U-shaped frame, a top die is fixed to an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, the top die and the bottom die are matched to be used for forging shaft forgings, arc-shaped grooves are formed in the sides, close to each other, of the bottom die and the top die correspondingly, and the arc-shaped grooves are used for forging the shaft forgings. According to the forging device, the hydraulic cylinder drives the top die to move up and down in a reciprocating mode, when the shaft forge piece is forged, the shaft forge piece can be driven to move and rotate, and therefore forging can be carried out on different positions and different faces of the shaft forge piece, too many driving devices do not need to be used, and the forging cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging equipment, and in particular to a free forging device and method for shaft forgings. Background Art

[0002] Free forging is a processing method that uses impact force or pressure to make the metal deform freely in all directions between the upper and lower anvil surfaces, without any restrictions, to obtain forgings of the desired shape, size and certain mechanical properties.

[0003] However, the prior art still has the following disadvantages in the forging process of shaft forgings: 1. When forging shaft forgings, the hydraulic press, mechanical claws and driving structure need to cooperate with each other to make the shaft forgings move while rotating, so as to forge all sides of the shaft forgings. Many driving devices are used, which greatly increases the forging cost; 2. During the forging process, the shaft forging cannot be actively stretched as needed, resulting in the need to gradually hammer the shaft forging through the forging die to stretch it, which seriously affects the forging efficiency of the shaft end; 3. Waste slag and other pollutants generated during the forging process cannot be automatically cleaned. These waste slag and other pollutants accumulate on the mold, affecting the subsequent forging operations.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention document proposes a free forging device and method for shaft forgings. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing use of more driving equipment, which greatly increases the forging cost, the low efficiency of shaft forging drawing, and the waste slag generated during the forging process cannot be automatically cleaned, and to propose a free forging device and method for shaft forgings.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A free forging device for shaft forgings comprises a base, a bottom die and a U-shaped frame are fixed on the top of the base, and the bottom die is located in the U-shaped frame, a hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top of the U-shaped frame, a top die is fixed on the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, and the top die cooperates with the bottom die to forge the shaft forgings, and an arc groove is provided on the side where the bottom die and the top die are close to each other, which is used to forge the shaft forgings; It also includes two sliding seats, which are respectively located on both sides of the bottom mold, and the two sliding seats both slide on the top of the base, and the top of the base is slidably connected with a sliding plate, and the sliding plate is located between the bottom mold and one of the sliding seats, and two sliding rods are fixed on one side of the sliding seat away from the sliding plate, and the other ends of the two sliding rods slide through the bottom mold, the sliding plate and the sliding seat close to the sliding plate in turn, and a lead screw is rotatably connected to the side of the sliding plate away from the bottom mold, and one end of the lead screw is threadedly penetrated through the adjacent sliding seat; It also includes a reciprocating screw rod, and the reciprocating screw rod thread passes through the bottom mold, one end of the reciprocating screw rod is rotatably connected to a sliding seat away from the sliding plate, and the other end of the reciprocating screw rod is rotatably connected to the sliding plate, and the sliding plate and the two sliding seats can be controlled to move by rotating the reciprocating screw rod, and a guide rod is fixed to one end of the reciprocating screw rod, and one end of the guide rod passes through the sliding seat adjacent to the sliding plate; A clamping structure, arranged on the top of the sliding seat, is used to clamp and fix the shaft forging; The moving structure is arranged on one side of the bottom mold and is used to drive the reciprocating screw to rotate and drive the sliding plate and the two sliding seats to move; The extension structure is arranged on the outer wall of the lead screw and is used to control the distance between the sliding plate and the adjacent sliding seat.

[0007] In a possible design, the clamping structure includes a back plate fixed to the top of the sliding seat, and the side of the back plate close to the bottom mold is rotatably connected to a mounting cylinder through an annular slide rail, and a plurality of screws are slidably penetrated through the outer wall of the mounting cylinder, and a plurality of first bevel gears are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the mounting cylinder, and an internal thread is provided in the first bevel gear, and the first bevel gear is threadedly connected to the screw through the internal thread, and a clamping plate for clamping and fixing the shaft forging is fixed at one end of the plurality of screws close to each other, and a bevel gear ring is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting cylinder, and the bevel gear ring is meshed with the plurality of first bevel gears, and the bevel gear ring drives the screw to move through the first bevel gear, and a driving motor is fixed to the outer wall of the mounting cylinder through a frame, and a second gear meshed with the bevel gear ring is fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor for driving the bevel gear ring to rotate; the second gear is driven to rotate by the driving motor, and the second gear drives the plurality of first bevel gears to rotate through the bevel gear ring, and the first bevel gear drives the screw to move toward the middle, and the clamping and fixing of the shaft forging is completed through the clamping plate.

[0008] In a possible design, the moving structure includes a sleeve rotating on one side of the bottom die, the sleeve sliding on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw through a sliding groove and a sliding block, the sleeve drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a one-way bearing, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing is fixedly connected to the sleeve, the outer ring of the one-way bearing is fixed with a first spur gear, one side of the bottom die is slidably connected with a rack meshing with the first spur gear, the rack moves up to drive the first spur gear to rotate, the first spur gear is in a locked state with the sleeve through the one-way bearing, and is used to drive the sleeve to rotate in one direction, an L-shaped plate is fixed on one side of the top die, and the top end of the rack is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the L-shaped plate, and is used to drive the rack to move up and down; the top die drives the L-shaped plate and the rack to move up, the rack drives the first spur gear to rotate, the first spur gear is in a locked state with the sleeve through the one-way bearing, the sleeve drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, and the reciprocating screw is threadedly connected to the bottom die, so the reciprocating screw drives the sliding seat and the shaft forging thereon to move, and forges other positions on the shaft forging.

[0009] In a possible design, the mobile structure also includes two bases, which are respectively fixed on the tops of the two sliding bases, and a gearbox is fixed to the side of the two bases close to each other through a frame, and the output ends of the two gearboxes are fixed with a second spur gear, and the outer walls of the two mounting cylinders are fixed with a spur gear ring, and the spur gear ring is meshed with the second spur gear to drive the mounting cylinder to rotate, and the input ends of the two gearboxes are fixed with a first synchronous wheel, and the two first synchronous wheels are connected to the second synchronous wheels through a synchronous belt, one of the second synchronous wheels is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw rod, and the other second synchronous wheel slides through a slide groove and a slider The second synchronous wheel which is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod and located on the guide rod is rotatably connected to the adjacent sliding seat. The rotation of the reciprocating screw and the guide rod can synchronously drive the spur gear ring and the mounting tube to rotate. During the rotation of the reciprocating screw, the first synchronous wheel is driven to rotate by the second synchronous wheel, and the first synchronous wheel drives the second spur gear to rotate through the gearbox, and the second spur gear drives the mounting tube to rotate through the spur gear ring, which is used to adjust the angle of the shaft forging, and then when the hydraulic cylinder drives the top die to reciprocate up and down to forge the shaft forging, the shaft forging is driven to move and rotate at the same time, so that different positions and different surfaces of the shaft forging can be forged, which greatly reduces the forging cost.

[0010] In a possible design, the extension structure includes a fourth synchronous wheel rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the lead screw, a third synchronous wheel is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod, the fourth synchronous wheel and the third synchronous wheel are connected by a synchronous belt transmission, a fixed sleeve on the outer wall of the lead screw is provided with a fixed disk, the outer wall of the lead screw is slidably connected to a sliding disk located between the fourth synchronous wheel and the fixed disk through a sliding groove and a sliding block, a tension spring is fixed between the sliding disk and the fixed disk, and the tension spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the lead screw, a plurality of second electromagnets and a first electromagnet are respectively fixed between the fixed disk and the sliding disk, and the repulsive force between the first electromagnet and the first electromagnet after power is applied is greater than the tension of the tension spring, which is used to drive the sliding disk to move in the direction of the fourth synchronous wheel, and the sliding disk A plurality of shift plates and shift rods are fixed on the side close to the fixed plate, and the shift plates and the shift rods are in contact with each other to enable the fourth synchronous wheel to drive the sliding plate and the lead screw to rotate; the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are energized, and the repulsive force between the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet is greater than the tension of the tension spring, and the sliding plate and the shift plate move toward the fourth synchronous wheel under the action of the repulsive force, and at this time, the shift rod and the shift plate are in contact with each other, and the guide rod drives the fourth synchronous wheel to rotate through the cooperation of the third synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt, and the fourth synchronous wheel drives the sliding plate and the lead screw to rotate through the cooperation of the shift rod and the shift plate, and the sliding seat adjacent to the sliding plate moves outward under the action of the lead screw, so that the shaft forging can be lengthened when the shaft forging is heated and forged.

[0011] In a possible design, support plates are fixed to the tops of the two sliding seats, and the tops of the two support plates are respectively slidably connected to the outer walls of the two mounting tubes for supporting the mounting tubes.

[0012] In one possible design, fixed plates are fixed on both sides of the bottom die, fixed cylinders are fixed on the tops of the two fixed plates, electromagnetic coils are fixed on the inner walls of the two fixed cylinders, and the shaft forging passes through the electromagnetic coils. The electromagnetic coils are used to heat the shaft forgings, which facilitates the subsequent forging of the shaft forgings by the bottom die and the top die.

[0013] In a possible design, a plurality of vertical rods are fixed to the top of the bottom mold, and the top ends of the plurality of vertical rods are slidably extended into the top mold, so that the top mold can be smoothly raised and lowered through the vertical rods.

[0014] In a possible design, a cavity is provided in the bottom die, and a plurality of leak holes connected to the cavity are provided in the arc-shaped groove on the top of the bottom die, so as to allow the waste slag generated during forging to fall into the cavity through the leak holes. An inclined plate is fixed in the cavity, so as to discharge the collected waste slag to one side of the bottom die. Two supporting vertical plates are fixed to the bottom inner wall of the cavity, and the reciprocating screw rod penetrates the supporting vertical plates. The top of the two supporting vertical plates is fixed with the same top plate, and the top plate is located below the inclined plate. A supporting beam is fixed on the top of the top plate, and the top end of the supporting beam slides through the inclined plate and is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the cavity, so as to adjust the top of the bottom die. Support, the sides of the two supporting vertical plates that are away from each other are rotatably connected with circular rings, the two circular rings are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw through sliding grooves and sliders, and multiple rubber hemisphere blocks are fixed on the outer walls of the two circular rings. Two push rods slide through the top plate, and the push rods cooperate with the rubber hemisphere blocks to drive the push rods to move up and down to knock on the inclined panel; the waste slag falls on the inclined panel through the leakage holes and goes to the outside side by side, and the reciprocating screw rotates, driving the circular ring to rotate, and the circular ring continuously pushes the push rod to knock on the inclined panel through the rubber hemisphere blocks, which is used to vibrate the waste slag on the inclined panel to one side, and automatically complete the collection and discharge of the waste slag.

[0015] In the present application, a forging method of a free forging device for a shaft forging comprises the following steps: S1, pass the shaft forging through the mounting tube and the electromagnetic coil, place it on the bottom die, and drive the clamping plate to clamp and fix the two ends of the shaft forging through the driving motor; S2, the hydraulic cylinder drives the top die to move up and down to forge the shaft forging. At the same time, when the top die moves up, it drives the first straight gear and the reciprocating screw to rotate, so that the sliding seat and the shaft forging thereon move to forge other positions of the shaft forging; S3. During forging, the electromagnetic coil is energized according to the moving direction of the shaft forging to heat the shaft forging, and the second synchronous wheel, the first synchronous wheel and the gearbox drive the mounting cylinder to rotate, adjust the angle of the shaft forging, and realize forging of different positions and surfaces of the shaft forging to reduce costs; S4, when it is necessary to lengthen, power is turned on to make the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet generate repulsive force, push the sliding plate and the shifting plate to move, cooperate with the shifting rod and the fourth synchronous wheel to drive the lead screw to rotate, so that the sliding seat moves outward, thereby lengthening the shaft forging; S5. During the forging process, the oxide layer waste slag falls onto the inclined plate through the leak hole on the bottom die, and the rotating ring and rubber hemisphere block push the push rod to knock the inclined plate, shaking the waste slag off and discharging it to the outside.

[0016] Beneficial effect: In the present invention, the moving structure includes a shaft sleeve rotating on one side of the bottom die, the shaft sleeve slides on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw, the outer wall of the shaft sleeve is provided with a one-way bearing, the outer ring of the one-way bearing is fixed with a first spur gear, one side of the bottom die is slidably connected with a rack, and one side of the top die is fixed with an L-shaped plate; the top die drives the L-shaped plate and the rack to move upward, the rack drives the first spur gear to rotate, the first spur gear is in a locked state with the shaft sleeve through the one-way bearing, the shaft sleeve drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, the reciprocating screw is threadedly connected with the bottom die, so the reciprocating screw drives the sliding seat and the shaft forging thereon to move, and forging is performed on other positions on the shaft forging; In the present invention, the output ends of the two gearboxes are fixed with second spur gears, the second spur gears mesh with the spur gear rings fixed on the outer wall of the mounting tube, the input ends of the two gearboxes are fixed with first synchronous wheels, the two first synchronous wheels are connected with second synchronous wheels through synchronous belts, one of the second synchronous wheels is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw, and the other second synchronous wheel is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod; the reciprocating screw and the guide rod rotate to drive the two mounting tubes to rotate, so as to adjust the angle of the shaft forging, and then when the hydraulic cylinder drives the top die to move up and down to forge the shaft forging, the shaft forging is driven to move and rotate at the same time, so that different positions and different surfaces of the shaft forging can be forged, which greatly reduces the cost of forging; In the present invention, a fourth synchronous wheel is provided on the outer wall rotating sleeve of the lead screw, a fixed disk is provided on the outer wall fixed sleeve of the lead screw, a sliding disk is slidably connected to the outer wall of the lead screw, a plurality of second electromagnets and a first electromagnet are respectively fixed between the fixed disk and the sliding disk, and a plurality of shifting plates and shifting rods are respectively fixed on the sides of the sliding disk and the fixed disk close to each other; the repulsive force between the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet pushes the sliding disk to move in the direction of the fourth synchronous wheel, the guide rod drives the fourth synchronous wheel to rotate through the cooperation of the third synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt, the fourth synchronous wheel drives the lead screw to rotate through the cooperation of the shifting rod and the shifting plate, and the sliding seat adjacent to the sliding plate moves outward, so that the shaft forging can be stretched when the shaft forging is heated and forged; In the present invention, a cavity is provided in the bottom mold, a plurality of leakage holes connected with the cavity are provided on the top of the bottom mold, an inclined panel is fixed in the cavity, two supporting vertical plates are fixed on the bottom inner wall of the cavity, and circular rings are rotatably connected on the sides of the two supporting vertical plates away from each other, and the two circular rings are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw, and a plurality of rubber hemispherical blocks are fixed on the outer walls of the two circular rings, and two pushing rods slide through the top plate; the waste residue falls on the inclined panel through the leakage holes, and the reciprocating screw rotates to drive the circular ring to rotate, and the circular ring continuously pushes the pushing rod to knock on the inclined panel through the rubber hemispherical block, so as to shake the waste residue on the inclined panel to one side, thereby automatically completing the collection and discharge of the waste residue.

[0017] In the present invention, the top die is driven to move up and down reciprocatingly by the hydraulic cylinder, and when the shaft forging is forged, the shaft forging can be driven to move and rotate, so that forging can be performed at different positions and on different surfaces of the shaft forging, without using too many driving devices, greatly reducing the forging cost, and the shaft forging can be actively stretched as needed to improve the forging efficiency. In addition, during forging, the waste slag generated during the forging process can be automatically collected and discharged to the outside. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a free forging device for a shaft forging provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a top die and a bottom die of a free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a shaft sleeve, a one-way bearing and a first spur gear of a free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a sliding seat, a back plate, a sliding plate and a reciprocating screw rod of a free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a spur ring, a mounting cylinder and a back plate of a free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a screw, a first bevel gear and a bevel gear ring of a free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a reciprocating screw, a guide rod and a second synchronous wheel of a free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a sliding seat and a sliding plate of a free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a fourth synchronous wheel, a sliding disk and a fixed disk of a free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cooperation between the lever and the plate of the free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a bottom die of a free forging device for a shaft forging provided in Example 2 of the present invention; Fig.12This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of the top plate, supporting vertical plate and circular ring of the free forging device for shaft forgings provided in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, base; 2, bottom mold; 3, vertical rod; 4, U-shaped frame; 5, hydraulic cylinder; 6, top mold; 7, fixed plate; 8, fixed cylinder; 9, electromagnetic coil; 10, sliding seat; 11, sliding plate; 12, back plate; 13, mounting cylinder; 14, bevel gear ring; 15, screw; 16, clamping plate; 17, first bevel gear; 18, driving motor; 19, second gear; 20, reciprocating screw; 21, guide rod; 22, bushing; 23, one-way bearing; 24, first straight gear; 25, rack; 26, L-shaped plate; 27, base; 28, speed change box; 29, the second spur gear; 30, the spur gear ring; 31, the first synchronous wheel; 32, the second synchronous wheel; 33, the screw; 34, the third synchronous wheel; 35, the fourth synchronous wheel; 36, the lever; 37, the fixed plate; 38, the sliding plate; 39, the tension spring; 40, the first electromagnet; 41, the second electromagnet; 42, the lever plate; 43, the cavity; 44, the leakage hole; 45, the support vertical plate; 46, the top plate; 47, the support beam; 48, the inclined plate; 49, the ring; 50, the rubber hemisphere block; 51, the push rod; 52, the support plate; 53, the sliding rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a forging device, which is used in the field of forging equipment, includes a base 1, a bottom die 2 and a U-shaped frame 4 are fixed on the top of the base 1, and the bottom die 2 is located in the U-shaped frame 4. A hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixed on the top of the U-shaped frame 4, and a top die 6 is fixed on the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 5. The top die 6 cooperates with the bottom die 2 to forge the shaft forging. The sides of the bottom die 2 and the top die 6 that are close to each other are both provided with arc grooves, and these arc grooves are used to accurately forge the shaft forging.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4In addition, the device further includes two sliding seats 10, which are respectively located on both sides of the bottom mold 2 and slide on the top of the base 1. The top of the base 1 is also slidably connected with a sliding plate 11, which is located between the bottom mold 2 and one of the sliding seats 10. Two sliding rods 53 are fixed to one side of the sliding seat 10 away from the sliding plate 11, and the other ends of the two sliding rods 53 slide through the bottom mold 2, the sliding plate 11, and the sliding seat 10 close to the sliding plate 11 in turn. This design ensures that the sliding plate 11 and the two sliding seats 10 slide stably on the base 1.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The side of the sliding plate 11 away from the bottom mold 2 is rotatably connected with a lead screw 33, and one end of the lead screw 33 is threadedly penetrated through the adjacent sliding seat 10. In addition, a reciprocating screw 20 is also included, which is threadedly penetrated through the bottom mold 2, one end of the reciprocating screw 20 is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 10 away from the sliding plate 11, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sliding plate 11. The sliding plate 11 and the two sliding seats 10 can be controlled to move by the rotation of the reciprocating screw 20. In addition, a guide rod 21 is fixed to one end of the reciprocating screw 20, and one end of the guide rod 21 penetrates the sliding seat 10 adjacent to the sliding plate 11.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a clamping structure is provided at the top of the sliding seat 10 for clamping and fixing the shaft forging. Specifically, the clamping structure includes a back plate 12 fixed on the top of the sliding seat 10, and the side of the back plate 12 close to the bottom mold 2 is rotatably connected to a mounting cylinder 13 through an annular slide rail. A plurality of screws 15 are slidably penetrated through the outer wall of the mounting cylinder 13, and these screws 15 are used to adjust the position of the clamping plate 16. The outer wall of the mounting cylinder 13 is also rotatably connected to a plurality of first bevel gears 17, and the first bevel gears 17 are provided with internal threads, which are threadedly connected to the screws 15. Clamping plates 16 are fixed at the ends of the plurality of screws 15 that are close to each other, and these clamping plates 16 are used to clamp and fix the shaft forging. A bevel gear ring 14 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting cylinder 13, and the bevel gear ring 14 is meshed with the plurality of first bevel gears 17, so that the bevel gear ring 14 can drive the plurality of first bevel gears 17 to rotate simultaneously, thereby driving the screws 15 and the clamping plate 16 to move. In order to drive the bevel gear ring 14 to rotate, a driving motor 18 is fixed to the outer wall of the mounting cylinder 13 through a frame, and a second gear 19 meshing with the bevel gear ring 14 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor 18 .

[0025] Specifically, when the driving motor 18 drives the second gear 19 to rotate, the second gear 19 drives the multiple first bevel gears 17 to rotate through the bevel gear ring 14, and the first bevel gears 17 then drive the screw 15 to move toward the middle, and the clamping and fixing of the shaft forging is completed through the clamping plate 16.

[0026] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 , a moving structure is provided on one side of the bottom mold 2, which is used to drive the reciprocating screw 20 to rotate and drive the sliding plate 11 and the two sliding seats 10 to move. Specifically, the moving structure includes a sleeve 22 that rotates on one side of the bottom mold 2, and the sleeve 22 slides on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw 20 through a slide groove and a slider, so as to drive the reciprocating screw 20 to rotate. The outer wall of the sleeve 22 is sleeved with a one-way bearing 23, the inner ring of the one-way bearing 23 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 22, and the outer ring is fixed with a first spur gear 24. A rack 25 meshing with the first spur gear 24 is slidably connected to one side of the bottom mold 2, and when the rack 25 moves up, it will drive the first spur gear 24 to rotate. Since the first spur gear 24 is in a locked state with the sleeve 22 through the one-way bearing 23, the rotation of the first spur gear 24 will drive the sleeve 22 to rotate in one direction. An L-shaped plate 26 is fixed on one side of the top mold 6, and the top of the rack 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the L-shaped plate 26.

[0027] Specifically, when the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the top die 6 to move upward, it will drive the L-shaped plate 26 and the rack 25 to move upward at the same time. The upward movement of the rack 25 will drive the first spur gear 24 to rotate, and then drive the sleeve 22 to rotate through the one-way bearing 23. The rotation of the sleeve 22 will drive the reciprocating screw 20 to rotate. Since the reciprocating screw 20 is threadedly connected to the bottom die 2, the rotation of the reciprocating screw 20 will drive the sliding seat 10 and the shaft forging thereon to move, thereby forging other positions on the shaft forging.

[0028] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The mobile structure also includes two bases 27, which are fixed on the tops of the two sliding seats 10, respectively, so as to ensure the stability and position accuracy of the bases 27. On the side of each base 27 close to each other, a gearbox 28 is firmly installed through a frame. The output end of the gearbox 28 is connected to a second spur gear 29, and the function of the two second spur gears 29 is to mesh with a spur gear ring 30 on the outer wall of the mounting cylinder 13. When the second spur gear 29 rotates, it drives the spur gear ring 30 and the mounting cylinder 13 connected thereto to rotate together.

[0029] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8In order to realize the synchronous drive of the gearbox 28, a first synchronous wheel 31 is fixed to the input end of each gearbox 28. The two first synchronous wheels 31 are connected to two second synchronous wheels 32 through a synchronous belt. One of the second synchronous wheels 32 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw 20, while the other second synchronous wheel 32 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 21 through the cooperation of the slide groove and the slider, and the second synchronous wheel 32 is also rotatably connected to the adjacent sliding seat 10. Such a design ensures that the rotation of the reciprocating screw 20 and the guide rod 21 can synchronously drive the two gearboxes 28, thereby driving the spur gear ring 30 and the mounting cylinder 13 to rotate.

[0030] Specifically, when the reciprocating screw 20 rotates, it drives the first synchronous wheel 31 to rotate through the second synchronous wheel 32, and the first synchronous wheel 31 then drives the second spur gear 29 to rotate through the gearbox 28. Finally, the second spur gear 29 drives the mounting cylinder 13 to rotate through the spur gear ring 30, thereby achieving the angle adjustment of the shaft forging. When the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the top die 6 to reciprocate up and down to forge the shaft forging, this rotation ability enables different positions and different surfaces of the shaft forging to be uniformly forged, thereby greatly reducing the forging cost.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In addition, a pull-out structure is provided on the outer wall of the lead screw 33 to control the distance between the sliding plate 11 and the adjacent sliding seat 10. This pull-out structure can adjust the distance between the sliding plate 11 and the sliding seat 10 as needed, thereby realizing precise control of the length of the shaft forging. The pull-out structure mainly includes a fourth synchronous wheel 35 rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the lead screw 33, and a third synchronous wheel 34 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 21. The fourth synchronous wheel 35 and the third synchronous wheel 34 are connected by a synchronous belt. A fixed disk 37 is also fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the lead screw 33, and a sliding disk 38 is slidably connected between the fourth synchronous wheel 35 and the fixed disk 37 through the cooperation of a slide groove and a slider. The sliding disk 38 is connected to the fixed disk 37 by a tension spring 39, and the tension spring 39 is also sleeved on the outer wall of the lead screw 33.

[0032] Reference Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10A plurality of second electromagnets 41 and a first electromagnet 40 are fixed between the fixed disk 37 and the sliding disk 38. When the first electromagnet 40 and the second electromagnet 41 are energized, the repulsive force generated between them will be greater than the tension of the tension spring 39, thereby driving the sliding disk 38 to move toward the fourth synchronous wheel 35. A plurality of shifting plates 42 and shifting rods 36 are fixed to the side where the sliding disk 38 and the fixed disk 37 are close to each other. When the shifting plates 42 and the shifting rods 36 touch and cooperate, the rotation of the fourth synchronous wheel 35 will drive the sliding disk 38 and the lead screw 33 to rotate together.

[0033] Specifically, in order to achieve the pulling operation, when the first electromagnet 40 and the second electromagnet 41 are energized, the repulsive force between them will be greater than the tension of the tension spring 39, so that the sliding disk 38 and the dial plate 42 move toward the fourth synchronous wheel 35 under the action of the repulsive force. At this time, the dial rod 36 and the dial plate 42 touch and cooperate, and the guide rod 21 drives the fourth synchronous wheel 35 to rotate through the cooperation of the third synchronous wheel 34 and the synchronous belt. The fourth synchronous wheel 35 then drives the sliding disk 38 and the lead screw 33 to rotate through the cooperation of the dial rod 36 and the dial plate 42. Since the lead screw 33 is connected to the sliding seat 10 adjacent to the sliding plate 11, the sliding seat 10 will move outward under the action of the lead screw 33. In this way, when the shaft forging is heated and forged, the shaft forging can be pulled out to achieve the expected forging effect.

[0034] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 8 Finally, in order to ensure the stable rotation of the installation cylinder 13, support plates 52 are fixed on the tops of the two sliding seats 10. The tops of the two support plates 52 are respectively slidably connected to the outer walls of the two installation cylinders 13, providing necessary support for the installation cylinder 13.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 , both sides of the bottom die 2 are fixed with fixing plates 7, and the tops of the two fixing plates 7 are fixed with fixing cylinders 8. On the inner wall of the fixing cylinder 8, we installed electromagnetic coils 9, which are used to heat the shaft forgings so that the bottom die 2 and the top die 6 can forge the shaft forgings more easily in the subsequent forging process. After heating, the plasticity of the shaft forgings will be improved due to the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the material, which is conducive to the forging process.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 At the top of the bottom die 2, we fixed a plurality of vertical rods 3, and the top ends of these vertical rods 3 all slide and extend into the top die 6. This design can ensure that the top die 6 can remain stable during the lifting process without shaking or offset, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the forging process.

[0037] The free forging device of the present invention can realize accurate forging and clamping of shaft forgings. At the same time, through the setting of the moving structure and the stretching structure, the position and length of the shaft forging can be conveniently adjusted, thereby improving the forging efficiency and product quality. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and good forging effect.

[0038] Example 2: Reference Fig.11 and Fig.12 , based on the improvement of Example 1: inside the bottom die 2, we set a cavity 43, which is connected to multiple leak holes 44 in the arc groove at the top of the bottom die 2. During the forging process, the waste slag produced will fall into the cavity 43 through these leak holes 44. In order to facilitate the discharge of the waste slag, we installed an inclined plate 48 in the cavity 43, so that the waste slag can slide along the inclined plate 48 to one side of the bottom die 2.

[0039] refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 At the bottom of the cavity 43, we fixed two support vertical plates 45, and the reciprocating screw 20 penetrates the two support vertical plates 45. At the top of the support vertical plates 45, we fixed a top plate 46, which is located below the inclined plate 48. In order to support the top of the bottom mold 2, we fixed a support beam 47 on the top of the top plate 46, and the top end of the support beam 47 slides through the inclined plate 48 and is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the cavity 43.

[0040] refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 In addition, we have a ring 49 rotatably connected to the side of the two supporting vertical plates 45 away from each other, and the two rings 49 are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw 20 through a sliding groove and a slider. On the outer wall of the ring 49, we have fixed a plurality of rubber hemispherical blocks 50. In the top plate 46, we have slidably penetrated two push rods 51, and the two push rods 51 cooperate with the rubber hemispherical blocks 50.

[0041] Specifically, when the reciprocating screw 20 rotates, the ring 49 is driven to rotate, and the rubber hemispherical block 50 on the ring 49 continuously pushes the push rod 51 to move up and down, thereby hitting the inclined plate 48. In this way, the waste residue on the inclined plate 48 will be shaken off and slide to one side along the inclined plate 48, realizing the automatic collection and discharge of the waste residue.

[0042] Through such a design, we can not only improve the stability and accuracy of the forging process, but also realize the automatic collection and discharge of waste slag, which greatly improves work efficiency and environmental protection performance.

[0043] A forging method for a free forging device for a shaft forging, comprising the following steps: S1. Pass the shaft forging through the two mounting tubes 13 and the electromagnetic coil 9 and place it on the bottom die 2. Then, clamp and fix the two ends of the shaft forging. Specifically, the second gear 19 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 18. The second gear 19 drives the plurality of first bevel gears 17 to rotate through the bevel gear ring 14. The first bevel gear 17 drives the screw 15 to move toward the middle. The clamping and fixing of the shaft forging is completed by the clamping plate 16. S2. During forging, the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the top die 6 to move up and down to forge the shaft forging, and the top die 6 drives the L-shaped plate 26 and the rack 25 to move up during the upward movement after striking the shaft forging, and the rack 25 drives the first spur gear 24 to rotate, and the first spur gear 24 is in a locked state with the shaft sleeve 22 through the one-way bearing 23, and the shaft sleeve 22 drives the reciprocating screw 20 to rotate, and the reciprocating screw 20 is threadedly connected with the bottom die 2, so the reciprocating screw 20 drives the sliding seat 10 and the shaft forging thereon to move, and forges other positions on the shaft forging; S3. In addition, during the forging process, when the shaft forging moves to the left, the electromagnetic coil 9 located on the right side of the bottom die 2 is energized, and the shaft forging is heated by the electromagnetic coil 9, so that the top die 6 and the bottom die 2 can forge the shaft forging. Conversely, the electromagnetic coil 9 on the other side is started to heat the shaft forging, and the first synchronous wheel 31 is driven to rotate by the second synchronous wheel 32 during the rotation of the reciprocating screw 20. The first synchronous wheel 31 drives the second spur gear 29 to rotate through the gearbox 28, and the second spur gear 29 drives the mounting cylinder 13 to rotate through the spur gear ring 30 to adjust the angle of the shaft forging. When the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the top die 6 to reciprocate up and down to forge the shaft forging, the shaft forging is driven to move and rotate at the same time, and different positions and different surfaces of the shaft forging can be forged, which greatly reduces the forging cost. S4. When the forging needs to be lengthened, the first electromagnet 40 and the second electromagnet 41 are energized, and the repulsive force between the first electromagnet 40 and the second electromagnet 41 is greater than the tension of the tension spring 39. The sliding disk 38 and the dial plate 42 move toward the fourth synchronous wheel 35 under the action of the repulsive force. At this time, the dial rod 36 and the dial plate 42 touch and cooperate. When the reciprocating screw 20 drives the guide rod 21 to rotate, the guide rod 21 drives the fourth synchronous wheel 35 to rotate through the cooperation of the third synchronous wheel 34 and the synchronous belt. The fourth synchronous wheel 35 drives the sliding disk 38 and the lead screw 33 to rotate through the cooperation of the dial rod 36 and the dial plate 42. The sliding seat 10 adjacent to the sliding plate 11 moves outward under the action of the lead screw 33, so that the shaft forging can be lengthened when the shaft forging is heated and forged; S5. In addition, during the forging process of the shaft forging, the oxide layer slag on it falls on the bottom die 2, and the slag falls on the inclined plate 48 through the leak hole 44 and flows to the outside side by side. When the reciprocating screw 20 rotates, it drives the ring 49 to rotate. The ring 49 continuously pushes the push rod 51 to knock the inclined plate 48 through the rubber hemisphere block 50, which is used to shake the slag on the inclined plate 48 to one side, and automatically completes the collection and discharge of the slag.

[0044] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the first electromagnet 40, the second electromagnet 41, the drive motor 18 and the hydraulic cylinder 5 are commonplace, and are conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art may make any optional selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A free forging device for shaft forgings, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), a bottom die (2) and a U-shaped frame (4) are fixed on the top of the base (1), and the bottom die (2) is located inside the U-shaped frame (4), a hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixed on the top of the U-shaped frame (4) and penetrates through the top, a top die (6) is fixed on the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (5), and the top die (6) cooperates with the bottom die (2) to forge a shaft forging, and an arc groove is provided on the side where the bottom die (2) and the top die (6) are close to each other, so as to forge the shaft forging; It also comprises two sliding seats (10), the two sliding seats (10) are respectively located on both sides of the bottom mold (2), the two sliding seats (10) are both slid on the top of the base (1), the top of the base (1) is slidably connected with a sliding plate (11), and the sliding plate (11) is located between the bottom mold (2) and one of the sliding seats (10), two sliding rods (53) are fixed on the side of the sliding seat (10) away from the sliding plate (11), the other ends of the two sliding rods (53) slide through the bottom mold (2), the sliding plate (11) and the sliding seat (10) close to the sliding plate (11) in sequence, and the side of the sliding plate (11) away from the bottom mold (2) is rotatably connected with a lead screw (33), and one end of the lead screw (33) is threadedly connected to the adjacent sliding seat (10); It also includes a reciprocating screw (20), and the reciprocating screw (20) is threadedly passed through the bottom mold (2), one end of the reciprocating screw (20) is rotatably connected to a sliding seat (10) away from the sliding plate (11), and the other end of the reciprocating screw (20) is rotatably connected to the sliding plate (11), and the sliding plate (11) and the two sliding seats (10) can be controlled to move by the rotation of the reciprocating screw (20), and a guide rod (21) is fixed to one end of the reciprocating screw (20), and one end of the guide rod (21) passes through the sliding seat (10) adjacent to the sliding plate (11); A clamping structure, arranged on the top of the sliding seat (10), for clamping and fixing the shaft forging; A moving structure, arranged on one side of the bottom mold (2), used for driving the reciprocating screw (20) to rotate and drive the sliding plate (11) and the two sliding seats (10) to move; The extension structure is arranged on the outer wall of the lead screw (33) and is used to control the distance between the sliding plate (11) and the adjacent sliding seat (10).

2. The free forging device for shaft forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping structure comprises a back plate (12) fixed on the top of the sliding seat (10); a side of the back plate (12) close to the bottom mold (2) is rotatably connected to a mounting tube (13) via an annular slide rail; a plurality of screw rods (15) are slidably penetrated through the outer wall of the mounting tube (13); a plurality of first bevel gears (17) are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the mounting tube (13); an internal thread is provided in the first bevel gear (17); the first bevel gear (17) is threadably connected to the screw rod (15) via the internal thread; and the plurality of screw rods (15) are close to each other. A clamping plate (16) for clamping and fixing the shaft forging is fixed at one end, a bevel gear ring (14) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the installation cylinder (13), and the bevel gear ring (14) is meshed with a plurality of first bevel gears (17), and the bevel gear ring (14) drives the screw rod (15) to move through the first bevel gears (17), and a driving motor (18) is fixed to the outer wall of the installation cylinder (13) through a frame, and a second gear (19) meshed with the bevel gear ring (14) is fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor (18) for driving the bevel gear ring (14) to rotate.

3. The free forging device for shaft forgings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable structure comprises a shaft sleeve (22) which rotates on one side of the bottom mold (2); the shaft sleeve (22) slides on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw (20) through a sliding groove and a sliding block; the shaft sleeve (22) drives the reciprocating screw (20) to rotate; the outer wall of the shaft sleeve (22) is provided with a one-way bearing (23); the inner ring of the one-way bearing (23) is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve (22); the outer ring of the one-way bearing (23) is fixedly provided with a first spur gear (24); the one side of the bottom mold (2) slides A rack (25) meshing with the first spur gear (24) is movably connected thereto; the rack (25) moves upward to drive the first spur gear (24) to rotate; the first spur gear (24) is in a locked state with the shaft sleeve (22) via a one-way bearing (23) and is used to drive the shaft sleeve (22) to rotate in one direction; an L-shaped plate (26) is fixed to one side of the top mold (6); and the top end of the rack (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of one side of the L-shaped plate (26) and is used to drive the rack (25) to move up and down.

4. The free forging device for shaft forgings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mobile structure further comprises two bases (27), the two bases (27) being fixed on the tops of the two sliding bases (10) respectively, a gearbox (28) being fixed to one side of the two bases (27) close to each other through a frame, a second spur gear (29) being fixed to the output ends of the two gearboxes (28), a spur gear ring (30) being fixed to the outer walls of the two mounting tubes (13), and the spur gear ring (30) being meshed with the second spur gear (29) for driving the mounting tubes (13) to rotate, and the input ends of the two gearboxes (28) being fixed A first synchronous wheel (31) is provided, and two of the first synchronous wheels (31) are connected to second synchronous wheels (32) through a synchronous belt, wherein one of the second synchronous wheels (32) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw rod (20), and the other second synchronous wheel (32) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod (21) through a sliding groove and a sliding block, and the second synchronous wheel (32) located on the guide rod (21) is rotationally connected to the adjacent sliding seat (10), and the rotation of the reciprocating screw rod (20) and the guide rod (21) can synchronously drive the spur gear ring (30) and the mounting cylinder (13) to rotate.

5. The free forging device for shaft forgings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stretching structure comprises a fourth synchronous wheel (35) rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the lead screw (33); the outer wall of the guide rod (21) is fixedly sleeved with a third synchronous wheel (34); the fourth synchronous wheel (35) and the third synchronous wheel (34) are connected via a synchronous belt transmission; the outer wall of the lead screw (33) is fixedly sleeved with a fixed disk (37); the outer wall of the lead screw (33) is slidably connected with a sliding disk (38) located between the fourth synchronous wheel (35) and the fixed disk (37) via a sliding groove and a sliding block; a tension spring (39) is fixed between the sliding disk (38) and the fixed disk (37); and the tension spring (39) is sleeved on the lead screw ( The outer wall of the fixed disk (33) is provided with a plurality of second electromagnets (41) and a first electromagnet (40) respectively fixed between the fixed disk (37) and the sliding disk (38), and the repulsive force between the first electromagnets (40) and the first electromagnets (40) is greater than the tension of the tension spring (39) when power is supplied thereto, so as to drive the sliding disk (38) to move in the direction of the fourth synchronous wheel (35), and a plurality of shifting plates (42) and a shifting rod (36) are respectively fixed on the side where the sliding disk (38) and the fixed disk (37) are close to each other, and the shifting plates (42) and the shifting rod (36) are in contact with each other to enable the fourth synchronous wheel (35) to drive the sliding disk (38) and the lead screw (33) to rotate.

6. The free forging device for shaft forgings according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support plate (52) is fixed to the top of each of the two sliding seats (10), and the tops of the two support plates (52) are respectively slidably connected to the outer walls of the two mounting cylinders (13) for supporting the mounting cylinders (13).

7. The free forging device for shaft forgings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Fixed plates (7) are fixed on both sides of the bottom die (2), fixed cylinders (8) are fixed on the tops of the two fixed plates (7), electromagnetic coils (9) are fixed on the inner walls of the two fixed cylinders (8), and the shaft forging passes through the electromagnetic coils (9), so that the shaft forging is heated by the electromagnetic coils (9).

8. The free forging device for shaft forgings according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of vertical rods (3) are fixed to the top of the bottom mold (2), and the top ends of the plurality of vertical rods (3) are slidably extended into the top mold (6), so that the top mold (6) can be smoothly raised and lowered by the vertical rods (3).

9. The free forging device for shaft forgings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom die (2) is provided with a cavity (43), and a plurality of leak holes (44) are provided in the arc groove at the top of the bottom die (2) and are connected to the cavity (43), so as to allow the waste slag generated during forging to fall into the cavity (43) through the leak holes (44). An inclined panel (48) is fixed in the cavity (43) and is used to discharge the collected waste slag to one side of the bottom die (2). Two supporting vertical panels (45) are fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the cavity (43), and the reciprocating screw rod (20) passes through the supporting vertical panels (45). The top of the two supporting vertical panels (45) is fixed with the same top panel (46), and the top panel (46) is located below the inclined panel (48). The top of the top panel (46) is fixed A support beam (47) is provided, and the top end of the support beam (47) slides through the inclined panel (48) and is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the cavity (43) for supporting the top of the bottom mold (2). The two supporting vertical plates (45) are rotatably connected to a ring (49) on the side away from each other. The two rings (49) are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the reciprocating screw rod (20) through a sliding groove and a slider. The outer walls of the two rings (49) are fixed with a plurality of rubber hemispherical blocks (50). Two push rods (51) slide through the top plate (46), and the push rods (51) cooperate with the rubber hemispherical blocks (50) to drive the push rods (51) to move up and down to strike the inclined panel (48).

10. A forging method using the free forging device for shaft forgings according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, passing the shaft forging through the mounting tube (13) and the electromagnetic coil (9), placing it on the bottom die (2), and driving the clamping plate (16) through the driving motor (18) to clamp and fix the two ends of the shaft forging; S2, the hydraulic cylinder (5) drives the top die (6) to move up and down to forge the shaft forging, and at the same time, when the top die (6) moves up, it drives the first straight gear (24) and the reciprocating screw (20) to rotate, so that the sliding seat (10) and the shaft forging thereon move to forge other positions of the shaft forging; S3, during forging, the electromagnetic coil (9) is energized according to the moving direction of the shaft forging to heat the shaft forging, and the second synchronous wheel (32), the first synchronous wheel (31) and the gearbox (28) are used to drive the mounting cylinder (13) to rotate, adjust the angle of the shaft forging, and realize forging of different positions and surfaces of the shaft forging, thereby reducing costs; S4, when it is necessary to lengthen the shaft forging, power is supplied to cause the first electromagnet (40) and the second electromagnet (41) to generate a repulsive force, thereby pushing the sliding plate (38) and the shifting plate (42) to move, and cooperating with the shifting rod (36) and the fourth synchronous wheel to drive the lead screw (33) to rotate, so that the sliding seat (10) moves outward, thereby lengthening the shaft forging; S5. During the forging process, the oxide layer waste slag falls onto the inclined plate (48) through the leak hole (44) on the bottom die (2), and the rotating ring (49) and the rubber hemispherical block (50) push the push rod (51) to hit the inclined plate (48), thereby shaking off the waste slag and discharging it to the outside.

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